,VIEWS @& ,COMM5TS #bf 

#aieh 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LIB]T>IAN ,LEAGUE 

,TEXT 3 

,:AT ,WE ,/& ,= 

,TWO GREAT P[] BLOCS /RUGGLE = WORLD DOM9ATION4 ,NEI!R ( !SE REPRES5TS ! TRUE 9T]E/S & WELF>E ( ,HUMANITY4 ,!IR CONFLICT ?REAT5S MANK9D ) ATOMIC DE/RUCTION4 ,UND]LY+ BO? ( !SE BLOCS >E 9/ITUTIONS ?AT BRE$ EXPLOITATION1 9EQUALITY & OPPRESSION4 

,)\T TRY+ TO LEGISLATE = ! FUTURE WE FEEL ?AT WE CAN 9DICATE ! G5]AL L9ES ALONG :I* A SOLUTION TO !SE PROBLEMS CAN BE F\ND4 

,! EXPLOITATIVE SOCIETIES ( TODAY MU/ BE REPLAC$ BY A NEW LIB]T>IAN WORLD :I* WILL PROCLAIM--,EQUAL FRE$OM = ALL 9 A FREE SOCIALI/ SOCIETY4 0,FRE$OM0 )\T SOCIALISM LEADS TO PRIVILEGE & 9JU/ICE2 0,SOCIALISM0 )\T FRE$OM IS TOTALIT>IAN4 

,! MONOPOLY ( P[] :I* IS ! /ATE MU/ BE REPLAC$ BY A WORLD-WIDE F$]ATION ( FREE COMMUNITIES1 LABOR C\NCILS &_/OR CO-OP]ATIVES OP]AT+ ACCORD+ TO ! PR9CIPLES ( FREE AGREEM5T4 ,! GOV]NM5T ( M5 MU/ BE REPLAC$ BY A FUNCTIONAL SOCIETY BAS$ ON ! ADM9I/RATION ( ?+S4 

,C5TRALISM1 :I* MEANS REGIM5TATION FROM ! TOP D[N1 MU/ BE REPLAC$ BY F$]ALISM1 :I* MEANS COOP]ATION FROM ! BOTTOM UP4 

,! ,L,I,B,],T,>,I,A,N ,L,E,A,G,U,E WILL NOT ACCEPT ! OLD SOCIO-POLITICAL CLI*ES1 BUT WILL BOLDLY EXPLORE NEW ROADS :ILE EXAM9+ ANEW ! OLD MOVEM5TS1 DRAW+ FROM !M ALL1 ?AT :I* TIME & EXP]I5CE HAS PROV5 TO BE VALID4 

,LIB]T>IAN ,C5T] 

#hac ,BROADWAY 7BETWE5 #a#a? @& #a#b? ,/S47 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY 

,R,\,N,D ,T,A,B,L,E ,Y,\,? ,D,I,S,C,U,S,S,I,O,N,S ,E,V,],Y ,F,R,I,D,A,Y ,A,T #h 

,D9N] & SOCIAL ON ! ?IRD ,SATURDAY ( EV]Y MON? AT #g3#c ,P,M 

,VIEWS & ,COMM5TS 

,A MON?LY PUBLICATION ( ! ,L,I,B,],T,>,I,A,N ,L,E,A,G,U,E 

,ADDRESS ALL MAIL TO3 ,V,I,E,W,S ,& ,C,O,M,M,5,T,S1 ,P4,O4 ,BOX #b#f#a1 ,NEW ,YORK #c1 ,N4,Y4 

,SUBSCRIPTIONS3 #ab ISSUES = @s#a1 S+LE COPIES #a C5TS4 

,FROM ! ,$ITORS 

,ON PAGE #bh Y\'LL F9D A NOTE ?AT WE >E N[ ABLE TO SUPPLY ?REE V]Y F9E BOOKS BY ,RUDOLPH ,ROCK]4 ,A V]Y SPECIAL NOTE ( ?ANKS IS DUE TO ,COMRADE ,YAFFE ( ,LOS ,ANGELES1 :O NOT ONLY MADE !M AVAILABLE TO US BUT MADE A SUB/ANTIAL DONATION ?AT 5ABLES US TO SUPPLY !M AT A R$UC$ PRICE4 

,WE'RE ALWAYS 9T]E/$ 9 F9D+ NEW READ]S = ,V,I,E,W,S ,& ,C,O,M,M,5,T,S4 ,IF Y\ KN[ ( ANYONE :O Y\ ?9K W\LD LIKE TO RECEIVE ! MAGAZ9E1 S5D US !IR NAME & ADDRESS & WE'LL S5D TRIAL COPIES4 

,FRANK ,GONZALEZ 7#a#h#i#c-#a#i#e#g7 

,\R MOVEM5T LO/ ONE ( ITS /AUN*E/ MILITANTS ) ! DEA? ( ,FRANK ,GONZALEZ 9 ,NEW ,YORK'S ,BELLEVUE ,HOSPITAL LA/ ,NOVEMB] #b#a/4 ,TO ?OSE ( US :O KNEW HIM & WORK$ ) HIM 9 ,NEW ,YORK HIS ,PASS+ IS ALSO AN ACUTE P]SONAL LOSS4 

,FRANK ,GONZALEZ WAS BORN 9 ! ,PROV9CE ( ,SANT&]1 ,SPA94 ,AS A *ILD HE ACCOMPANI$ HIS FA!R TO ! MEET+S ( ! 0,REPUBLICAN ,F$]ALI/0 MOVEM5T4 ,UND] ! ,MON>*Y1 ?IS MOVEM5T PLAY$ A MILITANT ROLE 9 ! /RUGGLE = ! ,REPUBLIC4 ,(T5 LEAFLET DI/RIBUTIONS & /REET DEMON/RATIONS W]E BROK5 UP BY ! POLICE & ! HAT$ ,CIVIL ,GU>DS4 ,PEACEFUL DEMON/RATIONS ( PROTE/ W]E TURN$ 9TO BATTLES 9 :I* ! F\RTE5-YE> OLD ,FRANK & HIS COMRADES TORE UP PAV+ /ONES = USE AS MISSILES AGA9/ ! >M$ MI<T ( ! ,/ATE1 A TRADITION ?AT IS NOT YET DEAD 9 ,EUROPE1 AS WITNESS ,EA/ ,B]L9 & ,BUDAPE/ 9 REC5T YE>S4 

,) ! PASS+ ( TIME1 ! SIMPLE POLITICAL SOLUTIONS HELD \T BY ! ,REPUBLICAN ,F$]ALI/S W]E 9SUFFICI5T = ,FRANK1 AS = MANY O!RS1 & !Y W5T ON TO JO9 ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ MOVEM5T4 ,?OSE :O W]E MO/ ACTIVE W]E SOON KN[N TO ! AU?ORITIES & ,GONZALEZ FL$ TO ,MEXICO 9 TIME TO P>TICIPATE 9 ! ,MEXICAN REVOLUTION4 ,LAT] HE CAME TO ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES & WAS = MANY YE>S ACTIVE 9 ORGANIZATIONAL ACTIVITIES ( ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ! ,WORLD1 ESPECIALLY AMONG ! SAILORS :]E HE HELP$ TO MOBILIZE ! SEAM5 ( ?REE COA/S AGA9/ ! MIS]ABLE CONDITIONS ?AT !N PREVAIL$ 9 ! 9DU/RY4 

,DUR+ ! ,PALM] RAIDS ,FRANK WAS NOT OV]LOOK$1 NOR DUR+ ,WORLD ,W> ,I,I :51 AS A CONSI/5T REVOLUTIONI/1 HE OPPOS$ BO? W> CAMPS1 BUT SOMEH[1 9 SPITE ( CON/ANT H\ND+1 HE MANAG$ TO AVOID DEPORTATION4 ,?OSE :O H\ND$ HIM :5 HE OPPOS$ BO? ,COMMUNI/ & ,NAZI TOTALIT>IANISM1 AT A TIME :5 IT WAS ! FA%ION TO SUPPORT ! =M]1 NEV] REALLY LO/ SI<T ( HIM UNTIL HIS DY+ DAY4 

,= DECADES ,FRANK ,GONZALEZ & O!RS PUBLI%$ ! WEEKLY ,SPANI% NEWSPAP]1 ,CULTURA ,PROLET>IA1 :I* WAS L>GELY 9/RUM5TAL 9 MOBILIZ+ ! ,SPANI% M9ORITY 9 ?IS C\NTRY BEH9D ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION4 ,HE WAS ONE ( ! LEAD+ SPIRITS ( ,S4,I4,A4 7,SOLID>IDAD ,9T]NACIONAL ,ANTIFASCI/A7 ?R\< :I* MANY ?\S&S ( DOLL>S W]E COLLECT$ TO AID ! VICTIMS ( ,FRANCO'S T]ROR4 

,! ,LIB]T>IAN ,LEAGUE WAS BORN 9 ! %AD[ ( ,FRANK ,GONZALEZ & HIS GR\P1 :I*1 9 ! FACE ( ADV]SITY1 HAD BE5 ABLE TO KEEP ! LI<T BURN+ 9 A D+Y LITTLE HALL ON ,BROADWAY4 ,HIS COOP]ATION & ?AT ( O!RS ( HIS GR\P HELP$ GIVE US A />T :5 IT WAS SORELY NE$$4 

,MANY ( \R Y\NG] COMRADES1 NEWCOM]S TO ! REVOLUTION>Y MOVEM5T1 DID NOT KN[ ,FRANK 9TIMATELY1 FAIL+ HEAL? & REPEAT$ ILLNESSES HAV+ TAK5 HIM \T ( ACTIVE CIRCULATION4 ,HE ALWAYS CONT9U$1 H[EV]1 HIS VOLUM9\S CORRESPOND5CE ) HIS COMRADES 9 EXILE ?R\<\T ! WORLD & ) MANY ( ?OSE /ILL WORK+ 9 ! UND]GR\ND ?AT WILL SOME DAY PUT AN 5D TO ,HITL]'S ,SPANI% TOADY1 :O IS TODAY A PROTEGE ( ,DULLES4 

,?OSE ( US :O KNEW ,FRANK ,GONZALEZ NEV] MET A P]SON ( GREAT] P]SONAL W>M? & K9DNESS4 ,HE LIV$ HIS IDEALS4 ,ONLY ?OSE :O >E CAPABLE ( ?IS WILL BE ABLE ULTIMATELY TO A*IEVE ?OSE HI< GOALS TO :I* \R BELOV$ COMRADE DEVOT$ A HALF-C5TURY ( LIFE4 ,ALREADY ?OSE :O MU/ SOM$AY FILL ,FRANK'S %OES >E PREP>+ !MSELVES4 ,! WORLD IS BETT] = HIS HAV+ LIV$ 9 IT4 

,H[ TO ,FI<T ! ,VOTE 

,9 ! LA/ ISSUE ( ,VIEWS ,& ,COMM5TS ,I DISCUSS$ ! QUE/ION ( VOT+ & ELECTIONS & TRI$ TO %[ ?AT ! EX]CISE ( ! VOTE IS NOT ONLY USELESS BUT PREJUDICIAL )9 ! FRAMEWORK ( ! EXI/+ SOCIAL ORD]4 ,S9CE !N SEV]AL P]SONS HAVE ASK$ :]E !Y CAN OBTA9 FUR!R 9=MATION ON ?IS QUE/ION FROM ! LIB]T>IAN VIEWPO9T1 & ,I W\LD LIKE TO SUGGE/ ,V,O,T,E--,:,A,T ,=8 & ,A,N,>,*,Y BY ,MALATE/A & ,! ,/,A,T,E1 ,I,T,S ,H,I,/,O,R,I,C ,R,O,L,E BY ,KROPOTK94 ,ALL ?REE PAMPHLETS CAN BE OBTA9$ FROM ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,LEAGUE4 

,H[EV]1 IT IS NOT 5\< TO KN[ ! FALLACY ( VOT+ & ! H>M IT CAN CAUSE2 WE MU/ DO SOME?+ TO COMBAT IT4 ,9 ?IS CONNECTION A V]Y 9T]E/+ JOB ( MOTIVATIONAL RESE>* WAS C>RI$ \T BY ! ,AM]ICAN ,H]ITAGE ,F\NDATION & ! ,ADV]TIS+ ,C\NCIL PRIOR TO ! #aief PRESID5TIAL CAMPAIGN TO F9D \T JU/ :Y PEOPLE DO & DO NOT VOTE4 ,!IR F9D+S >E AS FOLL[S 7NOT NECESS>ILY 9 ORD] ( IMPORTANCE73 

