,P>T #c1 ,*APT] #c 
,T[>D ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION 

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,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,VOL9E 

,TEXT 3 

,*APT] #c4 ,T[>D ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION 

  

,! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T =M$ BY ! ,DUMA WAS ( C\RSE /RICTLY B\RGEOIS & CONS]VATIVE4 ,ITS MEMB]S1 ,PR9CE ,LVOV1 ,GUT*KOV1 ,MILI\KOV1 & O!RS 7) ! EXCEPTION ( ,K]5SKY1 :O WAS VAGUELY ,SOCIALI/7 NE>LY ALL BELONG$ POLITICALLY TO ! ,CON/ITUTIONAL ,DEMOCRATIC P>TY2 SOCIALLY TO ! PRIVILEG$ CLASSES4 ,= !M1 ONCE ABSOLUTISM WAS OV]?R[N1 ! ,REVOLUTION WAS OV]4 ,9 REALITY IT HAD ONLY BEGUN4 

,N[1 !Y WANT$ TO 0REE/ABLI% ORD]01 AMELIORATE LITTLE BY LITTLE ! G5]AL SITUATION 9 ! C\NTRY & AT ! BATTLE-FRONT1 0PU%0 ! W> MORE ACTIVELY ?AN EV]1 9SPIRE IT ) NEW SPIRIT1 & ESPECIALLY PREP>E PEACEFULLY = ! CALL+ ( ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY1 :I* W\LD E/ABLI% ! NEW FUNDAM5TAL LAWS ( ! NATION1 ! NEW POLITICAL REGIME1 & ! NEW =M ( GOV]NM5T4 ,H5CE=? ! PEOPLE HAD ONLY TO WAIT PATI5TLY & PRUD5TLY1 LIKE ! GOOD *ILDR5 ?AT !Y W]E1 = ! FAVORS :I* !SE NEW MA/]S W\LD GRANT !M4 

,!SE NEW MA/]S1 ! MEMB]S ( ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T1 NATURALLY SAW !MSELVES AS GOOD MOD]ATE B\RGEOISIE1 :O W\LD USE !IR P[]S LIKE ?OSE 9 O!R 0CIVILIZ$0 C\NTRIES4 ,& ! POLITICAL \TLOOK ( ?AT REGIME DID NOT GO BEYOND A NICE CON/ITUTIONAL MON>*Y4 ,AT MO/ SOME ( ITS MEMB]S P]HAPS TIMIDLY 5VISAG$ A V]Y MOD]ATE B\RGEOIS REPUBLIC4 ,! AGR>IAN QUE/ION1 ! QUE/ION ( ! WORK]S1 ET CET]A1 W\LD ,JBE RESOLV$ BY ! FUTURE E/ABLI%$ GOV]NM5T1 9 ! MANN] ( ! 0PROV50 WE/]N MODELS4 

,9 ! LA/ ANALYSIS1 ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T WAS MORE OR LESS SURE ( BE+ ABLE TO UTILIZE ! PREP>ATORY -P]IOD = /ALL+1 IF NE$ BE1 & = RE/OR+ ! MASSES TO CALMNESS01 DISCIPL9E1 & OB$I5CE1 9 CASE !Y %\LD EVID5CE TOO VIOL5TLY !IR DESIRE TO GO BEYOND ! LIMITS ?US PROCLAIM$4 ,IT F9ALLY OCCUPI$ ITSELF ) ASSUR+1 BY BEH9D-!-SC5ES MANEUV]+1 A 0NORMAL0 ELECTION1 :I* W\LD RESULT1 AT ! DESIR$ MOM5T1 9 A PRUD5T & UPRI<T ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY -- B\RGEOIS1 ( C\RSE4 

,AT ?IS PO9T IT IS PLEASANT TO /ATE ?AT ! 0REALI/S01 ! 0E/ABLI%$0 POLITICIANS1 ! S*OL>S1 ! ECONOMI/S1 & ! SOCIOLOGI/S1 W]E WRONG 9 !IR CALCULATIONS4 ,! REALITY COMPLETELY ESCAP$ !M4 

