,:Y ,MAY ,DAY ,MATT]S 
,HI/ORY ) ,AN>*I/ ,ROOTS 

,PEOPLE 3 

,AU?OR 3 ,LUCI5 ,VAN ,D] ,WALT 

,AU?OR 3 ,SIAN ,BYRNE 

,AU?OR 3 ,W>R5 ,MC,GREGOR 

,TEXT 3 

,:5 WE CELEBRATE ,MAY ,DAY WE SELDOM KN[ OR REFLECT ON :Y IT IS A HOLIDAY 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA & 9 MANY P>TS ( ! WORLD4 ,SIAN ,BYRNE1 ,W>R5 ,MC,GREGOR & ,LUCI5 VAN D] ,WALT TELL ! /ORY ( P[]FUL /RUGGLES ?AT LIE BEH9D ITS EXI/5CE & ( ! ORGANIZATIONS ?AT BO? CREAT$ IT & KEPT ITS MEAN+ ALIVE4 

,FAC$ ) NEO-LIB]AL GLOBALIZATION1 ! BROAD WORK+ CLASS MOVEM5T IS BE+ =C$ TO GLOBALIZE-FROM-BEL[4 ,WORK+ CLASS 9T]NATIONALISM IS NO?+ NEW2 WE NE$ TO LE>N FROM ! PA/4 

,MAY ,DAY OR 9T]NATIONAL WORK]S DAY />T$ AS A GLOBAL G5]AL /RIKE TO COMMEMORATE FIVE AN>*I/ LABOR ORGANIZ]S EXECUT$ 9 ! ,UNIT$ ,/ATES 9 #a#h#h#g4 ,M\NT+ ! SCAFFOLD1 ,AUGU/ ,SPIES DECL>$3 'IF Y\ ?9K ?AT BY HANG+ US1 Y\ CAN /AMP \T ! LABOR MOVEM5T - ! MOVEM5T FROM :I* ! D[NTRODD5 MILLIONS1 ! MILLIONS :O TOIL & LIVE 9 WANT & MIS]Y -! WAGE SLAVES - EXPECT SALVATION - IF ?IS IS Y\R OP9ION1 !N HANG US6 ,H]E Y\ WILL TREAD UPON A SP>K1 BUT !RE1 & !RE1 & BEH9D Y\ & 9 FRONT ( Y\1 & EV]Y:]E1 FLAMES WILL BLAZE UP4 ,IT IS A SUBT]RANEAN FIRE4 ,Y\ CANNOT PUT IT \T4' 

,AN>*I/S /RESS$ ! SELF-EMANCIPATION ( ! MASSES BY BUILD+ REVOLUTION>Y C\NT]P[]4 ,?IS MEANT MASS ORGANIZATIONS AGA9/ ! /ATE AS ! BASIS = A NEW P>TICIPATORY DEMOCRATIC SOCIETY4 ,SYNDICALISM WAS ONE APPROA* :I* 5TAIL$ BUILD+ REVOLUTION>Y TRADE UNIONS4 

,C\NT]P[]1 PLUS CONSCI5TISATION OR REVOLUTION>Y C\NT]CULTURE1 W\LD CREATE A NEW WORLD 9 ! %ELL ( ! OLD4 

,9 EV]Y C\NTRY1 ,MAY ,DAY BECAME A DAY ( RESI/ANCE1 L9K+ LOCAL /RUGGLES TO ! GLOBAL PICTURE4 ,9 ,S\? ,AFRICA1 IT BECAME A P[]FUL SYMBOL ( BLACK WORK+ CLASS /RUGGLE AGA9/ AP>!ID4 

,TODAY1 ,MAY ,DAY IS 9 DANG] ( BECOM+ AN ELECTION RALLY & FE/IVAL1 RA!R ?AN A DAY ( /RUGGLE4 ,MAY ,DAY NE$S TO BE L9K$ BACK TO ITS AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ ROOTS ) ! IDEA ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS 9 A MASS MOVEM5T LIKE TRADE UNIONS1 CAN ORGANIZE 9T]NATIONALLY1 BUILD C\NT]P[] & C\NT]CULTURE & CREATE SOCIALISM-FROM-BEL[ BAS$ ON P>TICIPATORY DEMOCRACY & SELF-MANAGEM5T4 

