,! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,CONOR ,MC,L\<L9 

,TEXT 3 

  

,Y\ FEEL ?AT1 HAD !RE BE5 A DOCUM5T>Y CREW ON ! BATTLEFIELDS ( ,SPA9 9 ! ?IRTIES ?IS IS :AT !Y W\LD HAVE BR\<T BACK  
  

,SO SAID ',HOT ,PRESS' AB\T ,K5 ,LOA*'S EXCELL5T FILM ,L& & ,FRE$OM4 ,YET ! V]SION ( ! CONFLICT 9 ,SPA9 P$DL$ BY ! S*OOL HI/ORY BOOKS BE>S NO RESEMBLANCE TO ?IS 'DOCUM5T>Y'4 ,! REVOLUTION 9 ,SPA9 IS PORTRAY$ SIMPLY AS A CIVIL W> F\<T BETWE5 DEMOCRACY & FASCISM4 

,L& & ,FRE$OM GOES SOME WAY T[>DS R$RESS+ ?IS1 BUT EV5 H]E Y\ HAVE TO LOOK H>D TO SEE ANY EVID5CE ?AT !RE W]E AN>*I/S 9 ,SPA9 AT ! TIME4 ,9 FACT1 ! ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALI/ ,CONF$]ATION ,NACIONAL DE ,TRABAJO OR ,C,N,T HAD ALMO/ TWO MILLION MEMB]S1 & !Y HAD A PR(\ND 9FLU5CE ON ! ,SPANI% SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 

,AN>*ISM HAD 7& /ILL HAS7 A LONG TRADITION 9 ,SPA94 ,?IS GOES RI<T BACK TO ! MIDDLE ( ! LA/ C5TURY1 #ahfi TO BE PRECISE1 :5 ! AN>*I/ IDEAS ( ,MI*AEL ,BAKUN9 W]E FIR/ BR\<T TO ,SPA9 BY ! ,ITALIAN ,GUISEPPE ,FANELLI4 ,AN>*ISM DEVELOP$ RAPIDLY 9 ! H>% ECONOMIC CONDITIONS PREVAIL+ 9 ,SPA9 AT ! TIME4 

#aiaa SAW ! =MATION ( ! ,C,N,T4 ,?IS WAS AN ,AN>*O-,SYNDICALI/ UNION4 ,!Y HOP$ TO ORGANIZE ALL WORK]S 9TO ONE BIG UNION & BR+ AB\T AN>*ISM ?R\< A REVOLUTION>Y G5]AL /RIKE4 ,9 ITS DAY TO DAY ACTIVITY ! UNION PUT 9TO ACTION ! AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES ( DIRECT ACTION & DIRECT DEMOCRACY4 ,ALL DELEGATES & REPRES5TATIVES W]E SUBJECT TO BE+ M&AT$ & RECALL$ IF !Y DID NOT C>RY ?R\< !IR M&ATES4 

,/RIKES & REPRESSION 

  

,! ,C,N,T EXP]I5C$ RAPID GR[?4 ,ITS /RON<OLDS W]E 9 ,CATALONIA 7ESPECIALLY ,B>CELONA7 & ,&ALUCIA4 ,IT ALSO HAD A L>GE FOLL[+ 9 ! ,A/URIAS1 ,LEVANT1 ,S>AGOSSA & ,MADRID4 ,IT ORGANIZ$ MILITANT /RIKES & PROTE/S 9CLUD+ SEV]AL CITY WIDE & NATIONAL /RIKES4 ,= MO/ ( ITS HI/ORY IT WAS SUBJECT TO VICI\S GOV]NM5T REPRESSION1 NOT ONLY UND] ! SEMI-DICTATOR%IP 9 P[] UNTIL #a#i#c#a1 BUT ALSO UND] ! REPUBLICAN & POPUL> FRONT GOV]NM5TS :I* FOLL[$4 ,?IS 9CLUD$ ! #aicf POPUL> FRONT GOV]NM5T4 

,FRANCO'S C\P BEGAN 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f4 ,! GOV]NM5T HAD BE5 W>N$ ?AT A MILIT>Y UPRIS+ WAS AB\T TO OCCUR BUT REFUS$ TO TAKE ! W>N+S S]I\SLY4 ,! ,PRIME ,M9I/] ,CAS>ES ,QUIROGA REPORT$LY REPLI$ TO ONE SU* W>N+  
  

