,BOOK #a1 ,*APT] #bh 

#ahfiahfi 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TEXT 3 

,MANY HI/ORIANS SAY ?AT ! ,FR5* DID NOT W9 ! BATTLE ( ,BOROD9O 
 BECAUSE ,NAPOLEON HAD A COLD1 & ?AT IF HE HAD NOT HAD A COLD ! ORD]S 
 HE GAVE BE=E & DUR+ ! BATTLE W\LD HAVE BE5 /ILL MORE FULL ( 
 G5IUS & ,RUSSIA W\LD HAVE BE5 LO/ & ! FACE ( ! WORLD HAVE BE5 
 *ANG$4 ,TO HI/ORIANS :O BELIEVE ?AT ,RUSSIA WAS %AP$ BY ! WILL ( 
 ONE MAN--,PET] ! ,GREAT--& ?AT ,FRANCE FROM A REPUBLIC BECAME 
 AN EMPIRE & ,FR5* >MIES W5T TO ,RUSSIA AT ! WILL ( ONE MAN--,NAPOLEON--TO 
 SAY ?AT ,RUSSIA REMA9$ A P[] BECAUSE ,NAPOLEON HAD A BAD COLD ON ! 
 TW5TY-F\R? ( ,AUGU/ MAY SEEM LOGICAL & CONV9C+4 

,IF IT HAD DEP5D$ ON ,NAPOLEON'S WILL TO FI<T OR NOT TO FI<T ! BATTLE 
 ( ,BOROD9O1 & IF ?IS OR ?AT O!R >RANGEM5T DEP5D$ ON HIS WILL1 
 !N EVID5TLY A COLD AFFECT+ ! MANIFE/ATION ( HIS WILL MI<T HAVE 
 SAV$ ,RUSSIA1 & CONSEQU5TLY ! VALET :O OMITT$ TO BR+ ,NAPOLEON HIS 
 WAT]PRO( BOOTS ON ! TW5TY-F\R? W\LD HAVE BE5 ! SAVIOR ( 
 ,RUSSIA4 ,ALONG ?AT L9E ( ?\<T SU* A D$UCTION IS 9DUBITABLE1 AS 
 9DUBITABLE AS ! D$UCTION ,VOLTAIRE MADE 9 JE/ 7)\T KN[+ :AT 
 HE WAS JE/+ AT7 :5 HE SAW ?AT ! ,MASSACRE ( ,/4 ,B>?OLOMEW WAS 
 DUE TO ,*>LES ,I,X'S /OMA* BE+ D]ANG$4 ,BUT TO M5 :O DO NOT ADMIT 
 ?AT ,RUSSIA WAS =M$ BY ! WILL ( ONE MAN1 ,PET] ,I1 OR ?AT ! ,FR5* 
 ,EMPIRE WAS =M$ & ! W> ) ,RUSSIA BEGUN BY ! WILL ( ONE MAN1 
 ,NAPOLEON1 ?AT >GUM5T SEEMS NOT M]ELY UNTRUE & IRRATIONAL1 BUT 
 CONTR>Y TO ALL HUMAN REALITY4 ,TO ! QUE/ION ( :AT CAUSES HI/ORIC 
 EV5TS ANO!R ANSW] PRES5TS ITSELF1 NAMELY1 ?AT ! C\RSE ( HUMAN 
 EV5TS IS PR$ET]M9$ FROM ON HI<--DEP5DS ON ! CO9CID5CE ( 
 ! WILLS ( ALL :O TAKE P>T 9 ! EV5TS1 & ?AT A ,NAPOLEON'S 
 9FLU5CE ON ! C\RSE ( !SE EV5TS IS PURELY EXT]NAL & FICTITI\S4 

