,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P3 #a#i#c#g-#a#i#c#i ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON ,SECTIONS 7,T,O,C7 3 O ,PREFACE #b1#c#b#h ,WORDS2 #a#e1#a#b#h ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #a 3 ,9TRODUCTION & ,*RONOLOGY #b1 ,WORDS2 #a#d1#b#c#a ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #b 3 ,T[>DS ,JULY #ai #a1#c#a#i ,WORDS2 #h1#g#i#c ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #c 3 ,FROM ,JULY TO ,MAY3 ,UNCONTROLLABLES OR ,REVOLUTION>IES8 #a1#d#a#c ,WORDS2 #i1#e#f ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #d 3 ,ORIG9S ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI2 ,! ,OPPOSITION TO ,MILIT>IZATION & ,BALIUS'S ,J\RNALI/IC ,C>E] #c1#h#c#g ,WORDS2 #b#d1#i#b#e ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #e 3 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P FROM ITS ,9CEPTION UP TO ! ,MAY ,EV5TS #a1#f#h ,WORDS2 #a#a1#b#h#a ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #f 3 ,! ,MAY ,EV5TS #c1#c#f#a ,WORDS2 #b#a1#d#g#h ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #g 3 ,AFT] ,MAY #e1#b#e#a ,WORDS2 #c#d1#e#g ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #h 3 ,BALIUS' ,PAMPHLET3 ,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION #c1#a#d#b ,WORDS2 #b1#d#f#c ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #i 3 ,BALIUS'S ,?\ACT]S O ,*APT] #a 3 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S ,RELATIONS ) ! ,TROTSKYI/S #c1#h#d#h ,WORDS2 #b#d1#h#c#d ,*>ACT]S O ,*APT] #aa 3 ,CONCLUSIONS & ,CONCLUD+ ,NOTE #a#d1#g#b#c ,WORDS2 #i#g1#f#b#a ,*>ACT]S O ,NOTES #b1#h#a#f ,WORDS2 #a#h1#e#a#h ,*>ACT]S ,SECTIONS 7,CONT5T7 3 O ,PREFACE ,PREFACE TO ! ,5GLI%-LANGUAGE ,$ITION ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON'S MONOGRAPH ON ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P AF=DS READ]S ( ,5GLI% ! MO/ COMPREH5SIVE & ?OR\< EXPLORATION & ACC\NT ( ! HI/ORY & IDEAS ( ?AT GR\P4 ,FEW GR\PS IF ANY HAVE SUFF]$ FROM SU* WIDESPREAD MISUND]/&+1 EXAGG]ATION & 9T]E/$ MISREPRES5TATION4 ,GUILLAMON HAS BR\XI/S & LIB]T>IANS HAVE VI$ ) ONE ANO!R 9 !IR CONDEMNATION & MISREPRES5TATION ( ! GR\P & ITS MESSAGE4 ,ITALIAN ,/AL9I/S ACC\NT$ ASSOCIATION ) ! GR\P GR\NDS 5\< UPON :I* TO EXECUTE POLITICAL OPPON5TS4 ,ON ,MAY #b#i1 #a#i#c#g1 ! ,ITALIAN ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY PAP] ,IL ,GRIDO DEL ,POPOLO C>RI$ AN ITEM :I* REF]R$ TO ,CAMILLO ,B]N]I AS 0ONE ( ! LEAD]S ( ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' ,GR\P1 :I* 74447 PROVOK$ ! BLOODY 9SURRECTION AGA9/ ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT ,GOV]NM5T 9 ,CATALONIA .<&.