,*APT] #a 
,GREAT ,OCTOB] 9 ! ,UKRA9E 

#aibfaibf 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,NE/OR ,MAKHNO 

,TEXT 3 

,! MON? ( ,OCTOB] #aiag IS A GREAT HI/ORICAL WAT]%$ 9 ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION4 ,?AT WAT]%$ CONSI/S ( ! AWAK5+ ( ! TOIL]S ( T[N & C\NTRY TO !IR RI<T TO SEIZE CONTROL ( !IR [N LIVES & !IR SOCIAL & ECONOMIC 9H]ITANCE2 ! CULTIVATION ( ! SOIL1 ! H\S+1 ! FACTORIES1 ! M9ES1 TRANSPORTATION1 & LA/LY ! $UCATION :I* HAD HI!RTO BE5 US$ TO /RIP \R ANCE/ORS ( ALL !SE ASSETS4 

,H[EV]1 AS WE SEE IT1 IT W\LD BE WIDE ( ! M>K IF WE W]E TO SEE ALL ( ! CONT5T ( ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION 5CAPSULAT$ 9 ,OCTOB]3 9 FACT1 ! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTION WAS HAT*$ OV] ! PREC$+ MON?S1 A P]IOD DUR+ :I* ! PEASANTS 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE & ! WORK]S 9 ! T[NS GRASP$ ! ESS5TIAL PO9T4 ,9DE$1 ! REVOLUTION ( ,FEBRU>Y #aiag CAME TO BE A SYMBOL = ! TOIL]S ( !IR ECONOMIC & POLITICAL LIB]ATION4 ,H[EV]1 !Y QUICKLY NOTIC$ ?AT ! ,FEBRU>Y REVOLUTION AS IT EVOLV$ ADOPT$ ! DEG5]AT$ =MAT *>ACT]I/IC ( ! LIB]AL B\RGEOISIE1 &1 AS SU*1 PROV$ 9CAPABLE ( EMB>K+ UPON A PROJECT ( SOCIAL ACTION4 ,:]EUPON ! TOIL]S IMM$IATELY CA/ (F ! RE/RA9TS IMPOS$ BY ,FEBRU>Y & SET AB\T OP5LY SEV]+ ALL !IR TIES TO ITS PSEUDO-REVOLUTION>Y ASPECT & ITS OBJECTIVES4 

,9 ! ,UKRA9E1 !RE W]E TWO FACETS TO ?IS ACTIVITY4 ,AT ! TIME1 ! URBAN PROLET>IAT1 9 VIEW ( ! MEAG]NESS ( ! AN>*I/S' 9FLU5CE UPON IT ON ! ONE H&1 & LACK ( 9=MATION AB\T ! REAL POLITICAL POLICIES & DOME/IC ISSUES 9 ! C\NTRY ON ! O!R1 RECKON$ ?AT HOI/+ ! ,BOL%EVIKS 9TO P[] HAD BECOME ! MO/ PRESS+ NECESSITY ( ! BATTLE ?AT HAD BE5 JO9$ = ! PURSUANCE ( ! REVOLUTION1 IF ! COALITION ( ,RI<T ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION>IES ) ! B\RGEOISIE WAS TO BE \/$4 

,MEAN:ILE1 9 ! C\NTRYSIDE1 & ESPECIALLY 9 ! ,ZAPOROZHE >EA ( ! ,UKRA9E1 :]E ! AUTOCRACY HAD NEV] QUITE MANAG$ TO EXTIRPATE ! SPIRIT ( FRE$OM1 ! TOIL+ REVOLUTION>Y PEASANTRY TOOK IT AS ITS MO/ OV]-RID+ & MO/ BASIC DUTY TO RESORT TO DIRECT REVOLUTION>Y ACTION 9 ORD] TO RID !MSELVES AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE ( ! POME%*IKS & KULAKS1 BE+ P]SUAD$ ?AT ?IS LIB]ATION W\LD SPE$ !IR VICTORY AGA9/ ! SOCIALI/-B\RGEOIS COALITION4 

