,*APT] #af #ahigahig ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY ,TRANSLATOR 3 ,AYLM] ,MAUDE ,TEXT 3 ,H[ 9 >T >E WE TO DECIDE :AT IS GOOD & :AT IS BAD 9 SUBJECT-MATT]8 ,>T1 LIKE SPEE*1 IS A MEANS ( COMMUNICATION1 & !RE=E ( PROGRESS1 I4E4 ( ! MOVEM5T ( HUMANITY =W>D T[>DS P]FECTION4 ,SPEE* R5D]S ACCESSIBLE TO M5 ( ! LATE/ G5]ATIONS ALL ! KN[L$GE DISCOV]$ BY ! EXP]I5CE & REFLECTION1 BO? ( PREC$+ G5]ATIONS & ( ! BE/ & =EMO/ M5 ( !IR [N TIMES2 >T R5D]S ACCESSIBLE TO M5 ( ! LATE/ G5]ATIONS ALL ! FEEL+S EXP]I5C$ BY !IR PR$ECESSORS1 & ?OSE ALSO :I* >E BE+ FELT BY !IR BE/ & =EMO/ CONTEMPOR>IES4 ,& AS ! EVOLUTION ( KN[L$GE PROCE$S BY TRU] & MORE NECESS>Y KN[L$GE DISLODG+ & REPLAC+ :AT IS MI/AK5 & UNNECESS>Y1 SO ! EVOLUTION ( FEEL+ PROCE$S ?R\< >T1--FEEL+S LESS K9D & LESS NE$FUL = ! WELL-BE+ ( MANK9D >E REPLAC$ BY O!RS K9D] & MORE NE$FUL = ?AT 5D4 ,?AT IS ! PURPOSE ( >T4 ,&1 SPEAK+ N[ ( ITS SUBJECT-MATT]1 ! MORE >T FULFILLS ?AT PURPOSE ! BETT] ! >T1 & ! LESS IT FULFILLS IT ! WORSE ! >T4 ,& ! APPRAISEM5T ( FEEL+S 7I4E4 ! ACKN[L$GM5T ( !SE OR ?OSE FEEL+S AS BE+ MORE OR LESS GOOD1 MORE OR LESS NECESS>Y = ! WELL-BE+ ( MANK9D7 IS MADE BY ! RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( ! AGE4 ,9 EV]Y P]IOD ( HI/ORY1 & 9 EV]Y HUMAN SOCIETY1 !RE EXI/S AN UND]/&+ ( ! MEAN+ ( LIFE :I* REPRES5TS ! HILY EXPRESS$ BY SOME ADVANC$ M51 & MORE OR LESS VIVIDLY P]CEIV$ BY ALL ! MEMB]S ( ! SOCIETY4 ,SU* A RELIGI\S P]CEPTION & ITS CORRESPOND+ EXPRESSION EXI/S ALWAYS 9 EV]Y SOCIETY4 ,IF IT APPE>S TO US ?AT 9 \R SOCIETY !RE IS NO RELIGI\S P]CEPTION1 ?IS IS NOT BECAUSE !RE REALLY IS NONE1 BUT ONLY BECAUSE WE DO NOT WANT TO SEE IT4 ,& WE (T5 WI% NOT TO SEE IT BECAUSE IT EXPOSES ! FACT ?AT \R LIFE IS 9CONSI/5T ) ?AT RELIGI\S P]CEPTION4 ,RELIGI\S P]CEPTION 9 A SOCIETY IS LIKE ! DIRECTION ( A FL[+ RIV]4 ,IF ! RIV] FL[S AT ALL1 IT MU/ HAVE A DIRECTION4 ,IF A SOCIETY LIVES1 !RE MU/ BE A RELIGI\S P]CEPTION 9DICAT+ ! DIRECTION 9 :I*1 MORE OR LESS CONSCI\SLY1 ALL ITS MEMB]S T5D4 ,& SO !RE ALWAYS HAS BE51 & !RE IS1 A RELIGI\S P]CEPTION 9 EV]Y SOCIETY4 ,& IT IS BY ! /&>D ( ?IS RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ?AT ! FEEL+S TRANSMITT$ BY >T HAVE ALWAYS BE5 E/IMAT$4 ,ONLY ON ! BASIS ( ?IS RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( !IR AGE HAVE M5 ALWAYS *OS5 FROM ! 5DLESSLY V>I$ SPH]ES ( >T ?AT >T :I* TRANSMITT$ FEEL+S MAK+ RELIGI\S P]CEPTION OP]ATIVE 9 ACTUAL LIFE4 ,& SU* >T HAS ALWAYS BE5 HIT TRANSMITT+ FEEL+S ALREADY \TLIV$1 FL[+ FROM ! ANTIQUAT$ RELIGI\S P]CEPTIONS ( A =M] AGE1 HAS ALWAYS BE5 CONDEMN$ & DESPIS$4 ,ALL ! RE/ ( >T1 TRANSMITT+ ?OSE MO/ DIV]SE FEEL+S BY MEANS ( :I* PEOPLE COMMUNE TOGE!R1 WAS NOT CONDEMN$1 & WAS TOL]AT$1 IF ONLY IT DID NOT TRANSMIT FEEL+S CONTR>Y TO RELIGI\S P]CEPTION4 ,?US1 = 9/ANCE1 AMONG ! ,GREEKS1 >T TRANSMITT+ ! FEEL+ ( BEAUTY1 /R5G?1 & C\RAGE 7,HESIOD1 ,HOM]1 ,PHIDIAS7 WAS *OS51 APPROV$1 & 5C\RAG$2 :ILE >T TRANSMITT+ FEEL+S ( RUDE S5SUALITY1 #a#e#hDESPOND5CY1 & EFFEM9ACY WAS CONDEMN$ & DESPIS$4 ,AMONG ! ,JEWS1 >T TRANSMITT+ FEEL+S ( DEVOTION & SUBMISSION TO ! ,GOD ( ! ,HEBREWS & TO ,HIS WILL 7! EPIC ( ,G5ESIS1 ! PROPHETS1 ! ,PSALMS7 WAS *OS5 & 5C\RAG$1 :ILE >T TRANSMITT+ FEEL+S ( IDOLATRY 7! GOLD5 CALF7 WAS CONDEMN$ & DESPIS$4 ,ALL ! RE/ ( >T--/ORIES1 SONGS1 DANCES1 ORNAM5TATION ( H\SES1 ( UT5SILS1 & ( CLO!S--:I* WAS NOT CONTR>Y TO RELIGI\S P]CEPTION1 WAS NEI!R DI/+UI%$ NOR DISCUSS$4 ,?US1 9 REG>D TO ITS SUBJECT-MATT]1 HAS >T BE5 APPRAIS$ ALWAYS & EV]Y:]E1 & ?US IT %\LD BE APPRAIS$1 = ?IS ATTITUDE T[>DS >T PROCE$S FROM ! FUNDAM5TAL *>ACT]I/ICS ( HUMAN NATURE1 & ?OSE *>ACT]I/ICS DO NOT *ANGE4 ,I KN[ ?AT ACCORD+ TO AN OP9ION CURR5T 9 \R TIMES1 RELIGION IS A SUP]/ITION1 :I* HUMANITY HAS \TGR[N1 & ?AT IT IS !RE=E ASSUM$ ?AT NO SU* ?