> WAS GIV5 HIS JU/ DESS]TS DUR+ ?AT REVOLT AT ! H&S ( ! ,DEMOCRATIC ,REVOLUTION1 :OSE LEGITIMATE RI*I/1 RETORT$ ?AT 0,! UN=TUNATE COMRADE ,B]N]I WAS NOT A MEMB] ( ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' ,GR\P1 NOT ?AT !RE W\LD BE ANY?+ WRONG 9 ?AT & IT W\LD NEV] EXCUSE ! C[>DLY MURD] ( :I* HE WAS ! VICTIM4 ,NO D\BT ! DEMOCRATIC 'J\RNALI/' FROM ,IL ,GRIDO DEL ,POPOLO MU/ BE A CORELIGIONI/ ( ! P]PETRATORS ( ! B>B>\S ACT H5CE ! CONC]N TO REPRES5T ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' AS ! PROVOCATEURS ( ! BLOOD%$1 :I* EV]YBODY1 ! :OLE WORLD1 SAVE LL ,GRIDO DEL ,POPOLO1 KN[S W]E ( 'DEMOCRATIC' D]IVATION40.<#a.> ,CURI\S ?AT ! ,ITALIAN AN>*I/S ( ! ,ASCASO ,COLUMN1 :OSE SCRUPUL\S COMMITM5T TO PR9CIPLE OV] PRAGMATISM FREQU5TLY SET !M AT ODDS ) !IR ,SPANI% COLLEAGUES1 SEEM TO HAVE F\ND LITTLE IF ANY?+ TO CRITICIZE 9 ! P]=MANCE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,EV5 ) ! B5EFIT ( T5 YE>S ( H9DSI ,AS TO ! ALLEGATION ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI HAD 9/IGAT$ ! FICELONA 9 ,MAY1 !Y REBUTT$ ?AT :5 IT CAME FROM ,LAS ,NOTICIAS4 0,!Y MU/ ?9K US REAL IDIOTS1 BECAUSE1 HAD ! GR\PS !Y NAM$ .IAN ,Y\?.> BE5 ! 9/IGATORS ( ! REVOLT1 NO WAY W\LD WE HAVE SURR5D]$ ! /REETS40.<#c.> ,IF ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI C]TA9LY DID NOT 9/IGATE ! EV5TS ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 !Y EQUALLY C]TA9LY W]E AMONG ! FEW ) A READY RESPONSE TO !M4 ,!Y HAD BE5 ALIVE TO ! 5CROA*M5TS ( ! REVIV$ ,CATALAN ,/ATE & B\RGEOISIE = QUITE SOME TIME & HAD BE5 YE>N+ = A RETURN TO ! UNCOMPLICAT$ RADICAL CONFRONTATIONS ?AT HAD BR\ ,SU* A FEEL+ WAS A RA!R DIFFUSE PRES5CE 9 MANY SECTORS ( ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T 9 ,CATALONIA4 ,! DALLIANCE ( ! ORGANIZATIONS' HI<] COMMITTEES ) POLITICIANS & !IR PURSUIT ( A UNIFI$ & DISCIPL9$ POLICY AS AN AID TO !M 9 !IR DEAL+S ) ! LATT] HAD L$ TO C]TA9 UNWELCOME *ANGES 9 ! EV]YDAY PRACTICES ( ?OSE ORGANIZATIONS4 ,BY ,JANU>Y #aicg ,IDEAS WAS ISSU+ REM9D]S ( ! PROPRIETIES ( TRADE UNION F$]ALISM ) ! CAPITALIZ$ W>N+3 0,! SO-CALL$ HI<] COMMITTEES \E IMPLEM5T$4 ,?AT IS :AT F$]ALISM IS1 :ATEV] ELSE IS DONE IS DICTATOR%IP & ?AT CANNOT BE TOL]AT$ = ONE M9UTE MORE40.<#e.> ,?AT SAME MON? ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\? PAP] ,RUTA WAS PO9T$LY REM9D+ ITS READ]S ?AT 0,ALL WE CAN EXPECT ( SELF-SUFFIC+ M9ORITIES SEEK+ TO SET !MSELVES UP AS 9FALLIBLE GUIDES IS DICTATOR%IP & OPPRESSION40.<#f.> ,!RE SEEM TO HAVE BE5 ?REE MAJOR PREOCCUPATIONS AMONG ?OSE UNEASY ) ! /AGNATION & EBB+ ( ! REVOLUTION3 #a4 ! ATTEMPT TO RELEGATE ! REVOLUTION TO SECOND PLACE BEH9D ! W> EF=T2 #b4 ! ]OSION ( ACC\NTABILITY ( ! HI<] COMMITTEES2 #c4 ! SUSPICION ?AT SOME COMPROMISE RESOLUTION BROK]$ BY \TSIDE P[]S WAS BE+ HAT*$4.