,*APT] #g #ahigahig ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY ,TRANSLATOR 3 ,AYLM] ,MAUDE ,TEXT 3 ,FROM ! TIME ?AT PEOPLE ( ! UPP] CLASSES LO/ FAI? 9 ,*UR* ,*RI/IANITY1 BEAUTY 7I4E4 ! PLEASURE RECEIV$ FROM >T7 BECAME !IR /&>D ( GOOD & BAD >T4 ,&1 9 ACCORDANCE ) ?AT VIEW1 AN AES!TIC !ORY NATURALLY SPRANG UP AMONG ?OSE UPP] CLASSES JU/IFY+ SU* A CONCEPTION1--A !ORY ACCORD+ TO :I* ! AIM ( >T IS TO EXHIBIT BEAUTY4 ,! P>TISANS ( ?IS AES!TIC !ORY1 9 CONFIRMATION ( ITS TRU?1 AFFIRM$ ?AT IT WAS NO 9V5TION ( !IR [N1 BUT ?AT IT EXI/$ 9 ! NATURE ( ?+S1 & WAS RECOGNIZ$ EV5 BY ! ANCI5T ,GREEKS4 ,BUT ?IS ASS]TION WAS QUITE >BITR>Y1 & HAS NO F\NDATION O!R ?AN ! FACT ?AT AMONG ! ANCI5T ,GREEKS1 9 CONSEQU5CE ( ! L[ GRADE ( !IR MORAL IDEAL 7AS COMP>$ ) ! ,*RI/IAN71 !IR CONCEPTION ( ! GOOD1 88 8888881 WAS NOT YET %>PLY DIVID$ FROM !IR CONCEPTION ( ! BEAUTIFUL1 88 888884 ,?AT HIT1 CONTRA/+ ) IT7 :I* WAS DISC]N$ BY ! ,JEWS EV5 9 ! TIMES ( ,ISAIAH1 & FULLY EXPRESS$ BY ,*RI/IANITY1 WAS QUITE UNKN[N TO ! ,GREEKS4 ,!Y SUPPOS$ ?AT ! BEAUTIFUL MU/ NECESS>ILY ALSO BE ! GOOD4 ,IT IS TRUE ?AT !IR =EMO/ ?9K]S--,SOCRATES1 ,PLATO1 ,>I/OTLE--FELT ?AT GOODNESS MAY HAPP5 NOT TO CO9CIDE ) BEAUTY4 ,SOCRATES EXPRESSLY SUBORD9AT$ BEAUTY TO GOODNESS2 ,PLATO1 TO UNITE ! TWO CONCEPTIONS1 SPOKE ( SPIRITUAL BEAUTY2 :ILE ,>I/OTLE DEM&$ FROM >T ?AT IT %\LD HAVE A MORAL 9FLU5CE ON PEOPLE 78888888874 #f#b,BUT1 NOT)/&+ ALL ?IS1 !Y C\LD NOT QUITE DISMISS ! NOTION ?AT BEAUTY & GOODNESS CO9CIDE4 ,& CONSEQU5TLY1 9 ! LANGUAGE ( ?AT P]IOD1 A COMP\ND WORD 78888-88888881 BEAUTY-GOODNESS71 CAME 9TO USE TO EXPRESS ?AT NOTION4 ,EVID5TLY ! ,GREEK SAGES BEGAN TO DRAW NE> TO ?AT P]CEPTION ( GOODNESS :I* IS EXPRESS$ 9 ,BUDDHISM & 9 ,*RI/IANITY1 & !Y GOT 5TANGL$ 9 DEF9+ ! RELATION BETWE5 GOODNESS & BEAUTY4 ,PLATO'S REASON+S AB\T BEAUTY & GOODNESS >E FULL ( CONTRADICTIONS4 ,& IT WAS JU/ ?IS CONFUSION ( IDEAS ?AT ?OSE ,EUROPEANS ( A LAT] AGE1 :O HAD LO/ ALL FAI?1 TRI$ TO ELEVATE 9TO A LAW4 ,!Y TRI$ TO PROVE ?AT ?IS UNION ( BEAUTY & GOODNESS IS 9H]5T 9 ! V]Y ESS5CE ( ?+S2 ?AT BEAUTY & GOODNESS MU/ CO9CIDE2 & ?AT ! WORD & CONCEPTION 8888-8888888 7:I* HAD A MEAN+ = ,GREEKS BUT HAS NONE AT ALL = ,*RI/IANS7 REPRES5TS ! HIT W]E SO TWI/$ AS TO MAKE IT APPE> ?AT ?IS 9V5T$ SCI5CE ( AES!TICS HAD EXI/$ AMONG ! ,GREEKS4 ,9 REALITY1 ! REASON+ ( ! ANCI5TS ON >T WAS QUITE UNLIKE \RS4 ,AS ,B5>D1 9 HIS BOOK ON ! AES!TICS ( ,>I/OTLE1 QUITE JU/LY REM>KS3 0,P\R QUI VEUT Y REG>D] DE PRES1 LA !ORIE DU BEAU ET CELLE DE L'>T SONT T\T A FAIT SEP>EES DANS ,>I/OTE1 COMME ELLES LE SONT DANS ,PLATON ET *EZ T\S LEURS SUCCESSEURS0 7,L'ES!TIQUE D',>I/OTE ET DE SES SUCCESSEURS1 ,P>IS1 #a#h#h#i1 P4 #b#h74.