,BY :I* Y\ MEAN Y\ >E SURE ?AT ! MILIT>Y WILL RISE8 ,V]Y WELL !N1 BUT = MY P>T1 ,I AM GO+ TO HAVE A LIE D[N44  
  

,?IS RA!R PA!TIC ATTEMPT AT HUMOR SUMS UP ! ATTITUDE ( ! GOV]NM5T4 ,! P>TIES ( ! POPUL> FRONT REACT$ 9 A SIMIL>LY COMPLAC5T FA%ION4 ,! COMMUNI/ & SOCIALI/ P>TIES ISSU$ ?IS JO9T NOTE  
  

,! MOM5T IS A DIFFICULT ONE4 ,! GOV]NM5T IS SURE ?AT IT POSSESSES SUFFICI5T MEANS TO CRU% ?IS CRIM9AL ATTEMPT4  

,TAK+ >MS 

  

,! GOV]NM5T REFUS$ TO >M ! WORK]S4 ,WORK]S >M$ !MSELVES4 ,! ,C,N,T BROKE \T ITS [N >MS 7?AT IT HAD BE5 SAV+ = JU/ SU* A RA9Y DAY7 & ORGANIZ$ DETA*M5TS TO SEIZE B>RACKS & >S5ALS BE=E ! MILIT>Y C\LD L9K UP & CONSOLIDATE4 ,OV] MO/ ( NOR!RN & C5TRAL ,SPA9 !Y BEAT ! FASCI/S & ! >MY ) :ATEV] >MS CAME TO H&4 

,!RE IS ABSOLUTELY NO D\BT ?AT ! 9ITIAL RESPONSE TO ,FRANCO'S C\P WAS DUE TO ! DEEP IMPLANTATION ( AN>*I/ IDEAS AMONG ,SPANI% WORK]S4 ,!RE WAS NO WAIT+ >\ND = ! GOV]NM5T TO ACT 7& JU/ AS WELL TOO74 ,WORK]S BEAT ! C\P & MOV$ TO TAKE CONTROL4 

,AN>*I/ 9FLU5CE WAS EV]Y:]E FROM ! =MATION ( ! MILITIAS & ! EXPROPRIATION & COLLECTIVIZATION ( L& TO ! SEIZURES 9 9DU/RY4 ,! SMA%+ ( ! MILIT>Y C\P WAS LIKE ! BUR/+ ( A DAM1 RELEAS+ A SURG+ HUMAN TIDE ( IMAG9ATION & CREATIVITY4 

,?R\<\T REPUBLICAN ,SPA9 AN>*I/ IDEAS 9SPIR$ A TRANS=MATION4 ,?IS TRANS=MATION W\LD TAKE A F> LONG] >TICLE !N ?IS TO DESCRIBE &1 9DE$1 HAS BE5 ! SUBJECT ( SEV]AL L>GE BOOKS4 ,H[EV] A FEW EXAMPLES WILL AT LEA/ GIVE A FLAVOR ( ! TIMES4 

,ON ! ,L& 

  

,9 ! %ORT SPACE ( A FEW YE>S ! SMALL PEASANTS & AGRICULTURAL LABOR]S DEMON/RAT$ ?AT1 F> FROM *AOS1 AN>*ISM WAS AN EFFICI5T1 DESIRABLE & REALIZABLE ME?OD ( RUNN+ ?+S4 ,!RE W]E UNPREC$5T$ LEVELS ( VOLUNT>Y COLLECTIVIZATION ?R\<\T ! L& ON ! ANTI-FASCI/ SIDE4 ,GA/ON ,LEVEL 79 HIS BOOK ,COLLECTIVES 9 ! ,SPANI% ,CIVIL ,W>7 PUTS ! NUMB]S 9VOLV$ AS HI< AS #e-#g MILLION PEOPLE4 

,COLLECTIVIZATION OCCURR$ MU* AS DESCRIB$ 9 ,L& & ,FRE$OM4 ,AFT] ! MAJOR L&[N]S HAD SPLIT1 A VILLAGE ASSEMBLY WAS HELD4 ,IF A DECISION TO COLLECTIVIZE WAS TAK5 ALL 9DIVIDUALLY [N$ L& & MA*9]Y WAS BR\<T TOGE!R = ! USE ( ! 5TIRE COLLECTIVE4 ,TEAMS W]E =M$ TO LOOK AFT] V>I\S >EAS ( WORK & EA* ELECT$ RECALLABLE DELEGATES TO A VILLAGE ASSEMBLY4 ,9DIVIDUALS W]E1 H[EV]1 ABLE TO REMA9 \TSIDE ! COLLECTIVE & KEEP !IR [N PROP]TY IF !Y WI%$1 ?\< !Y W]E =BIDD5 FROM HIR+ LABOR]S TO WORK !IR L&4 ,MO/ ( !SE PEOPLE EV5TUALLY JO9$1 !IR RES]VATIONS DISAPPE>+ 9 ! FACE ( ! VISIBLE SUCCESSES ( ! COLLECTIVES4 