,AN>*I/ ROOTS 

,:ILE 9T]NATIONAL WORK]S DAY IS WELL-KN[N1 ITS ROOTS 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S' MOVEM5T >E (T5 =GOTT54 

,! ,U,S ( ! #a#h#hS LOOK$ A LOT LIKE ! ,*9A ( TODAY ) MASSIVE FACTORIES1 WIDESPREAD POV]TY1 & AN OPPRESS$ & IMPOV]I%$ WORK+ CLASS UND] ! HEEL ( A WEAL?Y ELITE ?AT FLAUNT$ ITS WEAL? 9 ! MID/ ( SUFF]+4 

,ON ,MAY #a1 #ahhf OV] #c # WORK]S W5T ON /RIKE ACROSS ! C\NTRY4 ,! UNIONS HAD CALL$ = A MASSIVE DEMON/RATION TO W9 ! #h-H\R WORK+ DAY1 & TO ROLL BACK CAPITALISM4 

,*ICAGO WAS ! ?IRD L>GE/ CITY 9 ! ,U,S :]E A WEAL?Y F9ANCIAL & POLITICAL ELITE LIV$ SIDE-BY-SIDE ) ! WORK+ POOR1 BO? ,AM]ICANS & IMMIGRANTS4 ,! CITY HELD ! L>GE/ DEMON/RATIONS1 AGA9/ ! BACKDROP ( DECADES ( T]RIBLE WORK+ CONDITIONS1 MASS POV]TY & SPRAWL+ SLUMS1 MADE WORSE BY TWO ECONOMIC DEPRESSIONS4 

,! P[] ( ! ,*ICAGO MOVEM5T ALSO RE/$ ON ITS REVOLUTION>Y IDEAS4 ,! AN>*I/ ,9T]NATIONAL ,WORK+ ,PEOPLE'S ,ASSOCIATION 7,I,W,P,A7 L$ A MASSIVE M>* ( #h # PEOPLE ?R\< ! CITY4 ,OV] ! NEXT FEW DAYS1 ! RANKS ( PEACEFUL PROTE/]S SWELL$ TO #a 4 

,BY ! #a#h#gS AN>*ISM EM]G$ 9T]NATIONALLY AS A MASS MOVEM5T4 ,ITS /RESS ON POPUL> /RUGGLE WAS APPEAL+ TO ! OPPRESS$1 & TO EM]G+ MASS MOVEM5TS 9 ,AFRICA1 ,ASIA1 ! ,C>IBBEAN1 ,EUROPE & ! ,AM]ICAS4 ,! ,I,W,P,A1 ACTIVE ACROSS ! ,U,S FROM #a#h#h#a1 9CLUD$ 9 ITS LEAD]%IP BLACK WOM5 LIKE ! EX-SLAVE ,LUCY ,P>SONS1 MILITANT IMMIGRANTS LIKE ,SPIES1 & ,AM]ICANS LIKE ,NEEBE & ,ALB]T ,P>SONS4 

,ITS ,PITTSBUR< ,PROCLAMATION CALL$ = '! DE/RUCTION ( CLASS RULE ?R\< 5]GETIC1 REL5TLESS1 REVOLUTION>Y & 9T]NATIONAL ACTION' & 'EQUAL RI<TS = ALL )\T DI/9CTION ( SEX OR RACE4' 

,9T]NATIONALI/ 9 \TLOOK1 ! ,I,W,P,A & ,C5TRAL ,LABOR ,UNION F\<T = ! RI<TS ( ALL WORK+ & POOR PEOPLE4 ,! ,I,W,P,A PUBLI%$ #ad NEWSPAP]S1 ORGANIZ$ >M$ SELF-DEF5SE UNITS1 & CREAT$ A RI* TAPE/RY ( CULTURE1 MUSIC & MASS ORGANIZ+4 