,:,Y ,P,E,O,P,L,E ,D,O,N',T ,V,O,T,E 

#a4 ,MY ONE VOTE WON'T C\NT4 

#b4 ,P]SONAL LAZ9ESS4 

#c4 ,FE> ( SOCIAL PRESSURES--VOT+ 9VOLVES DISCUSSION1 >GUM5T4 ,IT MAY 5DANG] MY FAMILY RELATIONS1 GR\P POSITION1 EV5 MY OCCUPATION4 

#d4 ,DI/RU/ ( POLITICAL & GOV]NM5TAL =CES4 

#e4 ,! 'PROTE/' ( NOT VOT+4 

#f4 ,FE> ( MAK+ DECISIONS1 & ASSUM+ RESPONSIBILITY = !M4 

#g4 ,EMOTIONALLY WORN \T BY ! LONG CAMPAIGN P]IOD4 

#h4 ,APA?Y BAS$ ON CYNICISM OR ON NATIVE CONFID5CE 9 ! BASIC /ABILITY ( SOCIETY4 

#i4 ,DISFRAN*IZ$ 7PRISON]S1 EX-CONVICTS1 MIGRANTS1 MOV$ TOO REC5TLY74 

,:,Y ,P,E,O,P,L,E ,D,O ,V,O,T,E 

#a4 ,S5SE ( PATRIOTIC DUTY4 

#b4 ,S5SE ( P>TICIPATION1 ( BELONG+4 

#c4 ,S5SE ( P[] & SELF-IMPORTANCE4 

#d4 ,/RONG P]SONAL FEEL+S = OR AGA9/ C&IDATES OR ISSUES4 

#e4 ,RESPONSE TO EXCITEM5T ( CAMPAIGN4 

#f4 ,FIR/-TIME VOT]S TO :OM VOT+ SYMBOLIZES COM+ ( AGE4 

#g4 ,NEW CITIZ5S TO :OM VOT+ SYMBOLIZES !IR H>D-WON CITIZ5%IP4 

#h4 ,! DISCOV]Y ( A *AMPION :O WILL REPRES5T ! VOT]S4 

#i4 ,! DESIRE TO CON=M TO ! GR\P4 

,?US ! TWO ORGANIZATIONS :O SPONSOR$ ?IS /UDY DEVELOP$ !IR PROPAG&A 9 ACCORD ) ! MOTIVES ( P>TICIPATION 9 A GR\P ACTIVITY1 P]=MANCE ( A SOCIALLY-ACCEPT$ ACT & MA9TA9+ A DESIR$ /ATUS 9 ! EYES ( FAMILY & COMMUNITY4 ,FROM ?IS CAME !IR SLOGAN1 0,SEE ,Y\ AT ! ,POLLS60 

,SURELY A REVEAL+ GLIMPSE 9TO ! ME*ANICS ( ! F9E >T ( MANIPULAT+ HUMAN BE+S LIKE PIECES ( PUTTY6 ,BUT =TUNATELY MOTIVATIONAL RESE>* CAN BE A TWO-$G$ WEAPON1 & 9 ?IS CASE CAN BE US$ TO TURN ! TABLES ON !SE /\T DEF5D]S ( CAPITALISM4 ,9 \R PROPAG&A1 BO? WRITT5 & ORAL1 WE MU/ EMPHASIZE1 9 ! FIR/ CATEGORY1 PO9TS ONE1 F\R & FIVE1 & 9 ! SECOND CATEGORY1 WE MU/ C\NT]ACT ALL ( ! PO9TS POSSIBLE & PROVIDE COMP5SAT+ MOTIVES = NOT VOT+4 

,?AT IS1 WE MU/ %[ ?AT NOT ONLY ! 9DIVIDUAL VOTE BUT ! COLLECTIVE VOTE AS WELL DOESN'T C\NT1 S9CE ! ELECTIONS >E F>CES ACT$ \T BY TWO P>TIES 9 COMPLETE AGREEM5T ON ! MA9 PO9T3 ! CONS]VATION ( AN UNJU/ SOCIAL SY/EM4 ,! ALREADY EXI/+ HEAL?Y DI/RU/ ( POLITICAL & GOV]NM5T =CES MU/ BE NURTUR$ & GIV5 A SOLID BASIS BY %[+ ! PEOPLE JU/ :AT ! REAL ROLE IS ( !SE GR\PS 9 \R SOCIETY4 ,& MO/ IMPORTANT ( ALL1 PEOPLE MU/ BE MADE TO SEE ! POT5TIAL IMPORTANCE ( MASS NO-VOT+ PROTE/S4 ,!SE MASS PROTE/S CAN ALSO GIVE PEOPLE ! FEEL+ ( GR\P ACTIVITY :I* APP>5TLY CAUSES MANY ( !M N[ TO GO TO ! POLLS4 

,AS = ! S5SE ( PATRIOTIC DUTY1 IT CAN EASILY BE %[N ?AT ! TRUE PA? = A P]SON :O LOVES HIS C\NTRY IS ?AT ( DO+ SOME?+ TO BETT] ! C\NTRY1 & ?AT ?IS CANNOT BE ACCOMPLI%$ BY VOT+2 TO ! CONTR>Y1 ?AT VOT+ ACTUALLY H>MS HIS C\NTRY4 ,?OSE ) /RONG P]SONAL FEEL+S = C]TA9 POLITICIANS OR = ! 0ISSUES0 AT /AKE MU/ BE CLE>LY %[N ! SORDID ROLE ( ! POLITICIANS 9 SOCIETY1 & ?AT !IR 0ISSUES0 >E SIMPLY SMOKESCRE5S ?R[N UP TO GA9 VOTES & OBSCURE !IR REAL REASONS = WANT+ P[]4 ,! EXCITEM5T ( ! CAMPAIGN CAN BE C\NT]ACT$ BY ! EQUALLY OR MORE 9T5SE EXCITEM5T ( AN 9T5SIVE NONVOT+ CAMPAIGN4 ,& LA/ BUT P]HAPS MO/ IMPORTANT ( ALL1 ! DRIVE T[>D CON=MITY MU/ BE F\<T AT EV]Y TURN BY %[+ ! C[>DLY NATURE ( A P]SON :O VOTES 7OR DOES ANY?+ ELSE7 M]ELY 9 ORD] TO CON=M TO ! GR\P1 LIKE A C[ BL9DLY FOLL[+ ! H]D OV] A PRECIPICE4 

,9 %ORT1 ! ABOVE LI/ SUGGE/S !SE & A WEAL? ( O!R IDEAS = C\NT]ACT+ ! P[]FUL PRESSURES BE+ EX]T$ ON ! PEOPLE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES = ! PURPOSE ( MAK+ !M TROD TO ! POLLS 9 ORD] TO GIVE !M A S5SE ( P>TICIPATION 9 A SY/EM :I* IS ACTUALLY OPPRESS+ !M4 ,IT'S \R JOB TO MAKE ! PEOPLE SEE ?AT EV]Y /EP T[>D ?OSE POLLS IS ANO!R /EP T[>D TOTALIT>IANISM4 

--,G,W,R 

,REPORT ON 0,UNIONISM0 

,! SC&ALS 9 ! ,TEAM/] & O!R UNIONS HAVE BE5 WELL PUBLICIZ$ & IT IS NOT NECESS>Y TO REPEAT :AT IS G5]ALLY KN[N4 ,WE CAN LE>N A GOOD DEAL AB\T ! CONDITION ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T :5 WE F9D \T H[ ! ,UNION (FICIALDOM & ! MEMB]%IP >E REACT+ TO ! EV5TS4 

,WE WILL BEG9 ) ! ,PRESID5T ( ! ,A,F,L-,C,I,O1 ,GEORGE ,MEANY4 ,! ,N4,Y4 ,TIMES 7,NOV4 #b1 #a#i#e#g7 9 AN >TICLE HEAD$ 0,MEANY ,IS ,%OCK$ ,BY ,RACKETS ,SCOPE0 QUOTES HIM3 

0,WE ?\<T WE KNEW A FEW ?+S AB\T TRADE UNION CORRUPTION1 BUT WE DIDN'T KN[ ! HALF ( IT1 ONE-T5? ( IT1 OR ! ONE-HUNDR$? P>T ( IT4 ,WE DIDN'T KN[1 = 9/ANCE1 ?AT WE HAD UNIONS :]E A CRIM9AL RECORD WAS ALMO/ A PR]EQUISITE TO HOLD+ (FICE UND] A NATIONAL UNION4 ,WE DIDN'T KN[ ?AT WE HAD TOP TRADE UNION LEAD]S :O MADE IT A PRACTICE TO SECRETLY BORR[ ! FUNDS ( !IR UNIONS4 ,WE DIDN'T KN[ ?AT !RE W]E TOP TRADE UNION LEAD]S :O US$ ! FUNDS = PHONY REAL E/ATE DEALS 9 :I* ! VICTIMS ( ! FRAUD W]E !IR [N MEMB]S4 ,& WE DIDN'T KN[ ?AT !RE W]E TRADE UNION LEAD]S :O *>G$ TO ! UNION TREASURY SU* ITEMS AS SPE$ BOATS1 P]FUME1 SILK /OCK+S1 BRASSI]ES1 COLOR ,T,V1 REFRIG]ATORS & EV]Y?+ ELSE UND] ! SUN40 

,MEANY WAS 9 ! OLD ,A,F,L TOGE!R ) ! ,TEAM/]S4 ,HE WAS NO D\BT ACQUA9T$ ) ,DAN ,TOB91 ,BECK & ,H(FA & ! (FICIALS ( ! O!R RACKET-RIDD5 UNIONS4 ,HE C\LD NOT HAVE BE5 ELECT$ AS PRESID5T ( ! ,A,F,L )\T !IR SUPPORT4 ,IS IT POSSIBLE ?AT HE DID NOT KN[ :AT WAS KN[N TO ANY 9TELLIG5T S*OOLBOY 9 #a#i#c#g1 :5 ! CORRUPTION 9 ! ,TEAM/]S & ,BUILD+ TRADE UNIONS WAS FRONT PAGE NEWS 9 ALMO/ EV]Y PAP] 9 ! C\NTRY8 ,MEANY IS GUILTY ( UNBELIEVABLE IGNORANCE OR HE IS LY+4 ,! *ANCES >E ?AT HE & ! O!R OLD TIM]S ON ! EXECUTIVE BO>D KNEW ALL ALONG ! TRUE SITUATION & !Y >E N[ TRY+ TO EXCUSE !IR FAILURE TO ACT BY PLEAD+ IGNORANCE4 

,E?ICS HAVE NO?+ TO DO ) IT4 ,?IS IS A FACTIONAL FI<T4 ,TWO OPPOS+ BLOCS >E BATTL+ = CONTROL ( ! LABOR MOVEM5T & ! ISSUE ( CORRUPTION IS A WEAPON ( ! ,MEANY =CES4 ,IF ,H(FA TAKES (FICE & ! ,TEAM/]S >E EXPELL$ FROM ! ,A,F,L-,C,I,O ! BATTLE WILL NOT BE OV]4 ,! ,H(FA FACTION WILL HAVE ! OP5 OR SECRET SUPPORT ( ! ,BUILD+ TRADE UNIONS & ! UNIONS :O DEP5D ON ! ,TEAM/]S TO HONOR !IR PICKET L9ES4 ,! ,C>P5T]S ) #h1 MEMB]S VOT$ NOT TO SUSP5D ! ,TEAM/]S4 ,! ,TEAM/]S HAVE MUTUAL AID AGREEM5TS ) ! ,C>P5T]S1 ,OP]AT+ ,5G9E]S & ,HOD ,C>RI]S ON A NATIONAL SCALE1 & !Y >E CONNECT$ ) HUNDR$S ( REGIONAL & LOCAL LABOR BODIES4 ,A BITT] & PROTRACT$ /RUGGLE IS B\ND TO TAKE PLACE4 ,ITS RESULTS CANNOT N[ BE PR$ICT$4 ,?IS MU* IS C]TA94 ,:ILE ! LABOR POLITICIANS BATTLE EA* O!R1 ! BOSSES WILL TAKE ADVANTAGE ( ! GR[+ UNEMPLOYM5T1 & WILL SUCCE$ 9 5ACT+ LAWS :I* WILL FUR!R WEAK5 ! DEMORALIZ$ LABOR MOVEM5T4 ,MEANY & ,CO4 IS MAK+ IT EASY = !M4 0,MR4 ,MEANY SAID LABOR WAS WILL+ TO ACCEPT REASONABLE CORRECTIVE LEGISLATION FROM ,CONGRESS TO PROTECT WORK]S AGA9/ L>C5Y1 ?IEV]Y & EMBEZZLEM5T40 7,N4,Y4 ,TIMES1 ,NOV4 #b1 #a#i#e#g7 

