,:Y ,DO ,M5 ,/UPEFY ,!MSELVES8 

#ahi 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,TRANSLATOR 3 ,L\ISE ,MAUDE 

,TRANSLATOR 3 ,AYLM] ,MAUDE 

,SECTIONS 7,T,O,C7 3 
     

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,SECTIONS 7,CONT5T7 3 

O ,*APT] #a 

,:AT IS ! EXPLANATION ( ! FACT ?AT PEOPLE USE ?+S ?AT /UPEFY !M3 VODKA1 W9E1 BE]1 HA%I%1 OPIUM1 TOBACCO1 & O!R ?+S LESS COMMON3 E!R1 MORPHIA1 FLY-AG>IC1 ETC48 ,:Y DID ! PRACTICE BEG98 ,:Y HAS IT SPREAD SO RAPIDLY1 & :Y IS IT /ILL SPREAD+ AMONG ALL SORTS ( PEOPLE1 SAVAGE & CIVILIZ$8 ,H[ IS IT ?AT :]E !RE IS NO VODKA1 W9E OR BE]1 WE F9D OPIUM1 HA%I%1 FLY-AG>IC1 & ! LIKE1 & ?AT TOBACCO IS US$ EV]Y:]E8 

,:Y DO PEOPLE WI% TO /UPEFY  !MSELVES8 

,ASK ANYONE :Y HE BEGAN DR9K+ W9E & :Y HE N[ DR9KS IT4 ,HE WILL REPLY1 0,OH1 ,I LIKE IT1 & EV]YBODY DR9KS10 & HE MAY ADD1 0IT *E]S ME UP40 ,SOME--?OSE :O HAVE NEV] ONCE TAK5 ! TR\BLE TO CONSID] :E!R !Y DO WELL OR ILL TO DR9K W9E--MAY ADD ?AT W9E IS GOOD = ! HEAL? & ADDS TO ONE'S /R5G?2 ?AT IS TO SAY1 WILL MAKE A /ATEM5T LONG S9CE PROV$ BASELESS4 

,ASK A SMOK] :Y HE BEGAN TO USE TOBACCO & :Y HE N[ SMOKES1 & HE ALSO WILL REPLY3 0,TO :ILE AWAY ! TIME2 EV]YBODY SMOKES40 

,SIMIL> ANSW]S W\LD PROBABLY BE GIV5 BY ?OSE :O USE OPIUM1 HA%I%1 MORPHIA1 OR FLY-AG>IC4 

',TO :ILE AWAY TIME1 TO *E] ONESELF UP2 EV]YBODY DOES IT4' ,BUT IT MI<T BE EXCUSABLE TO TWIDDLE ONE'S ?UMBS1 TO :I/LE1 TO HUM TUNES1 TO PLAY A FIFE OR TO DO SOME?+ ( ?AT SORT 'TO :ILE AWAY ! TIME1' 'TO *E] ONESELF UP1' OR 'BECAUSE EV]YBODY DOES IT' -- ?AT IS TO SAY1 IT MI<T BE EXCUSABLE TO DO SOME?+ :I* DOES NOT 9VOLVE WA/+ ,NATURE'S WEAL?1 OR SP5D+ :AT HAS CO/ GREAT LABOR TO PRODUCE1 OR DO+ :AT BR+S EVID5T H>M TO ONESELF & TO O!RS4 

,BUT TO PRODUCE TOBACCO1 W9E1 HA%I%1 & OPIUM1 ! LABOR ( MILLIONS ( M5 IS SP5T1 & MILLIONS & MILLIONS ( ACRES ( ! BE/ L& 7(T5 AMID A POPULATION ?AT IS %ORT ( L&7 >E EMPLOY$ TO GR[ POTATOES1 HEMP1 POPPIES1 V9ES1 & TOBACCO4 

,MOREOV]1 ! USE ( !SE EVID5TLY H>MFUL ?+S PRODUCES T]RIBLE EVILS KN[N & ADMITT$ BY EV]YONE1 & DE/ROYS MORE PEOPLE ?AN ALL ! W>S & CONTAGI\S DISEASES ADD$ TOGE!R4 ,& PEOPLE KN[ ?IS1 SO ?AT !Y CANNOT REALLY USE !SE ?+S 'TO :ILE AWAY TIME1' 'TO *E] !MSELVES UP1' OR BECAUSE 'EV]YBODY DOES IT4' 

,!RE MU/ BE SOME O!R REASON4 ,CONT9UALLY & EV]Y:]E ONE MEETS PEOPLE :O LOVE !IR *ILDR5 & >E READY TO MAKE ALL K9DS ( SACRIFICES = !M1 BUT :O YET SP5D ON VODKA1 W9E & BE]1 OR ON OPIUM1 HA%I%1 OR EV5 TOBACCO1 AS MU* AS W\LD QUITE SUFFICE TO FE$ !IR HUNGRY & POV]TY-/RICK5 *ILDR51 OR AT LEA/ AS MU* AS W\LD SUFFICE TO SAVE !M FROM MIS]Y4 

,EVID5TLY IF A MAN :O HAS TO *OOSE BETWE5 ! WANT & SUFF]+S ( A FAMILY HE LOVES ON ! ONE H&1 & AB/95CE FROM /UPEFY+ ?+S ON ! O!R1 *OOSES ! =M] -- HE MU/ BE 9DUC$ !RETO BY SOME?+ MORE POT5T ?AN ! CONSID]ATION ?AT EV]YBODY DOES IT1 OR ?AT IT IS PLEASANT4 ,EVID5TLY IT IS DONE NOT 'TO :ILE AWAY TIME1' NOR M]ELY 'TO *E] HIMSELF UP4' ,HE IS ACTUAT$ BY SOME MORE P[]FUL CAUSE4 

,?IS CAUSE -- AS F> AS ,I HAVE DETECT$ IT BY READ+ AB\T ?IS SUBJECT & BY OBS]V+ O!R PEOPLE1 & P>TICUL>LY BY OBS]V+ MY [N CASE :5 ,I US$ TO DR9K W9E & SMOKE TOBACCO -- ?IS CAUSE1 ,I ?9K1 MAY BE EXPLA9$ AS FOLL[S3 

,:5 OBS]V+ HIS [N LIFE1 A MAN MAY (T5 NOTICE 9 HIMSELF TWO DIFF]5T BE+S3 ! ONE IS BL9D & PHYSICAL1 ! O!R SEES & IS SPIRITUAL4 ,! BL9D ANIMAL BE+ EATS1 DR9KS1 RE/S1 SLEEPS1 PROPAGATES1 & MOVES1 LIKE A W\ND-UP MA*9E4 ,! SEE+1 SPIRITUAL BE+ ?AT IS B\ND UP ) ! ANIMAL DOES NO?+ ( ITSELF1 BUT ONLY APPRAISES ! ACTIVITY ( ! ANIMAL BE+2 CO9CID+ ) IT :5 APPROV+ ITS ACTIVITY1 & DIV]G+ FROM IT :5 DISAPPROV+4 

,?IS OBS]V+ BE+ MAY BE COMP>$ TO ! NE$LE ( A COMPASS1 PO9T+ ) ONE 5D TO ! NOR? & ) ! O!R TO ! S\?1 BUT SCRE5$ ALONG ITS :OLE L5G? BY SOME?+ NOT NOTICEABLE SO LONG AS IT & ! NE$LE BO? PO9T ! SAME WAY2 BUT :I* BECOMES OBVI\S AS SOON AS !Y PO9T DIFF]5T WAYS4 

,9 ! SAME MANN] ! SEE+1 SPIRITUAL BE+1 :OSE MANIFE/ATION WE COMMONLY CALL CONSCI5CE1 ALWAYS PO9TS ) ONE 5D T[>DS RI<T & ) ! O!R T[>DS WRONG1 & WE DO NOT NOTICE IT :ILE WE FOLL[ ! C\RSE IT %[S3 ! C\RSE FROM WRONG TO RI<T4 ,BUT ONE NE$ ONLY DO SOME?+ CONTR>Y TO ! 9DICATION ( CONSCI5CE TO BECOME AW>E ( ?IS SPIRITUAL BE+1 :I* !N %[S H[ ! ANIMAL ACTIVITY HAS DIV]G$ FROM ! DIRECTION 9DICAT$ BY CONSCI5CE4 

