,?9K+ FROM ! ,\TSIDE3 ,AVOID+ ,RECUP]ATION 

,TEXT 3 

,AVOID+ RECUP]ATION 9 AN>*I/ BUS9ESSES 

,:Y AN >TICLE ON RECUP]ATION1 9 AN ISSUE AB\T AN>*I/ BUS9ESSES8 ,! REASON IS ?AT ! TWO ISSUES >E 9TIMATELY 9T]CONNECT$4 ,AN>*I/ BUS9ESSES CON/ANTLY RUN ! RISK ( RECUP]ATION4 ,TO EXI/ AS A BUS9ESS1 AN AN>*I/ GR\P MU/1 9 MANY WAYS1 WORK )9 & ?R\< EXI/+ DOM9ANT /RUCTURES1 BO? F9ANCIAL & ORGANIZATIONAL4 ,?IS MEANS PLAY+ ! SY/EM'S GAME TO SOME DEGREE -- ALBEIT = ONE'S [N PURPOSES4 ,IF NOT DONE C>EFULLY1 ?IS CAN LEAD TO ! REPRODUCTION ( ! V]Y PRACTICES ONE TRIES TO ESCAPE1 AS ! SY/EMIC =M IMPOSES ITSELF ON ! SUBV]SIVE CONT5T4 ,& MANY ( ! FLAWS ( AN>*I/ PUBLI%+ BUS9ESSES -- ! DANG]S ( $ITORIAL DESPOTISM1 ( M>KET- OR FUND]-L$ P>AMET]S1 ( ! =MATION ( CLIQUES1 ( SIMPLY BE+ R$UC$ TO 9EFFECTUALITY BY ! REPETITIVE R\T9ES ( PUBLICATION -- CAN BE VIEW$ AS PROBLEMS ( RECUP]ATION1 PROBLEMS ?AT HAVE BESET MANY AN>*I/ PUBLICATIONS OV] TIME4 

,( C\RSE1 AN>*I/ GR\PS CAN ALSO EXI/ AS NON-BUS9ESSES1 AS PREFIGURATIVE OR GIFT ECONOMIES1 AS GR\PS ) NO =MAL EXI/5CE1 AS 5CROA*]S ON PROP] SPACES 7SQUATT+ = 9/ANCE74 ,BUT !RE >E SOME ?+S IT IS EASI] TO DO US+ /RUCTURES ALREADY 9 PLACE4 ,P>T ( ! PROBLEM IS ?AT ! SY/EM & ITS ALLIES HAVE 9 FACT SEIZ$ CONTROL ( MO/ ( ! SOCIAL FIELD4 ,IT IS ?US (T5 DIFFICULT1 MAYBE IMPOSSIBLE1 TO WORK 5TIRELY FROM ! \TSIDE4 ,SO ?IS >TICLE SETS \T TO EXPLORE AN ISSUE C5TRAL TO ! OP]ATION ( AN>*I/ BUS9ESSES -- H[ 7IF AT ALL7 CAN ONE WORK )9 ! DOM9ANT SY/EM 7OR SOME P>T ( IT1 SU* AS ! PUBLI%+ M>KET71 )\T BE+ RECUP]AT$ BY IT8 

,RECUP]ATION & 9T5TIONALITY 

,FROM A ,/IRN]IAN POSITION1 OR ?AT ( A BRICOLEUR LOOK+ = TOOLS1 !RE IS NO?+ WRONG ) US+ ! SY/EM AGA9/ ITSELF1 ) US+ ! MA/]'S TOOLS SO TO SPEAK4 ,IF SOME?+ S]VES ONE'S PURPOSE1 IT IS A GE/URE ( ,/IRN]IAN EGOISM TO PICK IT UP & USE IT4 ,A PROBLEM >ISES1 H[EV]1 BECAUSE 9 US+ ! SY/EM'S TOOLS1 ONE MAY BE /R5G!N+ IT 9 SOME WAY -- RE9=C+ ITS CLAIM TO BE ! ONLY GAME 9 T[N1 GIV+ IT ! APPE>ANCE ( LEGITIMACY1 CONTRIBUT+ 9 SOME WAY TO ITS APP>ATUSES 7AS :5 AN>*I/ BOOKS CONTRIBUTE TO ! PR(ITS ( MA9/REAM BOOKSELL]S74 ,/RUCTURES & TOOLS HAVE !IR [N P]SONALITIES1 :I* CAN 9FLU5CE ! US]4 ,AN 9=M$ TOOL-US] IS ?US FAC$ ) A DILEMMA OV] :E!R1 9 US+ ?IS TOOL AT ?IS MOM5T1 S_/HE IS REALLY S]V+ H] OR HIS PURPOSE OR ! PURPOSE EMBODI$ 9 ! TOOL4 

,WORK+ 9SIDE ! SY/EM 9 ANY WAY IMM$IATELY CREATES DIFFICULTIES1 NOT LEA/ ! DANG]S ( RECUP]ATION1 RE=MISM1 & SELL+-\T4 ,!SE DANG]S HAVE A /RUCTURAL =M -- ! TURN+-AGA9/-ITSELF ( DESIRE1 ! CONV]SION ( AN ACTIVE =CE1 :I* USES ! EXT]NAL WORLD AS A S]IES ( TOOLS OR P>TN]S 9 DIALOGUE1 ) A REACTIVE =CE1 :I* COMES TO VALUE ! FIX$ =MS ( ! EXT]NAL WORLD AS GOODS 9 !MSELVES4 

,AN>*I/S DRAW B\ND>IES ALL ! TIME BETWE5 RECUP]AT$ & HYBRID ACTIONS1 BUT ! PROBLEM IS ?AT ! B\ND>IES >E ILL-DEF9$ & UND]-!ORIZ$4 ,MO/ AN>*I/S W\LD NOT1 = 9/ANCE1 REFUSE TO DEF5D !MSELVES 9 C\RT1 OR TO ACCEPT LEGAL DEF5SE1 9 ! EV5T ( BE+ ACCUS$ 7ESPECIALLY WRONGLY ACCUS$7 ( AN ACTION4 ,MO/ W\LD GIVE EVID5CE ?AT C\LD BE US$ TO EXON]ATE ANO!R AN>*I/4 ,YET MO/ VIEW VOT+ 9 AN ELECTION AS A /EP TOO F> -- EV5 9 AN EXTREME CASE1 :]E = 9/ANCE A FEW DOZ5 VOTES C\LD MEAN ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 A /&>D /ATI/ C&IDATE & A FULL-SCALE FASCI/1 OR :]E SOME C&IDATE PROMISES M9OR RE=MS ?AT C\LD MAKE LIFE EASI] = AN>*I/S 7REPEAL+ REPRESSIVE LAWS = 9/ANCE74 ,:Y IS IT ASSUM$ NOT TO BE POSSIBLE1 & LEGITIMATE1 = AN AN>*I/ TO VOTE /RATEGICALLY1 )\T ILLUSIONS ?AT POSITIVE *ANGE CAN COME FROM ! ELECTORAL SY/EM8 ,:Y IS ?IS RUL$ \T 9 ADVANCE8 ,!RE >E1 ( C\RSE1 G5]AL !ORETICAL REASONS = OPPOS+ VOT+ -- IT GRANTS LEGITIMACY TO ! SY/EM2 IT CAN BE TAK5 TO IMPLY CONS5T2 IT PRET5DS TO BE AN EX]CISE 9 FRE$OM1 :5 9 FACT IT ISN'T2 IT CAN'T HAVE A REAL IMPACT ON ! FUNDAM5TAL PROBLEMS4 ,BUT !SE G5]AL REASONS W\LD EQUALLY APPLY TO APPE>+ 9 C\RT 7REPLAC+ ! WORD 0FRE$OM0 ) 0JU/ICE10 & ! LA/ S5T5CE ) ! RECOGNITION ?AT ACQUITTALS ( ACTIVI/S DO NOT 9 !MSELVES CREATE A FAIR WORLD74 ,SO :Y ! DIFF]5CE8 ,P>T ( ! REASON1 TO BE SURE1 IS ?AT LEFTI/S DO 5C\RAGE VOT+1 & DO SO ) EXT5SIVE ILLUSIONS1 EV5 :ILE CLAIM+ ! OPPOSITE4 ,NOT VOT+ W\LD SEEM TO BE A PURI/ EX]CISE1 A K9D ( N>CISSI/IC ID5TIFICATION-BY-EXCLUSION4 ,BUT !RE MAY BE O!R REASONS4 ,MAYBE ! ELECTORAL SY/EM IS P>TICUL>LY PRONE TO PRODUCE UNWANT$ \TCOMES1 9 A WAY ! C\RT SY/EM IS NOT4 ,MAYBE IF SOMEONE VOTES1 !Y >E MORE LIKELY TO FEEL LOYAL TO C]TA9 RUL]S & TO FAIL TO RESI/ !M :5 NE$$4 ,IF SOMEONE VOTES = A C&IDATE :O PROMISES M9OR *ANGES1 IT W\LD BE H>D NOT TO FEEL SOLD-\T IF !Y DON'T DELIV]4 ,OR MAYBE IT'S ?AT !RE'S A SLIPP]Y SLOPE FROM AN 0AN>*I/ :O VOTES TACTICALLY0 TO LEFTI/ ELECTORALISM4 ,MAYBE IT'S ?AT ! IMPACT ( ONE VOTE IS SO SMALL ?AT IT IS 9SUFFICI5T TO (FSET ! CONSID]ABLE DANG]S4 ,BUT 9 ANY CASE1 IT'S SOME:AT P>ADOXICAL4 ,I'M NOT >GU+ ?AT ! DIFF]5T REACTIONS >E NECESS>ILY WRONG & ,I'M NOT SAY+ ?AT AN>*I/S %\LD RU% \T TO VOTE OR %\LD /OP DEF5D+ !MSELVES 9 C\RT4 ,BUT ! PO9T IS TO ?9K ?R\< :Y ! DIFF]5CE EXI/S1 & :E!R IT HAS A FIRM BASIS 9 ! ASSESSM5T ( ! SITUATION4 