<#f#c.> ,& 9DE$ ! REASON+ ( ! ANCI5TS ON >T NOT ONLY DOES NOT CONFIRM \R SCI5CE ( AES!TICS1 BUT RA!R CONTRADICTS ITS DOCTR9E ( BEAUTY4 ,BUT NEV]!LESS ALL ! AES!TIC GUIDES1 FROM ,S*ASL] TO ,KNIE ?AT ! SCI5CE ( ! BEAUTIFUL--AES!TIC SCI5CE--WAS COMM5C$ BY ! ANCI5TS1 BY ,SOCRATES1 ,PLATO1 ,>I/OTLE2 & WAS CONT9U$1 !Y SAY1 P>TIALLY BY ! ,EPICUREANS & ,/OICS3 BY ,S5ECA & ,PLUT>*1 D[N TO ,PLOT9US4 ,BUT IT IS SUPPOS$ ?AT ?IS SCI5CE1 BY SOME UN=TUNATE ACCID5T1 SUDD5LY VANI%$ 9 ! F\R? C5TURY1 & /AY$ AWAY = AB\T #ae YE>S1 & ONLY AFT] !SE #ae YE>S HAD PASS$ DID IT REVIVE 9 ,G]MANY1 ,A4,D4 #a#g#e1 9 ,BAUMG>T5'S DOCTR9E4 ,AFT] ,PLOT9US1 SAYS ,S*ASL]1 FIFTE5 C5TURIES PASS$ AWAY DUR+ :I* !RE WAS NOT ! SLIT4 ,!SE ONE & A HALF ?\S& YE>S1 SAYS HE1 HAVE BE5 LO/ TO AES!TICS & HAVE CONTRIBUT$ NO?+ T[>DS ! ]ECTION ( ! LE>N$ $IFICE ( ?IS SCI5CE4.<#f#d.> ,9 REALITY NO?+ ( ! K9D HAPP5$4 ,! SCI5CE ( AES!TICS1 ! SCI5CE ( ! BEAUTIFUL1 NEI!R DID NOR C\LD VANI% BECAUSE IT NEV] EXI/$4 ,SIMPLY1 ! ,GREEKS 7JU/ #f#dLIKE EV]YBODY ELSE1 ALWAYS & EV]Y:]E7 CONSID]$ >T 7LIKE EV]Y?+ ELSE7 GOOD ONLY :5 IT S]V$ GOODNESS 7AS !Y UND]/OOD GOODNESS71 & BAD :5 IT WAS 9 OPPOSITION TO ?AT GOODNESS4 ,& ! ,GREEKS !MSELVES W]E SO LITTLE DEVELOP$ MORALLY1 ?AT GOODNESS & BEAUTY SEEM$ TO !M TO CO9CIDE4 ,ON ?AT OBSOLETE ,GREEK VIEW ( LIFE WAS ]ECT$ ! SCI5CE ( AES!TICS1 9V5T$ BY M5 ( ! EIT5'S !ORY4 ,! ,GREEKS 7AS ANYONE MAY SEE :O WILL READ ,B5>D'S ADMIRABLE BOOK ON ,>I/OTLE & HIS SUCCESSORS1 & ,WALT]'S WORK ON ,PLATO7 NEV] HAD A SCI5CE ( AES!TICS4 ,A,ES!TIC !ORIES >OSE AB\T ONE HUNDR$ & FIFTY YE>S AGO AMONG ! WEAL?Y CLASSES ( ! ,*RI/IAN ,EUROPEAN WORLD1 & >OSE SIMULTANE\SLY AMONG DIFF]5T NATIONS1--,G]MAN1 ,ITALIAN1 ,DUT*1 ,FR5*1 & ,5GLI%4 ,! F\ND] & ORGANIZ] ( IT1 :O GAVE IT A SCI5TIFIC1 !ORETIC =M1 WAS ,BAUMG>T54 ,) A *>ACT]I/ICALLY ,G]MAN1 EXT]NAL EXACTITUDE1 P$ANTRY & SYMMETRY1 HE DEVIS$ & EXP\ND$ ?IS EXTRAORD9>Y !ORY4 ,&1 NOT)/&+ ITS OBVI\S 9SOLIDITY1 NOBODY ELSE'S !ORY SO PLEAS$ ! CULTUR$ CR[D1 OR WAS ACCEPT$ SO READILY & ) SU* AN ABS5CE ( CRITICISM4 ,IT SO SUIT$ ! PEOPLE ( ! UPP] CLASSES1 ?AT TO ?IS DAY1 NOT)/&+ ITS 5TIRELY FANTA/IC *>ACT] & ! >BITR>Y NATURE ( ITS ASS]TIONS1 IT IS REPEAT$ BY LE>N$ & UNLE>N$ AS ?\< IT W]E SOME?