,! ,!ORIZATION ,( ,HI/ORICAL ,EXP]I5CES 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON 

,TEXT 3 

,HI/ORY IS ONE MORE BATTLEFIELD AMONG ! MANY ?AT EXI/ 9 ! CLASS W>4 ,WE MU/ LE>N ! LESSONS ( ! DEFEATS ( ! PROLET>IAT1 BECAUSE !Y >E ! MILE/ONES ( VICTORY4 

,HI/ORY IS ONE MORE BATTLEFIELD AMONG ! MANY ?AT EXI/ 9 ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,IT IS NOT JU/ A MATT] ( RECOV]+ ! MEMORY ( ! CLASS /RUGGLES ( ! PA/1 BUT ALSO ( FI<T+ = HI/ORY FROM ! REVOLUTION>Y PO9T ( VIEW1 ?AT IS1 FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! DEF5SE ( ! HI/ORICAL 9T]E/S ( ! PROLET>IAT1 :I* CAN BE NO?+ ELSE ?AN ?AT ( ! ,!,O,R,I,Z,A,T,I,O,N ( ! HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CES ( ! 9T]NATIONAL WORK]S MOVEM5T4 ,NEI!R ! ECONOMY1 NOR LIT]ATURE1 NOR C9EMA1 NOR POLITICS1 NOR HI/ORY1 NOR ANY O!R FIELD ( CULTURE IS NEUTRAL1 NOR CAN ANY ( !M EV] BE NEUTRAL1 9 A SOCIETY ?AT IS DIVID$ 9TO CLASSES1 BECAUSE !Y COMPRISE A RU?LESS BATTLEFIELD4 

,WE >E SPEAK+ ( ! UND]/&+ & ! DEF5SE ( ! HI/ORICAL 9T]E/S ( ! PROLET>IAT1 H]E & 9 ,BEIJ+1 9 ,NEW ,YORK1 & 9 ,S5EGAL1 EV]Y:]E4 ,WE >E SPEAK+ ( ! HI/ORICAL 9T]E/S ( ! PROLET>IAT ( TODAY1 ( YE/]DAY & ( ! FUTURE1 UNTIL ITS EXT9CTION AS A CLASS4 ,WE >E SPEAK+ ( \R 7PROLET>IAN7 HI/ORY3 REAL & MAT]IALI/2 AS OPPOS$ TO !IR 7B\RGEOIS7 HI/ORY3 FALSIFI$ & IDEALI/4 

,IT IS NOT ONLY AB\T RECOV]+ ! MEMORY ( ?OSE :O W]E DEFEAT$ 9 ! CIVIL W>1 NOR IS IT JU/ AB\T PAY+ HOMAGE TO ?OSE :O W]E VICTIMS ( REPRESSION UND] ,FRANCOISM1 NOR IS IT A MATT] ( HANG+ PLAQUES OR BUILD+ MONUM5TS1 OR ( E/ABLI%+ PLACES = M$ITATION OR MEMORY1 OR EV5 ( REFUT+ ! IDEOLOGICAL AB]RATIONS ( ! RI<T 7( ! NEO-,FRANCOI/ S*OOL ( HI/ORIOGRAPHY1 OR ! ,CATALANI/ HI/ORIOGRAPHY ( ,MIQUEL ,MIR71 OR FABRICAT+ CON/RUCTS RATIONALIZ+ ! REE/ABLI%$ DEMOCRACY1 AS PRACTIC$ BY ! LEFT 7! LIB]AL TYPE ( HI/ORIOGRAPHY ( ,ANGEL ,V9AS1 OR ! NEO-,/AL9I/ V>IETY ( ,F]RAN ,GALLEGO74 ,NOR IS IT AB\T MANUFACTUR+ PROLET>IAN SUP]M5 OR IDOLS1 OR ( RECORD+ ! C\RT HI/ORY ( K+S & NOBLES1 OV]LOOK+ ! PEASANT REBELLIONS2 9 ! CURR5T V]SION ( ! LATT] MODEL1 9 ! =M ( A COMIC BOOK DEPICT+ ! /RUGGLES ( GOOD & H]OIC WORK+ CLASS LEAD]S AGA9/ EVIL TRAITOR\S BUREAUCRATS1 *>ACT]IZ$ BY ! ABSOLUTE ABS5CE ( ! DULL-WITT$ & AMORPH\S MASSES4 ,MU* MORE IMPORTANT ?AN ALL !SE ?+S IS ! FACT ?AT1 9 ! 5D1 !Y CAN ALL BE SUMM>IZ$ AS JU/IFY+ ! MURD]S COMMITT$ 9 ! W> ( EXT]M9ATION WAG$ BY ! ,FRANCOI/S2 OR ELSE 9 ! SANCTIFICATION & EULOGIZATION ( ! 0GLORI\S1 H]OIC & T]RIBLE0 DEFEAT ( ! ANTI-FASCI/S2 & ALWAYS1 9 ! EULOGY DELIV]$ CONC]N+ ! REPRESSION ( ! REVOLUTION>IES1 EV5 IF IT IS ALWAYS MORE EFFECTIVE & ! USUAL PRACTICE TO UND]E/IMATE OR EV5 D5Y !IR EXI/5CE4 

,IT IS NOT A MATT] ( WOR%IP+ OLD MY?S1 :E!R !Y >E NAM$ ,N9 OR ,DURRUTI1 OR ( RAIS+ ALT>S :]E NEW H]OES CAN BE SANCTIFI$1 :E!R ,BALIUS OR ,SA9T-SOMEBODY-OR-ANO!R4 ,IT IS MORE IMPORTANT TO PO9T \T ! MI/AKES !Y MADE1 OR TO UNCOV] !IR DEFECTS1 :I* W]E ?OSE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T ( !IR TIME4 ,! MY? ( ,N9 OR ,DURRUTI IS ( NO USE TO US AT ALL1 :]EAS !IR %ORTCOM+S & MI/AKES >E USEFUL1 BECAUSE !Y TEA* US SOME?+4 ,! MY?S ( YE/]DAY >E ! *A9S ( TODAY2 TO REVEAL !IR ]RORS ALL[S US TO ADVANCE BEYOND ! PO9T :]E !Y FAIL$4 

