,UNATTRACTIVE ,LAB\R 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 

,TEXT 3 

,S\RCE3 ,COMMONWEAL1 ,VOL ,I1 ,NO4 #d1 ,MAY #a#h#h#e1 PP4 #cg 7,SUPPLEM5T72 
,TRANSCRIB$3 BY ,T$ ,CRAW=D4 

,= \R PURPOSE ( CONSID]+ ! RELATIONS ( LABOR TO 9DU/RIAL >T1 ! W>ES MADE AT ! PRES5T DAY1 ! >TICLES MADE = ! M>KET ?AT IS1 MAY BE DIVID$ 9TO TWO CLASSES -- ?OSE ?AT HAVE SOME PRET5SIONS TO BE CONSID]$ ORNAM5TAL1 & ?OSE ?AT HAVE NOT4 ,! LATT]1 ,I SUPPOSE1 IS MU* ! L>G] CLASS2 BUT AT ANY RATE ! IMPORTANT ?+ TO REMEMB] IS ?AT !RE IS ?IS DIFF]5CE4 ,N[ IT SEEMS TO ME NECESS>Y TO UND]/& ?AT EV]Y?+ MADE BY MAN MU/ BE EI!R UGLY OR BEAUTIFUL4 ,NEUTRALITY IS IMPOSSIBLE 9 MAN'S H&IWORK4 ,BUT 9 TIMES PA/1 BE=E ! COMM]CIAL AGE1 IT DID NOT FOLL[ ?AT A PIECE ( H&IWORK WAS UGLY BECAUSE IT DID NOT AIM AT BE+ ORNAM5TAL2 IT HAD A C]TA9 USE1 :I* IT FULFILL$1 & AT ! SAME TIME1 )\T APP>5T EF=T ( ! MAK]1 IT WAS BEAUTIFUL4 ,IT GREW SO1 ONE MAY SAY1 EXACTLY AS A PIECE ( ,NATURE DOES4 ,?AT IS F> FROM BE+ ! CASE N[4 ,9 ! W>ES :I* >E MADE = UTILITY ONLY1 IT IS R>E ?AT Y\ F9D ANY BEAUTY ( =M2 !Y HAVE A NATURAL T5D5CY TO GR[ UGLY1 LIKE A ,LONDON />VEL+ HAS4 ,EV5 9 ! COMMONE/ ?+S1 SU* AS F5CES 9 FIELDS & O!R SIMPLE AGRICULTURAL APPLIANCES1 EXCEPT = A FEW SURVIVALS1 MATT]S :I* HAVE ACCID5TLY CLUNG TO OLD TRADITIONS1 UGL9ESS IS ! RULE4 ,AN ORD9>Y H\SE1 OR PIECE ( FURNITURE OR ( ATTIRE1 IS NOT ONLY NOT BEAUTIFUL1 IT IS AGGRESSIVELY & ACTIVELY UGLY1 & WE ASSUME AS A MATT] ( C\RSE ?AT IT MU/ BE SO4 ,& IF WE HAVE A M9D = ANY BEAUTY 7OR PRET5SE ( IT71 WE MU/ MAKE A DEF9ITE EF=T2 WE MU/ GIVE \R ORD]S = AN ORNAM5TAL >TICLE TO BE MADE = US4 ,& ,I MAY SAY1 9 PASS+1 ?AT1 ORD] AS WE PLEASE1 WE CANNOT ALWAYS GET \R ORD] EXECUT$4 ,! S5SE ( BEAUTY & P[] ( EXPRESS+ IT1 UND] ! PRES5T CIRCUM/ANCES1 IS ONE ( ! R>E/ ( GIFTS1 SO ?AT ! ORD9>Y PUBLIC HAVE TO PUT UP ) SU* PRET5SE TO BEAUTY AS ! SO-CALL$ ORNAM5TAL CLASS ( W>ES CAN FURNI% TO !M4 ,!RE=E1 :ILE ! RI* MAN1 BY SP5D+ MU* MONEY1 CAN GA!R AB\T HIM A C]TA9 AM\NT ( BEAUTY1 & :ILE ! MAN ( MOD]ATE MEANS MAY BE ABLE TO ATTA9 ! SAME 5D BY TAK+ AN 9F9ITUDE ( TR\BLE1 ! WORK+ MAN1 :O HAS NO TIME TO TAKE TR\BLE & NO MONEY TO 5ABLE HIM TO DISP5SE ) IT1 MU/ PUT UP ) ! LACK ( BEAUTY ALTOGE!R4 ,H]E1 !N1 IS A /RANGE ?+1 ?AT :]EAS 9 ! PRE-COMM]CIAL AGES WE HAD BEAUTY )\T PAY+ = IT1 IT HAS N[ BECOME AN >TICLE ( ! M>KET1 &1 LIKE MO/ O!R M>KET >TICLES1 IS SO %AMEFULLY ADULT]AT$ ?AT WE CAN SC>CELY BUY IT EV5 = \R MONEY4 