,IT REJECT$ ELECTIONS 9 FAVOR ( DIRECT ACTION4 ,ELECTIONS IT BELIEV$ W]E A FUTILE COLLABORATION ) ! /ATE :I* =M$ P>T ( ! SY/EM ( 9JU/ICE :I* WAS B\ND TO CORRUPT EV5 ! BE/ RADICALS4 ,! FOCUS WAS REVOLUTION FROM BEL[1 ?R\< C\NT]-P[] & C\NT]CULTURE1 = A LIB]T>IAN1 SOCIALI/1 SELF-MANAG$ SOCIETY4 

,AM]ICAN MILITANTS 

,I,W,P,A AN>*I/S L$ ,*ICAGO'S ,C5TRAL ,LABOR ,UNION 7,C,L,U74 ,MO/ ,I,W,P,A SUPPORT]S 9SI/$ TRADE UNIONS C\LD BECOME WORK]S C\NCILS & ASSEMBLIES1 & ?AT !Y C\LD DEMOCRATICALLY RUN WORKPLACES4 ,!Y BELIEV$ UNIONS %\LD FI<T TODAY & MAKE REVOLUTION TOMORR[4 ,?IS ',*ICAGO IDEA' WAS LAT] CALL$ AN>*O-SYNDICALISM & IT WAS 9TEGRAL TO ! GLOBAL AN>*I/ MOVEM5T4 

,ON ,MONDAY1 ,MAY #c1 WORK]S :O HAD BE5 ON /RIKE S9CE ,FEBRU>Y F\<T ) SCABS4 ,! POLICE ATTACK$ ! /RIK]S1 KILL+ TWO4 ,!N AN ,I,W,P,A MASS PROTE/ AT ! ,HAYM>KET ,SQU>E WAS *>G$ BY POLICE4 ,A BOMB WAS ?R[N1 HITT+ ! POLICE4 ,:O ?REW ! BOMB WAS NEV] KN[N4 ,! POLICE OP5$ FIRE1 KILL+ AN UNKN[N NUMB]4 

,! LOCAL /ATE !N >RE/$ EI<T LEAD+ ,*ICAGO AN>*I/S4 ,AFT] A BIAS$ TRIAL1 :]E EVID5CE 9 FAVOR ( ! ACCUS$ WAS SUPPRESS$1 !Y W]E CONVICT$ ( MURD] & BLAM$ = ! BOMB+4 ,SOME ( ! DEF5DANTS HAD NOT EV5 BE5 AT ,HAYM>KET1 & SOME NOT EV5 9 ,*ICAGO4 

,FIVE ( ! ACCUS$1 ,AUGU/ ,SPIES1 ,ALB]T ,P>SONS1 ,GEORGE ,5GEL & ,ADOLPH ,FIS*] W]E HANG$ 9 #a#h#h#g4 ,A SIX? MAN1 ,L\IS ,L+G1 TOOK HIS [N LIFE 9 A F9AL ACT ( DEFIANCE AGA9/ ! /ATE4 ,! REMA9+ ?REE1 ,SAMUEL ,FIELD51 ,OSC> ,NEEBE & ,MI*AEL ,S*WAB RECEIV$ LIFE S5T5CES1 BUT W]E P>DON$ SIX YE>S LAT]4 

,9 #a#h#h#i1 AN>*I/S & O!R SOCIALI/S =M$ A NEW ,LABOR & ,SOCIALI/ ,9T]NATIONAL 7! ,SECOND ,9T]NATIONAL74 ,AT ITS F\ND+ CONGRESS1 IT PROCLAIM$ ,MAY #a AS ,WORK]S ,DAY :I* %\LD BECOME A GLOBAL G5]AL /RIKE TO COMMEMORATE ! ,HAYM>KET ,M>TYRS1 TO FI<T = AN #h-H\R DAY1 & TO BUILD GLOBAL LABOR UNITY4 