,TO ?9K AB\T OR TO WRITE HI/ORY IS AS IMPORTANT & AS SIMPLE AS TO DRAW ! LESSONS ( ! ,SPANI% ,W>1 :I* P]TA9 TO ! REVOLUTION>Y ALT]NATIVE ( ! PROLET>IAT1 9 #a#i#c#f4 ,TO PUT IT ANO!R WAY1 IT IS A MATT] ( !ORIZ+ ! HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CES ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,:Y8 ,BECAUSE ! PROLET>IAT CAN ONLY LE>N FROM ITS [N EXP]I5CE & ITS [N /RUGGLES1 S9CE IT HAS NO O!R S*OOL ?AN ! HI/ORICAL LABORATORY4 ,M>XISM IS NO?+ ELSE ?AN ?AT3 ! !ORIZATION ( ! HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CES ( ! PROLET>IAT1 & ( ITS EXI/5CE AS AN EXPLOIT$ CLASS 9 CAPITALISM4 ,AL?\< IT IS POSSIBLE ?AT SOME PEOPLE MAY ?9K ?AT ,M>XISM IS ! SACR$ WRIT+S ( A BRILLIANT 9DIVIDUAL :O LIV$ 9 ! #a#i? C5TURY1 RA!R ?AN HIS ME?OD ( ANALYSIS4 

,:AT LESSONS CAN WE LE>N FROM ! CIVIL W>8 

,! CAPITALI/ /ATE1 BO? 9 ITS DEMOCRATIC AS WELL AS ITS FASCI/ =M1 MU/ BE DE/ROY$4 ,! PROLET>IAT CANNOT MAKE ANY DEALS ) ! REPUBLICAN 7OR DEMOCRATIC7 B\RGEOISIE 9 ORD] TO DEFEAT ! FASCI/ B\RGEOISIE1 BECAUSE SU* A DEAL ALREADY IMPLIES ! DEFEAT ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ALT]NATIVE1 & ! R5UNCIATION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM ( ! PROLET>IAT 7& ( ! PROLET>IAT'S [N ME?ODS ( /RUGGLE71 9 ORD] TO ADOPT ! PROGRAM ( ANTI-FASCI/ UNITY ) ! DEMOCRATIC B\RGEOISIE1 = ! PURPOSE ( W9N+ ! W> AGA9/ FASCISM4 

,! REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM ( ! PROLET>IAT CONSI/S 9 ! 9T]NATIONALIZATION ( ! REVOLUTION1 ! SOCIALIZATION ( ! ECONOMY1 ! E/ABLI%M5T ( SOLID F\NDATIONS = ! SUPPRESSION ( VALUE & WAGE LABOR ON A WORLD SCALE1 CONTROL OV] ! W> & ! WORK+ CLASS MILITIAS BY ! PROLET>IAT1 ! C\NCILI/ ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY & ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT OV] ! B\RGEOIS & PETTY-B\RGEOIS SOCIAL LAY]S1 9 ORD] TO CRU% ! 9EVITABLE >M$ RESPONSE ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,! PR9CIPAL !ORETICAL A*IEVEM5T ( ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI WAS TO AFFIRM ! TOTALIT>IAN NATURE ( ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION4 ,IT IS TOTALIT>IAN1 ?AT IS1 TOTAL1 BECAUSE IT MU/ TAKE PLACE 9 EV]Y DOMA93 SOCIAL1 ECONOMIC1 POLITICAL1 CULTURAL 444 & 9 EV]Y C\NTRY1 ABOLI%+ ALL NATIONAL BORD]S2 & IT IS ALSO AU?ORIT>IAN1 BECAUSE IT MILIT>ILY CONFRONTS ! CLASS 5EMY4 

,! ABS5CE ( A P>TY CAPABLE ( DEF5D+ ! HI/ORICAL PROGRAM ( ! PROLET>IAT WAS DECISIVE1 BECAUSE IT ALL[$ ALL ! WORK+ CLASS ORGANIZATIONS TO ASSUME ! B\RGEOIS PROGRAM ( ANTI-FASCI/ UNITY 7! SACR$ UNION ( ! WORK+ CLASS ) ! DEMOCRATIC & REPUBLICAN B\RGEOISIE71 ) ! EXCLUSIVE GOAL ( W9N+ ! W> AGA9/ FASCISM4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>DS ?AT DID >ISE1 DID SO TOO LATE & 9EFFECTIVELY1 & W]E CRU%$ 9 !IR ATTEMPT1 :I* WAS ONLY VAGUELY \TL9$1 TO PRES5T A REVOLUTION>Y ALT]NATIVE1 CAPABLE ( BREAK+ ) ! B\RGEOIS OPTION ( *OOS+ BETWE5 FASCISM & ANTI-FASCISM4 

,F]REIRO'S CRITIQUE ( ,DEVESA.<#a.> IS !RE=E V]Y 9T]E/+ ) REG>D TO C]TA9 FUNDAM5TAL ISSUES 7LEAD]%IP71 BUT ON SOME OCCASIONS TAKES A TURN T[>DS :AT WE CAN ONLY CALL IDEALI/ T]RA9S4 ,FUR!RMORE1 WE CONFESS WE CANNOT UND]/& ?IS3 :AT >E WE TO MAKE ( ! P>T :]E HE SAYS ?AT AU?ORITY 0IS A SOCIAL EXPRESSION ( ! PREVAIL+ SUBJECTIVITY AS A :OLE1 & ( ITS PROCESS ( =MATION BY WAY ( PSY*O-SOCIAL 9T]ACTION1 BY WAY ( PRAXIS08 ,NO ONE UND]/&S ?IS1 IT SEEMS TO HAVE BE5 WRITT5 9 ,SANSKRIT4 ,& IF IT DOES SAY :AT ,I ?9K IT SAYS1 IT IS A TAUTOLOGY4 