,I KN[ ?AT TO MANY PEOPLE ?IS WILL SEEM A SMALL MATT]1 BECAUSE ONLY ?OSE 7& H[ FEW !Y >E67 :O CAN MAKE !IR SURR\ND+S DEC5T CAN UND]/& ! FULL HORROR1 ! DULLNESS & POV]TY ( LIFE :I* IT 9VOLVES4 ,= MY P>T1 HAV+ REG>D TO ! G5]AL HAPP9ESS ( ! RACE1 ,I SAY )\T %R9K+ ?AT ! BLOODIE/ ( VIOL5T REVOLUTIONS W\LD BE A LI<T PRICE TO PAY = ! RI<T+ ( ?IS WRONG4 

,= ?IS IS NOT A MATT] ( ACCID5T1 BUT SPR+S FROM ! =M :I* ! SLAV]Y ( ! MANY HAS TAK5 9 \R DAYS4 ,IT IS BUT ONE ( ! CONSEQU5CES ( WAGE-SLAV]Y4 ,UNTIL ?AT WAGE-SLAV]Y WAS COMPLET$ & CR[N$ BY ! REVOLUTION ( ! GREAT MA*9E 9DU/RIES1 !RE WAS SOME ATTRACTIV5ESS 9 ! WORK ( ! >TISAN4 ,!RE IS N[ NONE1 OR NEXT TO NONE & ! REASON :Y ! ORNAM5TAL W>ES ABOVE-M5TION$ >E SO ADULT]AT$ IS BECAUSE ! V]Y ORNAM5T ITSELF IS BUT A P>T ( ! MA*9E LABOR1 MADE TO SELL & NOT = USE :E!R IT BE DONE BY HUMAN MA*9ES OR NON-HUMAN ONES4 ,IT IS NO EXAGG]ATION TO SAY ?AT \R CIVILIZATION HAS DE/ROY$ ! ATTRACTIV5ESS ( LABOR1 & ?AT BY MORE MEANS ?AN ONE3 BY L5G!N+ ! H\RS ( LABOR3 BY 9T5SIFY+ ! LABOR DUR+ ITS CONT9UANCE2 BY ! =C+ ( ! WORKM5 9TO NOISY1 DIRTY1 CR[D$ FACTORIES2 BY ! AGGREGATION ( ! POPULATION 9TO CITIES & MANUFACTUR+ DI/RICTS1 & ! CONSEQU5T DE/RUCTION ( ALL BEAUTY & DEC5CY ( SURR\ND+S2 BY ! LEVEL+ 7(7 ALL 9TELLIG5CE & EXCELL5CE ( WORKMAN%IP BY MEANS ( MA*9]Y1 & ! CONSEQU5T GRADUAL EXT9CTION ( ! SKILL$ CRAFTSMAN4 ,ALL ?IS IS ! EXACT CONTR>Y ( ! CONDITIONS UND] :I* ! SPONTANE\S >T ( PA/ AGES WAS PRODUC$4 ,\R =EFA!RS ( ! ,MIDDLE ,AGES WORK$ %ORT] H\RS ?AN WE DO 7EV5 S9CE ! PASS+ ( ! ,FACTORY ,ACTS7 & HAD MORE HOLIDAYS4 ,!Y WORK$ DELIB]ATELY & ?\<TFULLY AS ALL >TI/S DO2 !Y WORK$ 9 !IR [N HOMES & HAD PL5TY ( ELB[ ROOM2 ! UNSPOIL$ C\NTRY CAME UP TO !IR V]Y DOORS &1 EXCEPT 9 !IR DREAMS ( HELL -- IF EV5 !RE -- !Y C\LD HAVE HAD NO CONCEPTION ( ! GLORIES ( ! ,BLACK ,C\NTRY OR ,S\? ,LANCA%IRE1 :I* ,I HE>D A FAM\S DEMAGOGUE ! O!R NI<T 5UM]AT+ AMONG ! BLESS+S ( PEACE1 SU* PEACE AS HE C\LD CONCEIVE (4 ,F9ALLY1 ALL !IR WORK DEP5D$ ON !IR [N SKILL ( H& & 9V5TION1 & NEV] FAIL$ TO %[ SIGNS ( ?AT 9 ITS BEAUTY & FITNESS2 IT WAS EV5 ?\<T WRONG TO *EAT PEOPLE BY ADULT]ATION ( GOODS1 SO ?AT 7/RANGE TO SAY7 GOOD WORK WAS CR$ITABLE TO ! WORK]4  

,?US ! DEVELOPM5T ( ! COMM]CIAL SY/EM CR[N$ BY ! REVOLUTION ( ! GREAT MA*9E 9DU/RIES HAS DEPRIV$ US ( ! ATTRACTIV5ESS ( LABOR1 & AS F> AS IT C\LD ( ! BEAUTY ( ! E>?4 ,:AT1 !N1 HAS IT LEFT US8 ,! HOPE ( REVOLUTION1 ( ! TRANS=MATION ( CIVILIZATION1 N[ BECOME ON ! FACE ( IT A M]E CORRUPTION & CURSE TO ! WORLD1 9TO ,SOCIALISM1 :I* WILL SET FREE ! H&S & M9DS ( M5 = ! PRODUCTION & SAFEGU>D+ ( ! BEAUTY ( LIFE4 