,& AS A NAVIGATOR CONSCI\S ?AT HE IS ON ! WRONG TRACK CANNOT CONT9UE TO WORK ! O>S1 5G9E1 OR SAILS1 TILL HE HAS ADJU/$ HIS C\RSE TO ! 9DICATIONS ( ! COMPASS1 OR HAS OBLIT]AT$ HIS CONSCI\SNESS ( ?IS DIV]G5CE--EA* MAN :O HAS FELT ! DUALITY ( HIS ANIMAL ACTIVITY & HIS CONSCI5CE CAN CONT9UE HIS ACTIVITY ONLY BY ADJU/+ ?AT ACTIVITY TO ! DEM&S ( CONSCI5CE1 OR BY HID+ FROM HIMSELF ! 9DICATIONS CONSCI5CE GIVES HIM ( ! WRONGNESS ( HIS ANIMAL LIFE4 

,ALL HUMAN LIFE1 WE MAY SAY1 CONSI/S SOLELY ( !SE TWO ACTIVITIES3 

BR++ ONE'S ACTIVITIES 9TO H>MONY ) CONSCI5CE1 OR 
HID+ FROM ONESELF ! 9DICATIONS ( CONSCI5CE 9 ORD] TO BE ABLE TO CONT9UE TO LIVE AS BE=E4 

,SOME DO ! FIR/1 O!RS ! SECOND4 ,TO ATTA9 ! FIR/ !RE IS BUT ONE MEANS3 MORAL 5LI<T5M5T -- ! 9CREASE ( LI<T 9 ONESELF & ATT5TION TO :AT IT %[S4 ,TO ATTA9 ! SECOND -- TO HIDE FROM ONESELF ! 9DICATIONS ( CONSCI5CE--!RE >E TWO MEANS3 ONE EXT]NAL & ! O!R 9T]NAL4 ,! EXT]NAL MEANS CONSI/S 9 OCCUPATIONS ?AT DIV]T ONE'S ATT5TION FROM ! 9DICATIONS GIV5 BY CONSCI5CE2 ! 9T]NAL ME?OD CONSI/S 9 D>K5+ CONSCI5CE ITSELF4 

,AS A MAN HAS TWO WAYS ( AVOID+ SEE+ AN OBJECT ?AT IS BE=E HIM3 EI!R BY DIV]T+ HIS SI<T TO O!R MORE /RIK+ OBJECTS1 OR BY OB/RUCT+ ! SI<T ( HIS [N EYES--JU/ SO A MAN CAN HIDE FROM HIMSELF ! 9DICATIONS ( CONSCI5CE 9 TWO WAYS3 EI!R BY ! EXT]NAL ME?OD ( DIV]T+ HIS ATT5TION TO V>I\S OCCUPATIONS1 C>ES1 AMUSEM5TS1 OR GAMES2 OR BY ! 9T]NAL ME?OD ( OB/RUCT+ ! ORGAN ( ATT5TION ITSELF4.<#a.> 

,= PEOPLE ( DULL1 LIMIT$ MORAL FEEL+1 ! EXT]NAL DIV]SIONS >E (T5 QUITE SUFFICI5T TO 5ABLE !M NOT TO P]CEIVE ! 9DICATIONS CONSCI5CE GIVES ( ! WRONGNESS ( !IR LIVES4 ,BUT = MORALLY S5SITIVE PEOPLE ?OSE MEANS >E (T5 9SUFFICI5T4 

,! EXT]NAL MEANS DO NOT QUITE DIV]T ATT5TION FROM ! CONSCI\SNESS ( DISCORD BETWE5 ONE'S LIFE & ! DEM&S ( CONSCI5CE4 ,?IS CONSCI\SNESS HAMP]S ONE'S LIFE2 & 9 ORD] TO BE ABLE TO GO ON LIV+ AS BE=E1 PEOPLE HAVE REC\RSE TO ! RELIABLE1 9T]NAL ME?OD1 :I* IS ?AT ( D>K5+ CONSCI5CE ITSELF BY POISON+ ! BRA9 ) /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES4 

,ONE IS NOT LIV+ AS CONSCI5CE DEM&S1 YET LACKS ! /R5G? TO RE%APE ONE'S LIFE 9 ACCORD ) ITS DEM&S4 ,! DIV]SIONS :I* MI<T DI/RACT ATT5TION FROM ! CONSCI\SNESS ( ?IS DISCORD >E 9SUFFICI5T1 OR HAVE BECOME /ALE1 & SO--9 ORD] TO BE ABLE TO LIVE ON1 DISREG>D+ ! 9DICATIONS CONSCI5CE GIVES ( ! WRONGNESS ( !IR LIFE--PEOPLE 7BY POISON+ IT TEMPOR>ILY7 /OP ! ACTIVITY ( ! ORGAN .<! BRA9.> ?R\< :I* CONSCI5CE MANIFE/S ITSELF1 AS A MAN BY COV]+ HIS EYES HIDES FROM HIMSELF :AT HE DOES NOT WI% TO SEE4 

O ,*APT] #b 

,! CAUSE ( ! WORLD-WIDE CONSUMPTION ( HA%I%1 OPIUM1 W9E1 & TOBACCO1 LIES NOT 9 ! TA/E1 NOR 9 ANY PLEASURE1 RECREATION1 OR MIR? !Y AF=D1 BUT SIMPLY 9 MAN'S NE$ TO HIDE FROM HIMSELF ! DEM&S ( CONSCI5CE4 

,I WAS GO+ ALONG ! /REET ONE DAY1 & PASS+ SOME CABM5 :O W]E TALK+1 ,I HE>D ONE ( !M SAY3 ',( C\RSE :5 A MAN'S SOB] HE'S A%AM$ TO DO IT6' 

,:5 A MAN IS SOB] HE IS A%AM$ ( :AT SEEMS ALL RI<T :5 HE IS DRUNK4 ,9 !SE WORDS WE HAVE ! ESS5TIAL UND]LY+ CAUSE PROMPT+ M5 TO RESORT TO /UPEFI]S4 ,PEOPLE RESORT TO !M EI!R TO ESCAPE FEEL+ A%AM$ AFT] HAV+ DONE SOME?+ CONTR>Y TO !IR CONSCI5CES1 OR TO BR+ !MSELVES BE=EH& 9TO A /ATE 9 :I* !Y CAN COMMIT ACTIONS CONTR>Y TO CONSCI5CE1 BUT TO :I* !IR ANIMAL NATURE PROMPTS !M4 

,A MAN :5 SOB] IS A%AM$ TO GO AFT] A PRO/ITUTE1 A%AM$ TO /EAL1 A%AM$ TO KILL4 ,A DRUNK5 MAN IS A%AM$ ( NONE ( !SE ?+S1 & !RE=E IF A MAN WI%ES TO DO SOME?+ HIS CONSCI5CE CONDEMNS HE /UPEFIES HIMSELF4 

,I REMEMB] BE+ /RUCK BY ! EVID5CE ( A COOK :O WAS TRI$ = MURD]+ A RELATION ( M9E1 AN OLD LADY 9 :OSE S]VICE HE LIV$4 ,HE RELAT$ ?AT :5 HE HAD S5T AWAY HIS P>AM\R1 ! S]VANT-GIRL1 & ! TIME HAD COME TO ACT1 HE WI%$ TO GO 9TO ! B$ROOM ) A KNIFE1 BUT FELT ?AT :ILE SOB] HE C\LD NOT COMMIT ! DE$ HE HAD PLANN$444':5 A MAN'S SOB] HE'S A%AM$4' ,HE TURN$ BACK1 DRANK TWO TUMBL]S ( VODKA HE HAD PREP>$ BE=EH&1 & ONLY !N FELT HIMSELF READY1 & COMMITT$ ! CRIME4 

,N9E-T5?S ( ! CRIMES >E COMMITT$ 9 ?AT WAY3 ',DR9K TO KEEP UP Y\R C\RAGE4' 

,HALF ! WOM5 :O FALL DO SO UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( W9E4 ,NE>LY ALL VISITS TO DISORD]LY H\SES >E PAID BY M5 :O >E 9TOXICAT$4 ,PEOPLE KN[ ?IS CAPACITY ( W9E TO /IFLE ! VOICE ( CONSCI5CE1 & 9T5TIONALLY USE IT = ?AT PURPOSE4 

,NOT ONLY DO PEOPLE /UPEFY !MSELVES TO /IFLE !IR [N CONSCI5CES1 BUT1 KN[+ H[ W9E ACTS1 !Y 9T5TIONALLY /UPEFY O!RS :5 !Y WI% TO MAKE !M COMMIT ACTIONS CONTR>Y TO CONSCI5CE--?AT IS1 !Y >RANGE TO /UPEFY PEOPLE 9 ORD] TO DEPRIVE !M ( CONSCI5CE4 