+ EXI/S AS A RELIGI\S P]CEPTION COMMON TO US ALL BY :I* >T1 9 \R TIME1 CAN BE E/IMAT$4 ,I KN[ ?AT ?IS IS ! OP9ION CURR5T 9 ! PSEUDO-CULTUR$ CIRCLES ( TO-DAY4 ,PEOPLE :O DO NOT ACKN[L$GE ,*RI/IANITY 9 ITS TRUE MEAN+ BECAUSE IT UND]M9ES ALL !IR SOCIAL PRIVILEGES1 & :O1 !RE=E1 9V5T ALL K9DS ( PHILOSOPHIC & AES!TIC !ORIES TO HIDE FROM !MSELVES ! MEAN+LESSNESS & WRONGNESS ( !IR LIVES1 CANNOT ?9K O!RWISE4 ,!SE PEOPLE 9T5TIONALLY1 OR SOMETIMES UN9T5TIONALLY1 CONFUS+ ! CONCEPTION ( A RELIGI\S CULT ) ! CONCEPTION ( RELIGI\S P]CEPTION1 ?9K ?AT BY D5Y+ ! CULT !Y GET RID ( RELIGI\S P]CEPTION4 ,BUT EV5 ! V]Y ATTACKS ON RELIGION1 & ! ATTEMPTS TO E/ABLI% A LIFE-CONCEPTION CONTR>Y TO ! RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( \R TIMES1 MO/ CLE>LY DEMON/RATE ! EXI/5CE ( A RELIGI\S P]CEPTION CONDEMN+ ! LIVES ?AT >E NOT 9 H>MONY ) IT4 ,IF HUMANITY PROGRESSES1 I4E4 MOVES =W>D1 !RE MU/ 9EVITABLY BE A GUIDE TO ! DIRECTION ( ?AT MOVEM5T4 #a#e#i,& RELIGIONS HAVE ALWAYS FURNI%$ ?AT GUIDE4 ,ALL HI/ORY %[S ?AT ! PROGRESS ( HUMANITY IS ACCOMPLI%$ NOT O!RWISE ?AN UND] ! GUIDANCE ( RELIGION4 ,BUT IF ! RACE CANNOT PROGRESS )\T ! GUIDANCE ( RELIGION1--& PROGRESS IS ALWAYS GO+ ON1 & CONSEQU5TLY ALSO 9 \R [N TIMES1--!N !RE MU/ BE A RELIGION ( \R TIMES4 ,SO ?AT1 :E!R IT PLEASES OR DISPLEASES ! SO-CALL$ CULTUR$ PEOPLE ( TO-DAY1 !Y MU/ ADMIT ! EXI/5CE ( RELIGION--NOT ( A RELIGI\S CULT1 ,CA?OLIC1 ,PROTE/ANT1 OR ANO!R1 BUT ( RELIGI\S P]CEPTION--:I*1 EV5 9 \R TIMES1 IS ! GUIDE ALWAYS PRES5T :]E !RE IS ANY PROGRESS4 ,& IF A RELIGI\S P]CEPTION EXI/S AMONG US1 !N \R >T %\LD BE APPRAIS$ ON ! BASIS ( ?AT RELIGI\S P]CEPTION2 &1 AS HAS ALWAYS & EV]Y:]E BE5 ! CASE1 >T TRANSMITT+ FEEL+S FL[+ FROM ! RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( \R TIME %\LD BE *OS5 FROM ALL ! 9DIFF]5T >T1 %\LD BE ACKN[L$G$1 HIT RUNN+ C\NT] TO ?AT P]CEPTION %\LD BE CONDEMN$ & DESPIS$1 & ALL ! REMA9+ 9DIFF]5T >T %\LD NEI!R BE DI/+UI%$ NOR 5C\RAG$4 ,! RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( \R TIME1 9 ITS WIDE/ & MO/ PRACTICAL APPLICATION1 IS ! CONSCI\SNESS ?AT \R WELL-BE+1 BO? MAT]IAL & SPIRITUAL1 9DIVIDUAL & COLLECTIVE1 TEMPORAL & ET]NAL1 LIES 9 ! GR[? ( BRO!RHOOD AMONG ALL M5--9 !IR LOV+ H>MONY ) ONE ANO!R4 ,?IS P]CEPTION IS NOT ONLY EXPRESS$ BY ,*RI/ & ALL ! BE/ M5 ( PA/ AGES1 IT IS NOT ONLY REPEAT$ 9 ! MO/ V>I$ =MS & FROM MO/ DIV]SE SIDES BY ! BE/ M5 ( \R [N TIMES1 BUT IT ALREADY S]VES AS A CLUE TO ALL ! COMPLEX LABOR ( HUMANITY1 CONSI/+ AS ?IS LABOR DOES1 ON ! ONE H&1 9 ! DE/RUCTION ( PHYSICAL & MORAL OB/ACLES TO ! UNION ( M51 &1 ON ! O!R H&1 9 E/ABLI%+ ! PR9CIPLES COMMON TO ALL M5 :I* CAN & %\LD UNITE !M 9TO ONE UNIV]SAL BRO!RHOOD4 #a#f,& IT IS ON ! BASIS ( ?IS P]CEPTION ?AT WE %\LD APPRAISE ALL ! PH5OM5A ( \R LIFE1 &1 AMONG ! RE/1 \R >T ALSO2 *OOS+ FROM ALL ITS REALMS :ATEV] TRANSMITS FEEL+S FL[+ FROM ?IS RELIGI\S P]CEPTION1 HIT1 REJECT+ :ATEV] IS CONTR>Y TO ?IS P]CEPTION1 & NOT ATTRIBUT+ TO ! RE/ ( >T AN IMPORTANCE NOT PROP]LY P]TA9+ TO IT4 ,! *IEF MI/AKE MADE BY PEOPLE ( ! UPP] CLASSES ( ! TIME ( ! SO-CALL$ ,R5AISSANCE1--A MI/AKE :I* WE /ILL P]PETUATE1--WAS NOT ?AT !Y CEAS$ TO VALUE & TO ATTA* IMPORTANCE TO RELIGI\S >T 7PEOPLE ( ?AT P]IOD C\LD NOT ATTA* IMPORTANCE TO IT1 BECAUSE1 LIKE \R [N UPP] CLASSES1 !Y C\LD NOT BELIEVE 9 :AT ! MAJORITY CONSID]$ TO BE RELIGION71 BUT !IR MI/AKE WAS ?AT !Y SET UP 9 PLACE ( RELIGI\S >T :I* WAS LACK+1 AN 9SIGNIFICANT >T :I* AIM$ ONLY AT GIV+ PLEASURE1 I4E4 !Y BEGAN TO *OOSE1 TO VALUE1 & TO 5C\RAGE1 9 PLACE ( RELIGI\S >T1 SOME?