,! ,TRU? ,AB\T ! ,BOL%EVIKI 

#aiah 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,EMMA ,GOLDMAN 

,TAGS 3 PEOPLES ( ! WORLD1 L59 & TROTSKY1 SOCIAL & ECONOMIC1 RUSSIAN PEOPLE1 RUSSIAN REVOLUTION1 GOV]N+ CLASSES1 MO!R E>?1 G]MAN AG5T1 G]MAN IMP]IALISM1 W> LOANS4 

,TEXT 3 

,D$ICAT$ 

  

,PHOTO BY ,D,J,O,X,F,U,T,U,R,A1,C,C ,B,Y-,N,C ,LIC5SE ,AS MY LA/ CONTRIBUTION BE=E GO+ TO ,JEFF]SON ,CITY1 ,MO41 PRISON = TWO YE>S1 TO ! ,BOYL%EVIKI 9 ,RUSSIA 9 APPRECIATION ( !IR GLORI\S WORK & !IR 9SIRATION 9 AWAK5+ ,BOYL%EVISM 9 ,AM]ICA4  

,M,O,!,R ,E,>,? ,P,U,B,L,I,%,+ ,A,S,S',N  

#d ,J,O,N,E,S ,/,R,E,E,T1 ,N,E,W ,Y,O,R,K 

,& YET IT IS ( ! UTMO/ IMPORTANCE ?AT ! PEOPLE 9 ,AM]ICA %\LD UND]/& ! TRUE MEAN+ ( ! ,BOYL%EVIKI1 !IR ORIG91 & ! HI/ORIC BACKGR\ND :I* MAKES !IR POSITION & !IR *ALL5GE TO ! WORLD SO SIGNIFICANT TO ! MASSES4 

,BOYL%EVIKI IS ! PLURAL T]M = ?OSE REVOLUTIONI/S 9 ,RUSSIA :O REPRES5T ! 9T]E/S ( ! L>GE/ SOCIAL GR\PS1 & :O 9SI/ UPON ! MAXIMUM SOCIAL & ECONOMIC DEM&S = ?OSE GR\PS4 

,AT A ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,COMGRESS1 HELD 9 #a#i#c1 ! EXTREME REVOLUTIONI/S1 IMPATI5T ( ! EV]- GR[+ T5D5CY ( COMPROMISE & RE=M 9 ! P>TY1 ORGANIZ$ ! ,BOYL%EVIKI W+ AS OPPOS$ TO ?OSE KN[N AS ! ,M5%EVIKI1 OR ! GR\P CONT5T TO MOVE SL[LY1 GA9+ RE=M /EP BY /EP4 ,NIKOLAI ,L591 & LAT] ,TROTSKY1 W]E ! PRIME FACTORS 9 ! SEP>ATION1 & HAVE S9CE WORK$ 9CESSANTLY TO BUILD UP ! ,BOYL%EVIKI P>TY ALONG /RAI<T REVOLUTION>Y L9ES1 BUT NEV]!LESS 9 KEEP+ ) ,M>XIAN !ORETICAL REASON+4 

,!N CAME ! MIRACLE ( MIRACLES1 ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION ( #a#i#a#g1 :I* TO ! POLITICIANS 9 & \T ( ! DIFF]5T ,SOCIALI/ GR\PS MEANT ! OV]?R[ ( ! ,CZ> & ! E/ABLI%M5T ( A LIB]AL OR QUASI-,SOCIALI/ GOV]NM5T4 ,L59 & TROTSKY1 ) !IR FOLL[]S1 SAW DEEP] 9TO ! NATURE ( ! REVOLUTION1 &1 SEE+1 !Y HAD ! WISDOM TO RESPOND --- NOT SO MU* TO !IR [N !ORETICAL PR$ILECTIONS BUT TO COMPELL+ NE$S ( ! AWAK5$ ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE !MSELVES4 

,?US ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION IS A MIRACLE 9 MORE ?AN ONE RESPECT4 ,AMONG O!R EXTRAORD9>Y P>ADOXES IT PRES5TS ! PH5OM5ON ( ! ,M>XIAN ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATS1 ,L59 & ,TROTSKY1 ADOPT+ ,AN>*I/ ,REVOLUTION>Y TACTICS1 :ILE ! ,AN>*I/S ,KROPOTK91 ,T*]KESSOV1 ,T*AIKOVSKY >E D5Y+ !SE TACTICS & FALL+ 9TO ,M>XIAN REASON+1 :I* !Y HAD DUR+ ALL !IR LIVES REPUDIAT$ AS 0,G]MAN METAPHYSICS40 

,! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUT9 IS 9DE$ A MIRACLE4  ,IT DEMON/RATES EV]Y DAY H[ 9SIGNIFICANT ALL !ORIES >E 9 COMP>ISON ) ! ACTUALITY ( ! REVOLUTION>Y AWAK5+ ( ! PEOPLE4 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI ( #a#i#c1 ?\< REVOLUTIONI/S1 ADH]$ TO ! ,M>XIAN DOCTR9E CONC]N+ ! 9DU/RIALIZATION ( ,RUSSIA & ! HI/ORIC MISSION ( ! B\RGEOISIE AS A NECESS>Y EVOLUTION>Y PROCESS BE=E ! ,RUSSIAN MASSES C\LD COME 9TO !IR [N4 ,! ,BOYL%EVIKI ( #aiah NO LONG] BELIEVE 9  ! PR$E/9$ FUNCTION ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,!Y HAVE BE5 SWEPT =W>D  UPON ! WAVES ( ! ,REVOLUTION TO ! PO9T ( VIEW HELD BY ! ,AN>*I/S S9CE ,BAKUN92 NAMELY1 ?AT ONCE ! MASSES BECOME CONSCI\S ( !IR ECONOMIC P[]1 !Y MAKE !IR [N HI/ORY & NE$ NOT BE B\ND BY ! TRADITIONS & PROCESSES ( A DEAD PA/1 :I* --- LIKE SECRET TREATIES --- >E MADE AT ! R\ND TABLE & NOT DICTAT$ BY LIFE ITSELF4 

,9 O!R WORDS1 ! ,BOYL%EVIKI N[ REPRES5T NOT ONLY A LIMIT$ GR\P ( !ORI/S BUT A ,RUSSIA REBORN & VIRILE4 ,NEV] W\LD ,L59 & ,TROTSKY HAVE ATTA9$ !IR PRES5T IMPORTANCE HAD !Y M]ELY VOIC$ CUT-&-DRI$ !ORETICAL =MULAS4 ,!Y HAVE !IR E>S CLOSE TO ! HE>T-BEAT ( ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE1 :O1 :ILE YET 9>TICULATE1 KN[ H[ TO REGI/] !IR DEM&S MU* MORE P[]FULLY ?R\< ACTION4 ,?AT1 H[EV]1 DOES NOT LESS5 ! IMPORTANCE ( ,L591 ,TROTSKY & ! O!R H]OIC FIGURES :O HOLD ! WORLD 9 AWE BY !IR P]SONALITY1 !IR PROPHETIC VISION & !IR 9T5SE REVOLUTION>Y SPIRIT4 

,IT IS NOT SO LONG AGO ?AT ,TROTSKY & ,L59 W]E D5\NC$ AS ,G]MAN AG5TS1 WORK+ = ! ,KAIS]4 ,ONLY ?OSE :O >E /ILL 9FLU5C$ BY NEWSPAP] LIES1 :O KN[ NO?+ AB\T ! TWO M51 BELIEVE SU* ACCUSATIONS4 ,9CID5TALLY IT IS WELL TO BE> 9 M9D ?AT !RE IS NO?+ QUITE SO CONTEMPTIBLE OR *EAP AS TO CALL A MAN A 0,G]MAN AG5T0 BECAUSE HE REFUSES TO BELIEVE 9 ! HI<-S\ND+ PHRASE 0TO MAKE ! WORLD SAFE = ,DEMOCRACY10 ) ,DEMOCRACY :IPP$ 9 ,TULSA1 LYN*$ 9 ,BUTTE1 %UT UP 9 PRISON1 & O!RWISE \TRAG$ & BANI%$ FROM \R %ORES4 

,L59 & ,TROTSKY NE$ NO DEF5SE4 ,YET IT IS WELL TO CALL ! ATT5TION ( ! CR$UL\S ONES1 :OSE DAILY PAP]S 0CANNOT TELL A LIE10 ?AT :5 ,TROTSKY WAS 9 ,AM]ICA HE LIV$ 9 A *EAP AP>TM5T H\SE1 & WAS SO POOR ?AT BE HAD H>DLY 5\< TO LIVE ON4 ,TO BE SURE1 HE WAS (F]$ A COM=TABLE POSITION ON ONE ( ! SUCCESSFUL ,JEWI% ,SOCIALI/ DAILIES1 ON CONDITION ?AT HE LE>N TO COMPROMISE & CURB HIS REVOLUTION>Y ZEAL4 ,TROTSKY PREF]R$ POV]TY & ! RI<T TO RETA9 HIS SELF-RESPECT4 ,:5 BE DECID$ TO RETURN TO ,RUSSIA1 AT ! V]Y BEG9N+ ( ! ,REVOLUTION1 A  PRIVATE SUBSCRIPTION HAD TO BE TAK5 UP BY HIS FRI5DS TO COV] HIS F>E --- SO MU* DID ,TROTSKY E>N AS A 0,G]MAN AG5T40 

,AS TO ,L591 HIS :OLE LIFE HAS BE5 ONE LONG1 5DLESS /RUGGLE = ,RUSSIA4  ,9 FACT1 HE COMES TO HIS REVOLUTION>Y IDEALS ?R\< H]ITAGE4  ,HIS [N BRO!R WAS EXECUT$ BY ORD] ( ! ,CZ>4 ,?US ,L59 HAS A P]SONAL AS WELL AS A  UNIV]SAL REASON TO HATE AUTOCRACY & TO D$ICATE HIS LIFE TO ! LIB]ATION ( ,RUSSIA4  ,:AT ABSURDITY IT IS TO ACCUSE A MAN LIKE ?AT ( SYMPA?Y ) ,G]MAN IMP]IALISM6 ,BUT EV5 ! L\D- M\!D ACCUS]S ( ,L59 & ,TRORSKY HAVE BE5 %AM$ 9TO SIL5CE BY ! P[]FUL P]SONALITIES & ! 9CORRUPTIBLE 9TEGRITY ( !SE GREAT FIGURES ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 