,I HAVE SAID ?AT \R M$IEVAL =EFA!RS WORK$ %ORT] H\RS ?AN WE DO2 BUT YET !Y WORK$ F> TOO LONG1 & ( C\RSE SUFF]$ FROM !IR SPECIAL =M ( SLAV]Y1 ?AT IS S]FDOM1 & O!R >BITR>Y VIOL5CE ( ! PRIVILEG$ CLASSES1 & !IR *ANCES ( SUCCESSFUL REBELLION W]E PRETTY MU* NIL4 ,IT WAS NECESS>Y ?AT !Y %\LD /RUGGLE UPW>DS TILL !Y =M$ A MIDDLE-CLASS & CREAT$ COMM]CE ) ITS PROLET>IAT DOOM$ TO CEASELESS UNATTRACTIVE DULL LABOR1 9 PLACE ( ! OLD YEOMAN & CRAFTSGUILDSMAN ) HIS PLEASANT EASY-GO+ WORK4 ,NEV]!LESS1 IT IS ?AT PROLET>IAT ONLY ?AT CAN MAKE GOOD ! CLAIM ( WORKM5 TO !IR %>E ( >T1 )\T :I* NO >T CAN LIVE LONG4 

,IT IS NO REAL P>ADOX TO SAY ?AT ! UNATTRACTIV5ESS ( LABOR :I* IS N[ ! CURSE ( ! WORLD WILL BECOME ! HOPE ( ! WORLD4 ,AS LONG AS ! WORKMAN C\LD SIT AT HOME1 WORK+ EASILY & QUIETLY1 HIS LONG H\RS ( LABOR MATT]$ LITTLE TO HIM1 & O!R EVILS C\LD BE BORNE4 ,?OSE EVILS1 TOO1 W]E VISIBLE & PALPABLE TO EV]YONE & EXT]NAL TO !IR LIVES2 & ! REM$IES W]E NOT F> TO SEEK4 ,PEACE 9/EAD ( VIOL5CE1 EQUAL RI<TS BE=E ! LAW1 !SE W]E ?+S :I* PEOPLE MI<T HOPE !IR V]Y MA/]S W\LD TRY TO W9 = !M4 

,BUT N[ ?AT LABOR HAS BECOME A M]E BURD51 ! DISEASE ( A CLASS1 ?AT CLASS WILL1 BY ALL MEANS1 TRY TO ?R[ IT (F1 TO LESS5 ITS WEI<T1 & 9 !IR EF=TS TO DO SO !Y MU/ ( NECESSITY DE/ROY SOCIETY1 :I* IS F\ND$ ON ! PATI5T BE>+ ( ?AT BURD54 ,= !RE IS NO LONG]1 AS 9 ! DAYS ( FEUDAL VIOL5CE1 ANY MEANS ( RELIEV+ !M ( ! BURD5 :ILE \R PRES5T SOCIETY EXI/S4 ,TRUE1 !IR MA/]S1 TAU<T PRUD5CE BY FE>1 WILL TRY1 >E TRY+1 V>I\S MEANS TO MAKE ! WORK]S BE> !IR BURD52 BUT ONE AFT] ! O!R !Y WILL BE F\ND \T & DISCR$IT$4 ,PHILAN?ROPY HAS HAD ITS DAY & IS GONE2 ?RIFT & SELF-HELP >E GO+2 P>TICIPATION 9 PR(ITS1 P>LIAM5T>ISM & UNIV]SAL SUFFRAGE1 ,/ATE ,SOCIALISM WILL HAVE TO GO ! SAME ROAD1 & ! WORK]S WILL BE FACE TO FACE AT LA/ ) ! FACT ?AT MOD]N CIVILIZATION ) ITS ELABORATE HI]>*Y & IRON DRILL IS F\ND$ ON !IR 9TOL]ABLE BURD51 & !N NO %ORT5+ ( ! DAY'S WORK :I* W\LD LEAVE PR(IT TO ! EMPLOY] WILL MAKE !IR LABOR H\RS %ORT 5\<4 ,!Y WILL SEE ?AT MOD]N SOCIETY CAN ONLY EXI/ AS LONG AS !Y BE> !IR BURD5 ) SOME DEGREE ( PATI5CE1 !IR PATI5CE WILL BE WORN \T1 & TO PIECES WILL MOD]N SOCIETY GO4 

,& ,I REPEAT1 ?AT TO MY M9D ! UNATTRACTIV5ESS ( LABOR1 :I* HAS BE5 ! NECESS>Y \TCOME ( COMM]CIAL 9DU/RY1 WILL HAVE PLAY$ A GREAT P>T 9 ?IS REVOLUTION2 ! PRICE :I* COMM]CIALISM WILL HAVE TO PAY = DEPRIV+ ! WORK] ( HIS %>E ( >T WILL BE ITS [N DEA?4 

,FROM 3 ,M>XI/S4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,FEBRU>Y #b1 #bba 3 ,UNATTRACTIVE ,LAB\R -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #g1 #bbb 3 ,UNATTRACTIVE ,LAB\R -- ,UPDAT$4 

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