,SO H[ TO DIFF]5TIATE RECUP]ATION FROM VALID TOOL-USE8 ,IT IS CRUCIAL H]E TO CONSID] ! QUE/ION ( 9T5TIONALITY4 ,9 EV]Y LIV+ ?+1 !RE IS A PROJECTION-\TW>DS1 AN AG5CY2 ! S5TI5T BE+ RELATES TO ! WORLD ?R\< ITS DESIRES1 ?R\< ITS MEAN+ 9 A BROAD S5SE 79 HUMANS1 ?IS 9CLUDES ?R\< ITS UNCONSCI\S MEAN+S & ITS SOCIAL & SYMBOLIC CON/RUCTS71 & IT RECON/RUCTS ! WORLD 9 L9E ) ?IS CON/RUCTION1 SEEK+ TO CREATE A WORLD :]E ITS DESIRES >E REALIZ$ -- ITS 0WILL TO P[]0 9 A ,NIETZS*EAN S5SE1 NOT NECESS>ILY A WILL TO DOM9ATE O!RS BUT A RECON/RUCTION ?AT MAKES ! WORLD 9 P>T ITS [N1 ?AT 0SPEAKS ) ITS [N VOICE40 ,EA* 9T5TIONALITY CONTA9S ITS [N P]SPECTIVE1 :I* IS NOT NECESS>ILY FALSE1 BUT :I* USES C]TA9 CONCEPTS OR ATTA*M5TS TO MAKE S5SE ( ! WORLD -- SOME ASPECTS ( ! WORLD /& \T MORE ?AN O!RS1 BECAUSE RELAT$ TO ONE'S DESIRES OR ONE'S CONCEPTUAL FRAME4 

,( C\RSE1 IT IS NOT ?IS SIMPLE -- !RE IS ALSO ! PROBLEM ( ! CONNECTION BETWE5 9T5TIONALITY & WORLD1 ! POSSIBILITY ?AT A FALSE OR FLAW$ P]CEPTION MI<T CREATE A CON/ANT GAP BETWE5 9T5TIONALITY & WORLD4 ,?IS IS ONE ( ! REASONS = ,SITUATIONI/S' HO/ILITY TO MANY K9DS ( 7PSEUDO-7RADICALISM -- ! REPETITIVE ADOPTION ( C]TA9 =MS ( AG5CY WAS TAK5 TO PRECLUDE RADICAL \TCOMES 9 ADVANCE4 ,A LEFTI/ MILITANT OR 79 A REC5T RECON/RUCTION7 A LIB]AL S+LE-ISSUE ACTIVI/ MI<T CONSCI\SLY 9T5D TO BR+ AB\T *ANGE1 BUT !Y >E /ILL RECUP]AT$ BECAUSE !IR AG5CY1 9 REPRODUC+ ! SY/EM1 PLACES AN 9SUP]ABLE HURDLE BETWE5 !IR 9T5T & ! S\<T \TCOME4.<#a.> ,OR1 ONE MI<T SAY1 !RE IS A CONTRADICTION BETWE5 9T5T & 9T5TIONALITY3 ! CONSCI\S 9T5T IS RADICAL1 BUT ! UNCONSCI\S 9T5TIONALITY BLOCKS IT2 IT CONTA9S ATTA*M5TS TO SY/EMATIC ASPECTS ( ! /ATUS QUO 7DIVISION ( LABOR1 SPECIALIZATION1 ID5TITY1 ORGANIZATION1 ELITISM7 ?AT 9S]T !MSELVES BETWE5 ! CONSCI\S 9T5T & ITS REALIZATION1 DI/ORT+ ! ACTION TO R5D] IT H>MLESS TO ! SY/EM4 ,A RECUP]AT$ PROJECT IS ?US ONE ?AT LOSES ITS TRANS=MATIVE 9T5TIONALITY4 

,IT IS !RE=E CRUCIAL TO ASK3 CAN ,I_/WE BE SURE ( MYSELF_/\RSELVES NOT TO LOSE RADICAL EXT]IORITY 9 9T]MIXTURE8 ,& H]E ONE F9DS ! G5ESIS ( PURISM3 A PURI/ IS SOMEONE :O LACKS ! C\RAGE ( H]_/HIS CONVICTIONS1 :O IS PRETTY SURE ?AT S_/HE WILL NOT )/& ! 9T]MIXTURE1 :O REALIZES UNCONSCI\SLY ?AT S_/HE IS ONLY A /EP OR TWO (F SLIPP+ BACK 9TO CON=MITY & :O ?US EXAGG]ATES DIFF]5CES TO CREATE A ZONE ( SAFETY4 ,?\< IT MAY NOT BE SO SIMPLE3 SOMETIMES ONE MAY HAVE WELL-F\ND$ WORRIES AB\T ! RESILI5CE ( ONE'S FELL[ ACTORS4 ,!N1 ( C\RSE1 !RE'S ! QUE/ION ( H[ CONFID5T ONE %\LD BE AB\T ONE'S RESILI5CE4 ,!RE IS ALWAYS ! POSSIBILITY ?AT UNCONSCI\S MOOR+S >E NOT AS FIRM AS ONE MI<T WI%2 & /RUCTURES1 >*ITECTURES1 9T]P]SONAL SETT+S1 ALL HAVE UNCONSCI\S IMPACTS ON ! SELF ?AT >E NOT ALWAYS CALCULABLE 9 ADVANCE4 ,SO ! QUE/ION BECOMES /RATEGIC4 ,IT IS NOT SIMPLY A MATT] ( SAY+ 9 ADVANCE ?AT C]TA9 PRACTICES >E RECUP]ATIVE & O!RS NOT4 

,!ORIZ+ RECUP]ATION 

,?REE SIMIL> BUT DI/9CT !ORIES ( RECUP]ATION CAN BE COMP>$4 ,! BE/-KN[N IS PROBABLY ! ,SITUATIONI/ V]SION4 ,9 ,SITUATIONI/ !ORY1 RECUP]ATION IS C\NT]POS$ TO DET\RNEM5T -- ! TURN+-ASIDE ( ! L9E FROM ITS EXT]NALIZ+ PROGRESSION4 ,TO AVOID RECUP]ATION1 ! TRICK IS TO KEEP ! L9E MOV+ \TW>DS1 EV5 :5 IT B\NCES (F ! WALLS ( ! SY/EM4 ,A L9E TURN$ ASIDE MU/ BE KEPT RUNN+ \TSIDE1 OR ELSE A NEW L9E />T$4 0,TO SURVIVE1 ! SPECTACLE MU/ HAVE SOCIAL CONTROL4 ,IT CAN RECUP]ATE A POT5TIALLY ?REAT5+ SITUATION BY %IFT+ GR\ND1 CREAT+ DAZZL+ ALT]NATIVES -- OR BY EMBRAC+ ! ?REAT1 MAK+ IT SAFE & !N SELL+ IT BACK TO US40.<#b.> ,?IS IS L9K$1 TOO1 TO ! IMM$IACY & TOTALISM ( ,SITUATIONI/ !ORY4 ,IMM$IACY1 BECAUSE DET\RNEM5T IS AN EXPRESSION ( DIRECT DESIRE2 RECUP]ATION (T5 WORKS BY MEANS ( DELAY$ GRATIFICATION1 P>TIAL SATISFACTION1 ! SUPPLANT+ ( ACTUALITY ) IMAGES4 ,TOTALISM1 BECAUSE A REVOLUTION>Y BREAK = ! ,SITUATIONI/S MEANT A BREAK ) ! TOTALITY ( CAPITALISM2 A FAILURE TO REJECT ! TOTALITY AM\NTS TO RECUP]ATION 7OBVI\SLY ?IS ID5TIFICATION ( A S+LE TOTALITY IS MORE ( A PROBLEM ONCE MICRO-SOCIAL OPPRESSIONS >E CONSID]$74 