,9 ONE RESPECT IT IS NOT AT ALL SURPRIS+ ?AT !RE %\LD BE SO LITTLE UND]/&+ 9 ,AM]ICA = ! ,BOYL%EVIKI4 ,! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION /ILL REMA9S AN 5IGMA TO ! ,AM]ICAN M9D4  ,)\T A TRACE ( FEEL+ = HIS [N REVOLUTION>Y TRADITIONS1 & EV] PRO/RATE BE=E ! MAJE/Y ( ! ,/ATE1 ! AV]AGE ,AM]ICAN HAS BE5 TRA9$ TO BELIEVE ?AT ,REVOLUTION HAS NO JU/IFICATION 9 HIS [N C\NTRY & ?AT 9 0D>KE/ ,RUSSIA0 IT WAS ONLY = ! PURPOSE ( GETT+ RID ( ! ,CZ>1 PROVID$ IT WAS DONE 9 A G5TLEMANLY MANN] & ) RESPECTFUL APOLOGIES TO ! AUTOCRAT4 ,&1 FUR!R1 ?AT ! MOM5T A /ABLE GOV]NM5T LIKE \RS IS E/ABLI%$1 ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE \<T TO 0GET BEH9D ! PRESID5T40 

,IMAG9E1 !N1 ! SURPRISE :5 ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE1 AFT] DRIV+ \T ! ,CZ>1 DE/ROY$ ! ?RONE ITSELF1 & S5T ! 0LIB]AL0 ,MILIAKOVS & ,LVOVS1 & EV5 ! ,SOCIALI/ ,K]5SKY1 9 ! DRECTION ! ,CZ> HAD GONE4 ,& !N1 TO CAP ! CLIMAX1 COME ! ,BOYL%EVIKI1 :O DECL>E AGA9/ BO? K+ & MA/]4 ,?AT IS TOO MU* = ! DEMOCRATIC M9D ( ! ,AM]ICAN4 

,=TUNATELY = ,RUSSIA1 H] PEOPLE HAVE NEV] 5JOY$ ! BLESS+S ( ,DEMOCRACY1 ) ITS 9/ITUTIONALIZ$1 LEGALIZ$1 CLASSIFI$ VALUES ( $UCATION & CULTURE2 ALL ( :I* >E 0MA*9E MADE & RAVEL \T ! MOM5T ONE BEG9S AT ! FIR/ KNOT40 

,! ,RUSSIANS >E A LIT]AL PEOPLE ) AN UNSPOL$1 UNCORRUPT$ M9D4 ,REVOLUTION TO !M HAS NEV] MEANT M]E POLITICAL SC5E %IFT+1 ! OV]?R[ ( ONE AUTOCRAT = ANO!R4 ,! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE HAVE BE5 TAU<T = NE>LY A HUNDR$ YE>S --- NOT 9 /UFFY S*OOLS BY /]ILE TEA*]S & /ALE TEXT BOOKS1 BUT BY !IR GREAT REVOLUTION>Y M>TYRS1 ! NOBLE/ SPIRITS ! WORLD HAS EV] KN[N --- ?AT ,REVOLUTION MEANS A FUNDAM5TAL SOCIAL & ECONOMIC *ANGE1 SOME?+ :I* HAS ITS ROOTS 9 ! NE$S & HOPES ( ! PEOPLE & :I* MU/ NOT 5D UNTIL ! DIS9H]IT$ ( ! E>? COME 9TO !IR [N4  ,9 A WORD1 ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE SAW 9 ! OV]?R[ ( ! AUTOCRACY ! BEG9N+ & NOT ! F9ALE ( ! ,REVOLUTION4  

,MORE ?AN ! TYRANNY ( ! ,CZ>1  ! MUZHIK HAT$ ! TYRANNY ( ! TAX COLLECTOR S5T BY ! L&$ PROPRIETOR TO ROB HIM ( HIS LA/ C[ OR HORSE1 & F9ALLY ( ! L& ITSELF1 OR TO FLOG HIM & DRAG HIM (F TO PRISON :5 HE C\LD NOT PAY HIS TAXES4 ,:AT WAS IT TO ! MUZHIK ?AT ! ,CZ> HAD BE5 DRIV5 FROM HIS ?RONE1 IF HIS DIRECT 5EMY1 ! ,B>9 7MA/]7 /ILL CONT9U$ POSSESSION ( ! KEY TO LIFE --- ! L&8 ,MATU%KA ,ZEMLYA 7,MO!R ,E>?7 IS ! PET NAME :I* ! ,RUSSIAN LANGUAGE ALONE HAS = ! SOIL4 ,TO ! ,RUSSIAN ! SOIL IS EV]Y?+1 LIFE & JOY GIV]1 ! N\RI%]1 ! BELOV$ ,MATU%KA 7,LITTLE ,MO!R74 

,! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION CAN MEAN NO?+ TO HIM UNLESS IT SETS ! L& FEE & JO9S TO ! DE?RON$ ,CZ> HIS P>TN]1 ! DE?RON$ L&-[N]1 ! CAPITALI/4 ,?AT EXPLA9S ! HI/ORIC BACKGR\ND ( ! ,BOY%EVIKI1 !IR SOCIAL & ECONOMIC JU/IFICATION4 ,!Y >E P[]FUL ONLY BECAUSE !Y REPRES5T ! PEOPLE4 ,! MOM5T !Y CEASE TO DO ?AT1 !Y WILL GO1 AS ! ,PROVISIONAL ,GOV]NM5T & ,K]5SKY HAD TO GO4 ,= NEV] WILL ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE BE CONT5T1 OR ,BOYL%ECISM CEASE1 UNTIL ! L& & ! MEANS ( LIFE BECOME ! H]ITAGE ( ! *ILDR5 ( ,RUSSIA4  ,!Y HAVE = ! FIR/ TIME 9 C5TURIES DET]M9$ ?AT !Y %ALL BE HE>D1 & ?AT !IR VOICES %ALL REA* ! HE>T (1 NOT ( ! GOV]N+ CLASSES --- !Y KN[ !SE HAVE NO HE>T --- BUT ! HEATS ( ! PEOPLES ( ! WORLD1 9CLUD+ ! PEOPLE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES4  ,!RE9 LIES ! DEEP IMPORT & SIGNIFICANCE ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION AS SYMBOLIZ$ BY ! ,BOYL%EVIKI4 

,/>T+ FROM ! HI/ORIC PREMISE ?AT ALL W>S >E CAPITALI/ W>S1 & ?AT ! MASSES CAN HAVE NO 9T]E/ :ATEV] 9 /R5G!N+ ! IMP]IALI/IC DESIGNS ( !IR EXPLOIT]S1 IT IS P]FECTLY CONSI/5T = ! ,BOYL%EVIKI TO 9SI/ UPON PEACE & TO DEM& ?AT !RE %ALL BE NEI!R 9DEMNITIES NOR ANNEXATIONS 9VOLV$ 9 ?AT PEACE4 

,TO BEG9 )1 ,RUSSIA HAS BE5 BL$ 9 A W> ORD]$ BY ! BLOODY ,CZ>4 ,:Y %\LD !Y CONT9UE TO SACRIFICE !IR /RONG MANHOOD1 :I* C\LD BE EMPLOY$ TO BETT] PURPOSE = ! RECON/RUCTION ( ,RUSSIA8  ,TO MAKE ! WORLD SAFE = DEMOCRACY8 ,:AT A F>CE6 ,DID NOT ! SO-CALL$ ,DEMOCRACIES =FEIT ! SYMPA?IES ( ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE :5 !Y TI$ !IR ,GODDESS TO ! KN\T ( ! ,RUSSIAN AUTOCRACY8 ,H[ D>E !Y COMPLA9 ( ,RUSSIA ?AT %E IS LONG+ = PEACE N[ ?AT %E HAS SUCCESSFULLY ?R[N (F H] BACK ! WEI<T ( C5TURIES ( OPPRESSION6 

,>E ! ALLIES REALLY S9C]E 9 !IR BOA/ ( ,DEMOCRACY8 ,:Y1 !N1 

  

,>E ! ALLIES REALLY S9C]E 9 !IR BOA/ ( ,DEMOCRACY8 ,:Y1 !N1 DID !Y FAIL TO RECOGNIZE ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION EV5 BE=E ! 0T]RIBLE ,BOYL%EVIKI0 HAD TAK5 *>GE ( ITS DIRECTION8 ,5GL&1 ! FAM\S LIB]ATOR ( SMALL NATIONS1 ) ,9DIA & ,IREL& 9 H] CLUT*ES1 W\LD HAVE NONE ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,FRANCE1 ! W\LD-BE CRADLE ( LIB]TY1 REPUDIAT$ ! ,RUSSIAN ,DELEGATE TO H] ,CONF]5CE4 ,TO BE SURE1 ,AM]ICA RECOGNIZ$ ,REVOLUTION>Y ,RUSSIA1 BUT ONLY BECAUSE %E FONDLY HOP$ ?AT ,MILIUKOV OR ,K]5SKY W\LD REMA9 9 P[]4 ,UND] SU* CIRCUM/ANCES :Y W\LD ,RUSSIA HELP CONT9UE ! W>8 

,YET IT IS NOT = ?IS REASON ?AT ! ,BOYL%EVIKI 9SI/ UPON PEACE4 ,IT IS BECAUSE NO?+ VITAL OR CON/RUCTIVE CAN BE BUILT UP DUR+ W>1 & ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE >E EAG] TO BUILD UP1 TO CREATE1 TO F\ND A NEW1 A FREE1 A RI* ,RUSSIA4  ,= ?AT !Y NE$ PEACE2 &1 ABOVE ALL O!R CONSID]ATIONS1 ! ,BOYL%EVIKI WANT TO HELP ! O!R PEOPLES ( ! E>? T[>D PEACE --- ! PEOPLES :O1 LIKE !MSELVES1 NEV] WANT$ W>4 