+ :I*1 9 ANY CASE1 DID NOT DES]VE SU* E/EEM & 5C\RAGEM5T4 ,ONE ( ! ,FA!RS ( ! ,*UR* SAID ?AT ! GREAT EVIL IS NOT ?AT M5 DO NOT KN[ ,GOD1 BUT ?AT !Y HAVE SET UP1 9/EAD ( ,GOD1 ?AT :I* IS NOT ,GOD4 ,SO ALSO ) >T4 ,! GREAT MIS=TUNE ( ! PEOPLE ( ! UPP] CLASSES ( \R TIME IS NOT SO MU* ?AT !Y >E )\T A RELIGI\S >T1 AS ?AT1 9/EAD ( A SUPREME RELIGI\S >T1 *OS5 FROM ALL ! RE/ AS BE+ SPECIALLY IMPORTANT & VALUABLE1 !Y HAVE *OS5 A MO/ 9SIGNIFICANT &1 USUALLY1 H>MFUL >T1 :I* AIMS AT PLEAS+ C]TA9 PEOPLE1 & :I*1 !RE=E1 IF ONLY BY ITS EXCLUSIVE NATURE1 /&S 9 CONTRADICTION TO ?AT ,*RI/IAN PR9CIPLE ( UNIV]SAL UNION :I* =MS ! RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( \R TIME4 ,9/EAD ( RELIGI\S >T1 AN EMPTY & (T5 VICI\S >T IS SET UP1 & ?IS HIDES FROM M5'S NOTICE ! NE$ ( ?AT TRUE RELIGI\S >T :I* %\LD BE PRES5T 9 LIFE 9 ORD] TO IMPROVE IT4 #a#f#a,IT IS TRUE ?AT >T :I* SATISFIES ! DEM&S ( ! RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( \R TIME IS QUITE UNLIKE =M] >T1 BUT1 NOT)/&+ ?IS DISSIMIL>ITY1 TO A MAN :O DOES NOT 9T5TIONALLY HIDE ! TRU? FROM HIMSELF1 IT IS V]Y CLE> & DEF9ITE :AT DOES =M ! RELIGI\S >T ( \R AGE4 ,9 =M] TIMES1 :5 ! HIGE SOCIETY1 W]E YET BUT ONE SOCIETY SURR\ND$ BY O!RS--,JEWS1 OR ,A!NIAN OR ,ROMAN CITIZ5S71 ! FEEL+S TRANSMITT$ BY ! >T ( ?AT TIME FL[$ FROM A DESIRE = ! MIT MIY1 IT DEM&S ! UNION ( ALL--ABSOLUTELY ( ALL PEOPLE )\T EXCEPTION--& ABOVE EV]Y O!R VIRTUE IT SETS BRO!RLY LOVE TO ALL M54 ,&1 !RE=E1 ! FEEL+S TRANSMITT$ BY ! >T ( \R TIME NOT ONLY CANNOT CO9CIDE ) ! FEEL+S TRANSMITT$ BY =M] >T1 BUT MU/ RUN C\NT] TO !M4 ,*RI/IAN1 TRULY ,*RI/IAN1 >T HAS BE5 SO LONG 9 E/ABLI%+ ITSELF1 & HAS NOT YET E/ABLI%$ ITSELF1 JU/ BECAUSE ! ,*RI/IAN RELIGI\S P]CEPTION WAS NOT ONE ( ?OSE SMALL /EPS BY :I* HUMANITY ADVANCES REGUL>LY2 BUT WAS AN 5ORM\S REVOLUTION1 :I*1 IF IT HAS NOT ALREADY ALT]$1 MU/ 9EVITABLY ALT] ! 5TIRE LIFE-CONCEPTION ( MANK9D1 &1 CONSEQU5TLY1 ! :OLE 9T]NAL ORGANIZATION ( !IR LIFE4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT ! LIFE ( HUMANITY1 LIKE ?AT ( AN 9DIVIDUAL1 MOVES REGUL>LY2 BUT 9 ?AT REGUL> MOVEM5T COME1 AS IT W]E1 TURN+-PO9TS1 :I* %>PLY DIVIDE ! PREC$+ FROM ! SUBSEQU5T LIFE4 ,*RI/IANITY WAS SU* A TURN+-PO9T2 SU*1 AT LEA/1 IT MU/ APPE> TO US :O LIVE BY ! ,*RI/IAN P]CEPTION ( LIFE4 ,*RI/IAN P]CEPTION #a#f#bGAVE ANO!R1 A NEW DIRECTION TO ALL HUMAN FEEL+S1 & !RE=E COMPLETELY ALT]$ BO? ! CONT5TS & ! SIGNIFICANCE ( >T4 ,! ,GREEKS C\LD MAKE USE ( ,P]SIAN >T & ! ,ROMANS C\LD USE ,GREEK >T1 OR1 SIMIL>LY1 ! ,JEWS C\LD USE ,EGYPTIAN >T1--! FUNDAM5TAL IDEALS W]E ONE & ! SAME4 ,N[ ! IDEAL WAS ! GREATNESS & PROSP]ITY ( ! ,P]SIANS1 N[ ! GREATNESS & PROSP]ITY ( ! ,GREEKS1 N[ ?AT ( ! ,ROMANS4 ,! SAME >T WAS TRANSF]R$ 9TO O!R CONDITIONS1 & S]V$ NEW NATIONS4 ,BUT ! ,*RI/IAN IDEAL *ANG$ & REV]S$ EV]Y?+1 SO ?AT1 AS ! ,GOSPEL PUTS IT1 0,?AT :I* WAS EXALT$ AMONG M5 HAS BECOME AN ABOM9ATION 9 ! SIAOH OR ( A ,ROMAN EMP]OR1 NOT ! BEAUTY ( A ,GREEK NOR ! WEAL? ( ,PHO5ICIA1 BUT HUMILITY1 PURITY1 COMPASSION1 LOVE4 ,! H]O IS NO LONG] ,DIVES1 BUT ,LAZ>US ! BEGG>2 NOT ,M>Y ,MAGDAL5E 9 ! DAY ( H] BEAUTY1 BUT 9 ! DAY ( H] REP5TANCE2 NOT ?OSE :O ACQUIRE WEAL?1 BUT ?OSE :O HAVE AB&ON$ IT2 NOT ?OSE :O DWELL 9 PALACES1 BUT ?OSE :O DWELL 9 CATACOMBS & HUTS2 NOT ?OSE :O RULE OV] O!RS1 BUT ?OSE :O ACKN[L$GE NO AU?ORITY BUT ,GOD'S4 ,& ! GREATE/ WORK ( >T IS NO LONG] A CA!DRAL ( VICTORY.<#h#d.> ) /ATUES ( CONQU]ORS1 BUT ! REPRES5TATION ( A HUMAN S\L SO TRANS=M$ BY LOVE ?AT A MAN :O IS TORM5T$ & MURD]$ YET PITIES & LOVES HIS P]SECUTORS4 ,& ! *ANGE IS SO GREAT ?AT M5 ( ! ,*RI/IAN WORLD F9D IT DIFFICULT TO RESI/ ! 9]TIA ( ! HEA!N >T TO :I* !Y HAVE BE5 ACCU/OM$ ALL !IR LIVES4 ,! SUBJECT-MATT] ( ,*RI/IAN RELIGI\S >T IS SO NEW TO !M1 SO UNLIKE ! SUBJECT-MATT] ( =M] >T1 ?AT IT SEEMS TO !M AS ?