,SOON] OR LAT] ! MEMB]%IP WILL HAVE TO GET RID ( ! FAK]S & REGA9 CONTROL ( !IR ORGANIZATIONS4 ,?IS IS :Y ! ATTITUDE ( ! RANK & FILE IS CRUCIAL4 ,! DISEASES AFFLICT+ ! SOCIAL SY/EM HAVE SPREAD TO ! LABOR MOVEM5T4 ,:5 IT ADOPTS ! /&>DS ( ! CORRUPT & PR$ATORY SOCIETY1 DEMORALIZATION IS 9EVITABLE4 ,! DEMORALIZATION & APA?Y >E SOCIAL FACTS4 ,IT AFFECTS NOT ONLY ! LEAD]%IP BUT ALSO POISONS ! M9D ( ! AV]AGE MEMB]4 ,MANY MEMB]S SAY1 0,I'M WORK+4 ,WE HAVE A GOOD CONTRACT & WELF>E4 ,AS LONG AS ,I GET M9E1 ,I'M SATISFI$ TO LET ! (FICIALS GET !IRS4 ,I'D DO ! SAME IF ,I W]E 9 !IR %OES4 ,:Y %\LD ,I /ICK MY NECK \T8 ,IF ,I LOSE MY JOB ,I'M COOK$40 

,IT IS H[EV] 5C\RAG+ TO LE>N ?AT !RE IS CONSID]ABLE F]M5T 9 ! ,TEAM/]S' ,UNION4 ,RANK & FILE COMMITTEES EXI/ 9 #d ( ! #hia LOCALS4 #fe MEMB]S ( ,H(FA'S ,LOCAL #bii 7,DETROIT71 SIGN$ AFFIDAVITS :I* /AT$ ?AT ,H(FA'S ELECTION WAS ILLEGAL4 ,IT IS REGRETTABLE ?AT !Y DEP5D ON ! C\RTS TO CLEAN H\SE = !M1 BUT IT DOES %[ ?AT !Y >E BEG9N+ TO WAKE UP4 ,IT TAKES REAL C\RAGE TO /& UP AGA9/ ! MA*9E4 ,A HEAL?I] REACTION WAS %[N BY RANK & FILE MEMB]S FROM FIVE UP/ATE ,NEW ,YORK LOCALS4 ,!Y CALL$ A MEET+ TO 0?R[ ! RACKETE]S \T ( \R UNION40 ,]NE/ ,DE ,MONT1 %OP /EW>D ( ,SYRACUSE LOCAL #c#a#g1 SAID ?AT MORE ?AN #b MEMB]S FROM ,AUBURN1 ,FULTON1 ,UTICA1 ,OSWEGO & ,SYRACUSE W\LD ATT5D4 ,:E!R !SE MODE/ BEG9N+S >E ACCID5TAL OR :E!R !Y 9DICATE A DEF9ITE TR5D REMA9S TO BE SE54 

,= A ,CON/RUCTIVE ,LIB]T>IAN ,MOVEM5T BY ,GA/ON ,LEVAL 

,?IS >TICLE1 A TRANSLATION FROM ,D,E,F,5,S,E ,D,E ,L',H,O,M,M,E1 WAS ORIG9ALLY PUBLI%$ 9 ,V,I,E,W,S ,& ,C,O,M,M,5,T,S = ,FEBRU>Y1 #a#i#e#f4 ,IT WAS V]Y WELL RECEIV$ AT ?AT TIME & NUM]\S READ]S HAVE REQUE/$ ITS REPUBLICATION4 

 "9 "9 "9 

,ANYONE :O1 LIKE MYSELF1 HAS BE5 A LONG TIME MILITANT 9 ! 9T]NATIONAL LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T & :O HAS /UDI$ ITS HI/ORY )\T P>TISAN BL9D]S1 CANNOT IGNORE ! FACT ?AT1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( PRE-,FRANCO ,SPA9 & ( ,S\? ,KOREA BE=E ! W>1 ! MOVEM5T HAS BE5 /AGNAT+ 9 EV]Y S5SE ( ! WORD4 ,& ANYONE :O IS NOT BL9D$ BY UN9TELLIG5T FANATICISM1 IS FAC$ ) ?IS DILEMMA1 ,EI!R ! LIB]T>IAN IDEAS >E 9 CONTRADICTION ) NATURE & HUMAN POSSIBILITIES OR1 !SE IDEAS HAVE NOT BE5 ABLE TO P5ETRATE ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y M9ORITIES :O 9FLU5CE1 & (T5 DET]M9E1 SOCIAL EVOLUTION4 

,W]E ,I NOT CONV9C$ ?AT ! SECOND ( !SE TWO HYPO!SES IS ! CORRECT ONE1 ,I W\LD HAVE CEAS$ TO /RUGGLE = ! DISSEM9ATION & TRIUMPH ( \R IDEAS A LONG TIME AGO4 ,BUT ,I AM TOO CONV9C$ ( ! SOCIAL TRU? 9 SOCIALI/ AN>*ISM 7US+ ! WORD 0SOCIALI/0 9 ITS ORIG9AL S5SE7 TO TAKE ?IS ATTITUDE4 ,C]TA9LY !RE >E ?+S ?AT MU/ BE REEXAM9$ 9 ! LI<T ( NEW EXP]I5CE1 AS !RE >E 9 ALL SY/EMS ?AT >E ! SYN!SIS ( LONG EXP]I5CE1 IF ! DOCTR9ES ( LIB]ATION >E NOT TO BECOME DOGMAS1 /ULTIFY+ ?\<T & ACTION4 ,BUT ! ESS5TIALS REMA94 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ! MASS1 & 9 ?IS CASE1 ! AN>*I/ MASS1 HAS TOO (T5 NOT UND]/OOD !SE ESS5TIALS4 ,I CONSID] IT A GRAVE ]ROR = US TO HAVE DEF9$ \RSELVES ) A NEGATION4 ,AN>*Y--! NEGATION ( '>*IES1' ( HI]>*IES1 ( DIV]SE SOCIAL /RATA1 ( RI* & ( POOR1 ( MA/]S & SLAVES1 ( GOV]NM5T & GOV]N$2 FROM :I* FOLL[S EQUALITY 9 LAW & 9 FACT1 9 ! POLITICAL & ECONOMIC SPH]ES1 9 ! PURSUIT ( LIB]TY & 9 ! POSSIBILITIES ( MAT]IAL1 9TELLECTUAL & MORAL SATISFACTIONS4 

,SU* IS ! !ORY4 ,! PO9T ( DEP>TURE REMA9S A NEGATION4 ,&1 UN=TUNATELY1 ?IS NEGATION IS :AT HAS BE5 SPIRITUALLY1 9TELLECTUALLY & PRACTICALLY IMPR9T$ ON ! M9DS ( EV]YONE FROM ! ILLIT]ATE TO ! 9TELLECTUAL4 ,IT DOES NOT MAKE ANY DIFF]5CE :O DECL>ES HIMSELF TO BE AN 5EMY ( AU?ORITY1 ( LAW1 ( GOV]NM5T1 ( ! BOSS1 ( ALL DISCIPL9E & ( ALL RESPONSIBILITY4 ,IT SUFFICES TO D5Y 9 ORD] TO BE AN AN>*I/4 ,CONSEQU5TLY !SE NEGATORS HAVE (T5 DI/ORT$ ! PR(\ND IDEAS ( \R ?9K]S WOR?Y ( ! NAME AN>*I/--,PR\DHON1 ,BAKUN91 ,ROCK]1 ,KROPOTK9--OR MO/ (T5 HAVE IGNOR$ !M4 

,9T]NATIONALLY !N1 ASIDE FROM SEV]AL EXCEPTIONS1 AS 9 ! CASE ( ,SPA91 AN>*ISM HAS APPE>$ AS A COLLECTION ( NEGATIONS4 ,IT CAN BE SAID1 CIT+ ,PR\DHON1 ?AT 0ALL NEGATION IMPLIES A SUBSEQU5T AFFIRMATION40 ,9 FACT1 NO SU* IMPLICATION NE$ EXI/ 9 ! M9DS ( ?OSE :O W\LD MAKE SU* A /ATEM5T4 ,ONE CAN !ORETICALLY OR 9/9CTIVELY D5Y AU?ORITY )\T CONCEIV+ ( A NON-AU?ORIT>IAN SOCIETY1 FEEL+ ! NE$ ( SU* A SOCIETY1 OR /RUGGL+ = ITS REALIZATION4 ,ONE CAN CONDEMN ECONOMIC 9EQUALITY & ! EXPLOITATION ( MAN BY MAN )\T CONSID]+ ! WAYS BY :I* AN EQUALIT>IAN SOCIETY C\LD BE BR\<T 9TO BE+4 

,! CONSEQU5CE ( NEGATION1 OR ( 9ITIAL NEGATIONS AS !Y HAVE EMANAT$ FROM C]TA9 ?9K]S1 HAVE NOT BE5 & >E NOT1 COMP5SAT+ AFFIRMATIONS4 ,!SE AFFIRMATIONS CAN BE F\ND 9 ACCID5TAL POLEMICS1 BUT !Y >E ABS5T FROM ! ?\<TS & P]MAN5T ATTITUDES ( MANY AN>*I/S4 

,?IS IS :Y ! PRES5T AN>*I/ PROPAG&A & RECRUIT+ TE*NIQUES >E ESS5TIALLY ! SAME AS ?OSE ( FIFTY YE>S AGO4 ,!Y >E ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN1 ANTI-MILIT>I/1 ANTI-CAPITALI/1 ANTI-,GOD1 ETC4 ,MO/ ( ! TIME !RE IS A REPETITION ( SUP]FICIAL >GUM5TS ?AT TIRE ! 9TELLIG5T LI/5] & DISC\RAGE ! OBS]V]4 ,A S]I\S1 PR(\ND & DOCUM5T$ CRITIQUE CAN HAVE A CON/RUCTIVE *>ACT] 9 AS MU* AS IT SUGGE/S NEW SOLUTIONS4 ,BUT ?AT :I* HAS BE5 DONE BY ?9K]S & SOCIOLOGI/S HAS BE5 TOO (T5 SCORN$ BY !IR DISCIPLES4 

,! PRES5TATION ( AN>*I/ IDEAS HAS BE5 R$UC$ TO A COMMON D5OM9ATOR ( NEGATIVE M$IOCRITY BY ! LAW ( LEA/ 9TELLECTUAL EF=T1 ! LACK ( M5TAL DISCIPL9E & ! CONFUSION BETWE5 POLITICAL AU?ORITY & ! NECESS>Y 9FLU5CE ( KN[L$GE4 ,IF WE DO NOT KN[ H[ TO LEAVE !SE SWAMPS 9 :I* WE >E MIR$1 IT IS USELESS TO HOPE = ! FUTURE ( \R MOVEM5T OR EV5 = ! 9FLU5CE ( \R IDEAS ON HUMAN EVOLUTION4 

,KROPOTK9 WROTE A BOOK 5TITL$ ,M,U,T,U,A,L ,A,I,D4 ,UP UNTIL ,WORLD ,W> ,I,I1 ?IS BOOK WAS V]Y WELL KN[N TO AN>*I/S 5T]+ \R MOVEM5T4 ,IT WAS TRANSLAT$ 9TO MO/ ( ! LANGUAGES ( ! CULTURALLY DEVELOP$ C\NTRIES & EV5 PUBLI%$ BY B\RGEOIS PUBLI%]S :O DID NOT WAIT = ! AN>*I/S TO GIVE !M A SALES GU>ANTEE4 