,?IS IS ! REASON :Y ! ,UKRA9IAN PEASANTS W5T ON ! (F5SIVE1 SEIZ+ ! B\RGEOISIE'S WEAPONRY 7P>TICUL>LY AT ! TIME ( PUTS*I/ ,G5]AL ,KORNILOV'S M>* ON ,PETROGRAD 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#a#g7 & !N REFUS+ TO PAY ! SECOND ANNUAL 9/ALLM5T ( L& LEVIES TO ! BIG L&LORDS & KULAKS4 7,! AG5TS ( ! COALITION TRI$ 9 FACT TO WRE/ ! L& FROM ! PEASANTS1 9 ORD] TO HOLD IT = ! E/ATE-[N]S1 ALLEG$LY 9 DEF]5CE TO ! GOV]NM5T'S ADH]5CE TO ! /ATUS QUO P5D+ ! CONV5+ ( ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY :I* W\LD DECIDE ON ! MATT]74 

,! PEASANTS !N GOT UP & SEIZ$ ! E/ATES & LIVE/OCK ( ! POME%*IKS1 KULAKS1 MONA/]IES & ,/ATE HOLD+S3 9 SO DO+1 !Y ALWAYS SET UP LOCAL COMMITTEES TO MANAGE !SE ASSETS1 ) AN EYE TO %>+ !M \T AMONG ! V>I\S VILLAGES & COMMUNES4 

,AN 9/9CTIVE AN>*ISM CLE>LY ILLUM9$ ALL ! PLANS ( ! ,UKRA9E'S TOIL+ PEASANTRY1 :I* GAVE V5T TO AN UNDISGUIS$ HATR$ ( ALL ,/ATE AU?ORITY1 A FEEL+ ACCOMPANI$ BY A PLA9 AMBITION TO LIB]ATE !MSELVES4 ,! LATT]1 9DE$1 IS V]Y /RONG 9 ! PEASANTS3 9 ESS5CE IT BOILS D[N TO1 FIR/1 GETT+ RID ( ! B\RGEOIS AU?ORITIES LIKE ! G5D>M]IE1 ! MAGI/RATES S5T \T BY ! C5TRAL AU?ORITIES1 ETC4 ,?IS WAS PUT 9TO PRACTICE 9 MANY REGIONS 9 ! ,UKRA9E4 ,!RE >E EXAMPLES APL5TY ( ! WAY 9 :I* ! PEASANTS 9 ! PROV9CES ( ,EKAT]9OSLAV1 ,KH]SON1 ,POLTAVA1 ,KH>KOV & P>T ( ,TAVRIPOL DROVE ! G5D>M]IE \T ( !IR VILLAGES1 OR EV5 /RIPP$ IT ( ! RI<T TO MAKE >RE/S )\T ! SAY-SO ( ! PEASANT COMMITTEES & VILLAGE ASSEMBLIES4 ,! G5D>MES W\ND UP AS SIMPLY ! BE>]S ( ! DECISIONS !SE MADE4 ,IT WAS NOT LONG BE=E ! MAGI/RATES W]E R$UC$ TO LIKE BUS9ESS4 

,! PEASANTS !MSELVES SAT 9 JUDGM5T ( ALL (F5SES & DISPUTES AT VILLAGE ASSEMBLIES OR AT SPECIAL MEET+S1 !REBY D5Y+ ALL JURISDICTIONAL RI<TS TO ! MAGI/RATES APPO9T$ BY ! C5TRAL AU?ORITIES4 ,!SE MAGI/RATES SOMETIMES FELL SO F> FROM GRACE ?AT !Y W]E (T5 =C$ TO FLEE OR GO 9TO HID+4 

,SU* AN APPROA* BY ! PEASANTS TO !IR 9DIVIDUAL & SOCIAL RI<TS NATURALLY 9CL9$ !M TO FE> LE/ ! SLOGAN 0,ALL P[] TO ! SOVIETS0 TURN 9TO A ,/ATE P[]3 !SE FE>S W]E P]HAPS LESS PLA9LY EVID5T AMONG ! URBAN PROLET>IAT1 :I* WAS MORE UND] ! SWAY ( ! SOCIAL DEMOCRATS & ,BOL%EVIKS4 