\< ,*RI/IAN >T W]E A D5IAL ( >T1 & !Y #a#f#cCL+ DESP]ATELY TO ! OLD >T4 ,BUT ?IS OLD >T1 HAV+ NO LONG]1 9 \R DAY1 ANY S\RCE 9 RELIGI\S P]CEPTION1 HAS LO/ ITS MEAN+1 & WE %ALL HAVE TO AB&ON IT :E!R WE WI% TO OR NOT4 ,! ESS5CE ( ! ,*RI/IAN P]CEPTION CONSI/S 9 ! RECOGNITION BY EV]Y MAN ( HIS SON%IP TO ,GOD1 & ( ! CONSEQU5T UNION ( M5 ) ,GOD & ) ONE ANO!R1 AS IS SAID 9 ! ,GOSPEL 7,JOHN XVII4 #b#a.<#h#e.>74 ,!RE=E ! SUBJECT-MATT] ( ,*RI/IAN >T IS SU* FEEL+ AS CAN UNITE M5 ) ,GOD & ) ONE ANO!R4 ,! EXPRESSION UNITE M5 ) ,GOD & ) ONE ANO!R MAY SEEM OBSCURE TO PEOPLE ACCU/OM$ TO ! MISUSE ( !SE WORDS :I* IS SO CU/OM>Y1 BUT ! WORDS HAVE A P]FECTLY CLE> MEAN+ NEV]!LESS4 ,!Y 9DICATE ?AT ! ,*RI/IAN UNION ( MAN 79 CONTRADICTION TO ! P>TIAL1 EXCLUSIVE UNION ( ONLY SOME M57 IS ?AT :I* UNITES ALL )\T EXCEPTION4 ,>T1 ALL >T1 HAS ?IS *>ACT]I/IC1 ?AT IT UNITES PEOPLE4 ,EV]Y >T CAUSES ?OSE TO :OM ! >TI/'S FEEL+ IS TRANSMITT$ TO UNITE 9 S\L ) ! >TI/1 & ALSO ) ALL :O RECEIVE ! SAME IMPRESSION4 ,BUT NON-,*RI/IAN >T1 :ILE UNIT+ SOME PEOPLE TOGE!R1 MAKES ?AT V]Y UNION A CAUSE ( SEP>ATION BETWE5 !SE UNIT$ PEOPLE & O!RS2 SO ?AT UNION ( ?IS K9D IS (T5 A S\RCE1 NOT ONLY ( DIVISION1 BUT EV5 ( 5MITY T[>DS O!RS4 ,SU* IS ALL PATRIOTIC >T1 ) ITS AN!MS1 POEMS1 & MONUM5TS2 SU* IS ALL ,*UR* >T1 I4E4 ! >T ( C]TA9 CULTS1 ) !IR IMAGES1 /ATUES1 PROCESSIONS1 & O!R LOCAL C]EMONIES4 ,SU* >T IS BELAT$ & NON-,*RI/IAN >T1 UNIT+ ! PEOPLE ( ONE CULT ONLY TO SEP>ATE !M YET MORE %>PLY FROM ! MEMB]S ( O!R CULTS1 & EV5 TO PLACE !M 9 RELATIONS ( HO/ILITY TO EA* O!R4 ,*RI/IAN >T IS ONLY SU* AS T5DS TO UNITE ALL #a#f#d)\T EXCEPTION1 EI!R BY EVOK+ 9 !M ! P]CEPTION ?AT EA* MAN & ALL M5 /& 9 LIKE RELATION T[>DS ,GOD & T[>DS !IR NEIE NOT REPUGNANT TO ,*RI/IANITY & >E NATURAL TO EV]YONE )\T EXCEPTION4 ,GOOD ,*RI/IAN >T ( \R TIME MAY BE UN9TELLIGIBLE TO PEOPLE BECAUSE ( IMP]FECTIONS 9 ITS =M1 OR BECAUSE M5 >E 9ATT5TIVE TO IT1 BUT IT MU/ BE SU* ?AT ALL M5 CAN EXP]I5CE ! FEEL+S IT TRANSMITS4 ,IT MU/ BE ! >T1 NOT ( SOME ONE GR\P ( PEOPLE1 NOR ( ONE CLASS1 NOR ( ONE NATIONALITY1 NOR ( ONE RELIGI\S CULT2 ?AT IS1 IT MU/ NOT TRANSMIT FEEL+S :I* >E ACCESSIBLE ONLY TO A MAN $UCAT$ 9 A C]TA9 WAY1 OR ONLY TO AN >I/OCRAT1 OR A M]*ANT1 OR ONLY TO A ,RUSSIAN1 OR A NATIVE ( ,JAPAN1 OR A ,ROMAN ,CA?OLIC1 OR A ,BUDDHI/1 ETC41 BUT IT MU/ TRANSMIT FEEL+S ACCESSIBLE TO EV]YONE4 ,ONLY >T ( ?IS K9D CAN BE ACKN[L$G$ 9 \R TIME TO BE GOOD >T1 WOR?Y ( BE+ *OS5 \T FROM ALL ! RE/ ( >T & 5C\RAG$4 ,*RI/IAN >T1 I4E4 ! >T ( \R TIME1 %\LD BE CA?OLIC 9 ! ORIG9AL MEAN+ ( ! WORD1 I4E4 UNIV]SAL1 & !RE=E IT %\LD UNITE ALL M54 ,& ONLY TWO K9DS ( FEEL+ DO UNITE ALL M53 FIR/1 FEEL+S FL[+ FROM ! P]CEPTION ( \R SON%IP TO ,GOD & ( ! BRO!RHOOD ( MAN2 & NEXT1 ! SIMPLE FEEL+S ( COMMON LIFE1 ACCESSIBLE TO EV]YONE )\T EXCEPTION--SU* AS ! FEEL+ ( M]RIM5T1 ( PITY1 ( *E]FULNESS1 ( TRANQUILITY1 ETC4 ,ONLY !SE TWO K9DS ( FEEL+S CAN N[ SUPPLY MAT]IAL = >T GOOD 9 ITS SUBJECT-MATT]4 ,& ! ACTION ( !SE TWO K9DS ( >T1 APP>5TLY SO DISSIMIL>1 IS ONE & ! SAME4 ,! FEEL+S FL[+ FROM P]CEPTION ( \R SON%IP TO ,GOD & ( ! BRO!RHOOD ( MAN--SU* AS A FEEL+ ( SUR5ESS 9 TRU?1 DEVOTION TO ! WILL ( ,GOD1 SELF-SACRIFICE1 RESPECT = & LOVE ( MAN--EVOK$ #a#f#eBY ,*RI/IAN RELIGI\S P]CEPTION2 & ! SIMPLE/ FEEL+S--SU* AS A S(T5$ OR A M]RY MOOD CAUS$ BY A SONG OR AN AMUS+ JE/ 9TELLIGIBLE TO EV]YONE1 OR BY A T\*+ /ORY1 OR A DRAW+1 OR A LITTLE DOLL3 BO? ALIKE PRODUCE ONE & ! SAME EFFECT--! LOV+ UNION ( MAN ) MAN4 ,SOMETIMES PEOPLE :O >E TOGE!R >E1 IF NOT HO/ILE TO ONE ANO!R1 AT LEA/ E/RANG$ 9 MOOD & FEEL+1 TILL P]*ANCE A /ORY1 A P]=MANCE1 A PICTURE1 