,M,U,T,U,A,L ,A,I,D IS RI<TLY CONSID]$ TO BE ! FUNDAM5TAL WRIT+ ( SOCIALI/ AN>*ISM4 ,C]TA9LY1 ,D>W9 HAD ALREADY SUGGE/$ 9 PASS+1 SOME IDEAS :I* %[$ ! WAY4 ,C]TA9LY1 ,PR\DHON1 ) BRILLIANT CL>ITY1 HAD 9DICAT$ ! IMPORTANCE ( ! SOLID>ITY ( ! SPECIES1 9 HIS FIR/ WRIT+S ON ! SUBJECT ( PROP]TY4 ,& IT IS LIKEWISE TRUE ?AT ! V]Y OBS]VANT ,BAKUN9 DID NOT FAIL TO NOTICE ! (T5 PREPOND]ANT *>ACT] ( ?IS FACTOR 9 ! LIFE ( ALL SOCIETY4 

,BUT IT WAS NECESS>Y = ,KROPOTK91 A TRUE SCI5TI/1 A GEOLOGI/ & GEOGRAPH]1 :O1 AT ! AGE ( TW5TY-FIVE HAD GA!R$ ALL ! NECESS>Y MAT]IAL = ! REVELATION TO ! SCI5TIFIC WORLD ( ! TRUE OROGRAPHIC /RUCTURE ( EA/]N ,ASIA1 & :O1 AT ! AGE ( ?IRTY1 WAS (F]$ ! PRESID5CY ( ! ,RUSSIAN ,PHYSICAL ,GEOGRAPHIC ,SOCIETY = HIS DISCOV]IES REG>D+ ! IMPORTANCE ( ! GLACIAL P]IOD 9 ,EUROPE1 & :O LAT] REPLAC$ ,HUXLEY 9 ! ,5CYCLOP$IA ,BRITANNICA--IT WAS NECESS>Y1 ,I SAY1 TO 9CORPORATE ! FACTOR ( SOCIABILITY & ACQUIR$ PROGRESS 9 TO ! ?\<T ( SOCIALI/ AN>*ISM & TO GIVE IT AN IMPORTANCE ?AT IS RECOGNIZ$1 ALAS1 BY TOO FEW ( US4 

,KROPOTK9 %[S MUTUAL AID TO BE A BIOLOGIC LAW ( PROGRESS4 ,/>T+ ) ! 9SECT1 & CLIMB+ ! ZOOLOGIC LADD] UP TO MAN & MOD]N CIVILIZATION1 MUTUAL AID IS BO? A NE$ & A NECESS>Y CONDITION = EVOLUTION4 ,?OSE SPECIES & ?OSE SEGM5TS ( HUMANITY :O CAN BE/ PRACTICE MUTUAL AID HAVE ! BE/ *ANCE ( SURVIV+ & PROGRESS+ 9 ?IS T]RIBLE /RUGGLE = LIFE1 IMPOS$ BY A BL9D FATE4 

,SU*1 9 ESS5CE1 WAS ! REFUTATION ?AT WAS US$ AGA9/ SOCIAL ,D>W9ISM1 9 ! NAME ( :I* ! APOLOGI/S = A LAISSEZ-FAIRE ECONOMY HAD SET UP ! /RUGGLE ( ALL V]SUS ALL AS ! FUNDAM5TAL LAW ( PROGRESS &1 ?US1 JU/IFI$ !IR PRIVILEGES4 ,?IS WAS UND]/OOD BY ! AN>*I/S :O READ ?IS BOOK4 ,?OSE ( !M :O HAD NOT BE5 ABLE TO /UDY NATURAL HI/ORY1 W5T 9TO EC/ASIES OV] ! REVELATIONS ( ! CONC]TS ( ! BIRDS1 ! AMUSEM5TS ( COLONIES ( MONKEYS & ( CRANES1 ! BEAV] VILLAGES & ! CIVILIZATION ( ! T]MITES4 

,!Y DID NOT ALWAYS UND]/& ?AT ?IS BOOK W5T MU* F>!R1 ?AT IT E/ABLI%$ A NEW PHILOSOPHY ( LIFE1 ?AT IT CREAT$ NEW BASIC !ORIES ( SOCIALI/ AN>*ISM & ( SOCIALISM ITSELF1 & ?AT IT WAS ! BIOLOGIC SYN!SIS ( A NEW HUMANISM4 

,BUT1 ESS5TIALLY1 ,M,U,T,U,A,L ,A,I,D GAVE TO AN>*ISM ! BASIS ( A CON/RUCTIVE ,*>ACT]4 ,NO LONG] WAS A DOM9AT+ NEGATION ! SOLE RESULT ( ! ANALYSIS ( HI/ORY4 ,TO ! AU?ORIT>IAN 9T]PRETATION ( HUMAN EVOLUTION & ! DEVELOPM5T ( SOCIETIES1 ,KROPOTK9 OPPOS$ AN ANTI- OR AN A-AU?ORIT>IAN 9T]PRETATION2 TO ! BELIEF 9 ! NECESSITY ( *IEFS & ( POLITICAL FRAMEWORKS1 HE OPPOS$ ! CREATIVE EF=T ( MAN & ! SELF ORGANIZATION ( COLLECTIVITIES4 ,! G5]AL S5SE ( HIS BOOK L$ TO ! SY/EMATIZATION ( A PREEXI/+ SOCIAL CONCEPTION :I* HE EXPECT$ US TO 5L>GE & CAUSE TO TRIUMPH4 

,9 O!R WRIT+S1 ,KROPOTK9 9SI/S ON ! HI/ORIC IMPORTANCE1 = ! PA/ & ! FUTURE1 ( !SE PRACTICES ( MUTUAL AID & ( ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN ORGANIZATION4 ,9 HIS PAMPHLET ,! ,/,A,T,E--,I,T,S ,H,I,/,O,R,I,C ,R,O,L,E1 HE IS NOT CONT5T ) GIV+ ! AN>*I/ VIEW ( ! /ATE & PROV+ ?AT1 F> FROM ITS BE+ M]ELY ! 9/RUM5T ( DOM9ANT ECONOMIC =CES1 AS ,M>X & HIS FOLL[]S ASS]T1 IT IS A =CE ?AT ABOVE ALL1 OBEYS ! DICTATES ( ITS [N 9/ITUTIONAL & CA/E 9T]E/S4 ,AS EXAMPLES ( NON-/ATI/ /RUCTURES & 9/ITUTIONS1 HE CITES ! CORPORATIONS & GUILD ASSOCIATIONS ( ! MIDDLE AGES1 ! COMMUNES & F$]ATIONS ( COMMUNES--SUBJECTS ALREADY AMPLY DEVELOP$ 9 ,M,U,T,U,A,L ,A,I,D4 ,& 9 ,! ,C,O,N,Q,U,E,/ ,( ,B,R,E,A,D HE GIVES AS EXAMPLES ( 0FREE ALLIANCE10 ORGANIZATIONS AMONG ! SAVAGES1 CULTURAL1 SCI5TIFIC & >TI/IC SOCIETIES1 ! ,R$ ,CROSS1 ! BOATM5'S ASSOCIATIONS ( ! ,SC&9AVIAN C\NTRIES & EV5 ! GREAT 9T]NATIONAL RAILWAY COMPANIES :I* HAD BE5 ABLE TO ORGANIZE !MSELVES )\T ! ,/ATE & :I* %[$ ?AT SU* ORGANIZATION WAS POSSIBLE4 

,IF ONE REMEMB]S ONLY ! BIRD CONC]TS ( ,M,U,T,U,A,L ,A,I,D &1 IF1 AFT] READ+ ,! ,C,O,N,Q,U,E,/ ,( ,B,R,E,A,D1 ONE RETA9S ONLY A FEW IDEAS :I* >E POORLY EXPRESS$ :5 TAK5 LIT]ALLY1 SU* AS 0! CITIZ5S ( GOOD WILL0 :O WILL COME =W>D TO ORGANIZE ?+S 9 ! MID/ ( ! REVOLUTION1 ONE IS B\ND TO BE GREATLY MI/AK54 ,=1 9 ALL ( HIS WRIT+S1 ,KROPOTK9 9SI/$ ON ! RESPONSIBILITY1 ! ESS5TIAL ROLE & ! PRE-REVOLUTION>Y PREP>ATION ( M9ORITIES4 ,BUT TO WORK 9 ?IS L>GELY CON/RUCTIVE DIRECTION DOES NOT APPEAL TO ! NEGAT+ SPIRIT ( ! MAJORITY ( HIS SELF-PROCLAIM$ DISCIPLES4 

,BAKUN9 HAS SUFF]$ ! SAME FATE AS ,KROPOTK94 ,MO/ AN>*I/S :O SPEAK ( HIM >E IGNORANT ( HIS CON/RUCTIVE ?\<T & WORK1 SEE+ 9 HIM ONLY ! ,MUSCOVITE ,SATAN ?AT TOO MANY BIOGRAPH]S HAVE /UPIDLY PORTRAY$4 ,FROM ,PR\DHON1 !Y RETA9 ONLY ! SLOGAN 0PROP]TY IS !FT40 ,!Y DO NOT KN[ ?AT ?R\<\T HIS WORKS1 HE HAS D5I$ ?IS S5T5CE 9 UNMI/AKABLE T]MS1 ?AT HE DEF5D$ ! 9DIVIDUAL'S POSSESSION ( PROP]TY & ?AT HIS CON/RUCTIVE IDEAS 7EV5 :]E !Y >E CONTRADICTORY7 F> \TWEI< HIS DE/RUCTIVE V]BIAGE4 

,IT IS OBVI\S ?AT A SOCIAL MOVEM5T CANNOT LIVE ON NEGATION4 ,LIFE IS AN AFFIRMATION & ?AT :I* DE/ROYS MORE ?AN IT CAN BUILD1 ONLY LEADS TO ANNIHILATION4 ,?AT IS :AT SO MANY PEOPLE :OM WE APPROA*1 HONE/LY & S9C]ELY TELL US4 ,& ?AT IS :AT WE MU/ TAKE 9TO CONSID]ATION4 ,:5 ONE ?9KS ( ! SPIRIT & ! CON/RUCTIVE EF=TS ( \R PR$ECESSORS 9 ! ,FIR/ ,9T]NATIONAL1 & ! EMPT9ESS ( ! G5]ATIONS ?AT HAVE FOLL[$ !M1 ! CONTRA/ IS AS PA9FUL AS IT IS GL>+4 

,TODAY !RE >E MANY T5S ( ?\S&S1 ESPECIALLY AMONG ?OSE HAV+ A C]TA9 DEGREE ( CULTURE1 :O1 CONFRONT$ BY FACTS1 HAVE >RIV$ AT CONCLUSIONS AS NEGATIVE AS \R [N4 ,!Y CONSID] ! LAISSEZ-FAIRE ECONOMY ) ITS CAPITALI/ ORGANIZATION & EXPLOITATION1 TO BE JU/LY DOOM$4 ,!Y HAVE BE5 CONV9C$ BY DEPRESSIONS 7P>TICUL>LY ! ONE ( #a#i#b#i#a#i#c#d71 BY ! G5]AL DISORD] & BY ! W>S = COMM]CIAL GA9 OR RAW MAT]IALS4 ,AL>M$ BY ! 9CREAS+ 9T]F]5CE ( ! /ATE 9 EV]Y ASPECT ( SOCIAL LIFE1 & FAC$ BY ! M5ACE ( FASCI/1 BOL%EVIK OR PSEUDO-SOCIALI/ TOTALIT>IANISM1 !Y TOO >E =C$ TO ! CONCLUSION ?AT MAN MU/ PROTE/ AGA9/ ! UNIV]SAL 0GOV]NM5TALIZATION40 