,/RANGE AS AT FIR/ GLANCE IT MAY SEEM TO SUPPOSE ?AT ! ,MASSACRE ( ,/4 
 ,B>?OLOMEW WAS NOT DUE TO ,*>LES ,I,X'S WILL1 ?\< HE GAVE ! ORD] = 
 IT & ?\<T IT WAS DONE AS A RESULT ( ?AT ORD]2 & /RANGE AS IT 
 MAY SEEM TO SUPPOSE ?AT ! SLAU<T] ( EI<TY ?\S& M5 AT ,BOROD9O 
 WAS NOT DUE TO ,NAPOLEON'S WILL1 ?\< HE ORD]$ ! COMM5CEM5T & 
 CONDUCT ( ! BATTLE & ?\<T IT WAS DONE BECAUSE HE ORD]$ IT2 
 /RANGE AS !SE SUPPOSITIONS APPE>1 YET HUMAN DIGNITY--:I* TELLS 
 ME ?AT EA* ( US IS1 IF NOT MORE AT LEA/ NOT LESS A MAN ?AN ! GREAT 
 ,NAPOLEON--DEM&S ! ACCEPTANCE ( ?AT SOLUTION ( ! QUE/ION1 
 & HI/ORIC 9VE/IGATION ABUNDANTLY CONFIRMS IT4 

,AT ! BATTLE ( ,BOROD9O ,NAPOLEON %OT AT NO ONE & KILL$ NO ONE4 ,?AT 
 WAS ALL DONE BY ! SOLDI]S4 ,!RE=E IT WAS NOT HE :O KILL$ PEOPLE4 

,! ,FR5* SOLDI]S W5T TO KILL & BE KILL$ AT ! BATTLE ( ,BOROD9O 
 NOT BECAUSE ( ,NAPOLEON'S ORD]S BUT BY !IR [N VOLITION4 ,! :OLE >MY--,FR5*1 
 ,ITALIAN1 ,G]MAN1 ,POLI%1 & ,DUT*--HUNGRY1 RAGG$1 & WE>Y ( ! 
 CAMPAIGN1 FELT AT ! SI<T ( AN >MY BLOCK+ !IR ROAD TO ,MOSC[ ?AT 
 ! W9E WAS DRAWN & MU/ BE DRUNK4 ,HAD ,NAPOLEON !N =BIDD5 !M TO 
 FI<T ! ,RUSSIANS1 !Y W\LD HAVE KILL$ HIM & HAVE PROCE$$ TO FI<T 
 ! ,RUSSIANS BECAUSE IT WAS 9EVITABLE4 

,:5 !Y HE>D ,NAPOLEON'S PROCLAMATION (F]+ !M1 AS COMP5SATION = 
 MUTILATION & DEA?1 ! WORDS ( PO/]ITY AB\T !IR HAV+ BE5 9 
 ! BATTLE BE=E ,MOSC[1 !Y CRI$ 0,VIVE L',EMP]EUR60 
 JU/ AS !Y HAD CRI$ 0,VIVE L',EMP]EUR60 AT ! SI<T ( 
 ! PORTRAIT ( ! BOY PI]C+ ! T]RE/RIAL GLOBE ) A TOY /ICK1 & JU/ 
 AS !Y W\LD HAVE CRI$ 0,VIVE L',EMP]EUR60 AT ANY 
 NONS5SE ?AT MI<T BE TOLD !M4 ,!RE WAS NO?+ LEFT = !M TO DO BUT CRY 
 0,VIVE L',EMP]EUR60 & GO TO FI<T1 9 ORD] TO GET FOOD 
 & RE/ AS CONQU]ORS 9 ,MOSC[4 ,SO IT WAS NOT BECAUSE ( ,NAPOLEON'S 
 COMM&S ?AT !Y KILL$ !IR FELL[ M54 