,TO ! PEASANTS1 ! P[] ( LOCAL SOVIETS MEANT ! CONV]SION ( ?OSE BODIES 9TO AUTONOM\S T]RITORIAL UNITS1 ON ! BASIS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ASSOCIATION & SOCIO-ECONOMIC SELF-DIRECTION ( ! TOIL]S ) AN EYE TO ! CON/RUCTION ( A NEW SOCIETY4 ,PLAC+ ?AT SORT ( CON/RUCTION UPON ?AT SLOGAN1 ! PEASANTS APPLI$ IT LIT]ALLY1 EXP&$ UPON IT & DEF5D$ IT AGA9/ ! TRESPASSES ( ! ,RI<T ,S,RS1 ,CADETS 7LIB]ALS7 & ! MON>*I/ C\NT]-REVOLUTION>IES4 

,?US ,OCTOB] HAD NOT YET HAPP5$ :5 ! PEASANTS JUMP$ ! GUN BY REFUS+ 9 MANY REGIONS TO PAY ! F>M R5TS TO ! POME%*IKS & KULAKS1 !N1 HAV+ COLLECTIVELY SEIZ$ ! LATT]'S L& & LIVE/OCK1 DISPAT*+ DELEGATES TO ! URBAN PROLET>IAT TO COME TO SOME >RANGEM5T ) IT REG>D+ ! SEIZURE ( ! FACTORIES & FIRMS1 ! AIM BE+ TO E/ABLI% FRAT]NAL CONNECTIONS &1 JO9TLY1 BUILD ! NEW1 FREE SOCIETY ( TOIL]S4 

,AT ?IS PO9T1 ! PRACTICAL IMPLEM5TATION ( ! IDEAS ( 0,GREAT ,OCTOB]0 HAD NOT YET BE5 ESP\S$ BY ?OSE :O W\LD LAT] SUBSCRIBE TO IT1 ! ,BOL%EVIKS & ! ,LEFT ,S,RS3 IT WAS EV5 H>%LY CRITICIZ$ BY !IR GR\PS1 ORGANIZATIONS & C5TRAL COMMITTEES4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 AS F> AS ! ,UKRA9IAN PEASANTS W]E CONC]N$1 ,GREAT ,OCTOB]1 & ESPECIALLY ! /ATUS IT WAS AF=D$ 9 POLITICAL *RONOLOGY1 LOOK$ V]Y MU* LIKE A *APT] !Y HAD LONG S9CE MOV$ ON FROM4 

,DUR+ ! EV5TS 9 ,OCTOB]1 ! PROLET>IAT ( ,PETROGRAD1 ,MOSC[ & O!R L>GE CITIES1 AS WELL AS ! SOLDI]S & ! PEASANTS ADJAC5T TO ! T[NS1 UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( AN>*I/S1 ,BOL%EVIKS & ,LEFT ,S,RS1 M]ELY REGUL>IZ$ & GAVE MORE PRECISE POLITICAL EXPRESSION TO ?AT = :I* ! REVOLUTION>Y PEASANTRY ( MANY >EAS ( ! ,UKRA9E HAD BEGUN TO /RUGGLE ACTIVELY AS E>LY AS ! MON? ( ,AUGU/ #a#i#a#g1 & ?AT 9 HI<LY FAVORABLE CONDITIONS1 5JOY+1 AS !Y HAD1 ! BACK+ ( ! URBAN PROLET>IAT4 

,! REP]CUSSIONS ( ! PROLET>IAT'S V]SION ( ,OCTOB] REA*$ ! ,UKRA9E A MON? & A HALF LAT]4 ,! 9T5T BEH9D IT WAS EVID5T AT FIR/ FROM ! APPEALS FROM ! DELEGATES FROM ! SOVIETS & P>TIES1 !N FROM ! DECREES ( ! ,SOVIET ( ,PEOPLE'S ,COMMISS>S1 AB\T :I* ! ,UKRA9IAN PEASANTS W]E DIFFID5T1 HAV+ HAD NO P>T 9 !IR APPO9TM5TS4 