,I RECALL ATT5D+1 9 ,NEW ,YORK1 9 ,APRIL OR ,MAY1 #a#i#a#g1 A ,RUSSIAN LECTURE BY AN HONORABLE PR(ESSOR :O MADE AN ELABORATE ANALYSIS ( ! COMPOSITION & PROBABLE ACTIONS ( ! =?COM+ ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY4 ,& ,I ASK$ ! RESPECTABLE PR(ESSOR A S+LE QUE/ION3 0,:AT DO Y\ =ESEE 9 CASE ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION GOES BEYOND ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY80 

,DISDA9FULLY 5\<1 & IRONICALLY1 ! EM95T LECTUR] SAID1 AS HIS ONLY REPLY1 ?AT HE WAS A 0REALI/0 & ?AT HIS HECKL] WAS 0SURELY AN ,AN>*I/1 :OSE FANTA/IC HYPO!SIS IS ( NO 9T]E/ TO ME40 ,BUT ! FUTURE SOON DEMON/RAT$ ?AT ! LE>N$ PR(ESSOR HAD MA/]FULLY DECEIV$ HIMSELF & ?AT HE HIMSELF WAS ! 0FANTA/IC0 ONE4 ,9 HIS TWO-H\R SPEE* HE HAD NEGLECT$ TO ANALYZE ONLY ONE EV5TUALITY3 ?AT :I* ACTUALLY TOOK PLACE A JEW MON?S LAT]4  

,H]E ,I W\LD LIKE TO ADD SOME P]SONAL REFLECTIONS4 

,9 #aiag ! REALI/S1 ! M5 ( POLITICS1 ! WRIT]S1 ! PR(ESSORS1 BO? ,RUSSIAN & =EIGN1 HAD1 ) FEW EXCEPTIONS1 SUP]CILI\SLY & SCORNFULLY FAIL$ TO PR$ICT ! TRIUMPH ( ,BOL%EVISM 9 ! ,RUSSIAN ,REVOLUTION4 ,9 \R TIME1 S9CE TRIUMPHANT ,BOL%EVISM IS1 & HAS BE5 = A %ORT P]IOD1 HI/ORICALLY SPEAK+1 AN ACCOMPLI%$ FACT1 MANY ( ?OSE G5TLEM5 >E WILL+ TO RECOGNIZE IT1 TO TAKE AN 9T]E/ 9 IT1 & CONC]N !MSELVES ) IT4 ,!Y EV5 RECOGNIZE -- AGA9 DECEIV+ !MSELVES MA/]FULLY -- ITS 0GREAT POSITIVE IMPORTANCE0 & 0ITS COMPLETE WORLD-WIDE TRIUMPH04 

,I AM ABSOLUTELY SURE ?AT1 ) ! SAME 0REALISM0 & 0CLAIRVOYANCE01 ! SAME >ROGANCE BE=E & ! SAME ASSURANCE AFT]W>DS1 !SE SAME G5TLEM5 WILL FAIL LO PR$ICT 9 TIME1 ONLY TO ACCEPT IT AFT] IT HAPP5S -- ! REAL & COMPLETE TRIUMPH ( ! LIB]T>IAN IDEA 9 ! WORLD-WIDE ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION4  

,?AT FIR/ PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T C]TA9LY DID NOT TAKE ACC\NT ( ! OB/ACLES :I* CONFRONT$ IT4 ,! MO/ S]I\S OB/ACLE WAS ! NATURE ( ! PROBLEMS ) :I* IT HAD TO DEAL BE=E ! CALL+ ( ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY4 7,& IT NEV] OCCURR$ TO ! ,GOV]NM5T LEAD]S ?AT ! WORK]S MI<T NOT WANT TO WAIT = ! =M+ ( ! ,ASSEMBLY & ?AT !Y W]E :OLLY )9 !IR RI<TS .<9 TAK+ ?AT POSITION.>4 

,FIR/1 ! PROBLEM ( ! W>4  

,DISILLUSION$ & EXHAU/$1 ! PEOPLE CONT9U$ ?AT W> AGA9/ !IR WILL1 OR AT ! MO/1 ) UTT] APA?Y4 ,= ! ,>MY WAS UND5IABLY BEAT51 BO? PHYSICALLY & MORALLY4 ,ON ! ONE H&1 ! MIS]ABLE CONDITIONS ( ! C\NTRY1 & ON ! O!R1 ! ,REVOLUTION1 HAD DEF9ITELY UPSET IT4 