+ 9DUBITABLE & SELF-EVID5T4 ,HAB5T SUA FATA LIBELLI PRO CAPITE LECTORIS1 & SO1 OR EV5 MORE SO1 !ORIES HAB5T SUA FATA ACCORD+ TO ! CONDITION ( ]ROR 9 :I* ?AT SOCIETY IS LIV+1 AMONG :OM & = :OM ! !ORIES >E 9V5T$4 ,IF A !ORY JU/IFIES ! FALSE POSITION 9 :I* A C]TA9 P>T ( A SOCIETY IS LIV+1 !N1 H[EV] UNF\ND$ OR EV5 OBVI\SLY FALSE ! !ORY MAY BE1 IT IS ACCEPT$1 & BECOMES AN >TICLE ( FAI? TO ?AT #f#eSECTION ( SOCIETY4 ,SU*1 = 9/ANCE1 WAS ! CELEBRAT$ & UNF\ND$ !ORY EXP\ND$ BY ,MAL?US1 ( ! T5D5CY ( ! POPULATION ( ! WORLD TO 9CREASE 9 GEOMETRICAL PROGRESSION1 BUT ( ! MEANS ( SU/5ANCE TO 9CREASE ONLY 9 >I?METICAL PROGRESSION1 & ( ! CONSEQU5T OV]POPULATION ( ! WORLD2 SU*1 ALSO1 WAS ! !ORY 7AN \TGR[? ( ! ,MAL?USIAN7 ( SELECTION & /RUGGLE = EXI/5CE AS ! BASIS ( HUMAN PROGRESS4 ,SU*1 AGA91 IS ,M>X'S !ORY1 :I* REG>DS ! GRADUAL DE/RUCTION ( SMALL PRIVATE PRODUCTION BY L>GE CAPITALI/IC PRODUCTION N[ GO+ ON >\ND US1 AS AN 9EVITABLE DECREE ( FATE4 ,H[EV] UNF\ND$ SU* !ORIES >E1 H[EV] CONTR>Y TO ALL ?AT IS KN[N & CONFESS$ BY HUMANITY1 & H[EV] OBVI\SLY IMMORAL !Y MAY BE1 !Y >E ACCEPT$ ) CR$ULITY1 PASS UNCRITICIZ$1 & >E PREA*$1 P]*ANCE = C5TURIES1 UNTIL ! CONDITIONS >E DE/ROY$ :I* !Y S]V$ TO JU/IFY1 OR UNTIL !IR ABSURDITY HAS BECOME TOO EVID5T4 ,TO ?IS CLASS BELONGS ?IS A/ONI%+ !ORY ( ! ,BAUMG>T5IAN ,TR9ITY--,GOODNESS1 ,BEAUTY1 & ,TRU?1 ACCORD+ TO :I* IT APPE>S ?AT ! V]Y BE/ ?AT CAN BE DONE BY ! >T ( NATIONS AFT] #ai YE>S ( ,*RI/IAN TEA*+1 IS TO *OOSE AS ! IDEAL ( !IR LIFE ! IDEAL ?AT WAS HELD BY A SMALL1 SEMI-SAVAGE1 SLAVE-HOLD+ PEOPLE :O LIV$ #b YE>S AGO1 :O IMITAT$ ! NUDE HUMAN BODY EXTREMELY WELL1 & ]ECT$ BUILD+S PLEASANT TO LOOK AT4 ,ALL !SE 9COMPATIBILITIES PASS COMPLETELY UNNOTIC$4 ,LE>N$ PEOPLE WRITE LONG1 CL\DY TREATISES ON BEAUTY AS A MEMB] ( ! AES!TIC TR9ITY ( ,BEAUTY1 ,TRU?1 & ,GOODNESS2 DAS ,S*ONE1 DAS ,WAHRE1 DAS ,GUTE2 LE ,BEAU1 LE ,VRAI1 LE ,BON1 >E REPEAT$1 ) CAPITAL LETT]S1 BY PHILOSOPH]S1 AES!TICIANS & >TI/S1 BY PRIVATE 9DIVIDUALS1 BY NOVELI/S & BY FEUILLETONI/ES1 & !Y ALL ?9K1 :5 PRON\NC+ !SE SACROSANCT WORDS1 ?AT !Y SPEAK ( SOME?+ QUITE DEF9ITE & SOLID--SOME?+ ON :I* !Y CAN BASE !IR OP9IONS4 ,9 REALITY1 !SE WORDS NOT ONLY HAVE NO DEF9ITE #f#fMEAN+1 BUT !Y H9D] US 9 ATTA*+ ANY DEF9ITE MEAN+ TO EXI/+ >T2 !Y >E WANT$ ONLY = ! PURPOSE ( JU/IFY+ ! FALSE IMPORTANCE WE ATTRIBUTE TO AN >T ?AT TRANSMITS EV]Y K9D ( FEEL+ IF ONLY ?OSE FEEL+S AF=D US PLEASURE4 ,FROM 3 ,GUT5B]G4ORG4 ,*RONOLOGY 3 ,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahif 3 ,*APT] #g -- ,PUBLICATION4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/REVOLTLIB4COM_/