,NOR DO ,I UND]/& :AT HE MEANS BY 0! HI/ORICAL CON/ITUTION ( PROLET>IAN SUBJECTIVITY04 ,:AT DOES HE MEAN :5 HE SAYS ?AT 0\R PROBLEM IS NOT '! DOME/ICATION ( MEMORY' 7,DEVESA71 BUT ! DOME/ICATION ( \R SPIRITS08 ,I DO NOT UND]/& ?IS 5?USIASM = ! USE ( ! WORD 0DOME/ICATION01 :E!R AFFECT+ ! MEMORY OR ! SPIRIT4 ,:AT WE >E DEAL+ ) H]E 7FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( A MAT]IALI/ & HI/ORICAL WORLDVIEW7 IS A S+LE CLASS W>1 :I* CAN BE F\<T ON DIV]SE BATTLEFIELDS1 AMONG :I* WE HAVE TO *OOSE1 AMONG SO MANY *OICES1 )\T R5\NC+ ANY ( !M1 TO FI<T ON ! BATTLEFIELD ( ! HI/ORY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T4 ,I DO NOT UND]/& ?IS BUS9ESS AB\T DOME/ICATION1 :I* S\NDS LIKE ?+S ?AT W]E DONE DUR+ ! ,NEOLI?IC ]A3 ! DOME/ICATION ( ! DOG1 ( ! HORSE1 ( ! C[1 ( ! DONKEY1 ETC4 ,DOME/ICATIONS ( AN IDEALI/ TYPE1 :E!R ( ! MEMORY OR ! M9D1 >E TOTALLY 9COMPREH5SIBLE & ALI5 7) ! P]MISSION ( ,DIETZG57 = A MAT]IALI/ A!I/1 :I* IS H[ ,F]REIRO ID5TIFIES HIMSELF4 

,ROI DIGRESSES CONC]N+ A FUNDAM5TAL QUE/ION1 :I* HE POSES ) CL>ITY1 BUT :I* HE DOES NOT ANSW] CORRECTLY4 ,?IS QUE/ION IS ?AT ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS & ! CON/ITUTION ( ! CLASS AS A P>TY4 ,F]REIRO SAYS1 9 HIS [N V>IETY ( MOD]NI/ & ELITI/ J>GON3 0444 ! REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI\SNESS ?AT DEVELOPS 9 ?IS /RUGGLE = AN AU!NTIC REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T 444 BEG9S ) A M9ORITY4444 ,?US1 ! NE$ & ! PROBLEM >ISE ( H[ TO CON/ITUTE ?IS M9ORITY AS A =CE CAPABLE ( OV]COM+ ?IS SELF-ALI5ATION ( ! MASSES & !RE=E ALSO ! PROBLEM ( H[ TO ORGANIZE IT4 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 BETWE5 ! RECOGNITION ( ! PROBLEM & ITS RESOLUTION AN 5TIRE PROCESS ( ! DEVELOPM5T ( CONSCI\SNESS 9T]V5ES1 BO? 9 ITS ASPECT ( RECOGNITION ( ! PREVAIL+ REALITY AS WELL AS 9 ITS ASPECT AS A CREATIVE PROJECTION ( SUBJECTIVE NE$S1 CREAT+ =MS ( ACTIVITY ?AT >E CONSI/5T ) !IR CONSCI\S GOALS4 ,& H]E LIES A KEY PROBLEM3 ?IS DEVELOPM5T CANNOT BE UND]TAK5 DUR+ ! REVOLUTION>Y HI< PO9T )\T BECOM+ AN EASY T>GET = ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y =CES4 ,!RE IS NOT TIME1 !N1 = ?IS MATURATION 7NOTE ! CASE ( ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 TO GIVE ONE EXAMPLE71 EV5 ASSUM+ ?AT ! EVOLUTION ( SUBJECTIVITY W\LD HAVE PROCE$$ F> 5\< TO TAKE ?IS /EP40 ,!RE CAN BE NO D\BT ?AT ?IS M9ORITY ?AT ,F]REIRO IS TALK+ AB\T IS :AT ,M>XI/ !ORY CALLS 0! ORGANIZATION ( ! REVOLUTION>IES0 OR 0! P>TY04 ,& ,F]REIRO IS UND\BT$LY CORRECT 9 HIS CRITIQUES ( ,DEVESA1 BUT NOT 9 HIS [N CONCLUSIONS4 

,9 REALITY1 CLASS CONSCI\SNESS IS A PRODUCT ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 DET]M9$ BY ! ANTAGONISM ( MAT]IAL 9T]E/S1 & ! DEVELOPM5T ( ?IS CONSCI\SNESS PROCE$S 9 P>ALLEL ) ?AT ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,! P>TY 7OR MORE PRECISELY1 ! V>I\S P>TIES1 GR\PS OR VANGU>DS ( ! P>TY ( ! PROLET>IAT7 CANNOT >ISE 9 A C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y P]IOD4 ,! WORK+ CLASS IS REVOLUTION>Y OR IT IS NO?+4 ,! P>TY IS A DIALECTICAL PRODUCT ( ! DEVELOPM5T ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS & !RE=E AN ACTIVE FACTOR 9 ?IS PROCESS4 ,! P>TY >ISES AS A NECESSITY 9 ! DEVELOPM5T ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS4 ,AL?\< ! P>TY & ! CLASS >E RELAT$ ORGANICALLY1 & >E COMPLEM5T>Y1 !Y >E NOT ID5TICAL1 & MU/ NOT BE CONFUS$ ) EA* O!R4 ,! P>TY IS ! HI<E/ EXPRESSION ( ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! PROLET>IAT1 9 BO? ITS HI/ORICAL & POLITICAL DIM5SIONS4 ,! P>TY ( ! PROLET>IAT IS ONLY ONE P>T ( ! CLASS1 & PRECISELY ?AT P>T :I* C>RIES \T ! CLE>E/ ANALYSIS ( ! SITUATION4 ,OR1 EXPRESS$ 9 EV5 SIMPL] T]MS3 ! P>TY IS NO?+ BUT ! NECESS>Y ORGANIZATION ( ! REVOLUTION>IES2 & = ?AT V]Y REASON1 9 A REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION DIFF]5T ORGANIZATIONS1 T5D5CIES OR AFF9ITY GR\PS ( ! PROLET>IAT APPE>1 :I* 9 !IR TOTALITY CON/ITUTE ! P>TY ( ! PROLET>IAT1 9 ANTAGONI/IC /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! P>TY ( CAPITAL & ! /ATE 7:I* IS ALSO CON/ITUT$ BY DIFF]5T GR\PS & ORGANIZATIONS74 