,TWO SOLUTIONS W]E POSSIBLE3 TO 5D ! W>1 CONCLUDE A SEP>ATE PEACE1 DEMOBILIZE ! ,>MY1 & BE CONC]N$ SOLELY ) DOME/IC PROBLEMS -- OR ATTEMPT ! IMPOSSIBLE TASK ( MA9TA9+ ! BATTLE-FRONT1 RE/OR+ DISCIPL9E1 0REVIV+0 ! MORALE ( ! ,>MY1 & CONT9U+ ! W> AT ANY CO/1 AT LEA/ UNTIL ! ,CON /ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY WAS CALL$4 

,OBVI\SLY ! FIR/ SOLUTION WAS UNACCEPTABLE TO A 0PATRIOTIC' B\RGEOIS GOV]NM5T1 ALLI$ TO O!R BELLIG]5TS & CONSID]+ IT A 0NATIONAL DISGRACE0 TO BREAK ?AT ALLIANCE4 ,FUR!RMORE1 9AS MU* AS ! ,GOV]NM5T WAS 0PROVISIONAL0 IT FELT OBLIG$ TO FOLL[ ! .<CONV5TIONAL.> IORMULA3 0,NO IMPORTANT *ANGES BE=E ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY IS CALL$2 IT WILL HAVE FULL RI<T TO MAKE ANY DECISIONS40 

,SO ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T ADOPT$ ! SECOND SOLUTION ,BUT UND] ! EXI/+ CIRCUM/ANCES ?IS WAS UNREALIZABLE4 

,?IS PO9T MU/ BE 9SI/$ ON1 = G5]ALLY IT IS NOT GIV5 5\< EMPHASIS4 

,! MA*9E CALL$ ! 0B\RGEOIS ,/ATE0 BROKE D[N 9 ,RUSSIA 9 ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#i#a#g4 ,ITS PURPOSE & ITS ACTIVITY HAD ALWAYS BE5 CONTR>Y TO ! 9T]E/S & ASPIRATIONS ( ! PEOPLE4 ,S9CE ! LATT]1 = ! MOM5T1 HAD BECOME MA/]S ( !IR [N DE/9IES1 IT C\LD NOT BE REPAIR$ & PUT BACK 9TO WORK+ ORD]4 ,= IT IS ! PEOPLE :O MAKE SU* A MA*9E RUN -- :E!R UND] COMPULSION OR FREELY -- & NOT ! GOV]NM5TS4 ,! BROK5 APP>ATUS C\LD NEI!R EX]CISE NOR REE/ABLI% RULE BY =CE4 ,& ! PEOPLE NO LONG] 0M>*$0 VOLUNT>ILY T[>D GOALS ?AT W]E NOT !IR [N4 

,H5CE IT WAS NECESS>Y TO REPLACE ! DISABL$ APP>ATUS ) ANO!R ONE1 ADAPT$ TO ! NEW SITUATION1 9/EAD ( LOS+ TIME & /R5G? 9 VA9 EF=TS TO GET IT RUNN+ AGA94 

,! B\RGEOIS & NATIONALI/ GOV]NM5T C\LDN'T UND]/& ?IS4 ,IT 9SI/$ ON MA9TA9+ BO? ! 0MA*9E0 & ! EVIL H]ITAGE ( ! FALL5 REGIME1 ! W>4 ,ON ?IS ACC\NT IT WAS MAK+ ITSELF 9CREAS+LY UNPOPUL>4 ,& ) ! MA*9E .<! B\RGEOIS ,/ATE.> BROK51 WAS P[]LESS TO GO AHEAD1 TO IMPOSE ITS W>-LIKE WILL4 

,?IS FIR/ PROBLEM ( ! H\R1 ! MO/ S]I\S1 ! MO/ IMM$IATE1 WAS ?US 9EVITABLY CONDEMN$ TO REMA9 UNSOLV$ BY ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T4 