,ALREADY ! ,BOYL%EVIKI  HAVE TAU<T ! WORLD ! LESSON ?AT PEACE NEGOTIATIONS MU/ BE 9ITIAT$ BY ! PEOPLES  !MSELVES4 ,PEACE CANNOT BE DECL>$ 9 ! NAME ( ?OSE :O MAKE W>S & GA9 BY !M4 ,?AT IS ONE ( ! MO/3 SIGNIFICANT CONTRIBUTIONS TO WORLD PROGRESS ?AT ! ,BOYL%EVIKI HAVE MADE4 ,FUR!RMORE1 !Y MA9TA9 ?AT NEGOTIATIONS = PEACE MU/ BE MADE OP5LY1 FRANKLY & ) ! FULL CONS5T ( ! PEOPLES REPRES5T$4 ,!Y WILL HAVE NONE ( ! SECRET DIPLOMATIC 9TRIGUE ?AT BETRAYS ! PEOPLES1 LEAD+ !M TO IRRETRIEVABLE DISA/]4 

,ON ?IS BASIS ! ,BOYL%EVIKI 9VIT$ ! O!R P[]S TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! ,G5]AL ,PEACE ,CONF]5CE HELD AT ,BRE/-,LITOVSK4 ,!IR SUGGE/ION WAS MET ) SCORN4 ,! DEMOCRATIC BOA/ ( ! ,ALLIES1 :5 PUT TO ! TE/1 WAS F\ND SADLY WANT+4 ,! TREA*]Y ( ! ,ALLIES 9 =SAK+ ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE ITSELF W>RANTS ! ,BOYL%EVIKI 9 MAK+ A SEP>ATE PEACE4 ,!Y /& GUILTLESS :5 !Y DECL>E = A SEP>ATE PEACE AFT] !IR REPUDIATION BY ! ,ALLIES4 

,AB&ON$1 ! ,BOYL%EVIKI >E NO LESS /RONG4 ,IT WAS ,TROTSKY :O EXPRESS$ ! MORAL4 9FLU5CE ( ! ,BOYL%EVIKI 9 ! SEEM+ P>ADOX1 0,\R WEAKNESS WILL BE \R /R5G?40 ,WEAK 9 ! 9/RUM5TS ( AN AUTOCRACY1 ! ,BOYL%EVIKI >E /R5G!N$ BY A COMMON ,REVOLUTION>Y PURPOSE4 ,! MORAL OP9ION ( ! WORLD WILL BE MORE DEEPLY 9FLU5C$ BY A SIMPLE-HE>T$ ,RUSSIAN'S DESIRE TO ACT HONE/LY AT ! PEACE TABLE1 ?AN BY ALL ! CONNIVANCE1 EVASION & HYPOCRISY ( HI<LY CULTUR$ DIPLOMATS4 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI DEM& ?AT ! OBLIGATIONS & 9DEMNITIES 9CURR$ BY ! O!R GOV]N+ CLASSES %\LD BE REPUDIAT$4 ,:Y %\LD !Y LIVE UP TO ! OBLIGATIONS ( ! ,CZ>8 ,! PEOPLE HAVE NOT 9CURR$ ?OSE OBLIGATIONS2 !Y HAVE NOT PL$G$ !MSELVES TO ! O!R W>R+ C\NTRIES2 !Y W]E NO MORE CONSULT$ :E!R !Y %\LD BE SLAU<T]$ ?AN ! PEOPLE ( ,AM]ICA W]E CONSULT$4 ,:Y %\LD !Y BE> ! BRUNT ( PUNI%M5T = AN AUTOCRAT'S CRIMES8 ,:Y %\LD !Y SADDLE !IR *ILDR5 & !IR *ILDR5'S *ILDR5 ) W> LOANS & 9DEMNITIES8 ,!Y SAY ?AT >RANGEM5TS OR CONTRACTS MADE BY ! 5EMIES ( ! PEOPLE MU/ BE LIV$ UP TO BY ! 5EMIES ( ! PEOPLE1 BUT NOT BY ! PEOPLE !MSELVES4 ,IF ! ,CZ> PL$G$ HIMSELF TO O!R C\NTRIES1 ! O!R C\NTRIES %\LD IMPORT HIM & MAKE HIM RESPONSIBLE = :AT HE PL$G$4 ,BUT ! PEOPLE :O W]E NOT CONSULT$ 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 :O F\<T & BL$ & SACRIFIC$ !IR LIVES = ?REE & A HALF YE>S1 --- !Y SAY ?AT !Y WILL ONLY PAY ! DEBTS 9CURR$ BY !MSELVES1 ) !IR KN[L$GE1 ) !IR UND]/&+1 & = A PURPOSE ( :I* !Y HAVE APPROV$4 ,!SE >E ! ONLY W> DEBTS1 W> LOANS & W> 9DEMNITIES !Y 9T5D TO PAY4 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI HAVE NO IMP]IALI/IC DESIGNS4 ,!Y HAVE LIB]T>IAN PLANS1 & ?OSE ?AT UND]/& ! PR9CIPLES ( LIB]TY DO NOT WANT TO ANNEX O!R PEOPLES & O!R C\NTRIES4 ,9DE$1 ! TRUE LIB]T>IAN DOES NOT WANT EV5 TO ANNEX O!R 9DIVIDUALS1 = HE KN[S ?AT SO LONG AS A S+LE NATION1 PEOPLE OR 9DIVIDUAL IS 5SLAV$1 HE TOO IS 9 DANG]4 