,! FUNDAM5TAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! POLITICAL *OICES ( MAT]IALI/S & IDEALI/S RESIDES 9 !IR DIFF]+ CONCEPTIONS ( ! P>TY & ITS FUNCTIONS4 ,= ! MAT]IALI/S ! P>TY IS AN ACTIVE FACTOR 9 HI/ORY1 BUT IT IS ALSO ! PRODUCT ( HI/ORY 7,M>X74 ,= ! IDEALI/S ! P>TY IS AN ACTIVE FACTOR = ! TRANS=MATION ( SOCIETY & HI/ORY1 PRACTICALLY )\T ANY CONNECTION TO ! ACTUAL SOCIAL & HI/ORICAL SITUATION2 ! P>TY IS ABOVE ALL ELSE ! WILL ( ITS MILITANTS 7,TROTSKY74 ,H5CE ! ESS5TIAL DET]M9ISM ( ! MAT]IALI/S & ! VOLUNT>ISM ( ! IDEALI/S4 

,9 ,! ,G]MAN ,IDEOLOGY COMMUNISM IS DEF9$ AS 0! REAL MOVEM5T ?AT OV]TURNS ! EXI/+ /ATE ( AFFAIRS02 & REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI\SNESS IS SITUAT$ 9 ! EXI/5CE ( A REVOLUTION>Y CLASS1 AS A HI/ORICAL CONSEQU5CE ( ! EXPLOITATION ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 CAPITALISM4 ,! CONT9UITY ( !SE IDEAS ) ! 0,!SES ON ,FEU]BA*01 9 :I* IT IS SAID ?AT 0IT IS ESS5TIAL TO $UCATE ! $UCATOR HIMSELF01 IS ALSO EVID5T4 ,9 BO? WORKS ,M>X HAD ALREADY REJECT$ ! 0SAVIORS0 ( ! PROLET>IAT1 ALL ?OSE :O ?\<T ?AT COMMUNI/ & REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI\SNESS IS BR\<T TO ! HUMBLE WORK]S FROM \TSIDE ! WORK+ CLASS1 BY 9TELLECTUALS & H]OES ?AT NO ONE NE$S4 ,9 ! BE/ CASES1 ! H]OES >E ! FRUIT ( ! WEAKNESSES1 OR ! DEFEAT1 ( ! WORK+ CLASS2 ! EXALTATION OR SANCTIFICATION ( PROLET>IAN H]OES ONLY LEADS TO ! /R5G!N+ & CONSOLIDATION ( ! ]RORS & WEAK PO9TS ( ! WORK]S MOVEM5T1 :5 :AT IS URG5T & ESS5TIAL IS TO ID5TIFY !SE ]RORS & WEAKNESSES1 /UDY !M1 & ]ADICATE !M4 

,WE !RE=E REJECT ! MESSIANISM ( ! P>TY1 & D5Y IT POSSESSES A LEAD]%IP ROLE ?AT HAS ALWAYS L$ TO ! SUB/ITUTION ( ! P>TY = ! CLASS4 ,WE EMPHASIZE ! EM95TLY P$AGOGICAL1 EXEMPL>Y1 HI/ORICAL1 ANONYM\S & UNIV]SAL *>ACT] ( ! P>TY1 :I* >ISES FROM )9 ! PROLET>IAT1 & :I* MU/ ASSUME1 AMONG O!R MISSIONS1 ! TASK ( !ORIZ+ ! REVOLUTION>Y EXP]I5CES ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 :E!R PA/ OR PRES5T4 

,! =CE ( ?IS CONSCI\SNESS1 )9 ! PROLET>IAT1 IS CONT9UALLY OB/RUCT$ BY ! WEI<T ( ! IDEOLOGIES ( ! RUL+ CLASS1 :I* 9 ALL CULTURAL FIELDS1 9CLUD+ ?AT ( HI/ORY1 HAS AT ITS DISPOSAL ALL ! RES\RCES ( ! /ATE1 ( ! UNIV]SITIES & RESE>* 9/ITUTES1 ( ! PRESS & COMMUNICATIONS M$IA1 ( ! PUBLI%+ 9DU/RY1 ( ! C>E] 9TELLECTUALS1 ( ! NETWORKS ( PUBLICITY & DI/RIBUTION1 BOOK/ORES1 ETC41 9 ORD] TO IMPOSE1 9 ! CASE ( HI/ORIOGRAPHY1 ! (FICIAL V]SION ( HI/ORY AS ! ONLY 0AU!NTIC0 HI/ORY4 ,?IS CON/ITUTES AN ATTEMPT TO BR+ AB\T A SITUATION 9 :I*1 IF HI/ORIOGRAPHY IGNORES SOME?+1 !N IT IS AS IF IT NEI!R EXI/S NOR HAS EV] EXI/$4 ,IF ACADEMIC HI/ORIOGRAPHY D5IES ! EXI/5CE ( A REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION 9 ,SPA9 9 #a#i#c#f1 A TIME WILL COME1 :5 ! G5]ATION ?AT LIV$ DUR+ ! CIVIL W> HAS DI$1 :5 ?IS WILL BE AN UNAPPEALABLE DOGMA1 ) ! P]V]SE OBJECTIVE ( COV]+ UP ! EXI/5CE ( AN IMPORTANT EPISODE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y HI/ORY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,! SAME ?+ HAPP5S 9 ALL O!R IDEOLOGICAL & CULTURAL FIELDS4 ,9 ,SPA9 !RE >E TWO S*OOLS ( B\RGEOIS HI/ORIOGRAPHY ?AT /& OPPOS$ TO EA* O!R1 BUT :OSE BASIC IDEAS CO9CIDE1 ?AT IS1 9 !IR DEF5SE ( ! /ATE & CAPITALI/ SOCIETY4 ,!Y >E ! NEO-,FRANCOI/ & NEO-,/AL9I/-LIB]AL S*OOLS ( HI/ORIOGRAPHY4 ,ONE C\LD EV5 FUR!R BREAK D[N ! /UDY ( ?IS PH5OM5ON 9TO SUB-CATEGORIES SU* AS ,CATALANI/ OR ,REPUBLICAN1 ALWAYS ) DUE RESPECT TO ! /ATE & CAPITALI/ SOCIETY4 ,SOME1 ! ,/AL9I/S & LIB]ALS1 *OOSE TO DEF5D DEMOCRACY2 O!RS1 SU* AS ! NEO-,FRANCOI/S1 ALSO MAKE ! SAME *OICE1 BUT ALSO JU/IFY ! NE$ = & HI/ORICAL VALUE ( ,FRANCOISM4 ,BO? ( !M1 9 ! CASE ( GRAVE DANG] TO ! DEMOCRATIC OR /ATE F\NDATIONS1 W\LD ADVOCATE ! RESORT TO TOTALIT>IANISM & REPRESSION ( ! PROLET>IAT1 & >E UNIT$ 9 A S+LE S*OOL ( HI/ORIOGRAPHY ( ! 0DEMOCRATIC IDEOLOGY1 9 DEF5SE ( CAPITALISM04 