,9 W>1 SOLDI]S >E USUALLY 9TOXICAT$ BE=E A H&-TO-H& FI<T4 ,ALL ! ,FR5* SOLDI]S 9 ! ASSAULTS ON ,SEVA/OPOL W]E DRUNK4 

,:5 A =TIFI$ PLACE HAS BE5 CAPTUR$ BUT ! SOLDI]S DO NOT SACK IT & SLAY ! DEF5SELESS OLD M5 & *ILDR51 ORD]S >E (T5 GIV5 TO MAKE !M DRUNK & !N !Y DO :AT IS EXPECT$ ( !M4.<#b.> 

,EV]YONE KN[S PEOPLE :O HAVE TAK5 TO DR9K 9 CONSEQU5CE ( SOME WRONG-DO+ ?AT HAS TORM5T$ !IR CONSCI5CE4 ,ANYONE CAN NOTICE ?AT ?OSE :O LEAD IMMORAL LIVES >E MORE ATTRACT$ ?AN O!RS BY /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES4 ,B&S ( ROBB]S OR ?IEVES1 & PRO/ITUTES1 CANNOT LIVE )\T 9TOXICANTS4 

,EV]YONE KN[S & ADMITS ?AT ! USE ( /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES IS A CONSEQU5CE ( ! PANGS ( CONSCI5CE1 & ?AT 9 C]TA9 IMMORAL WAYS ( LIFE /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES >E EMPLOY$ TO /IFLE CONSCI5CE4 ,EV]YONE KN[S & ADMITS ALSO ?AT ! USE ( /UPEFI]S DOES /IFLE CONSCI5CE3 ?AT A DRUNK5 MAN IS CAPABLE ( DE$S ( :I* :5 SOB] HE W\LD NOT ?9K = A MOM5T4 

,EV]YONE AGREES TO ?IS1 BUT /RANGE TO SAY :5 ! USE ( /UPEFI]S DOES NOT RESULT 9 SU* DE$S AS !FTS1 MURD]S1 VIOLATIONS1 & SO =? -- :5 /UPEFI]S >E TAK5 NOT AFT] SOME T]RIBLE CRIMES1 BUT BY M5 FOLL[+ PR(ESSIONS :I* WE DO NOT CONSID] CRIM9AL1 & :5 ! SUB/ANCES >E CONSUM$ NOT 9 L>GE QUANTITIES AT ONCE BUT CONT9UALLY 9 MOD]ATE DOSES -- !N IT IS ASSUM$ ?AT /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES HAVE NO T5D5CY TO /IFLE CONSCI5CE4 

,?US IT IS SUPPOS$ ?AT A WELL-TO-DO ,RUSSIAN'S GLASS ( VODKA BE=E EA* MEAL & TUMBL] ( W9E ) ! MEAL1 OR A ,FR5*MAN'S ABS9!1 OR AN ,5GLI%MAN'S PORT W9E & PORT]1 OR A ,G]MAN'S LAG]-BE]1 OR A WELL-TO-DO ,*9AMAN'S MOD]ATE DOSE ( OPIUM1 & ! SMOK+ ( TOBACCO ) !M -- IS DONE ONLY = PLEASURE & HAS NO EFFECT :ATEV] ON !SE PEOPLE'S CONSCI5CES4 

,IT IS SUPPOS$ ?AT IF AFT] ?IS CU/OM>Y /UPEFACTION NO CRIME IS COMMITT$ -- NO !FT OR MURD]1 BUT ONLY CU/OM>Y BAD & /UPID ACTIONS -- !N !SE ACTIONS HAVE OCCURR$ ( !MSELVES & >E NOT EVOK$ BY ! /UPEFACTION4 ,IT IS SUPPOS$ ?AT IF !SE PEOPLE HAVE NOT COMMITT$ (F5SES AGA9/ ! CRIM9AL LAW !Y HAVE NO NE$ TO /IFLE ! VOICE ( CONSCI5CE1 & ?AT ! LIFE L$ BY PEOPLE :O HABITUALLY /UPEFY !MSELVES IS QUITE A GOOD LIFE1 & W\LD BE PRECISELY ! SAME IF !Y DID NOT /UPEFY !MSELVES4 ,IT IS SUPPOS$ ?AT ! CON/ANT USE ( /UPEFI]S DOES NOT 9 ! LEA/ D>K5 !IR CONSCI5CES4 

,?\< EV]YBODY KN[S BY EXP]I5CE ?AT A MAN'S FRAME ( M9D IS ALT]$ BY ! USE ( W9E OR TOBACCO1 ?AT HE IS NOT A%AM$ ( ?+S :I* BUT = ! /IMULANT HE W\LD BE A%AM$ (1 ?AT AFT] EA* TW+E ( CONSCI5CE1 H[EV] SLI<T1 HE IS 9CL9$ TO HAVE REC\RSE TO SOME /UPEFI]1 & ?AT UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( /UPEFI]S IT IS DIFFICULT TO REFLECT ON HIS LIFE & POSITION1 & ?AT ! CON/ANT & REGUL> USE ( /UPEFI]S PRODUCES ! SAME PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECT AS ITS OCCASIONAL IMMOD]ATE USE DOES--YET 9 SPITE ( ALL ?IS IT SEEMS TO M5 :O DR9K & SMOKE MOD]ATELY ?AT !Y USE /UPEFI]S NOT AT ALL TO /IFLE CONSCI5CE1 BUT ONLY = ! FLAVOR OR = PLEASURE4 

,BUT ONE NE$ ONLY ?9K ( ! MATT] S]I\SLY & IMP>TIALLY -- NOT TRY+ TO EXCUSE ONESELF -- TO UND]/&1 

FIR/1 ?AT IF ! USE ( /UPEFI]S 9 L>GE OCCASIONAL DOSES /IFLES MAN'S CONSCI5CE1 !IR REGUL> USE MU/ HAVE A LIKE EFFECT 7ALWAYS FIR/ 9T5SIFY+ & !N DULL+ ! ACTIVITY ( ! BRA97 :E!R !Y >E TAK5 9 L>GE OR SMALL DOSES4 
SECONDLY1 ?AT ALL /UPEFI]S HAVE ! QUALITY ( /IFL+ CONSCI5CE1 & HAVE ?IS ALWAYS .<9H]5TLY.>--BO? :5 UND] !IR 9FLU5CE MURD]S1 ROBB]IES1 & VIOLATIONS >E COMMITT$1 & :5 UND] !IR 9FLU5CE WORDS >E SPOK5 :I* W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 SPOK51 OR ?+S >E ?\<T & FELT :I* BUT = !M W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 ?\<T & FELT2 &1 
?IRDLY1 ?AT IF ! USE ( /UPEFI]S  IS NE$$ TO PACIFY & /IFLE ! CONSCI5CES ( ?IEVES1 ROBB]S1 & PRO/ITUTES1 IT IS ALSO WANT$ BY PEOPLE 5GAG$ 9 OCCUPATIONS CONDEMN$ BY !IR [N CONSCI5CES1 EV5 ?\< !SE OCCUPATIONS MAY BE CONSID]$ PROP] & HONORABLE BY O!R PEOPLE4 

,9 A WORD1 IT IS IMPOSSIBLE TO AVOID UND]/&+ ?AT ?AT ! USE ( /UPEFI]S1 9 L>GE OR SMALL AM\NTS1 OCCASIONALLY OR REGUL>LY1 9 ! HI<] OR L[] CIRCLES ( SOCIETY1 IS EVOK$ BY & ! SAME CAUSE1 ! NE$ TO /IFLE ! VOICE ( CONSCI5CE 9 ORD] NOT TO BE AW>E ( ! DISCORD EXI/+ BETWE5 ONE'S WAY ( LIFE & ! DEM&S ( ONE'S CONSCI5CE4 

O ,*APT] #c 

,9 ?AT ALONE LIES ! REASON ( ! WIDESPREAD USE ( ALL /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES1 & AMONG ! RE/ ( TOBACCO--PROBABLY ! MO/ G5]ALLY US$ & MO/ H>MFUL4 

,IT IS SUPPOS$ ?AT TOBACCO *E]S ONE UP1 CLE>S ! ?\<TS1 & ATTRACTS ONE M]ELY LIKE ANY O!R HABIT--)\T AT ALL PRODUC+ ! DEAD5+ ( CONSCI5CE PRODUC$ BY W9E4 

,BUT Y\ NE$ ONLY OBS]VE ATT5TIVELY ! CONDITIONS UND] :I* A SPECIAL DESIRE TO SMOKE >ISES1 & Y\ WILL BE CONV9C$ ?AT /UPEFY+ ) TOBACCO ACTS ON ! CONSCI5CE AS W9E DOES1 & ?AT PEOPLE CONSCI\SLY HAVE REC\RSE TO ?IS ME?OD ( /UPEFACTION JU/ :5 !Y REQUIRE IT = ?AT PURPOSE4 