,?AT IS :Y ! ,BOYL%EVIKI DEM& A PEACE )\T ANNEXATIONS & )\T 9DEMNITIES4 ,!Y DO NOT FEEL E?ICALLY CALL$ UPON TO LIVE UP TO ! OBLIGATIONS 9CURR$ BY ! ,CZ>1 ! ,KAIS] OR O!R IMP]IALI/IC G5TLEM54 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI >E ACCUS$ ( BETRAY+ ! ,ALLIES4 ,W]E ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE ASK$ :E!R !Y WANT$ TO JO9 ! ,ALLIES8 ,! ,BOYL%EVIKI1 AS ,COMMUNI/S1 AS M5 :O ADH]E ) ALL ! PASSION & 9T5SITY ( !IR BE+S TO ! PR9CIPLE ( ,9T]NATIONALISM1 DECL>E3 0,\R ALLIES >E NOT ! GOV]NM5TS ( ,5GL&1 ,FRANCE1 ,ITALY OR ,AM]ICA2 \R ALLIES >E ! ,5GLI%1 ,FR5*1 ,ITALIAN1 ,AM]ICAN & ,G]MAN PEOPLES4 ,!Y >E \R ONLY ALLIES1 & !SE ALLIES WE WILL NEV] BETRAY2 !SE ALLIES WE WILL NEV] DECEIVE4 ,WE WANT TO S]VE \R ALLIES1 BUT \R ALLIES >E ! PEOPLES ( ! WORLD1 NOT ! GOV]N+ CLASSES1 NOT ! DIPLOMATS1 NOT ! PRIME M9I/]S1 NOT ! G5TLEM5 :O MAKE W>40 ,?AT IS ! POSITION ( ! ,BOYL%EVIKI TO ?IS PRES5T MOM5T4 ,!Y HAVE DEMON/RAT$ ?IS )9 ! LA/ FEW WEEKS1 :5 !Y SAW ?AT ! ,G]MAN PEACE T]MS IMPLI$ ! 5SLAVEM5T & DEP5D5CY ( O!R PEOPLES4 ,!Y SAID1 0,WE WANT PEACE1 BUT 9 ASK+ = PEACE = \RSELVES WE DO SO BECAUSE WE FEEL C]TA9 ?AT \R PEACE WILL 9DUCE O!R PEOPLES ( ! WORLD TO DEM& & MAKE PEACE1 :E!R ! GOV]N+ CLASSES WANT IT OR NOT40 

,TROTSKY1 9 A LETT] TO ! 0,CITIZ5 ,AMBASSADOR0 ( ,P]SIA1 SAID3 0,! ,ANGLO-,RUSSIAN AGREEM5T ( #aig WAS DIRECT$ AGA9/ ! LIB]TY & 9DEP5D5CE ( ! ,P]SIAN PEOPLE1 & IS1 !RE=E1 NULL & VOID = ALL TIME4 ,MOREOV]1 WE D5\NCE ALL AGREEM5TS PREC$+ & FOLL[+ ! SAID AGREEM5T :I* MAY RE/RICT ! RI<TS ( ! ,P]SIAN PEOPLE TO A FREE & 9DEP5D5T EXI/5CE40 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI >E ACCUS$ ( TAK+ POSSESSION ( ! L&4 ,?IS IS A T]RIBLE *>GE IF Y\ BELIEVE 9 PRIVATE PROP]TY4 ,IT IS CONSID]$ ! GREATE/ CRIME ( ALL TO (F5D AGA9/ PRIVATE POSSESSIONS4 ,HUMAN SLAU<T] MAY BE JU/IFI$1 BUT ! SANCTITY ( PRIVATE POSSESSIONS IS 9VIOLATE4 ,=TUNATELY1 ! ,BOYL%EVIKI HAVE LE>N$ FROM ! PA/4 ,!Y KN[ ?AT PA/ REVOLUTIONS FAIL$ BECAUSE ! MASSES DID NOT TAKE POSSESSION ( ! MEANS ( LIFE4 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI HAVE DONE ANO!R T]RIBLE ?+ --- !Y HAVE TAK5 POSSESSION ( ! BANKS4 ,! ,BOYL%EVIKI REMEMB]$ ?AT DUR+ ! ,P>IS ,COMMUNE1 :5 WOM5 & *ILDR5 W]E />V+ ON ! /REETS1 ! ,COMMUN>DS FOOLI%LY S5T !IR COMRADES TO PROTECT ! ,BANK ( ,FRANCE1 & ?AT AFT]W>DS ! ,FR5* ,GOV]NM5T US$ ! BANK'S FUNDS TO PAY ,BISM>K 9 RETURN = ! #e1 ,G]MAN W> PRISON]S :O M>*$ 9TO ,P>IS & DR[N$ ! ,COMMUNE 9 ! BLOOD ( #c1 ,FR5* WORK]S4 