,AUTONOMI/ ,M>XISM HAS A SIMIL> !ORY1 GO+ AS F> AS TO !ORIZE ! :OLE ( CAPITALISM AS RECUP]ATIVE4 ,WORK]S' LABOR IS CREATIVE1 AM\NT+ TO AN ACTIVE =CE2 CAPITALISM IS BUILT ?R\< ! CAPTURE & EXPLOITATION ( ?IS CREATIVITY1 TURN+ IT ASIDE FROM ITS 9T5TIONALITY 7( COMMUNISM OR ! COMMON7 & TURN+ IT AGA9/ ITSELF1 ?US KEEP+ ! SUBJECTIVE =CE ( LABOR OBJECTIFI$ BY CAPITAL4.<#c.> ,ON ?IS ACC\NT1 LABOR IS COMMUNI/ :5 IT RESI/S ! IMPOSITION ( ! COMMODITY =M1 & RECUP]AT$ :5 IT ACCEPTS ! SALE ( LABOR-P[] AS A COMMODITY4 ,:ILE USEFULLY !ORIZ+ ! IMPORTANCE ( DISSID5T CREATIVITIES = SU/A9+ ! SELF-TRANS=MATIONS ( ! SY/EM1 & ! EXT5T TO :I* :AT LIFE ! SY/EM A*IEVES IS BUILT FROM :AT IT /EALS OR DE/ROYS1 ?IS ACC\NT MISUND]/&S ! CAPITALI/ WORK-ECONOMY1 :]E WORK]S' ACTIVITY IS NOT SIMPLY EXPLOIT$ BUT IS ALSO CON/RUCT$ AS NONCREATIVE1 AS SUBORD9ATE4 ,BETWE5 ! REFUSAL & ! ABOLITION ( WORK LIES ! PROBLEM ( !ORIZ+ SOCIAL ACTIVITY \TSIDE ! CONF9ES ( ! WAGE-LABOR SY/EM3 ! QUE/ION ( :E!R A WORK+-CLASS SUBJECTIVITY FOCUS$ ON PRODUCTION CAN BE SEP>AT$ FROM ITS E/RANGEM5T 9 ! COMMODITY )\T A REJECTION ( ! PRIMACY ( WORK 9 LIFE1 & :E!R A NON-ALI5AT$ WORKPLACE 7PLACE ( WORK1 AS OPPOS$ TO SPACE = CREATIVITY & PLAY7 IS EI!R POSSIBLE OR DESIRABLE4 

,F9ALLY1 ,DELEUZE & ,GUATT>I HAVE A !ORY ( OV]COD+ & AXIOMATICS1 9 :I* ESCAP+ FL[S >E RE-9SCRIB$ 9 ! SY/EM BY MEANS ( BE+ ASSIGN$ A CODE OR AN AXIOM 7AS 9 NI*E M>KET+ & ID5TITY POLITICS = EXAMPLE74.<#d.> ,?IS !ORY IS IMPORTANT ALSO1 9 UND]/&+ ! BASIS = ?9K+ AB\T :AT ESCAPES & IS RECUP]AT$4 ,= ,SITUATIONI/S & AUTONOMI/S1 CREATIVE ACTIVITY T5DS TO BE ID5TIFI$ ) LABOR2 H5CE1 !IR CRITIQUES CANNOT BE FOLL[$ ?R\< 9TO A REJECTION ( ! WORK-SY/EM AS A :OLE -- REFUSAL ( WORK ALWAYS REMA9S 9 A T5SION ) P[] TO ! WORK]S4 ,IT IS ! REPLACEM5T ( WORK ) DESIRE AS ! BASIC CREATIVE =CE ?AT OP5S ! POSSIBILITY = A MORE RADICAL CRITIQUE -- & ALSO = !ORIZ+ MORE CLE>LY ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 HYBRID & RECUP]AT$ =MATIONS4 

,AN AN>*I/ 9T5TIONALITY IS ?US AN EXT]IOR 9T5TIONALITY1 DEF9$ BY ! EXT]IORITY ( ! DESIRE ?AT MOTIVATES IT 9 RELATION TO SY/EMS ( HI]>*Y & CONTROL4 ,& ! MA9T5ANCE ( 9T5TIONAL EXT]IORITY 7AT BO? CONSCI\S & UNCONSCI\S LEVELS7 IS ! L9*P9 ( AVOID+ RECUP]ATION4 ,?IS CONCLUSION WILL MAKE MORE S5SE IF DISCUSS$ 9 RELATION TO SPECIFIC 9/ANCES4 

,PURISM OR HYBRIDISM8 

,9 P>T1 ! ISSUE COMES D[N TO A QUE/ION ( PURISM OR HYBRIDISM4 ,A PURI/ APPROA* 9SI/S ON KEEP+ SEP>ATE FROM ANY POSSIBILITY ( CONTAM9ATION ) ! ,O!R1 MA9TA9+ A /RICT & RIGID B\ND>Y4 ,9 CONTRA/1 A HYBRID APPROA* SEEKS TO UND]M9E ! PURITY ( A HO/ILE ,O!R BY MEANS ( COMB9ATIONS & 9T]MIX+ ?AT BREAK D[N ! RIGID SEP>ATION4 ,UND]LY+ ! *OICE BETWE5 !SE APPROA*ES >E TWO FUR!R QUE/IONS4 ,FIR/1 IS AN AN>*I/ E?IC A MATT] ( SIMPLE DIFF]5TIATION1 ( SOME?+ EXI/+ )9 ! SY/EM ( SIGNIFI]S1 *OOS+ ONE OPTION OV] ANO!R1 OR IS IT AN E?IC ?AT BREAKS D[N ! DIFF]5TIAL CATEGORIES ( ! SY/EM8 ,SECOND1 >E HYBRIDITIES -- 9 G5]AL OR 9 P>TICUL> CASES -- A MEANS BY :I* AN>*ISM IS CONTAM9AT$ & WAT]$-D[N OR DE/ROY$ FROM ! \TSIDE1 OR A MEANS BY :I* ?IS \TSIDE IS ITSELF WAT]$-D[N & DE/ROY$8 ,! FIR/ QUE/ION IS PHILOSOPHICAL1 ! SECOND V]Y MU* PRACTICAL4 

,ON ! PHILOSOPHICAL QUE/ION1 ! ANSW] IS EASY4 ,9 FACT HYBRIDITY NE$ NOT BE SE5 AS A ?REAT4 ,AN>*Y IS A =CE ( FL[1 & FL[ CAN SURVIVE & FL\RI% ON 9T]MIX+4 ,IT IS1 RA!R1 APP>ATUSES ( FIXITY ?AT >E ?REAT5$ BY 9T]M+L+ & AMBIGUITY4 ,:]EV] A FL[ 5T]S 9TO A HYBRID ASSEMBLAGE )\T LOS+ ITS AFFIRMATIVE 5]GY1 IT IS ! /RUCTURE1 & NOT ! FL[1 ?AT IS WEAK5$4 ,FUR!R1 ! PURI/ DRIVE IS ITSELF REACTIVE1 EXPRESS+ SUBORD9ATION TO A SPOOK -- ! SPOOK ( ! CATEGORY ( AN>*I/ OR ACTIVI/1 CON/RUCT$ ! SAME WAY AS ANY O!R ID5TITY3 A SOCIAL ROLE BAS$ ON EXCLUSION4 ,! PURI/ ACTIVI/ IS NO DIFF]5T FROM A POLITICIAN OR A PRIE/2 !Y HOLD UP A C]TA9 ROLE AS ! BE>] ( SALVATION1 ALL ! TIME MOLD+ !IR [N DESIRES TO FIT ! ROLE & CA/IGAT+ O!RS = BE+ TOO LIB]AT$ 7OR 0NOT LIB]AT$ 5\<10 9 ! P>ADOXICAL /ANCE ( 0=C+ TO BE FREE074 ,9 AN>*Y1 !RE C\LD BE NO ROLES1 AS !RE W\LD BE NO RIGID CATEGORICAL B\ND>IES1 NO HI]>*IES ( MEAN+1 NO SUBORD9ATION ( DESIRE TO REPRES5TATION4 ,I SAY 0W\LD BE10 = IT IS NOT CLE> ?AT AN>*Y ( ?IS K9D HAS REALLY BE5 CREAT$1 EV5 AMONG AN>*I/S4 