,IF TOBACCO M]ELY CLE>$ ! ?\<TS & *E]$ ONE UP1 !RE W\LD NOT BE SU* A PASSIONATE CRAV+ = IT1 A CRAV+ %[+ ITSELF JU/ ON C]TA9 DEF9ITE OCCASIONS4 ,PEOPLE W\LD NOT SAY1 AS !Y DO1 ?AT !Y W\LD RA!R GO )\T BREAD ?AN )\T TOBACCO1 & W\LD NOT (T5 ACTUALLY PREF] TOBACCO TO FOOD4 

,?AT COOK :O MURD]$ HIS MI/RESS SAID ?AT :5 HE 5T]$ ! B$ROOM & HAD GA%$ H] ?ROAT ) HIS KNIFE & %E HAD FALL5 ) A RATTLE 9 H] ?ROAT & ! BLOOD HAD GU%$ \T 9 A TORR5T--HE LO/ HIS C\RAGE4 0,I C\LD NOT F9I% H] (F10 HE SAID1 0BUT ,I W5T BACK FROM ! B$ROOM TO ! SITT+-ROOM & SAT D[N !RE & SMOK$ A CIG>ETTE40 

,ONLY AFT] /UPEFY+ HIMSELF ) TOBACCO WAS HE ABLE TO RETURN TO ! B$ROOM1 F9I% CUTT+ ! OLD LADY'S ?ROAT1 & BEG9 EXAM9+ H] ?+S4 

,EVID5TLY ! DESIRE TO SMOKE AT ?AT MOM5T WAS EVOK$ 9 HIM1 NOT BY A WI% TO CLE> HIS ?\<TS OR BE M]RY1 BUT BY ! NE$ TO /IFLE SOME?+ ?AT PREV5T$ HIM FROM COMPLET+ :AT HE HAD PLANN$ TO DO4 

,ANY SMOK] MAY DETECT 9 HIMSELF ! SAME DEF9ITE DESIRE TO /UPEFY HIMSELF ) TOBACCO AT C]TA9 SPECIALLY DIFFICULT MOM5TS4 

,I LOOK BACK AT ! DAYS :5 ,I US$ TO SMOKE3 :5 WAS IT ?AT ,I FELT A SPECIAL NE$ ( TOBACCO8 ,IT WAS ALWAYS AT MOM5TS :5 ,I DID NOT WI% TO REMEMB] C]TA9 ?+S ?AT PRES5T$ !MSELVES TO MY RECOLLECTION1 :5 ,I WI%$ TO =GET--NOT TO ?9K4 

,I SIT BY MYSELF DO+ NO?+ & KN[ ,I \<T TO SET TO WORK1 BUT ,I DON'T FEEL 9CL9$ TO1 SO ,I SMOKE & GO ON SITT+4 
,I HAVE PROMIS$ TO BE AT SOMEONE'S H\SE BY FIVE O'CLOCK1 BUT ,I HAVE /AY$ TOO LONG SOME:]E ELSE4 ,I REMEMB] ?AT ,I HAVE MISS$ ! APPO9TM5T1 BUT ,I DO NOT LIKE TO REMEMB] IT1 SO ,I SMOKE4 
,I GET VEX$ & SAY UNPLEASANT ?+S TO SOMEONE1 & KN[ ,I AM DO+ WRONG & SEE ?AT ,I \<T TO /OP1 BUT ,I WANT TO GIVE V5T TO MY IRRITABILITY--SO ,I SMOKE & CONT9UE TO BE IRRITABLE4 
,I PLAY AT C>DS & LOSE MORE ?AN ,I 9T5D$ TO RISK -- SO ,I SMOKE4 
,I HAVE PLAC$ MYSELF 9 AN AWKW>D POSITION1 HAVE ACT$ BADLY1 HAVE MADE A MI/AKE1 & \<T TO ACKN[L$GE ! MESS ,I AM 9 & ?US ESCAPE FROM IT1 BUT ,I DO NOT LIKE TO ACKN[L$GE IT1 SO ,I ACCUSE O!RS -- & SMOKE4 
,I WRITE SOME?+ & AM NOT QUITE SATISFI$ ) :AT ,I HAVE WRITT54 ,I \<T TO AB&ON IT1 BUT ,I WI% TO F9I% :AT ,I HAVE PLANN$ TO DO  --SO ,I SMOKE4 
,I DISPUTE1 & SEE ?AT MY OPPON5T & ,I DO NOT UND]/& & CANNOT UND]/& ONE ANO!R1 BUT ,I WI% TO EXPRESS MY OP9ION1 SO ,I CONT9UE TO TALK -- & ,I SMOKE4 

,:AT DI/+UI%ES TOBACCO FROM MO/ O!R /UPEFI]S1 BESIDES ! EASE ) :I* ONE CAN /UPEFY ONESELF ) IT & ITS APP>5T H>MLESSNESS1 IS ITS PORTABILITY & ! POSSIBILITY ( APPLY+ IT TO MEET SMALL1 ISOLAT$ OCCURR5CES ?AT DI/URB ONE4 

,NOT TO M5TION ?AT ! USE ( OPIUM1 W9E1 & HA%I% 9VOLVES ! USE ( C]TA9 APPLIANCES NOT ALWAYS AT H&1 :ILE ONE CAN ALWAYS C>RY TOBACCO & PAP] ) ONE2 & ?AT ! OPIUM-SMOK] & ! DRUNK>D EVOKE HORROR :ILE A TOBACCO-SMOK] DOES NOT SEEM AT ALL REPULSIVE--! ADVANTAGE ( TOBACCO OV] O!R /UPEFI]S IS1 ?AT ! /UPEFACTION ( OPIUM1 HA%I%1 OR W9E EXT5DS TO ALL ! S5SATIONS & ACTS RECEIV$ OR PRODUC$ DUR+ A C]TA9 SOME:AT EXT5D$ P]IOD ( TIME--:ILE ! /UPEFACTION FROM TOBACCO CAN BE DIRECT$ TO ANY SEP>ATE OCCURR5CE4 

  
,Y\ WI% TO DO :AT Y\ \<T NOT TO1 SO Y\ SMOKE A CIG>ETTE & /UPEFY Y\RSELF SUFFICI5TLY TO 5ABLE Y\ TO DO :AT %\LD NOT BE DONE1 & !N Y\ >E .<SUPPOS$LY.> ALL RI<T AGA91 & CAN ?9K & SPEAK CLE>LY2 OR Y\ FEEL Y\ HAVE DONE :AT Y\ %\LD NOT--AGA9 Y\ SMOKE A CIG>ETTE & ! UNPLEASANT CONSCI\SNESS ( ! WRONG OR AWKW>D ACTION IS OBLIT]AT$1 & Y\ CAN OCCUPY Y\RSELF ) O!R ?+S & =GET IT4 

,BUT AP>T FROM 9DIVIDUAL CASES 9 :I* EV]Y SMOK] HAS REC\RSE TO SMOK+1 NOT TO SATISFY A HABIT OR :ILE AWAY TIME1 BUT AS A MEANS ( /IFL+ HIS CONSCI5CE ) REF]5CE TO ACTS HE IS AB\T TO COMMIT OR HAS ALREADY COMMITT$1 IS IT NOT QUITE EVID5T ?AT !RE IS A /RICT & DEF9ITE RELATION BETWE5 M5'S WAY ( LIFE & !IR PASSION = SMOK+8 

,:5 DO LADS BEG9 TO SMOKE8 ,USUALLY :5 !Y LOSE !IR *ILDI% 9NOC5CE4 ,H[ IS IT ?AT SMOK]S CAN AB&ON SMOK+ :5 !Y COME AMONG MORE MORAL CONDITIONS ( LIFE1 & AGA9 />T SMOK+ AS SOON AS !Y FALL AMONG A DEPRAV$ SET8 ,:Y DO GAMBL]S ALMO/ ALL SMOKE8 ,:Y AMONG WOM5 DO ?OSE :O LEAD A REGUL> LIFE SMOKE LEA/8 ,:Y DO PRO/ITUTES & MADM5 ALL SMOKE8 

,HABIT IS HABIT1 BUT EVID5TLY SMOK+ /&S 9 SOME DEF9ITE CONNECTION ) ! CRAV+ TO /IFLE CONSCI5CE1 & A*IEVES ! 5D REQUIR$ ( IT4 