,IT IS USELESS TO TALK TO !SE PEOPLE AB\T ! TAXES !Y PAY1 AB\T ! BUREAUCRACY :I* !Y SEE GR[+ BE=E !IR V]Y EYES1 OR AB\T !IR %R9K+ LIB]TIES4 ,IF ONE DOES ?IS AT ALL1 ONE MU/ %[ !M ?AT ALL !SE ?+S >E 9 ! V]Y NATURE ( ! /ATE AS PROV5 BY HI/ORY FROM ! DAYS ( ! ,PH>AOHS1 D[N TO ,HITL] & ,/AL94 ,WE MU/ 5L>GE !IR VISION ( SOCIETY4 ,WE MU/ GIVE TO !IR OBS]VATIONS ( ! MOM5T1 A P]MAN5T SIGNIFICANCE4 

,!Y MU/ BE GIV5 AN OV]ALL PICTURE ( \R SY/EM IF !Y >E TO LE>N ITS ME*ANISM & TRULY UND]/& ITS EVIL *>ACT]4 ,ABOVE ALL1 !Y MU/ BE TOLD :AT ! POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS >E4 ,!IR NEGATIVE CONCLUSIONS CONC]N+ ! /ATE & ! SO-CALL$ FREE ECONOMY1 LOGICALLY LEAD !M T[>D LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM4 ,IT IS = US TO %[ !M 9 :AT MANN] LIB]T>IAN SOCIALISM IS FEASIBLE4 ,WE MU/ SE>* ALONG ) !M BUT WE MU/1 ALSO1 GUIDE !M--= WE HAVE PLAC$ \RSELVES AT ! HEAD ( ! TASK ( DEMOLITION4 

,!SE PEOPLE :O >E REPELL$ BY DEMAGOGY--DEMAGOGY ATTRACTS ONLY IMBECILES--MU/ BE GIV5 SOME?+ BETT] ?AN A REPETITION ( G5]ALIZ$ CRITICISMS :I* HAVE LO/ !IR PUN*4 ,!Y NE$ CON/RUCTIVE IDEAS1 BO? AT ! !ORETICAL & ! PRACTICAL LEVELS4 

,I HAVE (T5 ?\<T1 = EXAMPLE1 ?AT WE \<T TO WID5 & EXT5D ! ROAD %[N BY ,KROPOTK94 ,WE \<T TO REEXAM9E ! HI/ORY ( CIVILIZATION & FROM ?IS REEXAM9ATION1 DRAW CONCLUSIONS ?AT W\LD GIVE TO ! LIB]T>IAN IDEAS A VALUE )\T EQUAL4 ,ELISEE ,RECLUS HAS DONE ?IS 9 ,M,A,N ,& ,! ,E,>,?1 BUT MORE C\LD BE DONE1 & BETT]--MORE & BETT] ?AN ,KROPOTK91 TOO4 ,IF WE TAKE ! :OLE BODY ( HUMAN ACTIVITIES ?AT HAVE ASSUR$ ! EXI/5CE1 ! DEVELOPM5T & ! PROGRESS ( ! SPECIES1 WE CAN D]IVE ! LIB]T>IAN 9T]PRETATION ( HI/ORY ?AT ,I HAVE ALREADY M5TION$1 & USE IT AGA9/ ! AU?ORIT>IANS4 

,AGRICULTURE1 ANIMAL HUSB&RY & DOME/ICATION--TE*NIQUES :I* W]E AT FIR/ PRIMITIVE & LAT] BR\<T TO P]FECTION--! BUILD+ ( %ELT]S & !N1 ( DWELL+S1 H&ICRAFTS & TRADES1 >TS--ALL ( ! >TS2 SCI5CES--ALL ( ! SCI5CES1 SY/EMS ( PHILOSOPHY1 PRIMITIVE ME?ODS ( L& TRANSPORT1 RIV] & OCEAN TRANSPORT--! VA/ MAJORITY ( !SE ACTIVITIES & CREATIONS HAVE BE5 ! WORK ( M5 :O W]E DRIV5 BY NE$ & BY !IR 9EXHAU/IBLE DESIRE TO KN[ ! BEYOND4 ,SU* A /UDY1 ) ALL ?AT IT 5TAILS1 W\LD GIVE TO LIB]T>IAN ?\<T AN 9COMP>ABLE =CE4 ,ORI5TAT+ ITSELF ALONG POSITIVE L9ES1 IT W\LD CREATE A CON/RUCTIVE PSY*OLOGY4 ,IT W\LD 5RI* US ) A BETT] UND]/&+ ( MAN'S EF=TS4 

,WE C\LD TAKE UP ! /UDY ( ! GREAT PROBLEMS ( SOCIAL UND]TAK+S &1 9/EAD ( REPEAT+ \R LITTLE CRITICISMS1 WE C\LD PROPOSE TO \R FELL[ CITIZ5S A NEW ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY1 A CONCEPTION BAS$ ON A MORE PR(\ND KN[L$GE ( ALL ! ECONOMIC1 HUMAN1 PSY*OLOGICAL &1 EV51 E?NIC PROBLEMS--A CONCEPTION BAS$ UPON ! POSSESSION ( ALL ! FACTS CONC]N+ AGRICULTURAL & 9DU/RIAL PRODUCTION1 ( KN[L$GE ( NATIONAL & 9T]NATIONAL RELATIONS1 QUE/IONS ( 5]GY & RAW MAT]IALS1 TRANSPORT1 ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY & DI/RIBUTION4 ,9 %ORT1 WE MU/ ACQUIRE A TRA9+ & BACKGR\ND :I* WILL CONV9CE ?OSE :OM WE WI% TO 9FLU5CE ?AT !Y >E DEAL+ ) CAPABLE1 S]I\S & RESPONSIBLE M5--NOT ) SIMPLE AGITATORS OR DILETTANTES ( REVOLUTION4 

,IT IS BY CON/RUCTIVE RA!R ?AN BY NEGATIVE PROPAG&A ?AT ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T WILL ATTRACT WOR?:ILE MEMB]S1 )\T :OM IT CAN ACCOMPLI% NO?+4 ,AT A TIME :5 DOM9ATION BY ! /ATE IS MAK+ SU* =MIDABLE PROGRESS1 ! LIT]>Y DEF5SE ( ! RI<TS ( ! 9DIVIDUAL IS LITTLE MORE ?AN A PLEASANT PA/IME4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ! GREAT 9CREASE 9 HUMAN NE$S1 ! 9T]DEP5D5CE ( M5 & ! RESULT+ NE$ = CO-ORD9AT$ ACTIVITY MAKE IT NECESS>Y TO SET =? SOCIAL OBJECTIVES 9 A WAY ?AT WILL 9T]E/ S]I\S PEOPLE4 

,!RE >E 9 ,FRANCE1 P]HAPS #a1 AN>*I/S :O DON'T KN[ IT--& !Y WILL NOT BE ATTRACT$ BECAUSE ONLY 0WORK+ CLASS0 7,FR5*3 \VRI]I/E7 PROPAG&A IS US$4 ,?IS1 9 SUB/ANCE1 IS :AT A COMRADE REC5TLY WROTE4 ,I AGREE ) HIM4 ,BUT ,I DO NOT BELIEVE !Y CAN BE ATTRACT$ BY PROPAG&A :I* CONC5TRATES SOLELY ON ! RI<TS ( ! 9DIVIDUAL4 ,WE MU/ (F] CON/RUCTIVE IDEAS :I* EMBRACE SOCIETY AS A :OLE4 ,= ! 9DIVIDUAL IS NOT 9DEP5D5T ( ! GR\P4 ,)\T IT1 HE W\LD BE NO?+--JU/ AS ! COMRADE ( :OM ,I SPEAK1 W\LD NOT HAVE ACQUIR$ ! CULTURE NECESS>Y = ! DEVELOPM5T ( HIS 9DIVIDUALITY1 HAD IT NOT BE5 = ! WORK ( ALL ( HUMANITY4 

,FIR/ LET !RE BE CON/RUCTIVE WORK4 ,BUT IT MU/ BE ! WORK ( TRUE SOCIOLOGI/S & ECONOMI/S 7( SPECIALI/S1 IF NECESS>Y7--NOT ( AB/RACT !ORETICIANS1 ( LIT]>Y DABBL]S 9 SOCIOLOGY OR ( FABRICATORS ( UTOPIAS4 ,!SE ?+S >E NOT ABSOLUTELY USELESS1 BUT !Y >E ABSOLUTELY NOT 5\<4 ,BY TAK+ ! ESS5TIAL TEA*+S ( \R GREAT PR$ECESSORS & RE-ADAPT+ !M TO \R TIME1 WE CAN CREATE AN 9TELLECTUAL MOVEM5T1 A SOCIOLOGICAL S*OOL ?AT IS ATTUN$ TO ! PRES5T EVOLUTION ( ! WORLD1 SO ?AT \R EF=TS WILL NOT BE DOOM$ TO FAILURE4 ,IT IS BY C>RY+ =W>D ! WORK ( CON/RUCTION1 EV5 :ILE DE/ROY+ ?AT :I* MU/ BE DE/ROY$1 ?AT ! LIB]T>IAN CURR5T ( SOCIALISM WILL BR+ TO HUMANITY A NEW MESSAGE1 A NEW FAI?1 A =CE ( RESURRECTION ?AT CAN SAVE US FROM /ATISM & CAPITALISM ALIKE4 

,BAKUN9 ON ! ,/ATE 

7REPR9T$ FROM ,! ,P,O,L,I,T,I,C,A,L ,P,H,I,L,O,S,O,P,H,Y ( ,B,A,K,U,N,91 ,COMPIL$ & $IT$ BY ,P4,G4 ,MAXIM(F4 ,! ,FREE ,PRESS1 #a#i#e#c7 

,CAPITALISM & ,REPRES5TATIVE ,DEMOCRACY 

,MOD]N CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION & BANK+ SPECULATIONS DEM& = !IR FULL DEVELOPM5T A VA/ C5TRALIZ$ ,/ATE APP>ATUS :I* ALONE IS CAPABLE ( SUBJECT+ ! MILLIONS ( TOIL]S TO !IR EXPLOITATION4 

,A F$]AL ORGANIZATION1 FROM ! BOTTOM UPW>D1 ( WORK]S' ASSOCIATIONS1 GR\PS1 CITY & VILLAGE COMMUNES1 & F9ALLY ( REGIONS & PEOPLES1 ! SOLE CONDITION ( A REAL & NOT FICTITI\S LIB]TY1 IS JU/ AS CONTR>Y TO CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION AS ANY SORT ( ECONOMIC AUTONOMY4 ,BUT CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION & BANK+ SPECULATION GET ALONG V]Y WELL ) ! SO-CALL$ REPRES5TATIVE DEMOCRACY2 = ?IS MO/ MOD]N ,/ATE =M1 BAS$ UPON ! PRET5D$ RULE BY ! PEOPLE'S WILL1 ALLEG$LY EXPRESS$ BY ! W\LD-BE REPRES5TATIVES ( ! PEOPLE AT ! SUPPOS$LY POPUL> ASSEMBLIES1 UNITES 9 ITSELF ! TWO CONDITIONS NECESS>Y = ! PROSP]ITY ( ! CAPITALI/IC ECONOMY3 ,/ATE C5TRALIZATION & ! ACTUAL SUBJECTION ( ! ,SOV]EIGN--,! ,PEOPLE--TO ! M9ORITY ALLEG$LY REPRES5T+ IT BUT ACTUALLY GOV]N+ IT 9TELLECTUALLY & 9V>IABLY EXPLOIT+ IT4 

,MOD]N ,/ATE ,MU/ ,HAVE ,C5TRALIZ$1 ,MILIT>Y ,APP>ATUS4 

,! MOD]N ,/ATE1 9 ITS ESS5CE & AIMS1 IS NECESS>ILY A MILIT>Y ,/ATE1 & A MILIT>Y ,/ATE IS DRIV5 ON BY ! V]Y SAME LOGIC TO BECOME A CONQU]+ ,/ATE4 ,IF IT DOES NOT CONQU]1 IT WILL BE CONQU]$ BY O!RS1 & ?AT IS TRUE = ! SIMPLE REASON ?AT :]E !RE IS =CE1 IT MU/ MANIFE/ ITSELF 9 SOME =M4 ,H5CE IT FOLL[S ?AT ! MOD]N ,/ATE 9V>IABLY MU/ BE A VA/ & P[]FUL ,/ATE3 ONLY UND] ?IS 9DISP5SABLE CONDITION CAN IT PRES]VE ITSELF4 