,?US1 ONE ?REAT GIVES WAY TO ANO!R -- ! DESIRE TO REMA9 \TSIDE1 TO AVOID COMPLICITY1 CAN LEAD TO A /RUCTURAL IMITATION ( ! SY/EM1 ! CON/RUCTION ( A FIXITY1 AN APP>ATUS ( EXCLUSION4 ,PRECISELY 9 ITS REPETITION 9 9V]T$ =M ( :AT IT OPPOSES1 PURISM T5DS TO REPRODUCE ! /RUCTURES IT IS AGA9/1 EI!R BECAUSE IT IMITATES !M AS ITS ,O!R -- ! WAY = 9/ANCE1 >M$ GR\PS CAN TURN 9TO M9IATURE /ATE-LIKE >MIES -- OR BECAUSE IT NE$S :AT IT OPPOSES TO DEF9E ITS [N ID5TITY4 0,AN >M$ GANG80 ASK ! ,ITALIAN 9SURRECTIONI/ DEF5DANTS4 0,TOO POOR A ?+3 IT W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 ABLE TO CONTA9 \R EXCESSIVE 9T5TIONS4 ,TOO N>R[ A ?+3 IT W\LD ONLY CON/RICT \R UNCONTA9ABLE EXPLOSIONS40.<#e.> ,! PURITY ( SU* O!RNESS CANNOT CONTA9 ! FL[S ?AT ESCAPE ! SY/EM'S 9SCRIPTIONS2 ULTIMATELY IT REMA9S TRAPP$ 9 SU* 9SCRIPTIONS BY ITS SELF-R$UCTION TO ! SY/EM'S CATEGORIES4 

,EXT]IORITY 9 EV]YDAY LIFE 

,! /RATEGIC QUE/ION IS MORE COMPLICAT$4 ,A LOT DEP5DS ON H[ CONFID5T ONE CAN BE 9 ONE'S P[] AS AN ACTOR4.<#f.> ,9 A HYBRID SETT+1 :]E TWO 9T5TIONALITIES COLLIDE1 !RE IS A CLA% ( =CES1 A K9D ( MUTUAL PR$ATION4 ,?IS GIVES RISE TO QUE/IONS ( :I* 9T5TIONALITY IS SUCCE$+4 ,! ANSW] W\LD BE V]Y SIMPLE IF ! CLA% W]E ( ANTAGONI/IC =CES1 BUT IT IS MORE AB\T ! SURVIVAL CAPACITY ( AN E?IC & A SET ( ATTA*M5TS1 AB\T :E!R EA* =CE CAN SURVIVE ! 9T]MIXTURE )\T LOS+ ITSELF 9 ! O!R2 ! RESILI5CE1 SO TO SPEAK1 ( AN E?IC4.<#g.> ,IF AN E?IC IS FIRMLY E/ABLI%$ 9 ONE'S ATTA*M5TS & BELIEFS1 IT %\LD BE RESILI5T -- IT %\LD BE ABLE TO )/& ALL K9DS ( 9T]MIXTURES1 HYBRID ACTIONS1 ALLIANCES1 DIALOGUES1 & 0SLY CIVILITIES0 9TACT1 PROVID$ ! 9T5TIONALITY = 5T]+ 9TO !SE IS ITS [N4 

,H[ DO OPPRESS$ PEOPLES UNABLE 7= ! TIME BE+7 TO ESCAPE TYRANNY NEV]!LESS CON/RUCT WORLDS ( !IR [N8 ,RESE>* AB\T SLAVES1 PEASANTS1 WORK]S1 PRISON]S1 SUGGE/S A CON/ANT PATT]N4 ,FIR/ A NEW DISC\RSE IS CON/RUCT$ 9 SPACES ?AT >E CORDON$ (F FROM ! WID] SOCIETY1 A 0HIDD5 TRANSCRIPT0 9ACCESSIBLE TO ! MA/]S4.<#h.> ,SECOND1 ! PUBLIC DISC\RSE -- ! DISC\RSE IMPOS$ AS PUBLIC P]=MANCE BY ! MA/]S -- IS 9FLECT$ & SUBV]T$ 9 WAYS ?AT IMPORT LITTLE BITS ( ?IS HIDD5 TRANSCRIPT1 SOMETIMES VISIBLE ONLY TO ! OPPRESS$1 SOMETIMES =C+ SMALL MODIFICATIONS ?AT REWRITE ! (FICIAL DISC\RSE4 ,?IRD1 ! HIDD5 TRANSCRIPT BUR/S 9TO PUBLIC AT MOM5TS ( CRISIS & 9SURRECTION1 :5 ! PUBLIC TRANSCRIPT BECOMES UNSU/A9ABLE4 ,ITS PREVI\S COV]T EXI/5CE IS ?US H>DLY 9 VA92 ?R\< SU* MEANS1 ! SCRIPT IS WRITT5 = ! P]=MANCE TO COME4 ,JAMES ,SCOTT'S WORK ON ! PEASANTRY IS AWA% ) DISCUSSIONS ( !SE ISSUES4 ,9 ,VANEIGEM'S ,MOVEM5T ( ! ,FREE ,SPIRIT1 ! SAME PH5OM5ON IS DISCUSS$ 9 RELATION TO M$IEVAL ,EUROPEAN RELIGION4.<#i.> ,! T]M9OLOGY1 RITUALS1 & S*EMATA ( ! DOM9ANT RELIGION W]E GIV5 A DIFF]5T1 SUBV]SIVE1 CONT5T1 :I* MADE !M H>D] TO TRACK & SUPPRESS4 ,9 SLAVE SOCIETIES1 ONE C5TRAL =M ( HYBRID RESI/ANCE WAS ! HU% >BOR1 A SPACE CREAT$ 9 ! 9T]/ICES ( ! SLAVE SOCIETY = ! EXPRESSION ( ALT]NATIVE CONCEPTIONS & NASC5T RESI/ANCES4 

,]V+ ,G(FMAN'S ,ASYLUMS CONTA9S A REM>KABLE EXAMPLE ( A PRISON] :O /&S TO ATT5TION & 0YES SIRS0 ! GU>DS1 EV5 :ILE HID+ A PLANK BEH9D HIS BACK ?AT WILL BE US$ 9 AN ESCAPE TUNNEL4 0,AN 9MATE MEET+ & PASS+ AN (FIC] )\T CAUS+ ! (FIC] TO CORRECT ! PRISON]'S MANN]S APPE>S TO BE 444 PROP]LY ACCEPT+ ( HIS IMPRISONM5T4 ,BUT 444 SU* AN 9MATE MAY BE CONCEAL+ UND] HIS COAT A C\PLE ( B$ BO>DS TO BE US$ AS RO( TIMB]S 9 AN ESCAPE TUNNEL40 ,9 SU* A CASE1 ! 9MATE IS NOT ! P]SON ! GU>D SEES1 & IS NOT FULLY TRAPP$ )9 ! LIFE-WORLD SUPPOS$LY IMPOS$ 9 PRISON4 0,! 9MATE IS FIX$ 444 BUT HIS CAPACITIES HAVE MIGRAT$40.<#a.> 