,! SECOND ?ORNY PROBLEM WAS ! AGR>IAN QUE/ION4 

,RUSSIA'S PEASANTS -- :O MADE UP #he P]C5T1 ( ! POPULATION -- ASPIR$ TO POSSESS ! L&4 ,! ,REVOLUTION GAVE !SE ASPIRATIONS AN IRRESI/IBLE =CE4 ,HAV+ BE5 R$UC$ TO IMPOT5CE1 EXPLOIT$1 & DUP$ = C5TURIES1 ! PEASANT MASSES NO LONG] W\LD PAY ATT5TION TO ANY?+ ELSE4 ,!Y NE$$ ! L&1 AT ALL CO/S1 & IMM$IATELY1 )\T PROTOCOL OR C]EMONY4 

,NEI!R PHYSICALLY NOR MORALLY C\LD ,RUSSIA CONT9UE ! W>4 ,REFUSAL ( ! ,CZ>I/ GOV]NM5T TO RECOGNIZE ?AT FACT WAS ! IMM$IATE CAUSE ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,& SO LONG AS ?IS IMPOSSIBILITY CONT9U$1 ANY GOV]NM5T :I* FAIL$ TO RECOGNIZE IT W\LD1 LOGICALLY1 FALL LIKE ?AT ( ! ,CZ>4 

,TO BE SURE1 ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T HOP$ TO BE ABLE TO ALT] ! SITUATION1 TO 5D ! *AOS1 REORGANIZE ! C\NTRY1 GIVE IT NEW 5]GY4 ,BUT !SE W]E ILLUSIONS2 NEI!R ! AVAILABLE TIME NOR ! /ATE ( M9D ( ! MASSES W\LD P]MIT IT4 

,BACK 9 #a#i#e1 AT ! ,PEASANT ,CONGRESS CALL$ %ORTLY AFT] ! ,MANIFE/O ( ,OCTOB] #ag 7:ILE ! 0LIB]TIES0 /ILL EXI/$71 9 PREP>ATION = ! CALL+ ( ! ,DUMA1 NUM]\S DELEGATES HAD ACT$ AS SPOKESM5 = ! ASPIRATIONS .<( ! RURAL MASSES.>4 

0,ANY M5TION ( R$EMPTION ( ! L& REVOLTS ME10 ONE ( ?OSE PEASANT DELEGATES DECL>$4 0,!Y PROPOSE ?AT WE REIMBURSE ! 5SLAV]S ( YE/]DAY1 :O1 EV5 9 \R [N DAY1 AID$ BY ! FUNCTION>IES1 HAVE MADE \R LIFE 9TO AN OB/ACLE C\RSE4 ,HAV5'T WE ALREADY REIMBURS$ !M SUFFICI5TLY BY PAY+ R5T8 ,IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO MEASURE ! B>RELS ( BLOOD ) :I* WE HAVE WAT]$ ! SOIL4 ,& ?AT'S NOT ALL2 ) !IR [N MILK1 \R GR&MO!RS NURS$ ! HUNT+ DOGS ( !SE G5TLEM54 ,ISN'T ?AT R$EMPTION8 

0,= C5TURIES WE HAVE BE5 GRA9S ( S& BL[N BY ! W9D4 ,& !Y W]E ! W9D4 ,& N[ WE HAVE TO PAY AGA98 ,OH1 NO4 ,!RE IS NO NE$ = DIPLOMATIC DISCUSSION4 ,!RE IS ONLY ONE JU/ WAY -- ! REVOLUTION>Y WAY4 ,O!RWISE !Y WILL FOOL US ONCE MORE4 ,ANY?+ ?AT SPEAKS ( 'R$EMPTION' IS A COMPROMISE4 ,COMRADES1 DON'T REPEAT ! ]ROR ( Y\R FA!RS4 ,9 #ahfa !Y .<! 5SLAV]S.> W]E CLEV]] ?AN WE1 & !Y HAD US2 !Y GAVE US ONLY A LITTLE BECAUSE ! PEOPLE DID NOT TAKE EV]Y?+40 