OR EV5 A BUILD+1 BUT (T5E/ ( ALL MUSIC1 UNITES !M ALL AS BY AN ELECTRIC FLA%1 &1 9 PLACE ( !IR =M] ISOLATION OR EV5 5MITY1 !Y >E ALL CONSCI\S ( UNION & MUTUAL LOVE4 ,EA* IS GLAD ?AT ANO!R FEELS :AT HE FEELS2 GLAD ( ! COMMUNION E/ABLI%$1 NOT ONLY BETWE5 HIM & ALL PRES5T1 BUT ALSO ) ALL N[ LIV+ :O WILL YET %>E ! SAME IMPRESSION2 & MORE ?AN ?AT1 HE FEELS ! MY/]I\S GLADNESS ( A COMMUNION :I*1 REA*+ BEYOND ! GRAVE1 UNITES US ) ALL M5 ( ! PA/ :O HAVE BE5 MOV$ BY ! SAME FEEL+S1 & ) ALL M5 ( ! FUTURE :O WILL YET BE T\*$ BY !M4 ,& ?IS EFFECT IS PRODUC$ BO? BY ! RELIGI\S >T :I* TRANSMITS FEEL+S ( LOVE TO ,GOD & ONE'S NEIT TRANSMITT+ ! V]Y SIMPLE/ FEEL+S COMMON TO ALL M54 ,! >T ( \R TIME %\LD BE APPRAIS$ DIFF]5TLY FROM =M] >T *IEFLY 9 ?IS1 ?AT ! >T ( \R TIME1 I4E4 ,*RI/IAN >T 7BAS+ ITSELF ON A RELIGI\S P]CEPTION :I* DEM&S ! UNION ( MAN71 EXCLUDES FROM ! DOMA9 ( >T GOOD 9 SUBJECT-MATT] EV]Y?+ TRANSMITT+ EXCLUSIVE FEEL+S1 :I* DO NOT UNITE BUT DIVIDE M54 ,IT RELEGATES SU* WORK TO ! CATEGORY ( >T BAD 9 ITS SUBJECT-MATT]1 :ILE1 ON ! O!R H&1 IT 9CLUDES 9 ! CATEGORY ( >T GOOD 9 SUBJECT-MATT] A SECTION NOT =M]LY ADMITT$ TO DES]VE TO BE *OS5 \T & RESPECT$1 NAMELY1 UNIV]SAL >T TRANSMITT+ EV5 ! MO/ TRIFL+ & SIMPLE FEEL+S IF ONLY !Y >E ACCESSIBLE TO ALL M5 )\T EXCEPTION1 #a#f#f& !RE=E UNITE !M4 ,SU* >T CANNOT1 9 \R TIME1 BUT BE E/EEM$ GOOD1 = IT ATTA9S ! 5D :I* ! RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( \R TIME1 I4E4 ,*RI/IANITY1 SETS BE=E HUMANITY4 ,*RI/IAN >T EI!R EVOKES 9 M5 ?OSE FEEL+S :I*1 ?R\< LOVE ( ,GOD & ( ONE'S NEIE ALREADY UNIT$ 9 ! JOYS & SORR[S ( LIFE4 ,& !RE=E ! ,*RI/IAN >T ( \R TIME CAN BE & IS ( TWO K9DS3 7#a7 >T TRANSMITT+ FEEL+S FL[+ FROM A RELIGI\S P]CEPTION ( MAN'S POSITION 9 ! WORLD 9 RELATION TO ,GOD & TO HIS NEIT 9 ! LIMIT$ MEAN+ ( ! T]M2 & 7#b7 >T TRANSMITT+ ! SIMPLE/ FEEL+S ( COMMON LIFE1 BUT SU*1 ALWAYS1 AS >E ACCESSIBLE TO ALL M5 9 ! :OLE WORLD--! >T ( COMMON LIFE--! >T ( A PEOPLE--UNIV]SAL >T4 ,ONLY !SE TWO K9DS ( >T CAN BE CONSID]$ GOOD >T 9 \R TIME4 ,! FIR/1 RELIGI\S >T1--TRANSMITT+ BO? POSITIVE FEEL+S ( LOVE TO ,GOD & ONE'S NEIT7 TRANSMITT+ FEEL+S ACCESSIBLE TO ALL1 MANIFE/S ITSELF 9 WORDS1 9 PA9T+1 9 SCULPTURE1 9 DANCES1 9 >*ITECTURE1 &1 MO/ ( ALL1 9 MUSIC4 ,IF ,I W]E ASK$ TO GIVE MOD]N EXAMPLES ( EA* ( !SE K9DS ( >T1 !N1 AS EXAMPLES ( ! HIT1 FL[+ FROM LOVE ( ,GOD & MAN 7BO? ( ! HI<]1 POSITIVE1 & ( ! L[]1 NEGATIVE K9D71 9 LIT]ATURE ,I %\LD NAME ,! ,ROBB]S BY ,S*ILL]3 ,VICTOR ,HUGO'S ,LES ,PAUVRES ,G5S & ,LES ,MIS]ABLES3 ! NOVELS & /ORIES ( ,DICK5S--,! ,TALE ( ,TWO ,CITIES1 ,! ,*RI/MAS ,C>OL1 ,! ,*IMES1 & O!RS3 ,UNCLE ,TOM'S ,CAB93 ,DO/OIEVSKY'S WORKS--ESPECIALLY #a#f#E H>DLY TO BE F\ND1 ESPECIALLY AMONG ! WORKS ( ! CELEBRAT$ PA9T]S4 ,!RE >E PL5TY ( PICTURES TREAT+ ( ! ,GOSPEL /ORIES2 !Y1 H[EV]1 DEPICT HI/ORICAL EV5TS ) GREAT WEAL? ( DETAIL1 BUT DO NOT1 & CANNOT1 TRANSMIT RELIGI\S FEEL+ NOT POSSESS$ BY !IR PA9T]S4 ,!RE >E MANY PICTURES TREAT+ ( ! P]SONAL FEEL+S ( V>I\S PEOPLE1 BUT ( PICTURES REPRES5T+ GREAT DE$S ( SELF-SACRIFICE & ( ,*RI/IAN LOVE !RE >E V]Y FEW1 & :AT !RE >E >E PR9CIPALLY BY >TI/S :O >E NOT CELEBRAT$1 & >E1 = ! MO/ P>T1 NOT PICTURES BUT M]ELY SKET*ES4 ,SU*1 = 9/ANCE1 IS ! DRAW+ BY ,KRAMSKOY 7WOR? MANY ( HIS F9I%$ PICTURES71 %[+ A DRAW+-ROOM ) A BALCONY1 PA/ :I* TROOPS >E M>*+ 9 TRIUMPH ON !IR RETURN FROM ! W>4 ,ON ! BALCONY /&S A WET-NURSE HOLD+ A BABY & A BOY4 ,!Y >E ADMIR+ ! PROCESSION ( ! TROOPS1 BUT ! MO!R1 COV]+ H] FACE ) A H&K]*IEF1 HAS FALL5 BACK ON ! S(A1 SOBB+4 ,SU* ALSO IS ! PICTURE BY ,WALT] ,LANGLEY1 TO :I* ,I HAVE ALREADY REF]R$1 & SU* AGA9 IS A PICTURE BY ! ,FR5* >TI/ ,MORION1 DEPICT+ A LIFEBOAT HA/5+1 9 A HEAVY /ORM1 TO ! RELIEF ( A /EAM] ?AT IS BE+ WRECK$4 ,APPROA*+ !SE 9 K9D >E PICTURES :I* REPRES5T ! H>D-WORK+ PEASANT ) RESPECT & LOVE4 ,SU* >E ! PICTURES BY ,MILLET1 &1 P>TICUL>LY1 HIS DRAW+1 0,! ,MAN ) ! ,HOE10 ALSO PICTURES 9 ?IS /YLE BY ,JULES ,BRETON1 ,L',H]MITTE1 ,DEFREGG]1 & O!RS4 ,AS EXAMPLES ( PICTURES EVOK+ 9DIGNATION & HORROR AT ! VIOLATION ( LOVE TO ,GOD & MAN1 ,GAY'S PICTURE1 0,JUDGM5T10 MAY S]VE1 & ALSO ,LEIZ5-,MAY]'S1 0,SIGN+ ! ,DEA? ,W>RANT40 ,BUT !RE >E ALSO V]Y FEW ( ?IS K9D4 ,ANXIETY AB\T ! TE*NIQUE #a#f#h& ! BEAUTY ( ! PICTURE = ! MO/ P>T OBSCURES ! FEEL+4 ,= 9/ANCE1 ,G]OME'S 0,POLLICE ,V]SO0 EXPRESSES1 NOT SO MU* HORROR AT :AT IS BE+ P]PETRAT$ AS ATTRACTION BY ! BEAUTY ( ! SPECTACLE4.<#h#f.> ,TO GIVE EXAMPLES1 FROM ! MOD]N >T ( \R UPP] CLASSES1 ( >T ( ! SECOND K9D1 GOOD UNIV]SAL >T OR EV5 ( ! >T ( A :OLE PEOPLE1 IS YET MORE DIFFICULT1 ESPECIALLY 9 LIT]>Y >T & MUSIC4 ,IF !RE >E SOME WORKS :I* BY !IR 9N] CONT5TS MIE = ! MO/ P>T--FROM ! EXCEPTIONAL NATURE ( ! FEEL+S !Y TRANSMIT1 & ! SUP]FLUITY ( SPECIAL DETAILS ( TIME & LOCALITY1 &1 ABOVE ALL1 ON ACC\NT ( ! POV]TY ( !IR SUBJECT-MATT] 9 COMP>ISON ) EXAMPLES ( UNIV]SAL ANCI5T >T 7SU*1 = 9/ANCE1 AS ! /ORY ( ,JOSEPH7--COMPREH5SIBLE ONLY TO PEOPLE ( !IR [N CIRCLE4 ,?AT ,JOSEPH'S BRE?R51 BE+ JEAL\S ( HIS FA!R'S AFFECTION1 SELL HIM TO ! M]*ANTS2 ?AT ,POTIPH>'S WIFE WI%ES TO TEMPT ! Y\?2 ?AT HAV+ ATTA9$ ! HIE FEEL+S ACCESSIBLE ALIKE TO A ,RUSSIAN PEASANT1 A ,*9ESE1 AN ,AFRICAN1 A *ILD1 OR AN OLD MAN1 $UCAT$ OR UN$UCAT$2 & IT IS ALL WRITT5 ) SU* RE/RA9T1 IS SO FREE FROM ANY SUP]FLU\S DETAIL1 ?AT ! /ORY MAY BE TOLD TO ANY CIRCLE & WILL BE EQUALLY COMPREH5SIBLE & T\*+ TO EV]YONE4 ,BUT NOT SU* >E ! FEEL+S ( ,DON ,QUIXOTE OR ( ,MOLI]E'S H]OES 7?\< ,MOLI]E IS P]HAPS ! MO/ UNIV]SAL1 & !RE=E ! MO/ EXCELL5T1 >TI/ ( MOD]N TIMES71 NOR ( ,PICKWICK & HIS FRI5DS4 ,!SE FEEL+S >E NOT COMMON TO ALL #a#f#iM5 BUT V]Y EXCEPTIONAL1 & !RE=E1 TO MAKE !M 9FECTI\S1 ! AU?ORS HAVE SURR\ND$ !M ) ABUNDANT DETAILS ( TIME & PLACE4 ,& ?IS ABUNDANCE ( DETAIL MAKES ! /ORIES DIFFICULT ( COMPREH5SION TO ALL PEOPLE NOT LIV+ )9 REA* ( ! CONDITIONS DESCRIB$ BY ! AU?OR4 ,! AU?OR ( ! NOVEL ( ,JOSEPH DID NOT NE$ TO DESCRIBE 9 DETAIL1 AS W\LD BE DONE N[ADAYS1 ! BLOOD/A9$ COAT ( ,JOSEPH1 ! DWELL+ & DRESS ( ,JACOB1 ! POSE & ATTIRE ( ,POTIPH>'S WIFE1 & H[1 ADJU/+ ! BRACELET ON H] LEFT >M1 %E SAID1 0,COME TO ME10 & SO ON1 BECAUSE ! SUBJECT-MATT] ( FEEL+S 9 ?IS NOVEL IS SO /RONG ?AT ALL DETAILS1 EXCEPT ! MO/ ESS5TIAL1--SU* AS ?AT ,JOSEPH W5T \T 9TO ANO!R ROOM TO WEEP1-->E SUP]FLU\S1 & W\LD ONLY H9D] ! TRANSMISSION ( FEEL+S4 ,& !RE=E ?IS NOVEL IS ACCESSIBLE TO ALL M51 T\*ES PEOPLE ( ALL NATIONS & CLASSES1 Y\NG & OLD1 & HAS LA/$ TO \R TIMES1 & WILL YET LA/ = ?\S&S ( YE>S TO COME4 ,BUT /RIP ! BE/ NOVELS ( \R TIMES ( !IR DETAILS1 & :AT WILL REMA98 ,IT IS !RE=E IMPOSSIBLE 9 MOD]N LIT]ATURE TO 9DICATE WORKS FULLY SATISFY+ ! DEM&S ( UNIV]SALITY4 ,SU* WORKS AS EXI/ >E1 TO A GREAT EXT5T1 SPOIL$ BY :AT IS USUALLY CALL$ 0REALISM10 BUT W\LD BE BETT] T]M$ 0PROV9CIALISM10 9 >T4 ,9 MUSIC ! SAME OCCURS AS 9 V]BAL >T1 & = SIMIL> REASONS4 ,9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! POORNESS ( ! FEEL+ !Y CONTA91 ! MELODIES ( ! MOD]N COMPOS]S >E AMAZ+LY EMPTY & 9SIGNIFICANT4 ,& TO /R5G!N ! IMPRESSION PRODUC$ BY !SE EMPTY MELODIES1 ! NEW MUSICIANS PILE COMPLEX MODULATIONS ON TO EA* TRIVIAL MELODY1 NOT ONLY 9 !IR [N NATIONAL MANN]1 BUT ALSO 9 ! WAY *>ACT]I/IC ( !IR [N EXCLUSIVE CIRCLE & P>TICUL> MUSICAL S*OOL4 ,MELODY--EV]Y MELODY--IS FREE1 & MAY BE UND]/OOD ( ALL M52 BUT AS SOON AS IT IS B\ND UP #a#g) A P>TICUL> H>MONY1 IT CEASES TO BE ACCESSIBLE EXCEPT TO PEOPLE TRA9$ TO SU* H>MONY1 & IT