,& IT WAS NOT ,NAPOLEON :O DIRECT$ ! C\RSE ( ! BATTLE1 = NONE ( 
 HIS ORD]S W]E EXECUT$ & DUR+ ! BATTLE HE DID NOT KN[ :AT WAS 
 GO+ ON BE=E HIM4 ,SO ! WAY 9 :I* !SE PEOPLE KILL$ ONE ANO!R 
 WAS NOT DECID$ BY ,NAPOLEON'S WILL BUT OCCURR$ 9DEP5D5TLY ( HIM1 9 
 ACCORD ) ! WILL ( HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( PEOPLE :O TOOK P>T 9 
 ! COMMON ACTION4 ,IT ONLY SEEM$ TO ,NAPOLEON ?AT IT ALL TOOK PLACE BY 
 HIS WILL4 ,& SO ! QUE/ION :E!R HE HAD OR HAD NOT A COLD HAS NO MORE 
 HI/ORIC 9T]E/ ?AN ! COLD ( ! LEA/ ( ! TRANSPORT SOLDI]S4 

,MOREOV]1 ! ASS]TION MADE BY V>I\S WRIT]S ?AT HIS COLD WAS ! 
 CAUSE ( HIS DISPOSITIONS NOT BE+ AS WELL-PLANN$ AS ON =M] 
 OCCASIONS1 & ( HIS ORD]S DUR+ ! BATTLE NOT BE+ AS GOOD AS 
 PREVI\SLY1 IS QUITE BASELESS1 :I* AGA9 %[S ?AT ,NAPOLEON'S COLD ON 
 ! TW5TY-SIX? ( ,AUGU/ WAS UNIMPORTANT4 

,! DISPOSITIONS CIT$ ABOVE >E NOT AT ALL WORSE1 BUT >E EV5 BETT]1 
 ?AN PREVI\S DISPOSITIONS BY :I* HE HAD WON VICTORIES4 ,HIS 
 PSEUDO-ORD]S DUR+ ! BATTLE W]E ALSO NO WORSE ?AN =M]LY1 BUT MU* 
 ! SAME AS USUAL4 ,!SE DISPOSITIONS & ORD]S ONLY SEEM WORSE ?AN 
 PREVI\S ONES BECAUSE ! BATTLE ( ,BOROD9O WAS ! FIR/ ,NAPOLEON DID 
 NOT W94 ,! PR(\NDE/ & MO/ EXCELL5T DISPOSITIONS & ORD]S SEEM 
 V]Y BAD1 & EV]Y LE>N$ MILIT>I/ CRITICIZES !M ) LOOKS ( 
 IMPORTANCE1 :5 !Y RELATE TO A BATTLE ?AT HAS BE5 LO/1 & ! V]Y 
 WOR/ DISPOSITIONS & ORD]S SEEM V]Y GOOD1 & S]I\S PEOPLE FILL 
 :OLE VOLUMES TO DEMON/RATE !IR M]ITS1 :5 !Y RELATE TO A BATTLE 
 ?AT HAS BE5 WON4 

,! DISPOSITIONS DRAWN UP BY ,WEYRO!R = ! BATTLE ( ,AU/]LITZ W]E A 
 MODEL ( P]FECTION = ?AT K9D ( COMPOSITION1 BUT /ILL !Y W]E 
 CRITICIZ$--CRITICIZ$ = !IR V]Y P]FECTION1 = !IR EXCESSIVE 
 M9UT5ESS4 

,NAPOLEON AT ! BATTLE ( ,BOROD9O FULFILL$ HIS (FICE AS REPRES5TATIVE 
 ( AU?ORITY AS WELL AS1 & EV5 BETT] ?AN1 AT O!R BATTLES4 ,HE DID 
 NO?+ H>MFUL TO ! PROGRESS ( ! BATTLE2 HE 9CL9$ TO ! MO/ 
 REASONABLE OP9IONS1 HE MADE NO CONFUSION1 DID NOT CONTRADICT HIMSELF1 DID 
 NOT GET FRI<T5$ OR RUN AWAY FROM ! FIELD ( BATTLE1 BUT ) HIS 
 GREAT TACT & MILIT>Y EXP]I5CE C>RI$ \T HIS ROLE ( APPE>+ TO 
 COMM&1 CALMLY & ) DIGNITY4 

,FROM 3 ,GUT5B]G4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahfh 3 ,BOOK #a1 ,*APT] #bh -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,FEBRU>Y #a#a1 #bag 3 ,BOOK #a1 ,*APT] #bh -- ,ADD$4 

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