0,WE NEV] SOLD !M ! L&10 PEASANTS FROM ! ,OREL REGIO PROTE/$4 0,!RE=E WE DON'T HAVE TO R$EEM IT4 ,ALREADY WE HAVE PAID 5\< BY WORK+ = AN 9HUMANLY L[ WAGE4 ,NO1 9 NO CASE WILL WE PAY A R$EMPTION4 ,MY ,LORD DIDN'T GET ! L& FROM ! MOON2 HIS GR&P>5TS SEIZ$ IT40 

0,R$EMPTION W\LD BE A FLAGRANT 9JU/ICE TO ! PEOPLE10 DELEGATES FROM ! ,KAZAN DI/RICT AV]R$4 0,! PEOPLE \<T TO RECEIVE A RECEIPT$ BILL ( SALE ) ! L&4 ,=1 9 FACT1 !SE G5TLEM5 NEV] B\<T ?AT L&4 ,!Y CONFISCAT$ IT1 TO SELL IT LAT]40 

,& O!R PEASANTS TOLD ! EM95T SAVANT ,NFIKOLAI8.> ,RUBA-K91 SOMETIME BETWE5 #ahig & #a#i#f3 0,ALL !SE G5TLEM5 -- ,ORLOV1 ,DEMID(F1 ,BALA*(F -- GOT !IR L& FREE FROM ! ,CZ>S & ,CZ>9AS AS PRES5TS4 ,& N[ !Y WANT US TO R$EEM I AT SU* PRICES8 ,?AT IS NOT ONLY 9JU/ICE1 IT IS OP5 ROBB]Y 

,?IS EXPLA9S :Y ! PEASANTS DID NOT WANT TO WAIT ANY LONG] .<9 #a#i#a#g.>4 ,NE>LY EV]Y:]E !Y W]E =?RI<TLY EXPROPRIAT+ ! L&1 DRIV+ \T ANY L&LORDS :O HAD NOT ALREADY FL$4 ,?US !Y HAD SOLV$ ! 0AGR>IAN QUE/ION0 9 !IR [N WAY & BY !MSELVES1 )\T BO!R+ AB\T DELIB]ATIONS1 MA*9ATIONS1 & ! DECISIONS ( ! ,GOV]NM5T OR ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY4 ,& ! ,>MY1 COMPOS$ PRIM>ILY ( PEASANTS1 C]TA9LY WAS READY TO SUPPORT ?IS DIRECT ACTION4 

,! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T WAS UNDECID$ :E!R TO ACCEPT ! SITUATION OR TO RESI/ IT -- ?AT IS TO /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! REVOLT+ PEASANTS1 & ALSO1 ALMO/ 9EVITABLY1 AGA9/ ! ,>MY AS WELL4 ,SO NATURALLY IT ADOPT$ ! TACTIC ( WAIT+1 HOP+1 AS ) ! PROBLEM ( W>1 TO BE ABLE TO >RANGE ?+S BY MANEUV]+ 9TELLIG5TLY & SKILLFULLY4 ,! ,GOV]NM5T SPOKESM5 ADJUR$ ! PEASANTS TO WAIT PATI5TLY = ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY1 :I*1 !Y SAID1 W\LD HAVE ! RI<T TO E/ABLI% ALL LAW1 & C]TA9LY W\LD GIVE FULL SATISFACTION TO ! PEASANTS4 ,BUT NO?+ CAME ( ?IS4 ,!SE APPEALS W]E = ! MO/ P>T FUTILE1 & ?IS TACTIC HAD NO *ANCE ( SUCCESS4 ,= ! PEASANTS DID NOT HAVE ! LEA/ CONFID5CE 9 ! WORDS ( ! 0G5TLEM50 9 P[]4 ,!Y HAD BE5 FOOL$ (T5 5\<6 ,& !Y FELT /RONG 5\< N[ TO TAKE ! L&4 ,TO !M ?IS WAS ONLY JU/ICE4 ,IF SOMETIMES !Y HESITAT$ AGA91 IT WAS ONLY \T ( FE> ( BE+ PUNI%$ = ! ACTS !Y W]E COMMITT+4 