BECOMES /RANGE1 NOT ONLY TO COMMON M5 ( ANO!R NATIONALITY1 BUT TO ALL :O DO NOT BELONG TO ! CIRCLE :OSE MEMB]S HAVE ACCU/OM$ !MSELVES TO C]TA9 =MS ( H>MONIZATION4 ,SO ?AT MUSIC1 LIKE POETRY1 TRAVELS 9 A VICI\S CIRCLE4 ,TRIVIAL & EXCLUSIVE MELODIES1 9 ORD] TO MAKE !M ATTRACTIVE1 >E LAD5 ) H>MONIC1 RHY?MIC1 & OR*E/RAL COMPLICATIONS1 & ?US BECOME YET MORE EXCLUSIVE1 & F> FROM BE+ UNIV]SAL >E NOT EV5 NATIONAL1 I4E4 !Y >E NOT COMPREH5SIBLE TO ! :OLE PEOPLE BUT ONLY TO SOME PEOPLE4 ,9 MUSIC1 BESIDES M>*ES & DANCES BY V>I\S COMPOS]S1 :I* SATISFY ! DEM&S ( UNIV]SAL >T1 ONE CAN 9DICATE V]Y FEW WORKS ( ?IS CLASS3 ,BA*'S FAM\S VIOL9 >IA1 ,*OP9'S NOCTURNE 9 ,E FLAT MAJOR1 & P]HAPS A DOZ5 BITS 7NOT :OLE PIECES1 BUT P>TS7 SELECT$ FROM ! WORKS ( ,HAYDN1 ,MOZ>T1 ,S*UB]T1 ,BEE?OV51 & ,*OP94.<#h#g.> ,AL?\< 9 PA9T+ ! SAME ?+ IS REPEAT$ AS 9 POETRY & 9 MUSIC1--NAMELY1 ?AT 9 ORD] TO MAKE !M MORE 9T]E/+1 WORKS WEAK 9 CONCEPTION >E SURR\ND$ BY M9UTELY /UDI$ ACCESSORIES ( TIME & PLACE1 :I* GIVE !M A TEMPOR>Y & LOCAL 9T]E/ BUT MAKE !M #a#g#aLESS UNIV]SAL1--/ILL1 9 PA9T+1 MORE ?AN 9 ! O!R SPH]ES ( >T1 MAY BE F\ND WORKS SATISFY+ ! DEM&S ( UNIV]SAL ,*RI/IAN >T2 ?AT IS TO SAY1 !RE >E MORE WORKS EXPRESS+ FEEL+S 9 :I* ALL M5 MAY P>TICIPATE4 ,9 ! >TS ( PA9T+ & SCULPTURE1 ALL PICTURES & /ATUES 9 SO-CALL$ G5RE /YLE1 DEPICTIONS ( ANIMALS1 L&SCAPES & C>ICATURES ) SUBJECTS COMPREH5SIBLE TO EV]YONE1 & ALSO ALL K9DS ( ORNAM5TS1 >E UNIV]SAL 9 SUBJECT-MATT]4 ,SU* PRODUCTIONS 9 PA9T+ & SCULPTURE >E V]Y NUM]\S 7E4G4 *9A DOLLS71 BUT = ! MO/ P>T SU* OBJECTS 7= 9/ANCE1 ORNAM5TS ( ALL K9DS7 >E EI!R NOT CONSID]$ TO BE >T OR >E CONSID]$ TO BE >T ( A L[ QUALITY4 ,9 REALITY ALL SU* OBJECTS1 IF ONLY !Y TRANSMIT A TRUE FEEL+ EXP]I5C$ BY ! >TI/ & COMPREH5SIBLE TO EV]YONE 7H[EV] 9SIGNIFICANT IT MAY SEEM TO US TO BE7 >E WORKS ( REAL1 GOOD1 ,*RI/IAN >T4 ,I FE> IT WILL H]E BE URG$ AGA9/ ME ?AT HAV+ D5I$ ?AT ! CONCEPTION ( BEAUTY CAN SUPPLY A /&>D = WORKS ( >T1 ,I CONTRADICT MYSELF BY ACKN[L$G+ ORNAM5TS TO BE WORKS ( GOOD >T4 ,! REPROA* IS UNJU/1 = ! SUBJECT-MATT] ( ALL K9DS ( ORNAM5TATION CONSI/S NOT 9 ! BEAUTY1 BUT 9 ! FEEL+ 7( ADMIRATION (1 & DELITI/ HAS EXP]I5C$ & ) :I* HE 9FECTS ! SPECTATOR4 ,>T REMA9S :AT IT WAS & :AT IT MU/ BE3 NO?+ BUT ! 9FECTION BY ONE MAN ( ANO!R1 OR ( O!RS1 ) ! FEEL+S EXP]I5C$ BY ! 9FECTOR4 ,AMONG ?OSE FEEL+S IS ! FEEL+ ( DELIGE NUMB] ( PEOPLE1 OR SU* AS PLEASE ALL M54 ,& ORNAM5TS = ! MO/ P>T >E ( ! LATT] K9D4 ,A L&SCAPE REPRES5T+ A V]Y UNUSUAL VIEW1 OR A G5RE PICTURE ( A SPECIAL SUBJECT1 MAY NOT PLEASE EV]YONE1 BUT ORNAM5TS1 FROM ,YAKUTSK ORNAM5TS TO #a#g#b,GREEK ONES1 >E 9TELLIGIBLE TO EV]YONE & EVOKE A SIMIL> FEEL+ ( ADMIRATION 9 ALL1 & !RE=E ?IS DESPIS$ K9D ( >T %\LD1 9 ,*RI/IAN SOCIETY1 BE E/EEM$ F> ABOVE EXCEPTIONAL1 PRET5TI\S PICTURES & SCULPTURES4 ,SO ?AT !RE >E ONLY TWO K9DS ( GOOD ,*RI/IAN >T3 ALL ! RE/ ( >T NOT COMPRIS$ 9 !SE TWO DIVISIONS %\LD BE ACKN[L$G$ TO BE BAD >T1 DES]V+ NOT TO BE 5C\RAG$ BUT TO BE DRIV5 \T1 D5I$ & DESPIS$1 AS BE+ >T NOT UNIT+ BUT DIVID+ PEOPLE4 ,SU*1 9 LIT]>Y >T1 >E ALL NOVELS & POEMS :I* TRANSMIT ,*UR* OR PATRIOTIC FEEL+S1 & ALSO EXCLUSIVE FEEL+S P]TA9+ ONLY TO ! CLASS ( ! IDLE RI*2 SU* AS >I/OCRATIC HONOR1 SATIETY1 SPLE51 PESSIMISM1 & REF9$ & VICI\S FEEL+S FL[+ FROM SEX-LOVE--QUITE 9COMPREH5SIBLE TO ! GREAT MAJORITY ( MANK9D4 ,9 PA9T+ WE MU/ SIMIL>LY PLACE 9 ! CLASS ( BAD >T ALL ! ,*UR*1 PATRIOTIC1 & EXCLUSIVE PICTURES2 ALL ! PICTURES REPRES5T+ ! AMUSEM5TS & ALLUREM5TS ( A RI* & IDLE LIFE2 ALL ! SO-CALL$ SYMBOLIC PICTURES1 9 :I* ! V]Y MEAN+ ( ! SYMBOL IS COMPREH5SIBLE ONLY TO ! PEOPLE ( A C]TA9 CIRCLE2 &1 ABOVE ALL1 PICTURES ) VOLUPTU\S SUBJECTS--ALL ?AT ODI\S FEMALE