,!RE WILL1 ( C\RSE1 BE DIFF]5CES ) REG>D TO NUANCES2 & SOME1 SU* AS ! LIB]AL-,/AL9I/S1 REPUBLICANS OR SOCIAL DEMOCRATS W\LD PROPOSE SELECTIVE & TEMPOR>Y REPRESSIVE MEASURES2 :ILE O!RS1 ! NEO-,FRANCOI/S & FASCI/S1 = EXAMPLE1 W\LD IMPOSE P]MAN5T & G5]ALIZ$ REPRESSIVE MEASURES4 ,BO? FACTIONS ( CAPITALISM1 H[EV]1 BO? ! LEFT AS WELL AS ! RI<T1 CO9CIDE 9 !IR FUNDAM5TAL DEMOCRATIC & C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y DEF5SE ( ! CAPITALI/ SY/EM1 BY WAY ( ! BRUTAL REPRESSION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S MOVEM5T4 ,IT IS FUR!RMORE QUITE POSSIBLE ?AT1 9 A NOT-SO-DI/ANT FUTURE1 AS A RESULT ( UNEMPLOYM5T & ECONOMIC DEPRESSION1 & 9 RESPONSE TO ?IS PR(\ND ECONOMIC1 POLITICAL & SOCIAL CRISIS1 !RE WILL BE A REGIME *ANGE ( A REPUBLICAN *>ACT] 9 :I* ALL ! DEF5D]S ( CAPITALISM WILL TAKE P>T1 ONCE ! OBSOLETE DIFF]5CES BETWE5 ,FRANCOI/S & ANTI-,FRANCOI/S HAVE BE5 OV]COME1 DUE TO ! PASSAGE ( TIME S9CE ! ]A ( ! CIVIL W> & ! ,FRANCOI/ DICTATOR%IP1 = ! COMMON GOAL ( CRU%+ ! REVOLUTION>IES4 ,?IS DEVIATION ( ! ANTI-CAPITALI/ /RUGGLES ( ! PROLET>IAT 9TO ! *ANNELS ( ! ANTI-MON>*ICAL 7#a#i#c#a71 ANTI-FASCI/ 7#a#i#c#f71 OR ANTI-,FRANCOI/ 7#a#i#g#f7 /RUGGLES IS A FREQU5TLY UTILIZ$ RES\RCE1 :I* (T5 HAS A C]TA9 AM\NT ( EFFECTIV5ESS AT FIR/1 AT LEA/ 9 ! IDEOLOGICAL DOMA94 ,! LEFT & RI<T ( CAPITAL ALWAYS COMPLEM5T ONE ANO!R1 LIKE A HAMM] & AN ANVIL1 TO CRU% ! PROLET>IAT4 

,! CON/ITUTION ( ! PROLET>IAT AS A CLASS IS A HI/ORICAL PROCESS ( /RUGGLES1 9 :I* ! PROLET>IAT CAN APPE> AS A RES]VE =CE = ! REVOLUTION>Y B\RGEOISIE2 OR IT CAN BE A =CE = PROGRESS1 9 ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! SOCIO-POLITICAL =CES ( FEUDALISM2 BUT IT CAN ALSO >ISE AS A =CE ?AT AIMS AT ! DE/RUCTION ( ! B\RGEOIS /ATE1 CON/RUCT+ ITS [N ORGANS ( WORK+ CLASS P[]2 ! ,SOVIETS 9 ,RUSSIA 7#a#i#e & #a#i#a#g71 ! C\NCILS 9 ,G]MANY 7#a#i#a#i-#a#i#b7 & ! COMMITTEE-GOV]N+ BODIES ( ,SPA9 7#a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#g74 

,! DISAPPE>ANCE ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 ! CLASSLESS SOCIETY CAN ONLY BE A RESULT ( ITS CON/ITUTION AS A RUL+ CLASS2 BUT ?IS WILL ALWAYS BE ! OPTIMI/IC HYPO!SIS1 ?AT IS (T5 PAIR$ ) ! PESSIMI/IC HYPO!SIS & A DISA/R\S \TCOME3 B>B>ISM4 

,! HI/ORY ( ! CON/ITUTION ( ! CLASS AS P>TY IS ! HI/ORY ( ! =MAL P>TIES1 GR\PS & VANGU>DS ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,= ,F]REIRO ! REVOLUTION FAIL$ 9 #aicf BECAUSE !RE WAS NO P>TY1 :I* IS NOT 5TIRELY CORRECT1 BECAUSE ! P>TY ITSELF IS NOT AN UNDET]M9$ ELEM5T4 ,! REVOLUTION FAIL$ 9 ,SPA9 9 #aicf BECAUSE ! ANTAGONISM BETWE5 ! ,IB]IAN PROLET>IAT & B\RGEOISIE WAS NOT 9T5SE & CONSCI\S 5\< DUR+ ! #a#i#bS & #a#i#cS TO CAUSE ! EM]G5CE ( ! P>TY ( ! PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION & TO MAKE POSSIBLE ! C\NCILI/ ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY4 ,! WEAK REVOLUTION>Y M9ORITIES ?AT DID >ISE1 DID SO TOO LATE & 9EFFECTIVELY2 ! COMMITTEE-GOV]N+ BODIES W]E 9CAPABLE ( COORD9AT+ !IR EF=TS & PRES5T+ !MSELVES AS A VALID REVOLUTION>Y ALT]NATIVE4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ?IS WEAKNESS ( ! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT WAS DUE TO ! FACT ?AT ! WORLD REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS1 :I* HAD BEGUN 9 #a#i#e1 HAD ALREADY BE5 DEFEAT$ 9T]NATIONALLY 9 ! #a#i#bS4 