,IT W\LD BE H>D TO TYPIFY SU* PRACTICES AS RECUP]AT$2 !Y REMA9 C>RI]S ( AN ALT]NATIVE 9T5TIONALITY1 ( AN 9SURRECTION>Y DESIRE ?AT EXCE$S ! LIMITS ( ! EXI/+ SY/EM4 ,BUT !Y 9VOLVE ON ! SURFACE :AT APPE>S TO BE RECUP]ATION -- :AT 9DE$1 IS (T5 DELIB]ATELY MADE TO SEEM AS RECUP]ATION TO ! P[]FUL4 ,?IS IS :AT ,HOMI ,BHABHA CALLS 0SLY CIVILITY0 -- PLAY+ ! CIVIL CITIZ5 9 FRONT ( ! P[]FUL1 BUT 9 A SLY WAY1 SO AS TO PULL ! WOOL OV] !IR EYES :ILE ALSO C>RY+ \T PLANS TO RESI/4 0,BETWE5 ! WE/]N SIGN & ITS COLONIAL SIGNIFICATION !RE EM]GES A MAP ( MISREAD+ ?AT EMB>RASSES ! RI<TE\SNESS ( RECORDATION & ITS C]TA9TY ( GOOD GOV]NM5T4 ,IT OP5S UP A SPACE ( 9T]PRETATION & MISAPPROPRIATION ?AT 9SCRIBES AN AMBIVAL5CE AT ! V]Y ORIG9S ( COLONIAL AU?ORITY40.<#a#a.> ,IT ?US CREATES A D5SITY TO EV]YDAY LIFE1 IMP5ETRABLE TO COLONIAL P[] -- AN O!RNESS ?AT CANNOT BE BR\<T )9 AN ABSORB+ DIALECTIC4.<#a#b.> 

,ON ! O!R H&1 !RE >E SITUATIONS :]E A PURE OR RADICAL ANTAGONISM BECOMES ! DEF9+ /ANCE ( AN OPPOSITION MOVEM5T4 ,?IS IS P>TICUL>LY COMMON 9 ! K9DS ( ANTI-COLONIAL MOVEM5TS DISCUSS$ BY AU?ORS SU* AS ,FRANTZ ,FANON & ,W>D ,*UR*ILL4 ,9 !SE CASES1 A SUBORD9ATE GR\P IS D5I$ ANY POSSIBILITY ( VOICE 9 ! SY/EM1 BUT IS CON/ANTLY SUBORD9AT$ TO ITS VIOL5CE1 TREAT$ AS ,O!R )9 ! SY/EM4 ,9 SU* CONTEXTS1 !RE IS NO COMMON GR\ND BETWE5 9CLUD$ & EXCLUD$1 & ANTAGONISMS BECOME %>P & ABRUPT4 ,A SIMIL> %>PNESS ( ANTAGONISM TYPIFIES ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 9CLUD$ & EXCLUD$ 9 CONTEMPOR>Y CONTROL SOCIETIES ACCORD+ TO ,ALFR$O ,BONANNO1 :O RECONFIGURES ! IDEA ( CLASS /RUGGLE >\ND 0! DIVISION ( CLASSES BETWE5 DOM9ATORS & DOM9AT$1 BETWE5 9CLUD$ & EXCLUD$40.<#a#c.> ,LABEL$ AS ANTI-SOCIAL OR 9HUMAN1 ! RADICALLY EXCLUD$ HAVE LITTLE POSSIBILITY = US+ ! SY/EM'S CATEGORIES AGA9/ IT2 !Y >E 9 A P]MAN5T CONDITION ( SOCIAL W>4 ,9 !SE CASES1 IT IS ! RADICALITY ( ! EXCLUSION ?AT NECESSITATES ! %>PNESS ( ! DIVIDE -- ?\< SOMETIMES1 ! TOTAL REBELLION ( ! EXCLUD$ IS ITSELF A K9D ( DIALOGUE -- AT BE/1 A 0NO0 TO ! SY/EM ?AT ATTEMPTS TO BE EV]Y:]E2 AT WOR/1 A SIMPLE RETURN TO RE=MI/ DEM& BY 9SURRECTION>Y MEANS4 ,EV5 9 ! WOR/ CASE1 ONE %\LD NOT UND]E/IMATE ! IMPORTANCE ( SU* DEM& = SURVIVAL & DIGNITY1 & ! TRANS=MATIVE POT5TIAL ( ! UNCONDITIONALITY ( SURVIVAL & DIGNITY :5 PURSU$ BY ! RADICALLY EXCLUD$4.<#a#d.> ,?IS K9D ( RADICAL ANTAGONISM IS C]TA9LY A P>T ( EV]YDAY RESI/ANCE1 BUT ! HYBRID TYPE IS PROBABLY MORE COMMON1 & ATTEMPT+ TO G5]ATE RADICAL ANTAGONISM 9 A CONTEXT :]E IT IS NOT /RUCTURALLY CON/RUCT$ RUNS ! RISK ( PURISM4 

,!ORIES ( EV]YDAY RESI/ANCE 

,TO FUR!R EXAM9E ! B\ND>Y BETWE5 RECUP]ATION & HYBRIDITY1 LET US COMP>E ?REE AU?ORS :OSE WORK C5T]S ON ! =MATION ( SUBJECTIVITIES & AG5CIES \TSIDE ! SY/EM 7AS OPPOS$ TO DIRECT FRONTAL *ALL5GES TO IT73 ,WILLIAM ,CONNOLLY1 ,COL9 ,W>D1 & ,HAKIM ,BEY4 ,CONNOLLY IS A RADICAL !ORI/ )9 ACADEMIA1 & IS ATTA*$ TO ! P]SPECTIVE KN[N AS 0RADICAL DEMOCRACY40 ,HIS WORK CALLS = ! DEVELOPM5T ( SUBJECTIVITIES ?AT RESI/ ! RES5TM5T BUILT UP 9 MASS SOCIETIES 7?R\< ! CON/RUCTION ( FIX$ ID5TITIES1 BLAM+ PROBLEMS ON SCAPEGOATS1 & PROMOT+ RELIGI\S & O!R FUNDAM5TALISMS7 BY MEANS ( E?ICAL ACTION ON ! SELF4 ,MU* ( ?IS IS 9DIRECTLY RELEVANT TO ACTIVI/S2 BUT ULTIMATELY ,I W\LD SAY ,CONNOLLY IS A RECUP]AT$ FIGURE4 ,HE ACCEPTS ! PRIMACY ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL /RUCTURE & ITS SIGNIFI]S2 HIS ULTIMATE ALLEGIANCE IS TO DEMOCRACY1 & HE LOOKS TO ! /ATE = PROTECTION4.<#a#e.> ,HE IS SEEK+ TO SOLVE ! SOCIAL PROBLEMS ( ! SY/EM1 NOT TO OV]COME IT2 HIS RADICALISM IS ?US SUPPLEM5T>Y TO ! SY/EM1 RA!R ?AN ANTAGONI/IC TO IT4 ,COL9 ,W>D1 ONCE A CONTROV]SIAL FIGURE )9 ,BRITI% AN>*ISM1 WORK$ TO MAKE AN>*ISM RESPECTABLE AMONG ACADEMICS1 ESPECIALLY )9 SOCIOLOGY2 HIS DOCTR9E ( 0EVOLUTION>Y AN>*ISM10 /RESS+ ! GR[? ( HORIZONTAL SOCIAL MOVEM5TS )9 ! EXI/+ SOCIETY & CELEBRAT+ MOVEM5TS SU* AS SQUATT+ & T5ANT ACTIVISM1 WAS %>PLY C\NT]POS$ TO ! ,M>XI/-9FLECT$ REVOLUTION>Y AN>*ISM ( ! !N-DOM9ANT LEFT-AN>*I/ GR\PS4 ,EVOLUTION>Y AN>*ISM IS LIMIT$ AS A DOCTR9E1 BUT 9 MANY WAYS ,W>D PREFIGUR$ ! LAT] EM]G5CE ( PO/-LEFT AN>*Y1 /RESS+ ! MICROPOLITICS ( EV]YDAY LIFE4 ,DESPITE R>ELY S\ND+ IT1 ,W>D'S APPROA* IS A REVOLUTION 9 EV]YDAY LIFE1 EXEMPLIFI$ BY ! IDEA ( FRE$OM EXP&+ TO ! PO9T :]E IT /RA9S AT ! *A9S ?AT B9D IT1 ULTIMATELY %ATT]+ ! SY/EM ?R\< ITS PROLIF]ATION4 ,F9ALLY1 ,BEY IS V]Y MU* AN 9SURG5T FIGURE1 SPEAK+ OP5LY ( SMA%+ ! SY/EM & WRIT+ PROVOCATIVELY ( 0POETIC T]RORISM40 ,HIS PROPOSALS = ACTION -- ESPECIALLY HIS MO/ FAM\S CONCEPT ( ,TEMPOR>Y ,AUTONOM\S ,ZONES -- >E SIMIL> TO ?OSE ( ,W>D1 BUT >E CONCEIV$ AS ACTS ( 9SURRECTION1 AS BREAK+ D[N ! HEGEMONY ( ! SY/EM BY CREAT+ LIB]AT$ SPACES ?AT *ALL5GE ITS P[]4 ,BY AIM+ = ! EXCESS 9 REALITY OV] ITS 9SCRIPTION 9 ! SY/EM1 OR ( ! 0T]RITORY0 OV] ! 0MAP10 ,BEY SEEKS TO EXPLODE ! APPE>ANCE ( TOTALITY & BR+ AB\T A PROLIF]ATION ( *AOTIC MULTIPLICITIES4 