,DYNAMICS ( ,/ATE & ,CAPITALISM ,>E ,ID5TICAL4 

,& JU/ AS CAPITALI/ PRODUCTION & BANK+ SPECULATION1 :I* 9 ! LONG RUN SWALL[S UP ?AT PRODUCTION1 MU/1 UND] ! ?REAT ( BANKRUPTCY1 CEASELESSLY EXP& AT ! EXP5SE ( ! SMALL F9ANCIAL & PRODUCTIVE 5T]PRISES :I* !Y ABSORB1 MU/ BECOME UNIV]SAL1 MONOPOLI/IC 5T]PRISES EXT5D+ ALL OV] ! WORLD--SO ?IS MOD]N & NECESS>ILY MILIT>Y /ATE IS DRIV5 ON BY AN IRREPRESSIBLE URGE TO BECOME A UNIV]SAL ,/ATE4 ,BUT A UNIV]SAL ,/ATE1 :I* ( C\RSE1 CAN BE REALIZ$1 CAN EXI/ ONLY 9 A S+UL> NUMB]1 ! COEXI/5CE ( TWO SU* ,/ATES ALONGSIDE ( EA* O!R BE+ UTT]LY IMPOSSIBLE4 

,MON>*Y & ,REPUBLIC4 

,HEGEMONY IS ONLY A MODE/ MANIFE/ATION1 POSSIBLE UND] ! CIRCUM/ANCES1 ( ?IS UNREALIZABLE URGE 9H]5T 9 EV]Y ,/ATE4 ,& ! FIR/ CONDITION ( ?IS HEGEMONY IS ! RELATIVE IMPOT5CE & SUBJECTION ( ALL ! NEI<BOR+ ,/ATES4 ,AT ! PRES5T TIME1 MO/ S]I\S 9 ITS IMPLICATIONS1 A /RONG ,/ATE CAN ONLY HAVE ONE F\NDATION3 MILIT>Y & BUREAUCRATIC C5TRALIZATION4 ,9 ?IS RESPECT ! ESS5TIAL DIFF]5CE BETWE5 A MON>*Y & A DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC IS R$UC$ TO ! FOLL[+3 9 A MON>*Y ! BUREAUCRATIC WORLD OPPRESSES & PLUND]S ! PEOPLE = ! GREAT] B5EFIT ( ! PRIVILEG$ PROP]TI$ CLASSES AS WELL AS = ITS [N B5EFIT1 & ALL ?AT IS DONE 9 ! NAME ( ! MON>*2 9 A REPUBLIC ! SAME BUREAUCRACY WILL DO EXACTLY ! SAME1 BUT--9 ! NAME ( ! WILL ( ! PEOPLE4 ,BUT ! PEOPLE WILL SC>CELY FEEL ANY BETT] IF ! /ICK ) :I* !Y >E BE+ BELABOR$ IS CALL$ ! ,PEOPLE'S ,/ICK4 

,NO ,/ATE ,CAN ,SATISFY ! ,ASPIRATIONS ( ! ,PEOPLE4 ,NO ,/ATE1 DEMOCRATIC ?\< IT MAY BE 9 =M--& NOT EV5 ! R$DE/ POLITICAL REPUBLIC1 :I* IS A PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC 9 ! SAME S5SE 9 :I* ?IS FALSEHOOD IS KN[N BY ! NAME ( POPUL> REPRES5TATION--CAN GIVE ! PEOPLE :AT !Y NE$1 ?AT IS1 ! FREE ORGANIZATION ( !IR [N 9T]E/S1 FROM ! BOTTOM UPW>D1 ) NO 9T]F]5CE1 TUTELAGE1 OR VIOL5CE FROM ABOVE1 BECAUSE EV]Y ,/ATE1 EV5 ! MO/ ,REPUBLICAN & ! MO/ DEMOCRATIC ,/ATE--EV5 ! W\LD-BE POPUL> ,/ATE CONCEIV$ BY ,M4 ,M>X-->E 9 !IR ESS5CE ONLY MA*9ES GOV]N+ ! MASSES FROM ABOVE1 ?R\< AN 9TELLIG5T & !RE=E A PRIVILEG$ M9ORITY1 ALLEG$LY KN[+ ! G5U9E 9T]E/S ( ! PEOPLE BETT] ?AN ! PEOPLE !MSELVES4 

,9H]5T ,ANTAGONISM ,T[>D ,PEOPLE ,LEADS TO ,VIOL5CE4 

,?US1 NOT BE+ ABLE TO SATISFY ! DEM&S ( ! PEOPLE OR TO ALLAY POPUL> PASSION1 ! PROP]TI$ & RUL+ CLASSES HAVE ONLY ONE MEANS AT !IR DISPOSAL3 ,/ATE VIOL5CE1 9 A WORD1 ! ,/ATE1 BECAUSE ! ,/ATE D5OTES VIOL5CE1 RULE BY DISGUIS$1 OR IF NECESS>Y OP5 & UNC]EMONI\S1 VIOL5CE4 

,! ,/ATE1 ANY ,/ATE--EV5 :5 IT IS DRESS$ UP 9 ! MO/ LIB]AL & DEMOCRATIC =M--IS NECESS>ILY BAS$ UPON DOM9ATION1 & UPON VIOL5CE1 ?AT IS1 UPON DESPOTISM A CONCEAL$ BUT NO LESS DANG]\S DESPOTISM4 

,SPECIAL ,FUND ,DRIVE = ,FRANCO ,EXILES 

,A SPECIAL FUND DRIVE = @s#a#g1 TO RELOCATE #adi ,SPANI% SOLDI]S :O FL$ FROM ,FRANCO'S >MY 9 ,IFNI1 ,NOR? ,AFRICA1 IS BE+ CONDUCT$ BY ,SPANI% ,REFUGEE ,AID1 ,9C41 #h ,EA/ #a#a? ,/REET1 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY #c4 

,! SOLDI]S :O LEFT ! ,FRANCO =CES 9 ,SPANI% ,MOROCCO1 :I* NATIONALI/ =CES >E SEEK+ TO FREE FROM ,SPANI% RULE1 HAVE BE5 JAIL$ 9 ,CASABLANCA4 ,!Y WILL BE FRE$ :5 FUNDS >E AVAILABLE TO CLO! !M & PAY !IR TRANSPORTATION TO C\NTRIES WILL+ TO ACCEPT !M AS POLITICAL EXILES UND] ! ,G5EVA ,CONV5TION4 

0,!IR RELEASE IS ! RESULT ( MANY MON?S ( WORK ON ! P>T ( ! ,SOLID>ITE ,9T]NATIONAL ,ANTIFASCI/E1 A ,SPANI% ,REPUBLICAN REFUGEE COMMITTEE 9 ,T\L\SE1 ,FRANCE1 ALONG ) ! (FICE ( ! ,UNIT$ ,NATIONS ,HI< ,COMMISSION] = ,REFUGEES & ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,R$ ,CROSS10 ACCORD+ TO ,MRS4 ,NANCY ,MAC,DONALD1 EXECUTIVE SECRET>Y ( ,SPANI% ,REFUGEE ,AID4 

,MOROCCO HAS AGRE$ TO FREE ! =M] ,FRANCO SOLDI]S1 N[ FAC+ !IR SECOND ,*RI/MAS 9 JAIL1 IF !Y CAN F9D O!R C\NTRIES TO ACCEPT !M4 ,BELGIUM & SOME ,LAT9 ,AM]ICAN C\NTRIES HAVE AGRE$ TO TAKE P>T ( !M1 ,MOROCCO ITSELF WILL KEEP A FEW SKILL$ WORK]S4 

0,BUT !Y WILL NOT BE FREE UNTIL ! FUNDS >E RAIS$10 ,MRS4 ,MAC,DONALD W>NS4 

,TO BE OR NOT TO BE8--?AT IS ! QUE/ION444 

,!RE APPE>$ 9 ! ,N4,Y4 ,TIMES ( ,NOV4 #a#e1 #a#i#e#g1 A FULL PAGE /ATEM5T BY 0,! ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE = A ,SANE ,NUCLE> ,POLICY10 SIGN$ BY M5 :OSE TITLES1 BY WAY ( ID5TIFICATION1 >E IMPRESSIVE4 ,DR4 ,]I* ,FROMM1 ,NORMAN ,?OMAS1 ,LEWIS ,MUM=D1 ,DR4 ,PITIRIM ,A4 ,SOROK91 ,! ,REV4 ,DONALD ,H>R+TON1 >E BUT A FEW ( ! SIGN]S4 ,IT IS V]Y HE>T5+ TO HE> M5 SPEAK \T TO FELL[ M5 AB\T MATT]S ( GREAT IMPORT4 ,IT SEEMS ! CL\D ( FE> :I* 5VELOP$ ! SPIRIT ( ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE DUR+ ! ,MC,C>?Y P]IOD1 :5 EV5 M5 ( /ATURE W]E HESITANT TO TAKE UP SOCIAL PROBLEMS BECAUSE !Y MI<T BE L9K$ ) ! COMMUNI/S1 HAS BE5 SOME:AT DISP]S$4 ,!RE IS A REALIZATION ?AT ! SECRECY & WIT*-HUNTS 9/ITUT$ BY POLITICIANS 9 ! V>I\S GOV]NM5TAL AG5CIES = NEF>I\S POLICIES 9 ! NAME ( 0SECURITY0 HAVE NO?+ REALLY TO DO ) ! SAFETY ( ! ,AM]ICAN PEOPLE OR HUMAN BE+S ELSE:]E4 

,!RE IS A GR[+ AW>5ESS ?AT GOV]NM5T & NATION >E NOT SYNONYM\S ) ! PEOPLE 9 ! GIV5 T]RITORY4 ,!RE EXI/S A NATURAL CLEAVAGE ( W>F>E4 ,?IS W>F>E ( C\RSE IS MORE DRAMATIZ$ :]E ! GOV]NM5T 9FR+ES MO/ ON ! NATURAL RI<TS ( MAN4 ,IT IS CONT9U$ ON AN 9T]NATIONAL SCALE AMONG ! V>I\S NATION /ATES4 ,! ,LIB]T>IANS HAVE ALWAYS PO9T$ ?IS \T4 ,! ,MY/ICAL CONCEPT ( ,/ATE1 ,GOV]NM5T1 ,NATIONS1 IS JU/ A COV]ALL = A PYRAMIDAL ORGANIZATION ( SOCIETY ) ! CONC5TRATION ( P[] 9 A S+LE 9/ITUTION1 P>ASITICAL ON ! CREATIVE ORGANS ( SOCIETY4 ,LIB]T>IANS HAVE ALWAYS MA9TA9$ ?AT MAN'S FIR/ LOYALTY IS TO HIMSELF & TO HIS FELL[ MAN4 ,) PLEASURE1 WE !RE=E QUOTE FROM ! /ATEM5T ! FOLL[+ EXC]PTS3 

0,WE >E FAC+ A DANG] UNLIKE ANY DANG] ?AT HAS EV] EXI/$4 ,9 \R POSSESSION & 9 ! POSSESSION ( ! ,RUSSIANS >E MORE ?AN 5\< NUCLE> EXPLOSIVES TO PUT AN 5D TO ! LIFE ( MAN ON E>?444 ,! SOV]EIGNTY ( ! HUMAN COMMUNITY COMES BE=E ALL O!RS1 BE=E ! SOV]EIGNTY ( GR\PS1 TRIBES OR NATIONS444 ,MAN HAS NATURAL RI<TS4 ,HE HAS ! RI<T TO LIVE & TO GR[ & TO BREA! UNPOISON$ AIR1444 ,IF :AT ! NATIONS >E DO+ HAS ! EFFECT ( DE/ROY+ !SE NATURAL RI<TS444 !N IT BECOMES NECESS>Y = ! PEOPLE TO RE/RA9 & TAME ! NATIONS444 !RE CAN BE NO SECURITY = ,AM]ICA UNLESS WE CAN E/ABLI% & KEEP VITAL CONNECTIONS ) ! WORLD'S PEOPLE1 UNLESS !RE IS SOME MORAL GR&EUR TO \R PURPOSES1 UNLESS :AT WE DO IS DIRECT$ TO ! CAUSE ( HUMAN LIFE & ! FREE MAN40 