,ONE MAY OBS]VE 9 ! CASE ( ALMO/ EV]Y SMOK] TO :AT AN EXT5T SMOK+ DR[NS ! VOICE ( CONSCI5CE4 ,EV]Y SMOK] :5 YIELD+ TO HIS DESIRE =GETS1 OR SETS AT NAU<T1 ! V]Y FIR/ DEM&S ( SOCIAL LIFE--DEM&S HE EXPECTS O!RS TO OBS]VE1 & :I* HE OBS]VES 9 ALL O!R CASES UNTIL HIS CONSCI5CE IS /IFL$ BY TOBACCO4 

,EV]YONE ( AV]AGE $UCATION CONSID]S IT 9ADMISSIBLE1 ILL-BR$1 & 9HUMANE TO 9FR+E ! PEACE1 COM=T1 & /ILL MORE ! HEAL? ( O!RS = HIS [N PLEASURE4 ,NO ONE W\LD ALL[ HIMSELF TO WET A ROOM 9 :I* PEOPLE >E SITT+1 OR TO MAKE A NOISE1 %\T1 LET 9 COLD1 HOT1 OR ILL-SMELL+ AIR1 OR COMMIT ACTS ?AT 9COMMODE OR H>M O!RS4 ,BUT \T ( A ?\S& SMOK]S NOT ONE WILL %R9K FROM PRODUC+ UN:OLESOME SMOKE 9 A ROOM :]E ! AIR IS BREA!D BY NONSMOK+ WOM5 & *ILDR54 

,IF SMOK]S DO USUALLY SAY TO ?OSE PRES5T3 0,Y\ DON'T OBJECT80 EV]YONE KN[S ?AT ! CU/OM>Y ANSW] IS3 0,NOT AT ALL0 7AL?\< IT CANNOT BE PLEASANT TO A NONSMOK] TO BREA! TA9T$ AIR1 & TO F9D /9K+ CIG> 5DS 9 GLASSES & CUPS OR ON PLATES & C&LE/ICKS1 OR EV5 9 A%PANS74.<#c.> 

,BUT EV5 IF NONSMOK+ ADULTS DID NOT OBJECT TO TOBACCO SMOKE1 IT C\LD NOT BE PLEASANT OR GOOD = ! *ILDR5 :OSE CONS5T NO ONE ASKS4 ,YET PEOPLE :O >E HONORABLE & HUMANE 9 ALL O!R RESPECTS SMOKE 9 ! PRES5CE ( *ILDR5 AT D9N] 9 SMALL ROOMS1 VITIAT+ ! AIR ) TOBACCO SMOKE1 )\T FEEL+ ! SLI<TE/ TW+E ( CONSCI5CE4 

,IT IS USUALLY SAID 7& ,I US$ TO SAY7 ?AT SMOK+ FACILITATES M5TAL WORK4 ,& ?AT IS UND\BT$LY TRUE IF ONE CONSID]S ONLY ! QUANTITY ( ONE'S M5TAL \TPUT4 ,TO A MAN :O SMOKES1 & :O CONSEQU5TLY CEASES /RICTLY TO APPRAISE & WEI< HIS ?\<TS1 IT SEEMS AS IF HE SUDD5LY HAD MANY ?\<TS4 ,BUT ?IS IS NOT BECAUSE HE REALLY HAS MANY ?\<TS1 BUT ONLY BECAUSE HE HAS LO/ CONTROL ( HIS ?\<TS4 

,:5 A MAN WORKS HE IS ALWAYS CONSCI\S ( TWO BE+S 9 HIMSELF3 ! ONE WORKS1 ! O!R APPRAISES ! WORK4 ,! /RICT] ! APPRAISEM5T ! SL[] & ! BETT] IS ! WORK2 & VICE V]SA1 :5 ! APPRAIS] IS UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( SOME?+ ?AT /UPEFIES HIM1 MORE WORK GETS DONE1 BUT ITS QUALITY IS POOR]4 

0,IF ,I DO NOT SMOKE ,I CANNOT WRITE4 ,I CANNOT GET ON2 ,I BEG9 & CANNOT CONT9UE10 IS :AT IS USUALLY SAID1 & :AT ,I US$ TO SAY4 ,:AT DOES IT REALLY MEAN8 ,IT MEANS EI!R ?AT Y\ HAVE NO?+ TO WRITE1 OR ?AT :AT Y\ WI% TO WRITE HAS NOT YET MATUR$ 9 Y\R CONSCI\SNESS BUT IS ONLY BEG9N+ DIMLY TO PRES5T ITSELF TO Y\1 & ! APPRAIS+ CRITIC )91 :5 NOT /UPEFI$ ) TOBACCO1 TELLS Y\ SO4 ,IF Y\ DID NOT SMOKE1 Y\ W\LD EI!R AB&ON :AT Y\ HAVE BEGUN1 OR Y\ W\LD WAIT UNTIL Y\R ?\<T HAS CLE>$ ITSELF 9 Y\R M9D2 Y\ W\LD TRY TO P5ETRATE 9TO :AT PRES5TS ITSELF DIMLY TO Y\1 W\LD CONSID] ! OBJECTIONS ?AT (F] !MSELVES1 & W\LD TURN ALL Y\R ATT5TION TO ! ELUCIDATION ( ! ?\<T4 

,BUT Y\ SMOKE1 ! CRITIC )9 Y\ IS /UPEFI$1 & ! H9DRANCE TO Y\R WORK IS REMOV$4 ,:AT SEEM$ 9SIGNIFICANT TO Y\ :5 NOT 9EBRIAT$ BY TOBACCO1 AGA9 SEEMS IMPORTANT2 :AT SEEM$ OBSCURE NO LONG] SEEMS SO2 ! OBJECTIONS ?AT PRES5T$ !MSELVES VANI% & Y\ CONT9UE TO WRITE1 & WRITE MU* & RAPIDLY4 

O ,*APT] #d 

,BUT CAN SU* A SMALL--SU* A TRIFL+--ALT]ATION AS ! SLI<T 9TOXICATION PRODUC$ BY ! MOD]ATE USE ( W9E OR TOBACCO PRODUCE IMPORTANT CONSEQU5CES8 

0,IF A MAN SMOKES OPIUM OR HA%I%1 OR 9TOXICATES HIMSELF ) W9E TILL HE FALLS D[N & LOSES HIS S5SES1 ( C\RSE ! CONSEQU5CES MAY BE V]Y S]I\S2 BUT IT SURELY CANNOT HAVE ANY S]I\S CONSEQU5CES IF A MAN M]ELY COMES SLI<TLY UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( HOPS OR TOBACCO10 IS :AT IS USUALLY SAID4 

,IT SEEMS TO PEOPLE ?AT A SLI<T /UPEFACTION1 A LITTLE D>K5+ ( ! JUDGM5T1 CANNOT HAVE ANY IMPORTANT 9FLU5CE4 ,BUT TO ?9K SO IS LIKE SUPPOS+ ?AT IT MAY H>M A WAT* TO BE /RUCK AGA9/ A /ONE1 BUT ?AT A LITTLE DIRT 9TRODUC$ 9TO IT CANNOT BE H>MFUL4 

,REMEMB]1 H[EV]1 ?AT ! *IEF WORK ACTUAT+ MAN'S :OLE LIFE IS NOT DONE BY HIS H&S1 HIS FEET1 OR HIS BACK1 BUT BY HIS CONSCI\SNESS4 ,BE=E A MAN CAN DO ANY?+ ) HIS FEET OR H&S1 A C]TA9 ALT]ATION HAS FIR/ TO TAKE PLACE 9 HIS CONSCI\SNESS4 ,& ?IS ALT]ATION DEF9ES ALL ! SUBSEQU5T MOVEM5TS ( ! MAN4 ,YET !SE ALT]ATIONS >E ALWAYS M9UTE & ALMO/ IMP]CEPTIBLE4 

,BRYULLOV ONE DAY CORRECT$ A PUPIL'S /UDY4 ,! PUPIL1 HAV+ GLANC$ AT ! ALT]$ DRAW+1 EXCLAIM$3 0,:Y1 Y\ ONLY T\*$ IT A T9Y BIT1 BUT IT IS QUITE ANO!R ?+40 ,BRYULLOV REPLI$3 0,>T BEG9S :]E ! T9Y BIT BEG9S40 

,?AT SAY+ IS /RIK+LY TRUE NOT ONLY ( >T BUT ( ALL LIFE4 ,ONE MAY SAY ?AT TRUE LIFE BEG9S :]E ! T9Y BIT BEG9S -- :]E :AT SEEM TO US M9UTE & 9F9ITELY SMALL ALT]ATIONS TAKE PLACE4 ,TRUE LIFE IS NOT LIV$ :]E GREAT EXT]NAL *ANGES TAKE PLACE -- :]E PEOPLE MOVE AB\T1 CLA%1 FI<T1 & SLAY ONE ANO!R -- IT IS LIV$ ONLY :]E !SE T9Y1 T9Y1 9F9ITESIMALLY SMALL *ANGES OCCUR4 