,IT WAS !N ?AT GR\PS ( ,R$ ,GU>DS %[$ UP 9 ! ,UKRA9E1 COM+ L>GELY FROM ,RUSSIA1 & ATTACK+ ! T[NS & COMMUNICATIONS C5T]S CONTROLL$ BY ! ,COSSACKS ( ! ,UKRA9IAN ,C5TRAL ,RADA4 ,! LATT] WAS SO 9FECT$ BY *AUV9ISM ?AT IT F\ND IT IMPOSSIBLE TO UND]/& ?AT ( ! LABOR+ POPULATION ( ! C\NTRY C\LD RELATE TO !IR BRE?R5 FROM ,RUSSIA1 NOR1 ABOVE ALL1 APPRECIATE ! REVOLUTION>Y SPIRIT AT L>GE AMONG ! TOIL+ POPULATION :I* /OOD READY TO FI<T = ITS SOCIAL & POLITICAL 9DEP5D5CE4 

,9 (F]+ ?IS ANALYSIS ( ,GREAT ,OCTOB] ON ?IS1 ! OCCASION ( ITS T5? ANNIV]S>Y1 WE \<T TO /RESS ?AT :AT WE ACCOMPLI%$ 9 ! ,UKRA9E WAS P]FECTLY 9 TUNE1 9 LATE #a#i#a#g1 ) ! ACTIONS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S 9 ,PETROGRAD1 ,MOSC[ & O!R GREAT CITIES 9 ,RUSSIA4 

,:IL/ TAK+ NOTE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y FAI? & 5?USIASM DISPLAY$ BY ! C\NTRYSIDE ( ! ,UKRA9E LONG BE=E ,OCTOB]1 WE RESPECT & HOLD 9 EV]Y BIT AS HI< REG>D ! DET]M9ATION & VIGOR DISPLAY$ BY ! ,RUSSIAN WORK]S1 PEASANTS & SOLDI]S DUR+ ! EV5TS ( ,OCTOB]4 

,9 REVIEW+ ! PA/1 WE CANNOT LET ! PRES5T GO UNREM>K$1 = IT IS B\ND UP ) ,OCTOB] ONE WAY OR ANO!R4 ,ALSO1 WE CAN ONLY /ATE \R PR(\ND DI/RESS AT ! FACT ?AT1 AFT] T5 YE>S1 ! IDEAS ?AT W]E FULLY EXPRESS$ 9 ,OCTOB] >E /ILL ! OBJECTS ( D]ISION FROM ! V]Y PEOPLE ?AT HAVE COME TO P[] & GOV]N$ ,RUSSIA S9CE 9 ! NAME ( ?OSE IDEAS4 

,WE EXPRESS \R SADD5$ SOLID>ITY TO ALL :O F\<T = ! TRIUMPH ( ,OCTOB] & >E CURR5TLY ROTT+ 9 PRISONS & CONC5TRATION CAMPS4 ,!IR SUFF]+S UND] TORTURE & FAM9E HAVE REA*$ US & COMPEL US TO FEEL A PR(\ND SORR[1 ON ?IS ! T5? ANNIV]S>Y ( ,OCTOB]1 9 PLACE ( ! USUAL JOY4 

,AS A MATT] ( REVOLUTION>Y DUTY1 WE RAISE \R VOICE ONCE AGA9 TO CRY ACROSS ! BORD]S ( ! ,U,S,S,R3 

,GIVE ! SONS ( ,OCTOB] !IR FRE$OM1 GIVE !M BACK !IR RI<TS TO ORGANIZE & TO SPREAD !IR IDEAS6 

,9 ! ABS5CE ( FRE$OM1 & RI<TS = ! TOIL]S & REVOLUTION>Y MILITANTS1 ! ,U,S,S,R IS SUFFOCAT+ & DO+ TO DEA? ! BE/ P>T ( ITSELF4 ,ITS 5EMIES >E DELI<T$ BY ?IS & >E MAK+ PREP>ATIONS WORLD-WIDE1 ) ! AID ( ALL POSSIBLE MEANS1 TO EXTIRPATE ! REVOLUTION &1 ) IT1 ! ,U,S,S,R4 

,DYELO ,TRUDA ,NO #b#i1 ,OCTOB] #a#i#b#g1 PP4 #i-#a#a4 

,FROM 3 ,SPUNK4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aibe 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,FEBRU>Y #g1 #bag 3 ,*APT] #a -- ,ADD$4 

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