,TOO1 ! PROBLEM ( ! 9DU/RIAL WORK]S WAS AS 9SOLUBLE BY A B\RGEOIS GOV]NM5T AS ?AT ( ! PEASANTS4 ,! MASSES ( ?OSE WORK]S S\<T TO OBTA9 FROM ! ,REVOLUTION A MAXIMUM ( WELL-BE+ & ( .<! E/ABLI%M5T (.> RI<TS TO A M9IMUM4 ,IMM$IATE & V]Y S]I\S /RUGGLES W]E =ESEEABLE 9 ?IS FIELD ( CONFLICT4 ,& BY :AT MEANS WAS ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T GO+ TO MA9TA9 ITS POSITION8 

,ALSO ! PURELY ECONOMIC PROBLEM WAS EXCE$+LY DIFFICULT1 BECAUSE IT WAS CLOSELY RELAT$ TO ! O!R PROBLEMS1 ON ! ONE H&1 & MOREOV]1 COP+ ) IT C\LD NOT BE DELAY$4 ,9 ! MID/ ( W> & REVOLUTION1 ) A *AOTIC SITUATION 9 A DISRUPT$ C\NTRY1 IT WAS NECESS>Y TO ORGANIZE PRODUCTION ANEW1 AS WELL AS TRANSPORTATION1 EX*ANGES1 F9ANCE1 ET CET]A4 

,!RE REMA9$1 F9ALLY1 ! POLITICAL PROBLEM4 ,UND] ! EXI/+ CIRCUM/ANCES !RE WAS NO VALID SOLUTION = IT4 ,! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T HAD ( C\RSE ASSIGN$ ! TASK ( CALL+ ! ,CON/ITU5T ,ASSEMBLY 9 ! NE> FUTURE4 ,BUT = A ?\S& REASONS .<ATTA9M5T (.> ?IS TASK C\LD NOT SUCCE$4 ,ABOVE ALL1 ! GOV]NM5T DREAD$ ! OP5+ ( ?AT ,ASSEMBLY4 ,CONTR>Y TO ITS PROMISES1 ITS FONDE/ HOPE WAS TO PO/PONE ! ,ASSEMBLY AS LONG AS POSSIBLE1 & MEAN:ILE IT W\LD SEEK ! 9/ALLATION1 ?R\< SOME =TUNATE TURN ( LUCK1 ( A 0CON/ITUTIONAL0 MON>*Y4 ,BUT PRES5TLY O!R P]IL\S OB/ACLES >OSE4 

,! MO/ S]I\S WAS ! RESURRECTION ( ! WORK]S' ,SOVIETS1 NOTABLY ! ,PETROGRAD ,SOVIET4 ,?IS HAD BE5 REE/ABLI%$ 9 ! V]Y FIR/ DAYS ( ! ,REVOLUTION -- BY TRADITION1 & ALSO AS 9 #a#i#e1 9 DEFAULT ( O!R WORK]S' ORGANIZATIONS4 ,TRUE1 AT ?AT MOM5T ! 9DU/RIAL WORK]S W]E UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( ! MOD]ATE ,SOCIALI/S1 ,M5%EVIKS1 & RI<T ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION>IES4 ,BUT1 ALL ! SAME1 !IR IDEOLOGY & PROGRAM WAS ABSOLUTELY CONTR>Y TO ! PROJECT ( ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T1 & NATURALLY ! MORAL 9FLU5CE & ACTIVITY ( ! ,PETROGRAD ,SOVIET SOON BEGAN TO CONFLICT ) ?AT ( ! ,GOV]NM5T1 TO ! DETRIM5T ( ! LATT]4 

,! ,PETROGRAD ,SOVIET WAS A SORT ( SECOND GOV]NM5T = ! C\NTRY4 ,IT SET ! TONE ( ALL ! VA/ NETWORK ( PROV9CIAL ,SOVIETS & CO-ORD9AT$ !IR ACTIVITY4 ,BE+ ?US SUPPORT$ BY ! WORK+ CLASS ( ! :OLE C\NTRY1 IT QUICKLY BECAME P[]FUL4 ,ALSO IT /EADILY GA9$ MORE & MORE 9FLU5CE 9 ! ,>MY4 ,BE=E LONG ! ORD]S ( ! ,SOVIETS (T5 C>RI$ F> MORE WEI<T ?AN ?OSE ( ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T4 ,UND] SU* CONDITIONS ! LATT] WAS OBLIG$ TO DEAL C>EFULLY ) ! ,SOVIETS4 