,SO ,MAY ,DAY BEGAN AS AN EXAMPLE ( GLOBALIZATION-FROM-BEL[4 

,MAY ,DAY 9 ,S\? ,AFRICA 

,9 ,S\? ,AFRICA1 ,MAY ,DAY WAS %AP$ BY IT EM]G5CE 9 A CAPITALI/ ORD] BUILT ON COLONIAL RELATIONS4 

,MAY ,DAY #ahib SAW ! LAUN* ( ! FIR/ ,JOHANNNESBURG ',TRADES ,C\NCIL' 7OR CROSS-9DU/RY LOCAL74 ,BUT ! E>LY ,WITWAT]SR& UNIONS W]E :ITES-ONLY AFFAIRS1 :I* USUALLY 5DORS$ RACIAL SEGREGATION4 ,EV5 SO1 !Y F\<T MANY BITT] CLASS BATTLES4 

,! GOV]NM5T FELT NO RACIAL LOYALTY TO :ITES4 ,! MASS /RIKES ( #a#i#g1 #aiad & #aibb BY :ITE WORK]S W]E DEFEAT$ BY SCABS1 ! POLICE1 M>TIAL LAW & ! >MY4 ,! #aiac /RIKE SUCCE$+ 9 =C+ ! /ATE TO CONSID] A ',WORK]S ,*>T]'1 BUT OV] #be WORK]S W]E %OT DEAD 9 ,JOHANNESBURG4 7,! ,*>T] WAS NEV] IMPLEM5T$74 

,MEAN:ILE1 AN AN>*I/_/SYNDICALI/ CURR5T EM]G$ LOCALLY4 ,! FIR/ ,MAY ,DAY 9 ,CAPE ,T[N WAS 9 #a#i#d4 ,IT WAS ORGANIZ$ BY ! CITY'S UNIONS & ! LOCAL ,SOCIAL ,DEMOCRATIC ,F$]ATION 7,S,D,F71 & IT 9CLUD$ COLOR$ WORK]S3 SOME ,CAPE UNIONS W]E 9TEGRAT$41 ESPITE ITS NAME1 ! ,S,D,F WAS USUALLY L$ BY AN>*I/S4 ,! ,S,D,F HELP$ =M ! FIR/ RACIALLY 9TEGRAT$ G5]AL UNION & MASS UNEMPLOY$ DEMON/RATIONS BY ,AFRICANS1 COLOR$S & :ITES4 

,! SYNDICALI/ ,9T]NATIONAL ,SOCIALI/ ,LEAGUE 7,I,S,L71 =M$ 9 #aiae 9 ,JOHANNESBURG1 AIM$ TO CREATE ,ONE ,BIG ,UNION ( ALL WORK]S1 REG>DLESS ( RACE1 TO OV]?R[ CAPITALISM & ! /ATE & 5D ! NATIONAL OPPRESSION ( PEOPLE ( COLOR4 ,IT =M$ ! ,9DU/RIAL ,WORK]S ( ,AFRICA :I* WAS ! FIR/ UNION = ,AFRICANS 9 ,BRITA9'S ,AFRICAN EMPIRE & 9CLUD$ ,AFRICANS ,T4,W4 ,?IB$I1 ,F]D ,CETIWE & ,HAMILTON ,KRAAI4 ,?US1 ! ,*ICAGO ,IDEA TOOK ROOT 9 ,JOHANNESBURG4 

,! ,I,S,L DECL>$ AT ITS FIR/ CONGRESS 9 #aiaf ?AT '! EMANCIPATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS REQUIR$ ! ABOLITION ( ALL =MS ( NATIVE 9D5TURE1 COMP\ND & PASSPORT SY/EMS & ! LIFT+ ( ! NATIVE WORK] TO ! POLITICAL & 9DU/RIAL /ATUS ( ! :ITE4' ,IT ORGANIZ$ SYNDICALI/ UNIONS AMONG PEOPLE ( COLOR1 9 ,DURBAN1 ,CAPE ,T[N1 ,JOHANNESBURG & ,KIMB]LEY1 & WORK$ ) ! ,S,A ,NATIVE ,NATIONAL ,CONGRESS 7LAT] ! ,A,N,C7 & ! ,AFRICAN ,PEOPLE'S ,ORGANIZATION4 