,AT ?AT TIME1 9 #a#h#g#a1 ! ,FR5* B\RGEOISIE HAD NOT ! SLI<TE/ OBJECTION TO ! USE ( ,G]MAN GUNS TO SLAU<T] ! ,FR5* PEOPLE4 ,! 05D JU/IFIES ! MEANS1' :I* ! B\RGEOISIE W\LD NOT HESITATE --- N[ & !N --- TO USE = ! MA9T5ANCE ( ITS [N SUPREMACY4 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI >E >D5T /UD5TS ( HI/ORY4 ,!Y KN[ ?AT ! RUL+ CLASSES W\LD PREF] EV5 ! ,CZ> OR ! ,KAIS] TO ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,!Y KN[ ?AT IF ! B\RGEOISIE C\LD RETA9 ! WEAL? /OL5 FROM ! PEOPLE 9 ! =M ( L& & MONEY1 !Y W\LD BRIBE ! DEVIL HIMSELF TO SAVE !M FROM ! ,REVOLUTION1 & ! PEOPLE1 />V$ & DE/ITUTE1 MI<T SUCCUMB TO ! CRUEL B>GA94 

,?AT IS :Y ! ,BOYL%EVIKI TOOK POSSESSION ( ! BANKS & >E URG+ ! PEASANTS TO CONFISCATE ! L&4 ,!Y HAVE NO DESIRE TO TURN ! BANKS & L&1 ! RAW MAT]IAL & ! PRODUCTS ( ,LABOR'S TOIL OV] TO ! /ATE4 ,!Y WANT TO PLACE ALL ! NATURAL RES\RCES & ! WEAL? ( ! C\NTRY 9 ! H&S ( ! PEOPLE = COMMON HOLD+ & COMMON USE1 BECAUSE ! ,RUSSIAN PEOPLE >E BY 9/9CT & TRADITION COMMUNI/S1 & HAVE NEI!R NE$ NOR DESIRE = ! COMPETITIVE SY/EM4 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI >E TRANSLAT+ 9TO REALITY ! V]Y ?+S MANY PEOPLE HAVE BE5 DREAM+ AB\T1 HOP+ =1 PLANN+ & DISCUSS+ 9 PRIVATE & PUBLIC4 ,!Y >E BUILD+ A NEW SOCIAL ORD] :I* IS TO COME \T ( ! *AOS & CONFLICTS N[ CONFRONT+ !M4 

,:Y IS IT ?AT MANY ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONI/S >E OPPOS$ TO ! ,BOYL%EVIKI8 ,SOME ( ! F9E/ TYPES ( M5 & WOM5 9 ,RUSSIA1 SU* AS \R BELOV$ ,BABU%KA ,BRE%KOVSKAIA1 ,PET] ,KROPOTK91 & O!RS1 >E ANTAGONI/IC TO ! ,BOYL%EVIKI4 ,IT IS BECAUSE !SE GOOD PEOPLE HAVE BE5 LUR$ BY ! GLAM\R ( POLITICAL LIB]ALISM AS REPRES5T$ BY ,REPUBLICAN ,FRANCE1 ,CON/ITUTIONAL ,5GL& & ,DEMOCRATIC ,AM]ICA4 ,ALAS1 !Y HAVE YET TO REALIZE ?AT ! L9E ( DEM>CATION BETWE5 LIB]ALISM & AUTOCRACY IS PURELY IMAG9>Y1 ! SOLE DIFF]5CE BE+ ?AT ! PEOPLE UND] AUTOCRACY KN[ ?AT !Y >E 5SLAV$1 & LOVE LIB]TY TO SU* AN EXT5T ?AT !Y W\LD FI<T & DIE = IT1 :ILE ! PEOPLE 9 A DEMOCRACY IMAG9E ?AT !Y >E FREE & >E CONT5T 9 !IR BONDAGE4 

,! ,RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONI/S :O >E OPPOS$ TO ! ,BOYL%EVIKI WILL SOON COME TO APPRECIATE ?AT ! ,BOYL%EVIKI REPRES5T ! MO/ FUNDAM5TAL1 F>-REA*+ & ALL-EMBRAC+ PR9CIPLES ( HUMAN FRE$OM & ( ECONOMIC WELL-BE+4 