,F]REIRO TELLS US ?AT 0IT IS NOT A MATT] ( KN[+ HI/ORY1 BUT ( MAK+ HI/ORY01 & ONCE AGA9 SAYS ?AT !ORY & PRACTICE MU/ NOT BE SEP>AT$4 ,BUT :5 ,F]REIRO SAYS ?AT IT IS NOT A MATT] ( KN[+ HI/ORY1 BUT ( MAK+ IT1 HE IS SEP>AT+ !ORY FROM PRACTICE4 ,:O MAKES HI/ORY = ! CURR5T G5]ATIONS1 O!R ?AN ?OSE :O WRITE IT8 ,F]REIRO IS SPEAK+1 ( C\RSE1 ( ACTIVE 5GAGEM5T 9 HI/ORY1 SEP>AT+ ACTION FROM !ORY4 ,F]REIRO DOES NOT UND]/& ?AT KN[+1 DISSEM9AT+ & EXT5D+ ! KN[L$GE ( REVOLUTION>Y HI/ORY1 REFUT+ ! FALLACIES & DI/ORTIONS ?AT >E WRITT5 BY B\RGEOIS HI/ORIOGRAPHY1 REVEAL+ ! AU!NTIC HI/ORY ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 WRIT+ FROM ! PO9T ( VIEW ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT1 IS ALREADY 9 ITSELF A =M ( COMBAT = HI/ORY4 ,IT IS A BATTLE ?AT =MS P>T ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 LIKE ANY WILDCAT /RIKE1 OR ,! ,COMMUNI/ ,MANIFE/O1 ! OCCUPATION ( ! FACTORIES1 A REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION1 OR ,CAPITAL4 ,! PROLET>IAT1 9 ORD] TO APPROPRIATE ITS PA/1 MU/ COMBAT ! ,/AL9I/1 ,CATALANI/1 LIB]AL & NEO-,FRANCOI/ VIEWS4 ,! PROLET>IAN BATTLE TO KN[ ITS [N HI/ORY IS ONE BATTLE1 AMONG MANY O!RS1 9 ! ONGO+ CLASS W>4 ,IT IS NOT PURELY !ORETICAL1 OR AB/RACT OR BANAL1 BECAUSE IT =MS P>T ( CLASS CONSCI\SNESS ITSELF1 & IS DEF9$ AS ! !ORIZATION ( ! HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CES ( ! PROLET>IAT4 

,! PROLET>IAT1 9 ORD] TO BE VICTORI\S1 NE$S AN EV]-HI<] LEVEL ( CORRECT CONSCI\SNESS ( REALITY & ITS PROCESS ( BECOM+4 ,ONLY ) A CRITICAL CONSCI\SNESS1 ELABORAT$ 9 ! RIGOR\S /UDY ( ! EXP]I5CES ( PA/ /RUGGLES1 CAN ! PROLET>IAT ADVANCE T[>DS ITS GOALS4 ,! COMMEMORATION ( ! DEA?S ( ITS MILITANTS1 OR ( ! MASSACRES SUFF]$ BY ! PROLET>IAT1 CAN NEV] BE1 = REVOLUTION>IES1 A RELIGI\S ACT1 OR ONE ( HOMAGE & 9DIVIDUALI/ MEMORY4 ,! ,I,M,P,O,R,T,A,N,T ,?,+ ,I,S ,T,O ,L,E,>,N ,! ,L,E,S,S,O,N,S ,( ,! ,B,L,O,O,D,Y ,D,E,F,E,A,T,S ,( ,! ,P,R,O,L,E,T,>,I,A,T1 ,B,E,C,A,U,S,E ,!,S,E ,D,E,F,E,A,T,S ,>,E ,! ,M,I,L,E,/,O,N,E,S ,( ,V,I,C,T,O,R,Y4 

,! PROLET>IAT IS ?R[N 9TO ! CLASS /RUGGLE DUE TO ITS V]Y NATURE AS A CLASS ( EXPLOIT$ WAGE LABOR]S1 )\T ! NE$ = ANYONE TO TEA* IT ANY?+2 ! PROLET>IAT FI<TS BECAUSE IT NE$S TO SURVIVE4 ,:5 ! PROLET>IAT CON/ITUTES ITSELF AS A P>TY1 CONFRONT+ ! P>TY ( CAPITAL1 IT NE$S TO ASSIMILATE ! EXP]I5CES ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 9 ORD] TO DRAW CONSCI\SNESS FROM !M1 & OBTA9 /R5G? FROM HI/ORICAL CONQUE/S1 BO? PRACTICAL AS WELL AS !ORETICAL1 & OV]COME ! 9EVITABLE ]RORS1 CRITICALLY CORRECT ! MI/AKES COMMITT$1 RE9=CE ITS POLITICAL POSITIONS BY WAY ( ! AW>5ESS ( ITS 9SUFFICI5CIES & %ORTCOM+S & COMPLETE ITS PROGRAM2 & F9ALLY1 TO RESOLVE ! UNRESOLV$ PROBLEMS ( ! MOM5T3 IT NE$S TO LE>N ! LESSONS ?AT HI/ORY ITSELF TEA*ES US4 ,& ?IS $UCATION CAN ONLY TAKE PLACE 9 ! PRACTICE ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE ( ! V>I\S AFF9ITY GR\PS &_/OR =MAL P>TIES4 

,!RE >E NO SEP>ATE & DI/9CT ECONOMIC OR POLITICAL /RUGGLES1 9 !IR [N WAT]TI<T COMP>TM5TS4 ,EV]Y ECONOMIC /RUGGLE IS AT ! SAME TIME1 9 TODAY'S CAPITALI/ SOCIETY1 A POLITICAL /RUGGLE1 & ALSO A /RUGGLE = CLASS ID5TITY4 ,! CRITIQUE ( POLITICAL ECONOMY1 AS WELL AS ! CRITIQUE ( (FICIAL HI/ORY1 ! CRITICAL ANALYSIS ( ! PRES5T1 SABOTAGE & A WILDCAT /RIKE1 >E BATTLES 9 ! SAME CLASS W>4 ,9 ALL ( !M1 & 9 EA* P>TICUL> ONE ( !SE BATTLES1 CLASS CONSCI\SNESS IS CREAT$1 & ! PROCESS ( TRANS=MATION ( ! CLASS 9TO A P>TY 7ANTAGONI/IC TO ! P>TY ( CAPITAL7 IS FUR!R$4 