,9 #aiag ! ,I,S,L ORGANIZ$ A JO9T ,MAY ,DAY RALLY 9 ,JOHANNESBURG ) ! ,TRANSVAAL ,NATIVE ,CONGRESS4 ,?IS WAS ! FIR/ LOCAL ,MAY ,DAY ?AT 9CLUD$ ,AFRICAN SPEAK]S1 AMONG !M ,HORATIO ,MBELE4 ,9 #a#i#a#h1 ! ,I,S,L'S ,MAY ,DAY WAS 9 ,F]REIRA/[N1 ,JOHANNESBURG :I* WAS ! FIR/ LOCAL ,MAY ,DAY FOCUS+ ON PEOPLE ( COLOR4 

,COMMUNI/S & ,MAY ,DAY 

,9 #a#i#b#a1 ! ,S,D,F & ,I,S,L HELP$ =M ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,S\? ,AFRICA 7,C,P,S,A7 & ! E>LY ,C,P,S,A HAD A SYNDICALI/ FACTION4 

,! ,C,P,S,A CONT9U$ ! ,S,D,F & ,I,S,L TRADITION ( US+ ,MAY ,DAY TO ORGANIZE L>GE MULTI- RACIAL EV5TS :]E DEM&S >\ND CLASS EXPLOITATION & NATIONAL OPPRESSION W]E RAIS$4 

,9 #a#i#b#b1 ! ,C,P,S,A DEM&$ ?AT ,MAY ,DAY BECOME A PAID PUBLIC HOLIDAY4 ,?IS DEM& WAS TAK5 UP BY ! ,9DU/RIAL & ,COMM]CIAL ,WORK]S ,UNION ( ,AFRICA 7,I,C,U71 :I* WAS HEAVILY 9FLU5C$ BY SYNDICALISM4 ,! ,I,C,U ADVOCAT$ 9 ITS #aibe CON/ITUTION = A G5]AL /RIKE & 'ABOLI%+ ! ,CAPITALI/ ,CLASS'4 

,! /ATE WAS RELUCTANT TO LEGALIZE ,MAY ,DAY DESPITE 9 #a#i#b#h1 ,AFRICAN WORK]S M>*+ 9 !IR ?\S&S1 9SPIR$ BY ! ,C,P,S,A4 

,9 ! #a#i#cS1 CONS]VATIVE REGI/]$ UNIONS1 BAS$ AMONG :ITES1 ,COLOR$S & ,9DIANS1 HELD ,MAY ,DAY BUT IGNOR$ ! OPPRESS$ ,AFRICAN MAJORITY4 ,H[EV]1 ! ,C,P,S,A & O!R UNIONS HELD NUM]\S 9TEGRAT$ RALLIES1 (T5 SUPPORT+ ! ,SOVIET ,UNION 7REPRESSION 9 ! ,U,S,S,R WAS NOT WELL KN[N AT ! TIME74 

,9 #a#i#c#g1 A MASSIVE ,MAY ,DAY BY ! ,S\? ,AFRICAN ,TRADES & ,LABOR ,C\NCIL & ! ,CAPE ,F$]ATION ( ,LABOR ,UNIONS SUPPORT$ ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ FASCISM1 AGA9/ ! ,ITALIAN 9VASION ( ,E?IOPIA1 & = ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION L$ BY AN>*I/S4 