,TO DI/RIBUTE ! COMMON /OCK ( GOODS1 RATION+ OR A FAMILY WAGE WAS BR\<T 94 ,GIV5 ! L[ LEVEL ( PRODUCTION AT ! TIME IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO GO /RAI<T TO COMMUNI/ DI/RIBUTION 7I4E4 FREE GOODS = ALL74 ,BUT !RE WAS A MAJOR 9CREASE 9 LIV+ /&>DS ) MORE ( A SAY = EV]YONE & MANY FREE S]VICES4 

,A ,TALE ( ,SEV5 ,HUNDR$ ,TRAMS 

  

,9DU/RIAL COLLECTIVIZATION WAS EXT5SIVE ESPECIALLY 9 ! AN>*I/ /RON<OLD1 ,B>CELONA4 ,AS ,GEORGE ,ORWELL PUT IT 9 ,HOMAGE TO ,CATALONIA  
  

,IT WAS ! FIR/ TIME ?AT ,I HAD EV] BE5 9 A T[N :]E ! WORK+ CLASS WAS 9 ! SADDLE4  
  

,AB\T #c 5T]PRISES 9 ! CITY W]E COLLECTIVIZ$4 ,! TRAM SY/EM PROVIDES A %9+ EXAMPLE ( JU/ H[ MU* BETT] WE CAN RUN ?+S :5 WE DO /RUGGLE UP 9TO ?AT SADDLE4 

,ON ,JULY #b#d?1 FIVE DAYS AFT] ! RIS+ WAS CRU%$1 ! TRAM CREWS GOT TOGE!R & DECID$ TO RUN ! :OLE SY/EM !MSELVES4 ,A COMMITTEE WAS ELECT$4 ,!Y QUICKLY 9TRODUC$ MANY *ANGES4 ,)9 ANO!R #e DAYS #g TRAMS W]E 9 S]VICE4 #a TRAMS HAD BE5 PAT*$ UP & RU%$ 9TO S]VICE4 ,! MAJOR REASON = ! QUICK REPAIR JOB WAS ! REEMPLOYM5T ( #feg LAID (F TRAM-M54 

,PUTT+ PEOPLE FIR/ 

  

,) ! PR(IT MOTIVE GONE1 SAFETY BECAME MORE IMPORTANT & ! NUMB] ( ACCID5TS WAS R$UC$4 ,A NEW AUTOMATIC SAFETY & SIGNAL+ SY/EM WAS 9TRODUC$4 ,SECTIONS ( TRACK W]E REPAIR$ & RE-LAID4 

,! OLD F>ES HAD V>I$ FROM 4#a TO 4#d PESETAS4 ,A NEW /&>D F>E ( 4#b PESETAS WAS 9TRODUC$4 ,YET MORE MONEY WAS MADE 7& PL[$ BACK 97 & AN EXTRA #e MILLION PASS5G]S W]E C>RI$4 ,WAGES W]E EQUALIZ$ = ALL WORK]S 7:I* MEANT AN 9CREASE = MO/7 & !RE WAS FREE M$ICAL C>E = ALL WORK]S 9 ! CITY4 

,P]HAPS ! MO/ AMAZ+ FACT IS ?AT OV] ! TWO YE>S ( COLLECTIVIZATION !RE W]E ONLY #f CASES ( WORK]S CAU<T /EAL+ FROM ! WORK%OP4 

,:AT W5T WRONG8 

  

,! FACTORS 9VOLV$ 9 ! DEFEAT ( ! REVOLUTION W\LD TAKE AN >TICLE 9 !MSELVES TO EXPLA91 RANG+ FROM ! MILIT>Y P[] ( ! FASCI/S 7& !IR \TSIDE AID7 TO ! BETRAYALS BY ! COMMUNI/S & SOCIAL DEMOCRATS1 & ?IS IS NOT MY PURPOSE H]E4 ,:AT IS IMPORTANT IS ?AT ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION DID NOT COLLAPSE DUE TO 9T]NAL PROBLEMS OR FLAWS 9 HUMAN NATURE4 ,IT WAS DEFEAT$ FROM )\T4 ,AN>*ISM HAD NOT FAIL$4 ,AN>*I/S HAD PROV$ ?AT IDEAS :I* LOOK GOOD 9 ! PAGES ( !ORY BOOKS LOOK EV5 BETT] ON ! CANVAS ( LIFE4 

7,S\RCE3 ,RETRIEV$ ON #e? ,DECEMB] #bba FROM /RUGGLE4WS47 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #a#g1 #bbb 3 ,! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION -- ,ADD$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/