,!RE=E1 ,DEVESA'S ANALYSIS IS A GOOD CRITIQUE ( (FICIAL HI/ORY & H[ IT HAS MY/IFI$ ! REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS 9 ,SPA9 9 #a#i#c#f1 ABOVE ALL BY WAY ( ! FASCISM-DEMOCRACY DIALECTIC4 ,F]REIRO'S CRITICISMS ( ,DEVESA >E P]T95T & NECESS>Y1 ESPECIALLY ) REG>D TO ,DEVESA'S 0R$UCTIONI/0 FOCUS ON 0LEAD]%IP01 :I* ]RONE\SLY EXPLA9S ! REVOLUTION>Y FAILURE BY ! 0BETRAYAL0 ( ! LEAD]S4 ,F]REIRO'S ANALYSIS1 H[EV]1 DOES NOT P]CEIVE ?AT ! BATTLE = REVOLUTION>Y HI/ORY IS NOT JU/ A BOOKI%1 !ORETICAL & AB/RACT QUE/ION1 BUT ANO!R BATTLEFIELD 9 ! CLASS W> BETWE5 ! B\RGEOISIE & ! PROLET>IAT4 

,EXI/5CE PREC$ES CONSCI\SNESS4 ,)\T A !ORIZATION ( ! HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CES ( ! PROLET>IAT !RE IS NO REVOLUTION>Y !ORY1 NOR ANY !ORETICAL ADVANCE4 ,BETWE5 !ORY & PRACTICE !RE IS A LAPSE ( TIME1 AS LONG AS ?AT ( A C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y /AGE ?AT LA/S DECADES1 BUT ?IS DOES NOT IMPLY AN ABSOLUTE & IRREM$IABLE SEP>ATION BETWE5 !ORY & PRACTICE4 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,M>XISM IS A ME?OD ( ANALYSIS ( SOCIAL & HI/ORICAL REALITY ?AT TRANS=MS ! >MS ( CRITIQUE 9TO ! CRITIQUE ( >MS4 ,R,E,V,O,L,U,T,I,O,N,>,Y ,!,O,R,I,E,S ,P,R,O,V,E ,!,I,R ,V,A,L,I,D,I,T,Y ,9 ,! ,H,I,/,O,R,I,C,A,L ,L,A,B,O,R,A,T,O,R,Y4 ,! P>TY ( ! PROLET>IAT IS NOT JU/ A PROGRAM1 BUT ITS DEF5SE BY 9DIVIDUALS1 MOTIVAT$ BY REVOLUTION>Y NECESSITY & PASSION1 ORGANIZ$ 9 VANGU>DS OR GR\PS ?AT ADVOCATE DIFF]5T TACTICS4 

,P]HAPS ,DEVESA & ,F]REIRO C\LD ACCEPT ?AT ! HI/ORY ( ! WORK]S MOVEM5T 9 ,SPA9 TODAY IS A BATTLE AGA9/ ! (FICIAL HI/ORY ( ! LIB]AL-,/AL9I/ M&>9ATE1 OR ! NEO-,FRANCOI/ COMM]CIAL DEM&4 ,?IS BATTLE = HI/ORY WILL ONLY 5D :5 CLASSES HAVE DISAPPE>$1 AFT] ! VICTORY ( ! PROLET>IAT1 :I* WILL !N COALESCE ) HUMANITY4 ,:AT BEGAN AS A BATTLE = ! HI/ORY ( ! PROLET>IAT1 CAN ONLY CULM9ATE AS ! HI/ORY ( ! BATTLE = COMMUNISM & ! ABOLITION ( ALL CLASSES1 CONT+5T ON ! EXT9CTION ( WAGE LABOR1 ! LAW ( VALUE1 NATIONAL BORD]S1 & ALL /ATES ALONG ) !IR >MIES & POLICE4 ,& ALL ( ?IS ONLY AM\NTS TO ! CONTEMPOR>Y IMPLEM5TATION & DEPICTION ( :AT ,M>X HAD ALREADY WRITT5 9 ,! ,G]MAN ,IDEOLOGY3 0! CLASS :I* IS ! RUL+ MAT]IAL =CE ( SOCIETY1 IS AT ! SAME TIME ITS RUL+ 9TELLECTUAL =CE40 ,?AT IS1 :OEV] POSSESSES ECONOMIC P[] DICTATES !IR HI/ORY1 :I* IS ACCORD+LY FALSIFI$ & IDEALIZ$1 & IS ALWAYS ! (FICIAL & PR$OM9ANT HI/ORY4 ,?IS (FICIAL B\RGEOIS HI/ORY IS BELIEV$ TO BE & CLAIMS TO BE1 FUR!RMORE1 ! ONLY VALID HI/ORY1 & ?US DISPLAYS ITS ELITI/ PR(ESSIONAL SCORN & IGNORANCE CONC]N+ ! HI/ORY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,ESPECIALLY ITS PR(ESSIONAL IGNORANCE1 ) C]TA9 R>E EXCEPTIONS4 

,AS ! 0,MANIFE/O ,COMBATE POR LA HI/ORIA0 SAID T5 YE>S AGO3 

0,) ! IGNORANCE1 OMISSION OR M9IMIZATION ( ! PROLET>IAN & REVOLUTION>Y CONNOTATIONS ?AT *>ACT]IZ$ ! P]IOD ( ! REPUBLIC & ! CIVIL W>1 ,(FICIAL ,HI/ORY MANAGES TO TURN ! :OLE ?+ UPSIDE D[N1 9 ACCORDANCE ) ! TASK IMPOS$ BY ITS PR9CIPAL POPES ( RE-WRIT+ EV]Y?+1 & ?US TO CONSUMMATE ! EXPROPRIATION ( HI/ORICAL MEMORY1 AS ONE MORE ACT ( ! G5]AL EXPROPRIATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,?US1 9 ! F9AL ACC\NT+1 IT IS HI/ORIOGRAPHY ?AT WRITES ,HI/ORY4 ,IF1 9 ! PROCESS ( ! DISAPPE>ANCE ( ! G5]ATION ?AT LIV$ DUR+ ! W>1 ! BOOKS & MANUALS ( ,(FICIAL ,HI/ORY IGNORE ! EXI/5CE ( A MAGNIFIC5T AN>*I/ & REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T1 )9 T5 YE>S !Y WILL D>E TO SAY ?AT ?IS MOVEM5T DID NOT EXI/4 ,! M&>9S FIRMLY BELIEVE ?AT :AT !Y DID NOT WRITE AB\T NEV] EXI/$3 IF HI/ORY QUE/IONS ! PRES5T1 !Y D5Y IT4 