,IT MI<T BE ASK$1 :AT W\LD ! ,BOYL%EVIKI DO IF !Y W]E OPPOS$ BY ALL ! O!R GOV]NM5TS8 ,IT IS NOT AT ALL UNLIKELY ?AT IF ! ,BOYL%EVIKI ATTA9 TO COMPLETE ECONOMIC & SOCIAL P[] 9 ,RUSSIA1 ! COMB9$ GOV]NM5TS MI<T MAKE COMMON CAUSE ) ,G]MAN ,IMP]IALISM 9 ORD] TO CRU% ! ,BOYL%EVIKI4 ,IT CAN BE SAFELY PR$ICT$ ?AT ! IMP]IALI/IC ELEM5TS WILL JO9 ! B\RGEOISIE TO DEFEAT ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION4 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI >E ALIVE TO !SE DANG]S & >E US+ ! MO/ EFFECTIVE MEASURES TO COMBAT !M4 ,!IR 9FLU5CE ON ! PROLET>IAT ( ,G]MANY & ,AU/RIA HAS BE5 IMMEASURABLE4 ,RETURN+ ,G]MAN PRISON]S ( W> >E C>RY+ ! MESSAGE ( ,BOYL%EVISM 9TO TR5* & B>RACKS1 9 TO ! FIELDS & FACTORIES1 AWAK5+ ! PEOPLE TO ! ONLY P[] ?AT CAN CRU% AUTOCRACY4 ,! $UCATIONAL WORK ( ! ,BOYL%EVIKI AMONG ! ,G]MAN PEOPLE IS BEG9N+ TO HAVE ITS EFFECT4 ,C]TA9LY IT HAS ALREADY ACCOMPLI%$ A HUNDR$-FOLD MORE ?AN ALL ! PRAT+S ( ! ,ALLIES AB\T ! NECESSITY ( SPREAD+ REVOLT 9 ! ,C5TRAL ,EMPIRES4 

,EV5 ?\< ! ,BOYL%EVIKI %\LD FAIL 9 ACTUALLY C>RY+ \T !IR WOND]FUL DREAM1 !IR CONCEPTION & UNIV]SAL PEACE1 !IR ATTEMPT TO ALLY !MSELVS ) ALL ! OPPRESS$ PEOPLES ( ! WORLD1 !IR DEM& ?AT ! L& BE GIV5 TO ! PEASANTS & ?AT ! WORK]S :O PRODUCE ! WEAL? ( ! WORLD %\LD 5JOY ! ?+S !Y PRODUCE --- ! V]Y FACT ( !M BE+ & DEM&+ MU/ EX]T SU* 9FLU5CE UPON ! RE/ ( ! WORLD ?AT HUMAN BE+S CAN NEV] AGA9 BE QUITE SO COMMONPLACE1 SO CONT5T$ & ORD9>Y AS !Y W]E BE=E ! BOYL%EVIKI MADE !IR APPE>ANCE UPON ! HORIZON ( HUMAN LIFE4 

,?IS IS ! P>T ! ,BOYL%EVIKI >E PLAY+ 9 \R LIVES1 9 ! LIVES ( ! ,G]MAN1 ! ,FR5* & ALL ! O!R PEOPLES ( ! E>?4  ,WE CAN NEV] BE ! SAME1 BECAUSE AT ALL TIMES1 9 MOM5TS ( DESPAIR1 9 MOM5TS ( PESSIMISM1 9 MOM5TS :5 WE BELIEVE EV]Y?+ CRU%$1 WE %ALL TURN T[>D ,RUSSIA & !RE BEHOLD ! ,GREAT ,HOPE RIS51 9C>NATE1 BREAK+ UP ! BLACKNESS ?AT HAS FILL$ \R HE>TS ) ! HATR$ ( \R BRO!RS1 P>ALYZ$ \R M9DS & *A9$ \R LIMBS1 B5T \R BACKS & EMASCULAT$ \R WILLS4 

,! ,BOYL%EVIKI HAVE COME TO *ALL5GE ! WORLD4  ,IT CAN NEV]MORE RE/ 9 ITS OLD SORDID 9DOL5CE4  ,IT MU/ ACCEPT ! *ALL5GE4  ,IT HAS ALREADY ACCEPT$ IT 9 ,G]MANY1 9 ,AU/RIA & ,ROMANIA1 9 ,FRANCE & ,ITALY1 AYE1 EV5 9 ,AM]ICA4  ,LIKE SUDD5 SUNLI<T ,BOYL%EVISM IS SPREAD+ OV] ! 5TIRE WORLD1 ILLUM9AT+ ! GREAT ,VISION & W>M+ IT 9TO BE+ --- ! ,NEW ,LIFE ( HUMAN BRO!RHOOD & SOCIAL WELL-BE+4 

,S\RCE3 0,! ,TRU? ,AB\T ! ,BOL%EVIKI40 ,NEW ,YORK3 ,MO!R ,E>? ,PUBLI%+ ,ASSOCIATION1 #a#i#a#h4 

,FROM 3 ,AN>*Y ,>*IVES4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aiag 3 ,! ,TRU? ,AB\T ! ,BOL%EVIKI -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JANU>Y #b#e1 #bag 3 ,! ,TRU? ,AB\T ! ,BOL%EVIKI -- ,ADD$4 
,DECEMB] #c1 #bba 3 ,! ,TRU? ,AB\T ! ,BOL%EVIKI -- ,UPDAT$4 

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