,FROM SU* A DEEP UND]/&+ ( ! SOCIAL PROBLEM AS !SE FEW EXC]PTS 9DICATE1 ! 9ITIAL REM$IAL /EPS %\LD BE 9 ! SAME D>+ DIRECTION4 ,AL?\< ! SIGN]S ( ! /ATEM5T REALIZE ?AT ! PROBLEM ( NUCLE> WEAPONS & TE/+ IS TI$ TO ! :OLE PROBLEM ( W>1 !Y ASK SUPPORT = A DEM& ?AT ! ,UNIT$ ,NATIONS BE GIV51 0444,AU?ORITY UND] LAW TO PREV5T AGGRESSION1 ADEQUATE AU?ORITY TO COMPEL & 5=CE DIS>MAM5T1 ADEQUATE AU?ORITY TO SETTLE DISPUTES AMONG NATIONS ACCORD+ TO ! PR9CIPLES ( JU/ICE40 

,!SE NATION /ATES1 :O1 BY ADMISSION 9 ! FIR/ P>T ( ! /ATEM5T1 >E D]ELICT 9 ! PROTECTION ( ! PEOPLE TO ! EXT5T ?AT !Y POISON ! V]Y AIR WE BREA!1 WILL NOT SUDD5LY1 ?R\< !IR REPRES5TATIVES 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,NATIONS1 TURN HUMANIT>IAN4 ,WILL !SE /ATES1 SO JEAL\S ( !IR P[]1 SUBMIT NOT ONLY TO CESSATION ( NUCLE> TE/+ BUT LAT] TO A L>G] >MAM5TS CONTROL8 ,! ELEPHANT GIVES BIR? TO A M\SE4 ,SO GREAT IS ! DISP>ITY BETWE5 ! S5TIM5T EXPRESS$ & ! SOLUTION (F]$4 ,A GREAT SOCIAL CRISIS CAN BE ONLY MET BY A GREAT] SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,! M$IC9E MU/ FIT ! SICKNESS4 ,! LIB]T>IAN CONCEPTS EXPRESS$ 9 ! FIR/ P>T ( ! /ATEM5T DEM& A LIB]T>IAN SOLUTION4 ,A /ATELESS & A CLASSLESS SOCIETY IS ! ULTIMATE SOLUTION4 ,! IMM$IATE1 PRACTICAL ?+S ?AT CAN BE DONE W]E DEMON/RAT$ BY ! DECL>ATION ( ! ?IRTY ,G]MAN SCI5TI/S :O REFUS$ TO P>TICIPATE 9 ANY ACTIVITY :I* 9VOLV$ ! HYDROG5 OR ATOM BOMBS & SIMIL> WEAPONS4 ,!Y W5T ON /RIKE4 ,IF ! WORK]S & SCI5TI/S ( ! WORLD WILL ORGANIZE AN 9T]NATIONAL G5]AL /RIKE AGA9/ W>1 MANK9D WILL BE SAV$4 ,!RE IS NO O!R WAY4 

 "9 "9 "9 

0444,! /ATE WILL SELL Y\ \T1 BL[ Y\ UP1 KNOCK Y\ D[N1 BLUDGEON1 %OOT1 /AB1 HANG--9 %ORT1 ABOLI% Y\1 IF Y\ LIFT A H& AGA9/ IT4440 

--,G4 ,B]N>D ,%AW 7,ESSAY ON ,AN>*ISM7 

,<ANA--,BIR? ( A ,/ATE 

,DR4 ,DAVID ,APT]1 ( ! ,UNIV]SITY ( ,*ICAGO1 IS A SPECIALI/ 9 ,AFRICAN AFFAIRS4 ,HE HAS CLOSELY /UDI$ ! POLITICAL LIFE ( ,<ANA & ,UG&A4 ,HE REVISIT$ ,<ANA ?IS ,SUMM] & HAS WRITT5 AN >TICLE1 0,:AT'S ,HAPP5+ 9 ,<ANA10 :I* APPE>S 9 ! ,NOV4 #aieg ISSUE ( ,A,F,R,I,C,A--,S,P,E,C,I,A,L ,R,E,P,O,R,T4 

,! >TICLE IS IMPORTANT NOT ONLY BECAUSE IT %[S :AT HAPP5S :5 A DEP5D5T COLONY BECOMES AN 9DEP5D5T ,/ATE1 BUT ALSO BECAUSE 9 ! PROCESS ( ]ECT+ ! NEW REGIME WE ACTUALLY SEE ! ,/ATE BE+ BUILT1 & WE GET A BETT] 9SI<T 9TO ITS TRUE NATURE & FUNCTION4 

,!RE >E TWO OPPOS+ CONCEPTIONS ( 09DEP5D5CE40 ,! PEOPLE SUPPORT ! 9DEP5D5CE MOVEM5T BECAUSE !Y DO NOT WANT TO BE EXPLOIT$4 ,!Y WANT FRE$OM TO LEAD !IR [N LIVES4 ,!Y DEM& AUTONOMY1 ! RI<T TO =M !IR [N ORGANIZATIONS1 FOLL[ !IR [N CU/OMS1 CREATE !IR [N CULTURE1 FREELY F$]ATE & MAKE !IR [N >RANGEM5TS ) O!R PEOPLE = !IR MUTUAL B5EFIT4 ,!Y HATE COLONIAL GOV]NM5T BECAUSE IT PROHIBIT$ OR CURTAIL$ !IR RI<TS & LIB]TIES4 ,! PEOPLE ?\<T ?AT ,NATIONAL 9DEP5D5CE MEANT LOCAL & 9DIVIDUAL AUTONOMY4 ,9 ?IS !Y W]E MI/AK54 ,!Y F\ND !MSELVES BE+ ORD]$ >\ND BY A NEW BOSS1 :O1 TO A GREAT] OR LESS DEGREE1 BEHAV$ LIKE ! OLD ONE4 

,BEHOLD6 ,A NEW ,/ATE IS BE+ BUILT6 ,! P[] ( =EIGN COLONIAL RUL]S IS N[ WIELD$ BY ! NEW NATIVE GOV]NM5T4 ,! NEW GOV]NM5T MAKES & 5=CES ! LAW ( ! L&44 ,IT CREATES ! MA*9]Y ( DOM9ATION4 ,IT ORGANIZES ! >MY1 POLICE1 JAILS1 JUDGES1 C\RTS1 S*OOLS1 RADIO /ATIONS4 ,IT APPO9TS SW>MS ( (FICIALS :O POKE !IR LONG NOSES 9TO EV]YBODY'S BUS9ESS1 REGULATE EV]Y?+1 & EXACT ! TRIBUTE 7TAXES7 :I* SUPPORTS ! P>ASITIC ,/ATE APP>ATUS4 

,TO ! NATIVE GOV]N+ CLASS1 9DEP5D5CE MEANT ! RI<T TO ABOLI% ! NATURAL SOCIAL1 CULTURAL & COMMUNAL 9/ITUTIONS ?AT W]E DEVELOP$ BY ! PEOPLE1 & IMPOSE FROM ABOVE1 BY =CE1 AN >TIFICIAL S*EME ( LIFE1 :I* NULLIFIES OR DI/ORTS !IR NATURAL DEVELOPM5T & P>ALYZES !IR CREATIVE CAPACITIES4 ,! NEW RUL]S SECRETLY ADMIR$ ! COLONIAL GOV]NORS & ADM9I/RATORS4 ,!Y 5VI$ ! EASY1 LUXURI\S LIFE ( !IR MA/]S1 !IR P[]1 !IR PRE/IGE4 ,!Y W]E $UCAT$ 9 !IR S*OOLS1 & S]V$ !IR APPR5TICE%IP AS ASSI/ANTS TO ! =EIGN RUL]S4 ,!Y SOAK$ UP ! TEA*+S ( !IR MA/]S LIKE A SPONGE ABSORBS WAT]4 ,!Y W]E 9DOCTR9AT$ & ?OR\<LY CORRUPT$ BE=E !Y TOOK (FICE4 ,?OSE :O W]E HONE/ & IDEALI/IC & HAD NO PREVI\S CONNECTION ) ! OLD RUL]S C\LD DO ONE ( TWO ?+S3 IF !Y P>TICIPATE 9 ! NEW GOV]NM5T1 !Y WILL BE CORRUPT$ BY ! EX]CISE ( ?AT P[]4 ,IF !Y >E ABLE TO )/& ! TEMPTATIONS ( P[]1 IF !Y REFUSE TO PRO/ITUTE !IR 9TEGRITY1 !Y WILL RESIGN & REJO9 ! RANKS ( ! REVOLUTION>Y OPPOSITION4 

,! FOLL[+ QUOTATIONS FROM ,DR4 ,APT]'S >TICLE ILLU/RATE ! PO9TS MADE ABOVE3 

0,!RE HAVE BE5 DI/URB+ REPORTS 9 ! PRESS AB\T ! DEPORTATION ( ,BANKOLE ,TIMO?Y1 ! BIOGRAPH] ( ,NKRUMAH1 & TWO IMPORTANT MEMB]S ( ! ,MUSLIM ,ASSOCIATION ,P>TY444 ! ,M9I/] ( ! ,9T]IOR HAS 9DICAT$ CRITICISM WILL NOT BE TOL]AT$444 ,A GREAT MANY PEOPLE 9 ,<ANA >E SAY+1 0,I TOLD Y\ SO1 ?AT ,NKRUMAH WAS BASICALLY A DICTATOR404441 ! (FICIAL ORGAN ( ,NKRUMAH'S ,CONV5TION ,PEOPLE'S ,P>TY HAS SAID ?AT :AT ,<ANA REQUIRES IS B5EVOL5T DICTATOR%IP444 HE 7,NKRUMAH7 WANTS TO USE ,<ANA AS A S\RCE ( P[]1 A K9D ( PRIVATE RES]VE1 = HIS C>E] AS PAN-,AFRICAN LEAD]444 ,P>TLY BECAUSE ,NKRUMAH HAS CUT HIMSELF (F FROM HIS P>TY RANK & FILE & HIS S\RCES ( CLOSE CONTACT & COMMUNICATION ) ! PEOPLE1 HE FAILS TO REALIZE ! *ANGE 9 ! PUBLIC IMAGE ( HIMSELF4 ,IF HE DID REALIZE ?IS IT IS D\BTFUL :E!R HE W\LD PO/URE AS HE DOES OR CONT9UE ) SU* PROGRAMS AS PUTT+ HIS HEAD ON ,<ANA CO9S & HIS /ATUE 9 ,ACCRA4 7,NKRUMAH'S ,CONV5TION ,PEOPLES ,P>TY HAS NOT ONLY LO/ T\* ) ! PUBLIC1 BUT HAS BEGUN TO TREAT ! PUBLIC AS AN OB/ACLE444 ,C4,P4,P4 IS GRADUALLY *ANG+ FROM AN ORGANIZATION ( Y\NG1 DEVOT$ PEOPLE TO A MORE MIDDLE-AG$1 MORE CYNICAL & DISILLUSION$ GR\P2 DISILLUSION$ ) ! CONSEQU5CES ( 9DEP5D5CE & VICTORY1 & CYNICAL BECAUSE !Y SEE H[ SOME PEOPLE GET AHEAD 9 ! P>TY & H[ SOME PEOPLE DON'T444 ! LIFE ( ! P>TY IS N[ GOV]NM5T1 & GOV]NM5T H&\TS1 & ! P>TY FOLL[]S >E ON ! POLITICAL DOLE OR TRY+ TO GET ON IT40 

,DR4 ,APT] IS SURE ?AT IF ! ,NKRUMAH GOV]NM5T HELD AN ELECTION IT W\LD BE DEFEAT$4 ,AN OPPOSITION P>TY CONSI/+ ( ALMO/ ALL ! IMPORTANT LIB]ATION MOVEM5TS HAS BE5 ORGANIZ$4 ,DR4 ,APT] DECL>ES ?AT3 