,:AT IS ! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! POLITICS ( DESIRE ( ! ?REE AU?ORS8 ,CONNOLLY GOES AS F> AS HE CAN -- AS A /ATI/ -- 9 ! DIRECTION ( FREE+ ACTIVE DESIRE2 BUT ULTIMATELY HIS EMPHASIS IS ALWAYS ON LIMITS1 ON QUE/ION+ ONE'S [N FIXITIES1 ON RE/RA9T & =BE>ANCE4.<#a#f.> ,SU* ATTITUDES MAY BE USEFUL 9 M$IAT+ HORIZONTAL CONFLICTS 9 AN 5TIRELY HORIZONTAL WORLD1 BUT 9 A WORLD DOM9AT$ BY HI]>*IC SY/EMS1 !Y DETRACT FROM ! %>PNESS ( ANTAGONISM4 ,! UNCONDITIONALITY ( A ,FANONIAN ANTAGONISM IS ANA!MA FROM ?IS P]SPECTIVE2 IT W\LD APPE> EQUIVAL5T TO A FASCI/ OR FUNDAM5TALI/ POSITION4 ,! RESULT IS NOT F> FROM ! TRADITIONAL FUNCTIONS ( ,*RI/IAN MORALITY1 & ! 0IDEOLOGICAL FUNCTION ( MORALITY0 ANALYZ$ SO EFFECTIVELY BY ,TONY ,SKILL5 -- TO DISPLACE SOCIAL PROBLEMS FROM ! SOCIAL SY/EM ?AT IS !IR REAL ORIG91 ONTO 9DIVIDUALS1 :O >E BLAM$ = NOT COP+ ) ! EFFECTS ( !SE PROBLEMS OR = BE+ ! WRONG K9DS ( PEOPLE4.<#a#g.> 

,W>D1 TOO1 CALLS = REFIGUR+ C]TA9 RADICAL CONFLICTS AS HORIZONTAL BY QUE/ION+ ! PRIVILEGE ( DOM9ANT ASSUMPTIONS4 ,= 9/ANCE1 HE DISCUSSES ! CONFLICTS >IS+ FROM RES\RCE-USE CONFLICT BETWE5 *ILDR5 & ADULTS ON POOR H\S+ E/ATES 9 HORIZONTAL T]MS1 /RESS+ ! NE$ = 9CLUSION & DIALOGUE & A RECOGNITION ( ! 9T5TIONALITY 9VOLV$ 9 *ILDR5'S REAPPROPRIATION ( URBAN SPACES AS SPACES ( PLAY4.<#a#h.> ,?IS IS SIMIL> TO ,CONNOLLY'S DIALOGICAL RECONFIGURATION ( SOCIAL CONFLICTS4 ,BUT H]E ! EMPHASIS IS RA!R DIFF]5T4 ,:AT ,W>D IS REJECT+ IS ! DOGMATIC CON/RUCTION ( ! 9-GR\P'S PREF]R$ USES AS NATURAL OR MORALLY RI<T USES1 & ! RESULTANT IMPOSITION ( VOICELESSNESS ON ANO!R4 ,HE IS NOT SUGGE/+ ?AT *ILDR5'S REBELLI\SNESS IS MORALLY EQUIVAL5T TO ! ADULTS' FUNDAM5TALISM1 NOR ?AT ! ANSW] IS MORE RE/RA9T ALL R\ND4 ,HIS RESPONSE IS SOCIAL 79 ! S5SE ( ,KROPOTK9'S 0SOCIAL PR9CIPLE03 HORIZONTAL1 AUTONOM\S1 DIALOGICAL7 -- NOT MORAL4 

,F9ALLY1 = ,BEY1 ! :OLE PO9T ( AUTONOM\S AG5CY IS TO OP5 UP SPACES ( RUPTURE4 0.<,T.>HE UP-RIS+ SUGGE/S ! POSSIBILITY ( A MOVEM5T \TSIDE & BEYOND ! ,HEGELIAN SPIRAL ( ?AT 'PROGRESS' ?AT IS SECRETLY NO?+ MORE ?AN A VICI\S CIRCLE444 ,9 ?IS S5SE AN UPRIS+ IS LIKE A 'PEAK EXP]I5CE' AS OPPOS$ TO ! /&>D ( 'ORD9>Y' CONSCI\SNESS & EXP]I5CE4 ,LIKE FE/IVALS1 UPRIS+S CANNOT HAPP5 EV]Y DAY -- O!RWISE !Y W\LD NOT BE NONORD9>Y4 ,BUT SU* MOM5TS ( 9T5SITY GIVE %APE & MEAN+ TO ! 5TIRETY ( A LIFE40.<#a#i.> ,! SPACE ( ! UPRIS+ MAY WELL BE TEMPOR>Y & 9 A S5SE HYBRID1 BUT IT IS A RADICAL \TSIDE1 & ITS DIFF]5TIATION FROM ! ORD9>Y LIFE ( ! SY/EM IS ! REASON = ITS EXI/5CE4 ,9 ?IS ANALYSIS1 ! TRANS=MATIVE POSSIBILITIES ( P>TIAL & TEMPOR>Y LIB]AT$ SPACES >E EXPLOR$ TO ! MAXIMUM4 

,! ?REE !ORIES >E SIMIL>1 BUT DISPLAY CRUCIAL DIFF]5CES ?AT ILLU/RATE SOME?+ VITAL AB\T ! B\ND>Y BETWE5 HYBRIDITY_/P>TIALITY & RECUP]ATION4 ,BEY & ,W>D BO? EMBRACE P>TIAL1 HYBRID1 EV]YDAY RESI/ANCES ?AT RECLAIM SPACES )\T %ATT]+ ! SY/EM4 ,!Y BO? SEE SU* SPACES AS P>T ( A *ALL5GE TO ! SY/EM'S P]VASIV5ESS1 AS 9SURG5T SPACES -- ?\< H[ !Y SEE ! SY/EM'S DE/RUCTION PROCE$+ MAY BE RA!R DIFF]5T4 ,I'M TEMPT$ TO SAY ?AT ,BEY & ,W>D >E CALL+ = ! SAME ?+1 BUT :]EAS ,W>D TONES D[N HIS RHETORIC TO APPE> RESPECTABLE1 ,BEY GLOSSES ! SAME IDEAS 9 AN UNAPOLOGETICALLY RADICAL WAY1 US+ PROVOCATION & EXTREMITY TO ES!TIC EFFECT1 & ,BEY IS RA!R CLE>] AB\T ! RELATION%IP BETWE5 SU* P>TIAL *ALL5GES & ! SY/EM'S DISRUPTION & OV]?R[4 ,H[ DO !Y DIFF] FROM ,CONNOLLY1 & AVOID HIS RETURN TO ! LOGIC ( ! SY/EM8 ,ULTIMATELY1 !Y >E !ORI/S ( EXT]IORITY1 OR BETT] /ILL1 !ORI/S WRIT+ FROM \TSIDE2 !Y DO NOT ATTEMPT TO SOLVE ! SY/EM'S PROBLEMS = IT1 BUT RA!R1 TO SOLVE PROBLEMS DEF9$ FROM ANO!R 9T5TIONALITY1 & !Y DO NOT ULTIMATELY />T FROM A /&PO9T ( RE/RA9T ?AT PLACES !IR [N AG5CY AS SECOND>Y TO A TRANSC5D5TAL 5TITY OR LIMIT 7,W>D EXHIBITS RE/RA9T ONLY 9 /YLE1 & ,BEY NOT AT ALL74 ,SO EXT]IORITY EM]GES AS ! DEF9ITIVE FEATURE ( A NON-RECUP]AT$ !ORY4 