0,!RE IS A FLAGRANT CONTRADICTION BETWE5 ! FUNCTION ( RECUP]ATION ( HI/ORICAL MEMORY1 & ! PR(ESSION ( ! S]VANTS ( ,(FICIAL ,HI/ORY1 :O NE$ TO =GET & ]ASE ! EXI/5CE 9 ! PA/1 & !RE=E ITS POSSIBLE EXI/5CE 9 ! FUTURE1 ( A FE>SOME MASS REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S MOVEM5T4 ,?IS CONTRADICTION BETWE5 ! FUNCTION & ! PR(ESSION IS RESOLV$ BY WAY ( IGNOR+ ?AT :I* !Y KN[ OR %\LD KN[2 & ?IS TRANS=MS !M 9TO FOOLS4 ,& = ?IS SAME REASON ,(FICIAL ,HI/ORY IS *>ACT]IZ$ BY AN ABSOLUTE 9CAPACITY = RIGOR1 OBJECTIVITY & A COMPREH5SIVE VIEWPO9T4 ,IT IS NECESS>ILY P>TIAL1 & CANNOT ADOPT ANY O!R P]SPECTIVE ?AN ! CLASS P]SPECTIVE ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,IT IS NECESS>ILY EXCLUSION>Y1 & EXCLUDES ! PA/1 ! FUTURE & ! PRES5T ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,(FICIAL ,SOCIOLOGY 9SI/S ON TRY+ TO CONV9CE US ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS NO LONG] EXI/S1 NOR DOES ! CLASS /RUGGLE2 ,(FICIAL ,HI/ORY HAS ! JOB ( CONV9C+ US ?AT IT NEV] EXI/$4 ,A P]PETUAL1 COMPLAISANT & ACRITICAL PRES5T BANALIZES ! PA/ & DE/ROYS HI/ORICAL CONSCI\SNESS4 

0,! HI/ORIANS ( ! B\RGEOISIE HAVE TO REWRITE ! PA/1 JU/ AS ,BIG ,BRO!R DID REPEAT$LY4 ,!Y NE$ TO CONCEAL ! FACT ?AT ! ,CIVIL ,W> WAS A CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,:OEV] CONTROLS ! PRES5T1 CONTROLS ! PA/2 & :OEV] CONTROLS ! PA/1 DECIDES ! FUTURE4 ,(FICIAL ,HI/ORY IS ! HI/ORY ( ! B\RGEOISIE1 & TODAY IT HAS ! MISSION ( GRANT+ MY?IC /ATUS TO NATIONALISM1 LIB]AL DEMOCRACY & ! M>KET ECONOMY1 9 ORD] TO CONV9CE US ?AT !Y >E ET]NAL1 IMMUTABLE & 9SURM\NTABLE40 

,MEAN:ILE1 ! BATTLE = HI/ORY TODAY TAKES PLACE ?R\< ! !ORIZATION ( ! HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CES ( ! 9T]NATIONAL PROLET>IAT1 :I* WAS UND]TAK5 9 !IR TIMES BY ,ROSA ,LUXEMBURG1 ,H]MAN ,GORT]1 ,ANTON ,PANNEKOEK1 ,AMADEO ,BORDIGA1 ! $ITORS ( ,BILAN1 ,JOSEP ,REBULL & ,MUNIS1 AMONG O!RS4 ,N,O,N,E ( !M WAS A HI/ORIAN2 ,A,L,L ( !M W]E REVOLUTION>Y MILITANTS :O DID NOT HESITATE TO /UDY & !ORIZE ! HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CES ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROLET>IAT1 BECAUSE = !M ! BATTLE = REVOLUTION>Y HI/ORY WAS A FUNDAM5TAL BATTLE ( ! CLASS W>4 ,BECAUSE IT WAS NOT JU/ A MATT] ( RATIONALLY WRIT+ HI/ORY1 BAS$ ON ! REALITY ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE & ON CONCRETE HUMAN EXP]I5CES1 BUT ALSO1 & ABOVE ALL1 IT WAS AB\T GRASP+1 P]FECT+1 EXT5D+1 DEF5D+ & CONSOLIDAT+ REVOLUTION>Y !ORY4 

.<#a.> ,&RES ,DEVESA'S >TICLE1 0,ESPANA1 #a#i#c#f4 ,EL FANTASMA DE LA ,REVOLUCION CONJURADO01 CAN BE F\ND AT ! BLOG3 FCUATROC9C\NO4BLOGSPOT4COM2 CLICK ON ! *RONOLOGICAL 5TRY = 0MAYO #b#f04 ,= AN ,5GLI% TRANSLATION1 SEE3 LIBCOM4ORG4 

,ROI ,F]REIRO'S CRITIQUE ( ,DEVESA'S >TICLE1 5TITL$ 0,APUNTES CRITICOS AL TEXTO ',ESPANA1 #a#i#c#f4 ,EL FANTASMA DE LA ,REVOLUCION CONJURADO' DE ,&RES ,DEVESA01 CAN BE F\ND 79 ,NOVEMB] #b#a#c7 ONL9E AT3 PROYECTOCAI4ZYMI*O/4COM4 ,= AN ,5GLI% TRANSLATION1 SEE3 LIBCOM4ORG4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#c1 #bba 3 ,! ,!ORIZATION ,( ,HI/ORICAL ,EXP]I5CES -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,! ,!ORIZATION ,( ,HI/ORICAL ,EXP]I5CES -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/