,9 ! #a#i#dS1 ! ,C,P,S,A L$ MAJOR UNIONS1 & HELD L>GE ,MAY ,DAY EV5TS4 ,! ,A,N,C WAS !N F> SMALL] ?AN ! ,C,P,S,A4 

,MAY ,DAY UND] AP>!ID 

,MAY ,DAY WAS CLOSELY L9K$ TO ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ AP>!ID4 ,! ,NATIONALI/ GOV]NM5T BANN$ ! ,C,P,S,A 9 ,JULY #aie & ! LA/ MASS ,MAY ,DAY UND] AP>!ID 9 #a#i#e1 WAS A G5]AL /RIKE BY ! ,A,N,C & ,C,P,S,A4 ,9 ,CAPE ,T[N1 WORK]S PROTE/+ ! PASS SY/EM W]E ATTACK$ BY ! POLICE & 9 ,JOHANNESBURG POLICE KILL$ #ah M>*]S4 

,! ,S,A ,CONGRESS ( ,TRADE ,UNIONS 7,SACTU7 WAS =M$ 9 #aiee & RESOLV$ TO CONT9UE TO ORGANIZE ,MAY ,DAYS4 ,SACTU H[EV] HAD COLLAPS$ UND] ! PRESSURE ( /ATE H>ASSM5T BY #a#i#f#d4 

,! NEW UNIONS ( ! #a#i#gS BR\<T ,MAY ,DAY BACK4 ,9 #a#i#h#e1 SOME UNIONS WON ! DAY (F1 & ?OSE ?AT DIDN'T1 SIMPLY TOOK IT (F4 ,MAY ,DAY AS A PAID HOLIDAY =M$ P>T ( ,COSATU'S 7,CONGRESS ( ,S\? ,AFRICAN ,TRADE ,UNIONS7 ,LIV+ ,WAGE ,CAMPAIGN DEM&S & WORK]S SET ,MAY ,DAY #a#i#h#f1 ! #a? ANNIV]S>Y ( ! ,*ICAGO /RIKES AS !IR T>GET4 ,?IS WAS HUGELY SUPPORT$ & ! /ATE WAS F9ALLY =C$ TO DECL>E ,MAY ,DAY AS A HOLIDAY 9 #a#i#i4 

,MAY ,DAY TODAY 

,! EV5TS ( ! ,HAYM>KET TRAG$Y >E DEF9+ MOM5TS = WORK]S >\ND ! WORLD1 A SYMBOL ( C\NTLESS /RUGGLES AGA9/ CAPITALISM1 ! /ATE & OPPRESSION4 ,NO VICTORIES >E POSSIBLE )\T ! /RUGGLES ( ?OSE ?AT CAME BE=E4 ,FRE$OMS WON 9 REC5T TIMES RE/ ON ! SACRIFICES ( SELFLESS M>TYRS LIKE ! ,I,W,P,A AN>*I/S4 

,MAY ,DAY IS A SYMBOL ( WORK+ CLASS SOLID>ITY & UNITY1 ( REMEMBRANCE & COMMEMORATION4 

,IT IS ALSO A CELEBRATION ( ! UN%AKABLE P[] ( ! WORK+ CLASS UNIT$1 & ! CULTURE ( RESI/ANCE ?AT IT HAS C>V$ \T = ITSELF 9 ! LONG HI/ORY ( ITS EXI/5CE4 ,MAY ,DAY MU/ AGA9 S]VE AS A RALLY+ PO9T = ! NEW ANTI-CAPITALI/1 P>TICIPATORY-DEMOCRATIC LEFT RESI/ANCE4 ,9 \R [N C\NTRY1 EV5 ! #h-H\R DAY IS NOT A REALITY = ! MAJORITY4 ,WE NE$ TO DEF5D & EXT5D ! LEGACY ( ! ,HAYM>KET AFFAIR4 

,FROM 3 ,!,AN>*I/,LIBR>Y4ORG4 

,*RONOLOGY 3 
,JANU>Y #b#c1 #bba 3 ,:Y ,MAY ,DAY ,MATT]S -- ,ADD$4 
,JANU>Y #f1 #bbb 3 ,:Y ,MAY ,DAY ,MATT]S -- ,UPDAT$4 

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