,EXT]IORITY 9 PRACTICE3 ! ,ZAPATI/AS 

,! ,ZAPATI/AS >E AN EXAMPLE ( A MOVEM5T ?AT /RADDLES ?IS DIVIDE1 PLAY+ ) BO? RADICAL O!RNESS & HYBRIDITY = /RATEGIC EFFECT4 ,! SITUATION ( ! 9ITIAL UPRIS+1 & ( ! CONT9U$ ADV]S>IAL RELATION ) ! ,MEXICAN /ATE1 IS A SITUATION ( VOICELESSNESS ( A TYPICAL K9D1 ! 09VISIBLE ,9DIAN0 AS ONE S*OL> PUTS IT1 9 :I* 9DIG5\S VOICES >E EXCLUD$ FROM ,MEXICAN POLITICS OR SUBORD9AT$ 9 ITS PATRONAGE /RUCTURES .<#b.>4 ,!RE WAS ALSO A TYPICAL RECUP]ATIVE PROCESS UND]WAY3 ! ,MEXICAN /ATE'S RECOGNITION ( ! 0USES & CU/OMS0 ( 9DIG5\S PEOPLES ALL[$ ! =MATION ( ELITE-C5T]$ PATRONAGE NODES 9TEGRAT$ 9TO ! ,P,R,I /RUCTURE4.<#b#a.> ,BUT /ILL1 ! BASIC SITUATION WAS ONE ( VOICELESSNESS & 9VISIBILITY4 ,H5CE ! RADICALITY ( ! 9ITIAL ,ZAPATI/A BREAK -- ITS EM]G5CE AS AN EV5T SYMBOLIZ+ A DEEP RUPTURE1 A ,FANONIAN MOM5T4 ,& ON MANY LEVELS ?IS BREAK IS CONT9U$ 9 ,ZAPATI/A PRACTICE3 ! ,ZAPATI/AS REFUSE TO 5DORSE P>LIAM5T>Y C&IDATES1 ,M>COS HAS REPUDIAT$ ! P>TY =M 9 HIS FAM\S CRY TO %IT ON ! VANGU>DS1 & NEGOTIATIONS ) ! /ATE HAVE OCCURR$ 9 AN EXT]NAL WAY1 BETWE5 TWO DI/9CT AG5CIES4 ,BUT ON ! O!R H&1 ! ,ZAPATI/AS ALSO MAKE USE ( ,MEXICAN NATIONALI/ DISC\RSE1 ALLIANCES ) POPUL> SOCIAL MOVEM5TS1 9CLUSIVE 5CU5TROS 7(T5 9CLUD+ P>TY ACTIVI/S & LEFTI/S AMONG O!RS71.<#b#b.> & A DIALOGICAL PROCESS ) ! ,MEXICAN /ATE1 EXEMPLIFI$ 9 ! N[-DEFUNCT ,SAN ,&RES ,ACCORDS4 ,H[1 !N1 DO ! ,ZAPATI/AS AVOID ! RECUP]ATION ?AT HAS AFFLICT$ MANY ,MEXICAN SOCIAL MOVEM5TS & :I* SOMETIMES TAM$ 9DIG5\S DISS5T8 ,! ANSW]1 ,I ?9K1 IS ?AT ! ,ZAPATI/AS 5T] 9TO DIALOGUE & HYBRIDITY1 BUT DO SO AS A DI/9CT AG5T1 FROM ! \TSIDE SO TO SPEAK4 ,?IS EXT]IORITY IS CRUCIAL TO !IR AVOIDANCE ( RECUP]ATION3 !IR DIALOGUE ) LEFTI/S & ! /ATE DOES NOT RECUP]ATE !M BECAUSE !Y DO NOT BECOME P>T ( !SE =CES2 !Y RETA9 A SEP>ATE 9T5TIONALITY ?AT !Y BR+ TO ! DIALOGUE OR 5CU5TRO4 ,?IS EXT]IORITY IS MA9TA9$ EV5 9 DIALOGUE2 9DE$1 9 A SITUATION ( RADICAL EXCLUSION1 IT IS ! PRECONDITION = DIALOGUE1 = ! RECOGNITION ?AT A PREVI\SLY 9VISIBLE & VOICELESS P]SPECTIVE EV5 EXI/S4 

,?IS EXT]IORITY FROM ! P[]-APP>ATUS -- FROM ALL P[]-APP>ATUSES -- IS DEF9ITIVE ( ! SUBV]SIVE =CE ( RADICAL & AN>*I/ MOVEM5TS1 & IT IS 9 ! CONV]SION ( ?IS NOMADIC EXT]IORITY 9TO AN 9T]IOR CATEGORY 7H[EV] PURE1 SPECIALIZ$1 OR M$IAT$ ?IS CATEGORY MI<T BE7 ?AT ! ROOTS ( RECUP]ATION CAN BE F\ND2 AS LONG AS IT OP]ATES AS 9T]IORITY1 ANY?+ CAN BE MADE SAFE = ! SY/EM4 ,! R$UCTIVE OR ,HEGELIAN LOGIC ( ! SY/EM IS CRUCIAL H]E4.<#b#c.> ,! SY/EM OP]ATES BY TURN+ EXT]NAL MOM5TS -- =CES ?AT OPPOSE IT1 RESI/ IT1 OR REMA9 \TSIDE IT 7NOT TO M5TION ?OSE ?AT CON/RUCT$ IT 9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 :I* >E ITS [N CONDITIONS ( POSSIBILITY1 ! CONT+5T ROOTS ( ITS HI/ORICAL EM]G5CE7 -- 9TO D]IVATIVE OR SECOND>Y MOM5TS ( ITS [N 9T]NAL FUNCTION+1 ELEM5TS ?AT CAN LOGICALLY BE TRAC$ BACK TO IT4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 ALMO/ ANY?+ CAN BE BR\<T BACK 9SIDE ! SY/EM BY BE+ GIV5 ITS [N NI*E1 AXIOM1 OR REPRES5TATION )9 ! SPECTACLE4 ,AGA9/ ?IS ,HEGELIAN LOGIC1 ONE CAN C\NT]POSE A ,SITUATIONI/ OR ,DELEUZIAN LOGIC ( ESCAPE -- ! L9E ?AT FLEES FROM ! 9SIDE1 ! SPACE ?AT EM]GES \TSIDE OR 7AS 9 ,HAKIM ,BEY'S CON/RUCTIONS71 BECOMES AN \TSIDE2 ! NEW B>B>IANS :O DO NOT SPEAK ! TONGUE ( EMPIRE & COME AGA9/ IT AS IF FROM \TSIDE1 EV5 IF FROM ITS GEOGRAPHICAL C5T]S -- AS ! ROOT ( :AT A NON-RECUP]AT$ RESI/ANCE 9VOLVES4.<#b#d.> 

,WORK+ 9SIDE1 ?9K+ \TSIDE 

,:I* BR+S US BACK TO ! PROBLEM POS$ AT ! \TSET4 ,:5 AN>*I/S SET UP BUS9ESSES1 OR 5GAGE 9 O!R ACTIVITIES TAK+ ADVANTAGE ( ! MA9/REAM /RUCTURE OR WORK+ ?R\< IT1 ?IS IS A V>IETY ( HYBRIDITY -- IT IS A USE ( A HO/ILE PUBLIC DISC\RSE TO SPREAD IDEAS FROM A COMPLETELY DIFF]5T1 9COMPATIBLE DISC\RSE4 ,IT APPE>S DIFF]5T FROM MORE OBVI\S EXAMPLES 7SU* AS APPE>+ 9 C\RT1 NEGOTIAT+ ) ! /ATE1 OR =M+ A HU% >BOR OR A H]ETICAL SECT71 BECAUSE ! CONTEXT IS ONE ( P]MITT$ ACTIVITY & ! ACTIVITY DOES NOT 9VOLVE SUBT]FUGE1 AS IT (T5 DOES 9 O!R CONTEXTS4 ,BUT IT IS /RUCTURALLY ! SAME4 ,! AMBIGUITY ?AT >ISES :51 = 9/ANCE1 A PAMPHLET CRITICIZ+ ! EXI/5CE ( MONEY CIRCULATES = A MONET>Y PRICE IS SIMIL> TO ! AMBIGUITY ?AT >ISES :51 SAY1 A REACTIVE RELIGI\S T]M9OLOGY IS US$ TO C>RY AN ACTIVE LIBID9AL CONT5T4 ,! MOM5T1 H[EV]1 ?AT AN AN>*I/ ID5TIFIES ?IS PUBLIC-TRANSCRIPT ACTIVITY AS ! GOAL 7UNCONSCI\SLY1 IF NOT CONSCI\SLY71 S_/HE 5DORSES ! PUBLIC TRANSCRIPT & IS RECUP]AT$4 ,! PO9T AB\T A PUBLIC TRANSCRIPT P]=MANCE IS ?AT IT IS DRIV5 BY ! HIDD5 TRANSCRIPT BEH9D IT1 ! TRANSCRIPT ?AT CANNOT GA9 FULL EXPRESSION 9 ! PUBLIC FIELD EXCEPT AS 9SURRECTION -- ! HIDD5 TRANSCRIPT ALWAYS BE+ A B>B>IAN =CE1 A =CE ?AT DOES NOT SPEAK ! LANGUAGE ( EMPIRE1 ?AT CANNOT BE SYN!SIZ$ 9TO ! SY/EM4 ,?IS =CE IS SU/A9$ 9 POT5TIALLY RECUP]ATIVE CONTEXTS BY MEANS ( ! DI/ANCE BETWE5 AG5T & P]=MANCE4 ,! LOSS ( ! DI/ANCE SEP>AT+ ! P]=MANCE FROM ! DESIRE IT S]VES IS ?US A LOSS ( TRANS=MATIVE 5]GY1 A RECUP]ATION4 