,RASKOLNIKOV DID NOT LIVE HIS TRUE LIFE :5 HE MURD]$ ! OLD WOMAN OR H] SI/]4 ,:5 MURD]+ ! OLD WOMAN H]SELF1 & /ILL MORE :5 MURD]+ H] SI/]1 HE DID NOT LIVE HIS TRUE LIFE1 BUT ACT$ LIKE A MA*9E1 DO+ :AT HE C\LD NOT HELP DO+--DIS*>G+ ! C>TRIDGE ) :I* HE HAD LONG BE5 LOAD$4 ,ONE OLD WOMAN WAS KILL$1 ANO!R /OOD BE=E HIM1 ! AX WAS 9 HIS H&4 

,RASKOLNIKOV LIV$ HIS TRUE LIFE NOT :5 HE MET ! OLD WOMAN'S SI/]1 BUT AT ! TIME :5 HE HAD NOT YET KILL$ ANY OLD WOMAN1 NOR 5T]$ A /RANG]'S LODG+ ) 9T5T TO KILL1 NOR HELD ! AX 9 HIS H&1 NOR HAD ! LOOP 9 HIS OV]COAT BY :I* ! AX HUNG4 

,HE LIV$ HIS TRUE LIFE :5 HE WAS LY+ ON ! S(A 9 HIS ROOM1 DELIB]AT+ NOT AT ALL AB\T ! OLD WOMAN1 NOR EV5 AS TO :E!R IT IS OR IS NOT P]MISSIBLE AT ! WILL ( ONE MAN TO WIPE FROM ! FACE ( ! E>? ANO!R1 UNNECESS>Y & H>MFUL1 MAN1 BUT :E!R HE \<T TO LIVE 9 ,PET]SBURG OR NOT1 :E!R HE \<T TO ACCEPT MONEY FROM HIS MO!R OR NOT1 & ON O!R QUE/IONS NOT AT ALL RELAT+ TO ! OLD WOMAN4 

,& !N -- 9 ?AT REGION QUITE 9DEP5D5T ( ANIMAL ACTIVITIES -- ! QUE/ION :E!R HE W\LD OR W\LD NOT KILL ! OLD WOMAN WAS DECID$4 

,?AT QUE/ION WAS DECID$ -- NOT :51 HAV+ KILL$ ONE OLD WOMAN1 HE /OOD BE=E ANO!R1 AX 9 H& -- BUT :5 HE WAS DO+ NO?+ & WAS ONLY ?9K+1 :5 ONLY HIS CONSCI\SNESS WAS ACTIVE3 & 9 ?AT CONSCI\SNESS T9Y1 T9Y ALT]ATIONS W]E TAK+ PLACE4 

,IT IS AT SU* TIMES ?AT ONE NE$S ! GREATE/ CLE>NESS .<( M9D.> TO DECIDE CORRECTLY ! QUE/IONS ?AT HAVE >IS51 & IT IS JU/ !N ?AT ONE GLASS ( BE]1 OR ONE CIG>ETTE1 MAY PREV5T ! SOLUTION ( ! QUE/ION1 MAY PO/PONE ! DECISION1 /IFLE ! VOICE ( CONSCI5CE & PROMPT A DECISION ( ! QUE/ION 9 FAVOR ( ! L[]1 ANIMAL NATURE -- AS WAS ! CASE ) ,RASKOLNIKOV4 

,T9Y1 T9Y ALT]ATIONS -- BUT ON !M DEP5D ! MO/ IMM5SE & T]RIBLE CONSEQU5CES4 ,MANY MAT]IAL *ANGES MAY RESULT FROM :AT HAPP5S :5 A MAN HAS TAK5 A DECISION & BEGUN TO ACT3 H\SES1 RI*ES1 & PEOPLE'S BODIES MAY P]I%1 BUT NO?+ MORE IMPORTANT CAN HAPP5 ?AN :AT WAS HIDD5 9 ! MAN'S CONSCI\SNESS4 ,! LIMITS ( :AT CAN HAPP5 >E SET BY CONSCI\SNESS4 

,& B\NDLESS RESULTS ( UNIMAG9ABLE IMPORTANCE MAY FOLL[ FROM MO/ M9UTE ALT]ATIONS OCCURR+ 9 ! DOMA9 ( CONSCI\SNESS4 

,DO NOT LET IT BE SUPPOS$ ?AT :AT ,I AM SAY+ HAS ANY?+ TO DO ) ! QUE/ION ( FREE WILL OR DET]M9ISM4 ,DISCUSSION ON ?AT QUE/ION IS SUP]FLU\S = MY PURPOSE1 OR = ANY O!R = ?AT MATT]4 

,)\T DECID+ ! QUE/ION :E!R A MAN CAN1 OR CANNOT1 ACT AS HE WI%ES 7A QUE/ION 9 MY OP9ION NOT CORRECTLY /AT$71 ,I AM M]ELY SAY+ ?AT S9CE HUMAN ACTIVITY IS CONDITION$ BY 9F9ITESIMAL ALT]ATIONS 9 CONSCI\SNESS1 IT FOLL[S 7NO MATT] :E!R WE ADMIT ! EXI/5CE ( FREE WILL OR NOT7 ?AT WE MU/ PAY P>TICUL> ATT5TION TO ! CONDITION 9 :I* !SE M9UTE ALT]ATIONS TAKE PLACE1 JU/ AS ONE MU/ BE SPECIALLY ATT5TIVE TO ! CONDITION ( SCALES ON :I* O!R ?+S >E TO BE WEI<$4 

,WE MU/1 AS F> AS IT DEP5DS ON US1 TRY TO PUT \RSELVES & O!RS 9 CONDITIONS :I* WILL NOT DI/URB ! CLE>NESS & DELICACY ( ?\<T NECESS>Y = ! CORRECT WORK+ ( CONSCI5CE1 & MU/ NOT ACT 9 ! CONTR>Y MANN]--TRY+ TO H9D] & CONFUSE ! WORK ( CONSCI5CE BY ! USE ( /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES4 

,= MAN IS A SPIRITUAL AS WELL AS AN ANIMAL BE+4 ,HE MAY BE MOV$ BY ?+S ?AT 9FLU5CE HIS SPIRITUAL NATURE1 OR BY ?+S ?AT 9FLU5CE HIS ANIMAL NATURE1 AS A CLOCK MAY BE MOV$ BY ITS H&S OR BY ITS MA9 :EEL4 ,& JU/ AS IT IS BE/ TO REGULATE ! MOVEM5T ( A CLOCK BY MEANS ( ITS 9N] ME*ANISM1 SO A MAN--ONESELF OR ANO!R--IS BE/ REGULAT$ BY MEANS ( HIS CONSCI\SNESS4 ,& AS ) A CLOCK ONE HAS TO TAKE SPECIAL C>E ( ?AT P>T BY MEANS ( :I* ONE CAN BE/ MOVE ! 9N] ME*ANISM1 SO ) A MAN ONE MU/ TAKE SPECIAL C>E ( ! CLEANNESS & CLE>NESS ( CONSCI\SNESS :I* IS ! ?+ ?AT BE/ MOVES ! :OLE MAN4 

,TO D\BT ?IS IS IMPOSSIBLE2 EV]YONE KN[S IT4 ,BUT A NE$ TO DECEIVE ONESELF >ISES4 ,PEOPLE >E NOT AS ANXI\S ?AT CONSCI\SNESS %\LD WORK CORRECTLY AS !Y >E ?AT IT %\LD SEEM TO !M ?AT :AT !Y >E DO+ IS RI<T1 & !Y DELIB]ATELY MAKE USE ( SUB/ANCES ?AT DI/URB ! PROP] WORK+ ( !IR CONSCI\SNESS4 

O ,*APT] #e 

,PEOPLE DR9K & SMOKE1 NOT CASUALLY1 NOT FROM DULLNESS1 NOT TO *E] !MSELVES UP1 NOT BECAUSE IT IS PLEASANT1 BUT 9 ORD] TO DR[N ! VOICE ( CONSCI5CE 9 !MSELVES4 

,& 9 ?AT CASE1 H[ T]RIBLE MU/ BE ! CONSEQU5CES6 

,?9K :AT A BUILD+ W\LD BE LIKE ]ECT$ BY PEOPLE :O DID NOT USE A /RAI<T PLUMB-RULE TO GET ! WALLS P]P5DICUL>1 NOR RI<T-ANGL$ SQU>ES TO GET ! CORN]S CORRECT1 BUT US$ A S(T RULE :I* W\LD B5D TO SUIT ALL IRREGUL>ITIES 9 ! WALLS1 & A SQU>E ?AT EXP&$ TO FIT ANY ANGLE1 ACUTE OR OBTUSE4 