0,! M]G] DEVELOP$ :5 IT APPE>$ ! GOV]NM5T WAS PLANN+ TO BAN P>TIES ORGANIZ$ ALONG TRIBAL1 REGIONAL OR RELIGI\S L9ES4 ,AT ITS ,OCTOB] CONV5TION ! P>TY ISSU$ A #a#b-PO9T MANIFE/O1 CALL+ = ! PRES]VATION ( FUNDAM5TAL RI<TS1 ! PRES]VATION ( ! 9/ITUTION ( *IEFTANCY1 & ! RI<TS ( ! PEOPLE TO !IR L&S1 ) *IEFS PLAY+ A DEMOCRATIC ROLE 9 ,<ANA'S DEVELOPM5T1 ! BUILD+ ( DEMOCRACY ON ! F\NDATIONS ( ,<ANA'S TRADITIONS & CULTURE40 

,FUNDAM5TALLY1 ?IS IS ! PATT]N ( EV5TS FOLL[$ 9 ! SO-CALL$ LIB]AT$ COLONIES4 ,! IMPOSITION ( AN \TSIDE 9/ITUTION UPON ! NATIVE CULTURE & SOCIETY4 ,IT OCCURR$ 9 ! PA/ & WILL CONT9UE TO OCCUR4 ,SU* IS ! NATURE ( ! ,/ATE4 ,IT IS A P>ASITIC ORGANISM ?AT FE$S ON ALL ?AT IS VITAL & CREATIVE 9 HUMAN LIFE4 

,M,A,D ,/RIKES ,AGA9 

,! FOLL[+ IS REPR9T$ FROM ! ,DECEMB]1 #aieg ISSUE1 ( ,! ,9,D,E,P,5,D,5,T4 

0,MAD' IS A BIMON?LY HUMOR MAGAZ9E DEVOT$ TO LAMPOON+ ! ?+S :I* NE$ LAMPOON+ 9 \R CULTURE4 ,IT IS CURR5TLY ! NUMB] ONE SUCCESS /ORY ON ! NATION'S NEWS/&S1 = :ILE 0,T,V ,GUIDE10 0,CONFID5TIAL10 0,PLAYBOY10 & ! O!R MAGAZ9ES HAVE BE5 DECL9+ 9 NEWS/& SALES1 0,MAD0 IS NE>+ ! MILLION M>K4 

,9 ! ,JANU>Y '#e#h ISSUE ( 0,MAD0 IS A F\R-PAGE FEATURE MAK+ FUN ( \R GAME PLAY+ HABITS SU* AS 0,MONOPOLY10 ETC4 0,SEEMS TO US10 SAID 0,MAD10 0?AT 9 ?IS ]A ( REALISM1 PEOPLE \<T TO BE PLAY+ REALI/IC GAMES4440 

,?REE GAMES >E (F]$4 0,MAKE-,\T0 7BOY *ASES GIRL72 0,ALIMONY0 7PLAY] :O REA*ES ,R5O FIR/ W9S71 & 0,DRAFT ,DODG]40 

,TWO PAGES >E DEVOT$ TO 0,DRAFT ,DODG]0 & ! OBJECT ( ! GAME IS 0TO SEE :O CAN /AY \T ( ! >MY40 ,BY ROLL+ ! DICE & MOV+ TO ! LUCKY SQU>ES ON ! GAME BO>D Y\ L& 0SAFE AT HOME0 & Y\ >E 0A FULL-FL$G$ DRAFT DODG]40 ,SAID ! DIRECTIONS3 

0,= MEMB]%IP C>DS1 S5D NAME & ADDRESS TO ,J4 ,$G> ,HOOV]1 ,WA%+TON1 ,D4,C40 

,?IS MON?1 ,J4 ,$G> ,HOOV] WAS MAD AT 0,MAD40 ,HIS (FICE WAS BE+ 9UNDAT$ ) C>DS FROM TE5-AG]S & O!RS ASK+ = MEMB]%IP C>DS AS DRAFT DODG]S4 

,HOOV] WROTE TO ! ,AG5T ,9 ,*>GE ( ! ,F$]AL ,BUREAU ( ,9VE/IGATION (FICE 9 ,NEW ,YORK ,CITY4 0,?IS IS A DI/A/EFUL MISUSE ( MY NAME10 HE DECL>$4 0,?IS %\LD NOT HAPP5 AGA940 ,F4,B4,I4 AG5T ,J4 ,RAYMOND ,KOPP WAS PROMPTLY DISPAT*$ TO ! 0,MAD0 (FICES :]E HE ATTEMPT$ TO P]SUADE 0,MAD0 $ITORS NOT TO DO IT AGA91 AFT] %[+ HIS COMMISSION BOOK 7ID5TIFICATION74 

,! 0,MAD0 $ITOR AGRE$1 NOT RECALL+ ?AT ! NEXT ISSUE--ALREADY ROLL+ FROM ! PRESSES--CONTA9S A FAK$ LETT] ?AT SAYS3 0,?ANKS1 FELL[S1 = ALL ?OSE C>DS4 ,MY BOYS >E ON !IR WAY40 ,IT'S SIGN$3 ,J4 ,$G> ,HOOV]4 

7,MEAN:ILE1 ,JOHN ,$G> %[$ NO QUALMS :ATEV] OV] ! APPE>ANCE ( HIS SPEE*ES 9 0,AM]ICAN ,M]CURY40 ,! 0,M]CURY0 IS [N$ BY OILMAN ,RUSSELL ,MAGUIRE :OSE ANTI-,NEGRO1 ANTI-,JEWI% S5TIM5TS >E SO /RONG ?AT ! MAGAZ9E'S 5TIRE /AFF RESIGN$ FOLL[+ PUBLICATION ( AN EXPOSURE ( ,MAGUIRE 9 ISSUE ,NUMB] #ad ( 0,! ,9DEP5D5T4074 

,FRE$OM & ,M>XISM 

,ONE ( \R CRITICISMS ( ,M>XIAN !OLOGY 7!Y CALL IT 0SCI5TIFIC SOCIALISM071 IS ! DOGMA ?AT 0444! F9AL CAUSE ( ALL SOCIAL *ANGES & POLITICAL REVOLUTIONS >E TO BE S\<T1 NOT 9 MAN'S BRA9S1 NOT 9 MAN'S BETT] 9SI<T 9TO ET]NAL TRU? & JU/ICE1 BUT 9 ! *ANGES 9 ! MODE ( PRODUCTION & EX*ANGE40 7,FR$]ICK ,5GELS 9 ,S,O,C,I,A,L,I,S,M ,U,T,O,P,I,A,N ,& ,S,C,I,5,T,I,F,I,C7 

,MAN'S M9D1 HIS WILL1 HIS IDEAS & IDEALS >E M9OR FACTORS 9 SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,:AT HE IS & WILL BE1 ! K9D ( WORLD HE WILL LIVE 91 IS DET]M9$ BY 0! MODE ( PRODUCTION & EX*ANGE10 ,! ECONOMIC ,GOD ( ! ,M>XI/ RELIGION4 ,! MEANS ( PRODUCTION IS SUBJECT TO ! WILL ( MAN & CAN BE MANIPULAT$ = GOOD OR BAD PURPOSES4 ,9 ,RUSSIA & O!R C\NTRIES ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION IS DET]M9$ BY ! POLITICAL ,/ATE4 ,! FEEL+ ( MUTUAL AID & SOLID>ITY1 ! WILL TO FRE$OM1 HUMANI/IC IDEALS1 >E DISMISS$ AS 0UTOPIAN ILLUSIONS40 0,FRE$OM IS A B\RGEOIS VIRTUE10 SNE]$ ,L594 

,! ,M>XI/S HAVE POPUL>IZ$ A DI/ORT$ CONCEPTION ( SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,! ECONOMIC FACTOR IS TREM5D\SLY IMPORTANT1 BUT IT HAS BE5 GROSSLY EXAGG]AT$4 ,! ,M>XI/S NEV] UND]/OOD ?AT !SE 0UTOPIAN ILLUSIONS0 PROVIDE ! 9C5TIVE = SOCIAL *ANGE4 ,)\T !SE DRIVES PROGRESS IS IMPOSSIBLE4 ,! NATURE ( EV]Y MOVEM5T IS %AP$ BY ! E?ICAL CONCEPTIONS ( ! PEOPLE :O BELONG TO IT4 ,! IMPORTANCE ( !SE FACTORS IS BE+ UND]/OOD1 NOT ONLY BY MORE & MORE PEOPLE 9 & \T ( ! ,M>XI/ ORGANIZATIONS1 BUT ALSO )9 ! ,RUSSIAN ABSOLUTI/ EMPIRE4 ,AN ADVANC$ ECONOMIC & TE*NOLOGICAL SY/EM CAN EXI/ )9 A MOD]NIZ$ =M ( S]FDOM4 ,! ,PYRAMIDS W]E BUILT BY SLAVES4 ,! MAN :O LIVES 9 AN UP-TO-DATE1 AIR-CONDITION$ PRISON /ILL YE>NS = FRE$OM4 

,! LIB]T>IAN BOOK%ELF 

,! FOLL[+ BOOKS & PAMPHLETS >E AVAILABLE ?R\< ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,LEAGUE4 ,PRICES >E HELD AS L[ AS POSSIBLE4 ,WE PAY PO/AGE ON ALL ORD]S4 ,MAKE *ECKS OR MONEY ORD]S PAYABLE TO ,S4 ,W,E,9,]4 ,ADDRESS ALL ORD]S TO3 

,LIB]T>IAN ,LEAGUE ,P4,O4 ,BOX #b#f#a1 ,NEW ,YORK #c1 ,N4,Y4 

,T,I,T,L,E ,& ,A,U,?,O,R1 ,P,R,I,C,E 

,B,O,O,K,S 

,M,U,T,U,A,L ,A,I,D BY ,PET] ,KROPOTK9 @s#b4 

,C,O,N,/,R,U,C,T,I,V,E ,A,N,>,*,I,S,M BY ,P4,G4 ,MAXIM(F #a4#f 

,! ,G,U,I,L,L,O,T,9,E ,A,T ,W,O,R,K BY ,P4,G4 ,MAXIM(F #b4 

,A,N,>,*,O-,S,Y,N,D,I,C,A,L,I,S,M BY ,RUDOLPH ,ROCK] #a4 

,N,9,E,T,E,5-,S,E,V,5,T,E,5 & ,! ,U,N,K,N,[,N ,R,E,V,O,L,U,T,I,O,N BY ,VOL9E 7TWO VOLUMES7 P] VOLUME #c4#e 

,L,E,S,S,O,N,S ,( ,! ,S,P,A,N,I,% ,R,E,V,O,L,U,T,I,O,N BY ,V4 ,RI*>DS 4#g#e 

,! ,I,W,W--,I,T,S ,F,I,R,/ ,F,I,F,T,Y ,Y,E,>,S BY ,F]D ,W4 ,?OMPSON 7PAP] COV]7 #b4 

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0,AS TO ,SOCIALI/S 9 ,P>LIAM5T1 !RE >E TWO WORDS AB\T ?AT4 ,IF !Y GO !RE TO TAKE A P>T 9 C>RY+ ON ,CON/ITUTIONALISM BY PALLIAT+ ! EVILS ( ! PRES5T SY/EM1 & SO HELP+ \R RUL]S TO BE> !IR BURD5 ( ,GOV]NM5T1 ,I1 = ONE1 SO F> AS !IR ACTION !RE9 GOES1 CANNOT CALL !M SOCIALI/S AT ALL4 ,BUT1 IF !Y GO !RE ) ! 9T5TION ( DO+ :AT !Y CAN T[>DS ! DISRUPTION ( ,P>LIAM5T1 ?AT IS A MATT] ( TACTICS = ! TIME BE+2 BUT EV5 H]E ,I CANNOT HELP SEE+ ! DANG] ( !IR BE+ S$UC$ FROM !IR TRUE ]R&1 & FE> !Y MI<T BECOME444 SIMPLY SUPPORT]S ( ! V]Y ?+ !Y SET \T TO UNDO40 

--,WILLIAM ,MORRIS 9 ,S,I,G,N,S ,( ,*,A,N,G,E 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #aieg 3 ,VIEWS @& ,COMM5TS #bf -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,APRIL #b#d1 #bb 3 ,VIEWS @& ,COMM5TS #bf -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #d1 #bbb 3 ,VIEWS @& ,COMM5TS #bf -- ,UPDAT$4 

 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3  
HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/