NUDITY :I* FILLS ALL ! EXHIBITIONS & GALL]IES4 ,& TO ?IS CLASS BELONGS ALMO/ ALL ! *AMB] & OP]A MUSIC ( \R TIMES1--BEG9N+ ESPECIALLY FROM ,BEE?OV5 7,S*UMANN1 ,B]LIOZ1 ,LISZT1 ,WAGN]71--BY ITS SUBJECT-MATT] DEVOT$ TO ! EXPRESSION ( FEEL+S ACCESSIBLE ONLY TO PEOPLE :O HAVE DEVELOP$ 9 !MSELVES AN UNHEAL?Y1 N]V\S IRRITATION EVOK$ BY ?IS EXCLUSIVE1 >TIFICIAL1 & COMPLEX MUSIC4 0,:AT6 ! ,N9? ,SYMPHONY NOT A GOOD WORK ( >T60 ,I HE> EXCLAIM$ BY 9DIGNANT VOICES4 ,& ,I REPLY3 ,MO/ C]TA9LY IT IS NOT4 ,ALL ?AT ,I HAVE WRITT5 ,I HAVE WRITT5 ) ! SOLE PURPOSE ( F9D+ A CLE> & REASONABLE CRIT]ION BY :I* TO JUDGE ! #a#g#cM]ITS ( WORKS ( >T4 ,& ?IS CRIT]ION1 CO9CID+ ) ! 9DICATIONS ( PLA9 & SANE S5SE1 9DUBITABLY %[S ME ?AT ?AT SYMPHONY BY ,BEE?OV5 IS NOT A GOOD WORK ( >T4 ,( C\RSE1 TO PEOPLE $UCAT$ 9 ! ADORATION ( C]TA9 PRODUCTIONS & ( !IR AU?ORS1 TO PEOPLE :OSE TA/E HAS BE5 P]V]T$ JU/ BY BE+ $UCAT$ 9 SU* ADORATION1 ! ACKN[L$GM5T ?AT SU* A CELEBRAT$ WORK IS BAD IS AMAZ+ & /RANGE4 ,BUT H[ >E WE TO ESCAPE ! 9DICATIONS ( REASON & ( COMMON S5SE8 ,BEE?OV5'S ,N9? ,SYMPHONY IS CONSID]$ A GREAT WORK ( >T4 ,TO V]IFY ITS CLAIM TO BE SU*1 ,I MU/ FIR/ ASK MYSELF :E!R ?IS WORK TRANSMITS ! HIT1 HAS IT ! O!R *>ACT]I/IC ( ! GOOD >T ( \R TIME1--! QUALITY ( UNIT+ ALL M5 9 ONE COMMON FEEL+3 DOES IT RANK AS ,*RI/IAN UNIV]SAL >T8 ,& AGA9 ,I HAVE NO OPTION BUT TO REPLY 9 ! NEGATIVE2 = NOT ONLY DO ,I NOT SEE H[ ! FEEL+S TRANSMITT$ BY ?IS WORK C\LD UNITE PEOPLE NOT SPECIALLY TRA9$ TO SUBMIT !MSELVES TO ITS COMPLEX HYPNOTISM1 BUT ,I AM UNABLE TO IMAG9E TO MYSELF A CR[D ( NORMAL PEOPLE :O C\LD UND]/& ANY?+ ( ?IS LONG1 CONFUS$1 & >TIFICIAL PRODUCTION1 EXCEPT %ORT SNAT*ES :I* >E LO/ 9 A SEA ( :AT IS 9COMPREH5SIBLE4 ,& !RE=E1 :E!R ,I LIKE IT OR NOT1 ,I AM COMPELL$ TO CONCLUDE ?AT ?IS WORK BELONGS TO ! RANK ( BAD >T4 ,IT IS CURI\S TO NOTE 9 ?IS CONNECTION1 ?AT ATTA*$ TO ! 5D ( ?IS V]Y SYMPHONY IS A POEM ( ,S*ILL]'S :I* 7?\< SOME:AT OBSCURELY7 EXPRESSES ?IS V]Y ?\T1 MANY & MANY WORKS CONSID]$ GREAT BY ! UPP] CLASSES ( \R SOCIETY WILL HAVE TO BE JUDG$4 ,BY ?IS ONE SURE CRIT]ION WE %ALL HAVE TO JUDGE ! CELEBRAT$ ,DIV9E ,COM$Y & ,J]USALEM ,DELIV]$1 & A GREAT P>T ( ,%AKESPE>E'S & ,GOE!'S WORKS1 & 9 PA9T+ EV]Y REPRES5TATION ( MIRACLES1 9CLUD+ ,RAPHAEL'S 0,TRANSFIGURATION10 ETC4 ,:ATEV] ! WORK MAY BE & H[EV] IT MAY HAVE BE5 EXTOLL$1 WE HAVE FIR/ TO ASK :E!R ?IS WORK IS ONE ( REAL >T OR A C\NT]FEIT4 ,HAV+ ACKN[L$G$1 ON ! BASIS ( ! 9DICATION ( ITS 9FECTI\SNESS EV5 TO A SMALL CLASS ( PEOPLE1 ?AT A C]TA9 PRODUCTION BELONGS TO ! REALM ( >T1 IT IS NECESS>Y1 ON ! BASIS ( ! 9DICATION ( ITS ACCESSIBILITY1 TO DECIDE ! NEXT QUE/ION1 ,DOES ?IS WORK BELONG TO ! CATEGORY ( BAD1 EXCLUSIVE >T1 OPPOS$ TO RELIGI\S P]CEPTION1 OR TO ,*RI/IAN >T1 UNIT+ PEOPLE8 ,& HAV+ ACKN[L$G$ AN >TICLE TO BELONG TO REAL ,*RI/IAN >T1 WE MU/ !N1 ACCORD+ TO :E!R IT TRANSMITS ! FEEL+S FL[+ FROM LOVE TO ,GOD & MAN1 OR M]ELY ! SIMPLE FEEL+S UNIT+ ALL M51 ASSIGN IT A PLACE 9 ! RANKS ( RELIGI\S >T OR 9 ?OSE ( UNIV]SAL >T4 ,ONLY ON ! BASIS ( SU* V]IFICATION %ALL WE F9D IT POSSIBLE TO SELECT FROM ! :OLE MASS ( :AT1 9 \R SOCIETY1 CLAIMS TO BE >T1 ?OSE WORKS :I* =M REAL1 IMPORTANT1 NECESS>Y SPIRITUAL FOOD1 & TO SEP>ATE !M FROM ALL ! H>MFUL & USELESS >T1 & FROM ! C\NT]FEITS ( >T :I* SURR\ND US4 ,ONLY ON ! BASIS ( SU* V]IFICATION %ALL WE BE ABLE TO RID \RSELVES ( ! P]NICI\S RESULTS ( H>MFUL >T1 & TO AVAIL \RSELVES ( ?AT B5EFIC5T ACTION :I* IS ! PURPOSE ( TRUE & GOOD >T1 & :I* IS 9DISP5SABLE = ! SPIRITUAL LIFE ( MAN & ( HUMANITY4 ,FROM 3 ,GUT5B]G4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahif 3 ,*APT] #af -- ,PUBLICATION4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/