,YET1 ?ANKS TO SELF-/UPEFACTION1 ?AT IS JU/ :AT IS BE+ DONE 9 LIFE4 ,LIFE DOES NOT ACCORD ) CONSCI5CE1 SO CONSCI5CE IS MADE TO B5D TO LIFE4 

,?IS IS DONE 9 ! LIFE ( 9DIVIDUALS1 & IT IS DONE 9 ! LIFE ( HUMANITY AS A :OLE1 :I* CONSI/S ( ! LIVES ( 9DIVIDUALS4 

,TO GRASP ! FULL SIGNIFICANCE ( SU* /UPEFY+ ( ONE'S CONSCI\SNESS1 LET EA* ONE C>EFULLY RECALL ! SPIRITUAL CONDITIONS HE HAS PASS$ ?R\< AT EA* P]IOD ( HIS LIFE4 ,EV]YONE WILL F9D ?AT AT EA* P]IOD ( HIS LIFE C]TA9 MORAL QUE/IONS CONFRONT$ HIM :I* HE \<T TO SOLVE1 & ON ! SOLUTION ( :I* ! :OLE WELF>E ( HIS LIFE DEP5D$4 ,= ! SOLUTION ( !SE QUE/IONS GREAT CONC5TRATION ( ATT5TION WAS NE$FUL4 ,SU* CONC5TRATION ( ATT5TION IS A LABOR4 ,9 EV]Y LABOR1 ESPECIALLY AT ! BEG9N+1 !RE IS A TIME :5 ! WORK SEEMS DIFFICULT & PA9FUL1 & :5 HUMAN WEAKNESS PROMPTS A DESIRE TO AB&ON IT4 

,PHYSICAL WORK SEEMS PA9FUL AT FIR/2 M5TAL WORK /ILL MORE SO4 ,AS ,LESS+ SAYS3 PEOPLE >E 9CL9$ TO CEASE TO ?9K AT ! PO9T AT :I* ?\<T BEG9S TO BE DIFFICULT2 BUT IT IS JU/ !RE1 ,I W\LD ADD1 ?AT ?9K+ BEG9S TO BE FRUITFUL4 

,A MAN FEELS ?AT TO DECIDE ! QUE/IONS CONFRONT+ HIM NE$S LABOR--(T5 PA9FUL LABOR--& HE WI%ES TO EVADE ?IS4 ,IF HE HAD NO MEANS ( /UPEFY+ HIS FACULTIES HE C\LD NOT EXPEL FROM HIS CONSCI\SNESS ! QUE/IONS ?AT CONFRONT HIM1 & ! NECESSITY ( SOLV+ !M W\LD BE =C$ UPON HIM4 

,BUT MAN F9DS ?AT !RE EXI/S A MEANS TO DRIVE (F !SE QUE/IONS :5EV] !Y PRES5T !MSELVES--& HE USES IT4 

,AS SOON AS ! QUE/IONS AWAIT+ SOLUTION BEG9 TO TORM5T HIM1 HE HAS REC\RSE TO !SE MEANS1 & AVOIDS ! DISQUIETUDE EVOK$ BY ! TR\BLESOME QUE/IONS4 ,CONSCI\SNESS CEASES TO DEM& !IR SOLUTION1 & ! UNSOLV$ QUE/IONS REMA9 UNSOLV$ TILL HIS NEXT P]IOD ( 5LI<T5M5T4 

,BUT :5 ?AT P]IOD COMES1 ! SAME ?+ IS REPEAT$1 & ! MAN GOES ON = MON?S1 YE>S1 OR EV5 = HIS :OLE LIFE1 /&+ BE=E ?OSE SAME MORAL QUE/IONS & NOT MOV+ A /EP T[>DS !IR SOLUTION4 ,YET IT IS 9 ! SOLUTION ( MORAL QUE/IONS ?AT LIFE'S :OLE MOVEM5T CONSI/S4 

,:AT OCCURS IS AS IF A MAN :O NE$S TO SEE TO ! BOTTOM ( SOME MUDDY WAT] TO OBTA9 A PRECI\S PE>L1 BUT :O DISLIKES 5T]+ ! WAT]1 %\LD /IR IT UP EA* TIME IT BEG9S TO SETTLE & BECOME CLE>4 ,MANY A MAN CONT9UES TO /UPEFY HIMSELF ALL HIS LIFE LONG1 & REMA9S IMMOVABLE AT ! SAME ONCE-ACCEPT$1 OBSCURE1 SELF-CONTRADICTORY VIEW ( LIFE--PRESS+1 AS EA* P]IOD ( 5LI<T5M5T APPROA*ES1 EV] AT ONE & ! SAME WALL AGA9/ :I* HE PRESS$ T5 OR TW5TY YE>S AGO1 & :I* HE CANNOT BREAK ?R\< BECAUSE HE 9T5TIONALLY BLUNTS ?AT %>P PO9T ( ?\<T :I* ALONE C\LD PI]CE IT4 

,LET EA* MAN REMEMB] HIMSELF AS HE HAS BE5 DUR+ ! YE>S ( HIS DR9K+ OR SMOK+1 & LET HIM TE/ ! MATT] 9 HIS EXP]I5CE ( O!R PEOPLE1 & EV]YONE WILL SEE A DEF9ITE CON/ANT L9E DIVID+ ?OSE :O >E ADDICT$ TO /UPEFI]S FROM ?OSE :O >E FREE FROM !M4 ,! MORE A MAN /UPEFIES HIMSELF ! MORE HE IS MORALLY IMMOVABLE4 

O ,*APT] #f 

,T]RIBLE1 AS !Y >E DESCRIB$ TO US1 >E ! CONSEQU5CES ( OPIUM & HA%I% ON 9DIVIDUALS2 T]RIBLE1 AS WE KN[ !M1 >E ! CONSEQU5CES ( ALCOHOL TO FLAGRANT DRUNK>DS2 BUT 9COMP>ABLY MORE T]RIBLE TO \R :OLE SOCIETY >E ! CONSEQU5CES ( :AT IS CONSID]$ ! H>MLESS1 MOD]ATE USE ( SPIRITS1 W9E1 BE]1 & TOBACCO1 TO :I* ! MAJORITY ( M51 & ESPECIALLY \R SO-CALL$ CULTUR$ CLASSES1 >E ADDICT$4 

,! CONSEQU5CES MU/ NATURALLY BE T]RIBLE1 ADMITT+ ! FACT1 :I* MU/ BE ADMITT$1 ?AT ! GUID+ ACTIVITIES ( SOCIETY - POLITICAL1 (FICIAL1 SCI5TIFIC1 LIT]>Y1 & >TI/IC - >E C>RI$ ON = ! MO/ P>T BY PEOPLE 9 AN ABNORMAL /ATE3 BY PEOPLE :O >E DRUNK4 

,IT IS G5]ALLY SUPPOS$ ?AT A MAN :O1 LIKE MO/ PEOPLE ( \R WELL-TO-DO CLASSES1 TAKES ALCOHOLIC DR9K ALMO/ EV]Y TIME HE EATS1 IS 9 A P]FECTLY NORMAL & SOB] CONDITION NEXT DAY1 DUR+ WORK+ H\RS4 ,BUT ?IS IS QUITE AN ]ROR4 ,A MAN :O DRANK A BOTTLE ( W9E1 A GLASS ( SPIRITS1 OR TWO GLASSES ( ALE1 YE/]DAY1 IS N[ 9 ! USUAL /ATE ( DR[S9ESS OR DEPRESSION :I* FOLL[S EXCITEM5T1 & IS !RE=E 9 A CONDITION ( M5TAL PRO/RATION1 :I* IS 9CREAS$ BY SMOK+4 

,= A MAN :O HABITUALLY SMOKES & DR9KS 9 MOD]ATION1 TO BR+ HIS BRA9 9TO A NORMAL CONDITION W\LD REQUIRE AT LEA/ A WEEK OR MORE ( AB/95CE FROM W9E & TOBACCO4 ,BUT ?AT H>DLY EV] OCCURS4.<#d.> 

,SO ?AT MO/ ( :AT GOES ON AMONG US1 :E!R DONE BY PEOPLE :O RULE & TEA* O!RS1 OR BY ?OSE :O >E RUL$ & TAU<T1 IS DONE :5 ! DO]S >E NOT SOB]4 