,IT IS BY NO MEANS EASY TO TELL IF AN 9ITIATIVE IS RECUP]AT$ OR NOT1 = :ILE ! CONSCI\S 9T5T MAY BE FAIRLY OBVI\S1 ! UNCONSCI\S CONV]SION ( MEANS 9TO 5DS & TOOLS 9TO GOALS IS SOME?+ :I* CAN BE DISC]N$ ONLY 9DIRECTLY4 ,H[EV]1 SU* UNCONSCI\S 9T5TIONALITIES CAN (T5 BE D$UC$ FROM ! SOCIAL RELATIONS AN AG5T E/ABLI%ES 9 RELATION TO A PROJECT4 ,! ACTOR'S LIBID9AL 9VE/M5TS CAN T5TATIVELY BE D$UC$ BACKW>DS FROM !IR MANIFE/ATION 9 SOCIAL ACTIVITY4 ,9 AN ACTIVITY VALU$ = ITSELF 7?US1 IF HYBRID1 PROBABLY RECUP]AT$71 ! ACTOR WILL T5D TO CONV]T HORIZONTAL RELATIONS 9TO V]TICAL RELATIONS1 TO SEEK CONTROL OV] ! ACTIVITY1 & TO MA9TA9 IT REG>DLESS ( ITS USEFULNESS OR EFFECTS4 ,! 9/ITUTION ( ! ACTIVITY1 ITS EXI/5CE AS A DI/9CT SOCIAL 5TITY1 IS LIKELY TO BE VALU$ AS A GOAL 9 ITSELF & DEF5D$ AGA9/ ! SUBV]SIVE POT5TIAL ( FRE$OM4 ,H5CE1 ! ORD]L9ESS1 9TEGRITY & CONT9UITY ( ! ACTIVITY OR 9/ITUTION WILL BE GIV5 A VALUE OV] & ABOVE ! FL[S IT IS MEANT 7CONSCI\SLY AT LEA/7 TO S]VE1 MANIFE/+ A DIFF]5T1 REACTIVE =CE ?AT MAY BE CONSCI\SLY DISAV[$ BUT ?AT CAN BE DISC]N$ FROM ! CONV]SION ( ! ACTIVITY 9TO AN 9/ITUTION & A SPOOK4 

,! E?ICAL \TCOME IS ?AT1 TO REMA9 AN>*I/1 AN AN>*I/ BUS9ESS OP]ATES AS A MEANS1 AS ! TOOL ( A FL[ LEAD+ \T ( ! SY/EM1 NEV] AS AN 5D 9 ITSELF4 ,IT MAY1 9 A C]TA9 S5SE1 BE WORK+ 9SIDE ! SY/EM1 US+ DOM9ANT =MS & MEANS2 BUT IT %\LD REMA9 \TSIDE ON ! LEVEL ( 9T5TIONALITY & DESIRE1 NEV] R$UCIBLE TO !SE =MS & MEANS1 ALWAYS TREAT+ !M AS /RATEGIC *OICES1 AS MEANS TO BE US$ = A PURPOSE & DISC>D$ %\LD !Y FAIL TO S]VE IT4 ,TO BE SURE1 ! TI<TROPE ( ! DANG] ( RECUP]ATION IS NOT TAK5 AWAY BY CONCEIV+ IT 9 SU* T]MS2 ONE IS /ILL TAK+ RISKS ( RECUP]ATION BY PLAY+ ) ! SY/EM'S =MS & MEANS1 ?\< ONE IS ALSO TAK+ ?IS RISK 9 A DIFF]5T WAY IF ONE ADOPTS A PURI/ OBJECTION TO ANY SU* PLAY4 ,:ILE HI]>*IC 9/ITUTIONS REMA9 /RONG1 IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO TAKE AWAY ! TI<TROPE1 ! RISK ( RECUP]ATION2 BUT IT IS POSSIBLE TO NEGOTIATE ?IS RISK 9 MORE OR LESS CREATIVE WAYS1 9 WAYS ?AT >E MORE OR LESS EFFECTIVE 9 SU/A9+ ! 9SURG5T DESIRE 9 EXT]IORITY4 ,BY KEEP+ ONE'S FOCUS ON ! CONSCI\S & UNCONSCI\S DESIRES BEH9D A PROJECT1 ONE CAN M9IMIZE ! DANG]S POS$ BY RECUP]ATION & GA9 ! /RATEGIC SPACE = EFFECTIVE EMANCIPATORY PRACTICE4 

  

.<#a.> ,SEE = 9/ANCE ,RA\L ,VANEIGEM1 ,! ,REVOLUTION ( ,EV]YDAY ,LIFE1 *APT] #a#b1 LIBR>Y4NO?+NESS4ORG & ! REC5T APPLICATION TO S+LE-ISSUE CAMPAIGNS 9 ANON41 0,GIVE ,UP ,ACTIVISM10 WWW4ECO-ACTION4ORG 

.<#b.> ,L>RY ,LAW1 ',! ,SPECTACLE3 ,A ,SKELETON ,KEY1' ,LONDON3 ,SPECTACUL> ,TIMES 7NO DATE74 

.<#c.> ,TAKE = 9/ANCE ! FOLL[+3 0,?US /RUGGLES AGA9/ ! ALI5ATION ( WAGE LABOR MU/ BE RECUP]AT$ BY ! LEFT1 REPRES5T$ BY IT1 & R5D]$ COMPATIBLE ) ! CONT9U$ OBJECTIFICATION ( ! WORK]S BY CAPITAL ACCUMULATION4 ,& DUR+ ! P]IOD :5 ! REFUSAL ( WORK WAS MANIFE/1 ! PRIM>Y ROLE = REVOLUTION>IES WAS TO ATTACK SU* RECUP]ATION1 TO DI/+UI% ! WORK+ CLASS AS SUBJECT FROM ITS REPRES5TATION40 ,AUFHEB51 0,KILL OR ,*ILL8 ,ANALYSIS ( ! ,OPPOSITION TO ! ,CRIM9AL ,JU/ICE ,BILL10 P>T #a1 0,SIGN ( ! ,TIMES3 ,MONET>ISM1 ! ,CRISIS ( ,REPRES5TATION1 & ! ,C,J,B10 WWW4GEOCITIES4COM 

.<#d.> ,GILLES ,DELEUZE & ,FELIX ,GUATT>I1 ,A ,?\S& ,PLATEAUS1 ,LONDON3 ,CONT9UUM1 #d#f#i-#g2 SEE ALSO ,ANTI-,O$IPUS1 ,LONDON3 ,A?LONE #a#i#h#d1 #b#d-#f#b4 

.<#e.> 0,UNCONTROLLABLES10 WWW4GEOCITIES4COM 

.<#f.> ,P[] 9 ! S5SE ( 0P[] TO10 NOT 0P[] OV]0 -- ! ABILITY TO PRODUCE ! EFFECT ONE DESIRES TO PRODUCE4 

.<#g.> ,NOT TO BE CONFUS$ ) A MORALITY4 

.<#h.> ,SEE ,JAMES ,C4 ,SCOTT 7#a#i#i#b71 ,DOM9ATION & ! ,>TS ( ,RESI/ANCE1 ,NEW ,HAV53 ,YALE ,UNIV]SITY ,PRESS4 

.<#i.> ,RA\L ,VANEIGEM 7#a#i#i#d71 ,! ,MOVEM5T ( ! ,FREE ,SPIRIT1 ,NEW ,YORK3 ,ZONE4 

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