,IT GOES )\T SAY+ ?AT ! ,GOV]NM5T W\LD HAVE PREF]R$ TO FI<T !M4 ,BUT TO TAKE ?IS ACTION AGA9/ ! ORGANIZ$ WORK]S ON ! MORR[ ( A REVOLUTION :I* HAD L\DLY PROCLAIM$ ABSOLUTE FRE$OM ( SPEE*1 ( ORGANIZATION1 & ( SOCIAL ACTION1 WAS IMPOSSIBLE4 ,= ON :AT REAL =CE C\LD IT DEP5D TO C>RY \T ?AT TASK8 ,IT HAD NONE4 

,ACCORD+LY ! ,GOV]NM5T WAS COMPELL$ TO MAKE ! MO/ ( A BAD SITUATION1 TO TOL]ATE ITS P[]FUL RIVAL1 & EV5 TO 0FLIRT0' ) IT4 ,! PROVISIONAL REGIME WELL KNEW ! FRAGILITY ( ! SYMPA?IES IT HAD AMONG ! WORK]S & 9 ! ,>MY4 ,IT WAS KE5LY AW>E ?AT 9 ! FIR/ S]I\S SOCIAL CONFLICT ?OSE TWO DECISIVE =CES 9DUBITABLY W\LD SIDE ) ! ,SOVIETS4 

,AS ALWAYS IT 0HOP$04 ,IT S\<T TO GA9 TIME4 ,BUT ! PRES5CE ( ?IS SECOND 0DIRECTORATE01 UN(FICIAL1 BUT ?REAT5+1 & ) :I* IT HAD TO DEAL1 COMPRIS$ ONE ( ! BIGGE/ OB/ACLES ?AT ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T -- (FICIAL BUT P[]LESS -- MU/ SURM\NT4 

,! VIOL5T CRITICISM & VIGOR\S PROPAG&A BY ALL ! ,SOCIALI/ P>TIES1 & ESPECIALLY ! EXTREME LEFTI/ ELEM5TS 7LEFT ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION>IES1 ,BOL%EVIKS1 ,AN>*I/S7 ALSO W]E NOT TO BE DISREG>D$4 ,=1 NATURALLY1 ! ,GOV]NM5T C\LD NOT HAVE REC\RSE TO REPRESSIVE MEASURES AGA9/ FRE$OM ( SPEE*4 ,& EV5 IF IT HAD D>$ DO ?IS1 :]E W]E ! =CES TO C>RY \T ITS ORD]S8 ,IT HAD NONE AT ITS DISPOSAL4 

,EV5 A P[]FUL B\RGEOISIE1 ORGANIZ$ & /RONGLY 5TR5*$1 :I* ALREADY HAD )/OOD MORE ?AN ONE COMBAT ) OPPOSITIONAL =CES & POSSESS+ P[]FUL MAT]IAL =CES 7POLICE4 ,>MY1 MONEY1 ET CET]A7 W\LD HAVE BE5 H>D PUT TO >RIVE AT A SATISFACTORY SOLUTION TO SO MANY PROBLEMS & TO IMPOSE ITS WILL & ITS PROGRAM 9 ! FACE ( ! EXI/+ SITUATION4 ,& SU* A B\RGEOISIE DID NOT EXI/ 9 ,RUSSIA4 ,AS A CLASS CONSCI\S ( ITS [N 9T]E/S1 ! CAPITALI/ CLASS 9 ?AT C\NTRY WAS SC>CELY BEG9N+ TO EXI/4 ,WEAK1 UNORGANIZ$1 & )\T TRADITION OR HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CE1 IT C\LD HOPE = NO SUCCESS4 ,ALSO IT WAS NOT ACTIVE4 

,SO1 REPRES5T+ 09 PR9CIPLE0 A H>DLY EXI/+ & 9ACTIVE B\RGEOISIE1 ! PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T WAS CONDEMN$ TO WORK 9 A VACUUM4 ,?IS WAS )\T D\BT ! BASIC CAUSE ( ITS FAILURE4 

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