,& LET NOT ?IS BE TAK5 AS A JOKE OR AN EXAGG]ATION4 ,! CONFUSION1 & ABOVE ALL ! IMBECILITY1 ( \R LIVES1 >ISES *IEFLY FROM ! CON/ANT /ATE ( 9TOXICATION 9 :I* MO/ PEOPLE LIVE4 ,C\LD PEOPLE :O >E NOT DRUNK POSSIBLY DO ALL ?AT IS BE+ DONE >\ND US FROM BUILD+ ! ,EIFFEL ,T[] TO ACCEPT+ MILIT>Y S]VICE8 

,)\T ANY NE$ :ATEV]1 A COMPANY IS =M$1 CAPITAL COLLECT$1 M5 LABOR1 MAKE CALCULATIONS1 & DRAW PLANS2 MILLIONS ( WORK+ DAYS & ?\S&S ( TONS ( IRON >E SP5T TO BUILD A T[]2 & MILLIONS ( PEOPLE CONSID] IT !IR DUTY TO CLIMB UP IT1 /OP A:ILE ON IT1 & !N CLIMB D[N AGA92 & ! BUILD+ & VISIT+ ( ?IS T[] EVOKE NO O!R REFLECTION ?AN A WI% & 9T5TION TO BUILD O!R T[]S1 9 O!R PLACES1 /ILL BIGG]4 ,C\LD SOB] PEOPLE ACT LIKE ?AT8 

,OR TAKE ANO!R CASE4 ,= DOZ5S ( YE>S PA/ ALL ! ,EUROPEAN PEOPLES HAVE BE5 BUSY DEVIS+ ! V]Y BE/ WAYS ( KILL+ PEOPLE1 & TEA*+ AS MANY Y\NG M5 AS POSSIBLE1 AS SOON AS !Y REA* MANHOOD1 H[ TO MURD]4 ,EV]YONE KN[S ?AT !RE CAN BE NO 9VASION BY B>B>IANS1 BUT ?AT !SE PREP>ATIONS MADE BY ! DIFF]5T CIVILIZ$ & ,*RI/IAN NATIONS >E DIRECT$ AGA9/ ONE ANO!R2 EV]YONE KN[S ?AT ?IS IS BURD5SOME1 PA9FUL1 9CONV5I5T1 RU9\S1 IMMORAL1 IMPI\S1 & IRRATIONAL1 BUT EV]YONE CONT9UES TO PREP>E = MUTUAL MURD]4 

,SOME DEVISE POLITICAL COMB9ATIONS TO DECIDE :O IS TO KILL :OM & ) :AT ALLIES1 O!RS DIRECT ?OSE :O >E BE+ TAU<T TO MURD]1 & O!RS AGA9 YIELD - AGA9/ !IR WILL1 AGA9/ !IR CONSCI5CE1 AGA9/ !IR REASON - TO !SE PREP>ATIONS = MURD]4 

,C\LD SOB] PEOPLE DO !SE ?+S8 ,ONLY DRUNK>DS :O NEV] REA* A /ATE ( SOBRIETY C\LD DO !M & LIVE ON 9 ! HORRIBLE /ATE ( DISCORD BETWE5 LIFE & CONSCI5CE 9 :I*1 NOT ONLY 9 ?IS BUT 9 ALL O!R RESPECTS1 ! PEOPLE ( \R SOCIETY >E N[ LIV+4 

,NEV] BE=E1 ,I SUPPOSE1 HAVE PEOPLE LIV$ ) ! DEM&S ( !IR CONSCI5CE SO EVID5TLY 9 CONTRADICTION TO !IR ACTIONS4 

,HUMANITY TODAY IS AS IT W]E /UCK FA/4 ,IT IS AS ?\< SOME EXT]NAL CAUSE H9D]$ IT FROM OCCUPY+ A POSITION 9 NATURAL ACCORD ) ITS P]CEPTIONS4 ,& ! CAUSE - IF NOT ! ONLY ONE1 !N C]TA9LY ! GREATE/ - IS ?IS PHYSICAL CONDITION ( /UPEFACTION 9DUC$ BY W9E & TOBACCO TO :I* ! GREAT MAJORITY ( PEOPLE 9 \R SOCIETY R$UCE !MSELVES4 

,EMANCIPATION FROM ?IS T]RIBLE EVIL WILL BE AN EPO* 9 ! LIFE ( HUMANITY2 & ?AT EPO* SEEMS TO BE AT H&4 ,! EVIL IS RECOGNIZ$4 ,AN ALT]ATION HAS ALREADY TAK5 PLACE 9 \R P]CEPTION CONC]N+ ! USE ( /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES4 ,PEOPLE HAVE UND]/OOD ! T]RIBLE H>M ( !SE ?+S & >E BEG9N+ TO PO9T !M \T1 & ?IS ALMO/ UNNOTIC$ ALT]ATION 9 P]CEPTION WILL 9EVITABLY BR+ AB\T ! EMANCIPATION ( M5 FROM ! USE ( /UPEFY+ ?+S WILL 5ABLE !M TO OP5 !IR EYES TO ! DEM&S ( !IR CONSCI5CES1 & !Y WILL BEG9 TO ORD] !IR LIVES 9 ACCORD ) !IR P]CEPTIONS4 

,& ?IS SEEMS TO BE ALREADY BEG9N+4 ,BUT AS ALWAYS IT IS BEG9N+ AMONG ! UPP] CLASSES ONLY AFT] ALL ! L[] CLASSES HAVE ALREADY BE5 9FECT$4 

O ,NOTES 
8 ,A REF]5CE TO ! BRA9 

8 ,AYLM] ,MAUD 9CLUDES ! FOOTNOTE 0 ,SEE ! ALLUSION TO ,SKOBELEV'S CONDUCT AT ,GEOK-,TEPE ON ! LA/ PAGE ( ,TALES ( ,>MY ,LIFE40 

8 ,AYLM] ,MAUD 9CLUD$ ! FOOTNOTE 0,9 ! MATT]S ALLUD$ TO ! ,RUSSIAN CU/OMS >E WORSE ?AN ! ,5GLI%1 P>TLY BECAUSE 9 ,RUSSIA ! SMELL ( /ALE TOBACCO 9 ! ROOMS IS LESS (F5SIVE ?AN 9 ,5GL& DUE TO A DRI] CLIMATE40 

8 ,BUT H[ IS IT ?AT PEOPLE :O DO NOT DR9K OR SMOKE >E (T5 MORALLY ON AN 9COMP>ABLY L[] PLANE ?AN O!RS :O DR9K & SMOKE8 ,& :Y DO PEOPLE :O DR9K & SMOKE (T5 MANIFE/ V]Y HI< QUALITIES BO? M5TALLY & MORALLY8 

,! ANSW] IS1 FIR/1 ?AT WE DO NOT KN[ ! HEI<T ?AT ?OSE :O DR9K & SMOKE W\LD HAVE ATTA9$ HAD !Y NOT DRUNK & SMOK$4 

,& SECONDLY1 FROM ! FACT ?AT MORALLY GIFT$ PEOPLE A*IEVE GREAT ?+S 9 SPITE ( ! DET]IORAT+ EFFECT ( /UPEFY+ SUB/ANCES1 WE CAN BUT CONCLUDE ?AT !Y W\LD HAVE PRODUC$ YET GREAT] ?+S HAD !Y NOT /UPEFI$ !MSELVES4 ,IT IS V]Y PROBABLE1 AS A FRI5D REM>K$ TO ME1 ?AT ,KANT'S WORKS W\LD NOT HAVE BE5 WRITT5 9 SU* A CURI\S & BAD /YLE HAD HE NOT SMOK$ SO MU*4 

,LA/LY1 ! L[] A MAN'S M5TAL & MORAL PLANE ! LESS DOES HE FEEL ! DISCORD BETWE5 HIS CONSCI5CE & HIS LIFE1 & !RE=E ! LESS DOES HE FEEL A CRAV+ TO /UPEFY HIMSELF2 & ON ! O!R H& A P>ALLEL REASON EXPLA9S :Y ! MO/ S5SITIVE NATURES - ?OSE :I* IMM$IATELY & MORBIDLY FEEL ! DISCORD BETWE5 LIFE & CONSCI5CE - SO (T5 9DULGE 9 N>COTICS & P]I% BY !M4 - ,LEO ,TOL/OY 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,NOVEMB] #c1 #ahhi 3 ,:Y ,DO ,M5 ,/UPEFY ,!MSELVES8 -- ,PUBLICATION4 
,JULY #a1 #bba 3 ,:Y ,DO ,M5 ,/UPEFY ,!MSELVES8 -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #i1 #bbb 3 ,:Y ,DO ,M5 ,/UPEFY ,!MSELVES8 -- ,UPDAT$4 

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