<#g.> ,MANY RECKON$ ?AT !IR V]Y [N LEAD]S HAD BE5 S$UC$ & CORRUPT$ BY ASSOCIATION ) POLITICIANS4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI %>$ & ADDRESS$ ALL ( !SE CONC]NS4 ,ALONE AMONG ALL ! DISSID5TS 9 ! LIB]T>IAN CAMP1 !Y S\LY SE5 9 ! LETT] :I* TWO MEMB]S ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI PUBLI%$ 9 ! PAGES ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A ON ,MAY #b#i1 #a#i#c#g4 ,FOLL[+ A ?REAT BY ! REGIONAL COMMITTEES ( ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I & BY ! ,C,N,T'S ,LOCAL ,F$]ATION 9 ,B>CELONA TO EXPEL ALL MEMB]S ( ! ,FRI5DS :O FAIL$ TO PUBLICLY DISASSOCIATE !MSELVES FROM ! ,GR\P1 ,JOAQU9 ,AUBI & ,ROSA ,MUNOZ RESIGN$ FROM IT1 ALBEIT SPECIFY+ ?AT 0,I CONT9UE TO REG>D ! COMRADES BELONG+ TO ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' AS COMRADES3 BUT ,I SAY AGA9 :AT ,I HAVE ALWAYS SAID AT PL5UMS 9 ,B>CELONA3 ',! ,C,N,T HAS BE5 MY WOMB & ! ,C,N,T WILL BE MY TOMB4'0 ,?AT DICTUM 9 FACT C\LD S]VE AS AN EPITAPH = ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI AS A :OLE4 ,IT DOES NOT APPE> ?AT ! COMMITTEES' DECISION TO PROCE$ ) EXPULSIONS WAS EV] ACTIVAT$1 & ?AT 9 ITSELF SEEMS TO CONFIRM ! DEGREE ( RANK & FILE SUPPORT = ! ,FRI5DS1 AS DOES ! ,C,N,T NATIONAL PL5UM ( REGIONALS' 5DORSEM5T ( ,CATALONIA'S 9T5TION TO 0EXPEL FROM ! ,ORGANIZATION ! LEAD+ LIE NECESS>Y TO 5SURE ?AT NO SPLIT 5SUES AS A CONSEQU5CE ( ?IS40.<#h.> ,AGA9 ! ,FRI5DS HAD TO REM9D !IR 0SUP]IORS0 ( ! NORMS ( ! ORGANIZATION4 ,NO ONE EV] JO9$ ! ,C,N,T1 ! ,CONF$]ATION4 ,ALL ,C,N,T MEMB]S BELONG$ TO LOCAL UNIONS & F$]ATIONS & SOV]EIGNTY RESID$ 9 !SE4 0,WE CAN ONLY BE EXPELL$ FROM ! CONF$]AL ORGANIZATION BY ! ASSEMBLIES ( ! UNIONS4 ,LOCAL & COM>CAL PL5UMS >E NOT EMP[]$ TO EXPEL ANY COMRADE4 ,WE 9VITE ! COMMITTEES TO RAISE ! MATT] ( ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' 9 ! ASSEMBLIES1 :I* IS :]E ! ORGANIZATION'S SOV]EIGNTY RESIDES40.<#i.> ,A SIMIL> CONC]N ) CON/ITUTIONAL PROC$URE CAN BE SE5 9 ! ,FRI5DS' REACTION TO ! NEWS ?AT ! >*-,TRE9TI/A ,ANGEL ,PE/ANA1 LEAD] ( ! ,SYNDICALI/ ,P>TY1 HAD BE5 READMITT$ 9TO ! ,C,N,T FOLD4 0,WE CANNOT UND]/& H[ ,PE/ANA HAD BE5 ADMITT$ )\T HAV+ BE5 REQUIR$ TO W9D UP HIS ,SYNDICALI/ ,P>TY1 A PRECONDITION /IPULAT$ ON O!R OCCASIONS :5 !RE WAS TALK ( HIS POSSIBLY REJO9+40.<#a.> ,PREOCCUPI$ AS IT WAS ) PRES]V+ ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S CL\T )9 ! ,REPUBLICAN COALITION1 ! LEAD]%IP ( ?AT CONGLOM]ATE WAS EV] AL]T TO 9FILTRATION & TO ABUSE ( ITS 9ITIALS4 ,& PROMPT TO SEE ?REATS ( BO? 9 ! ,FRI5DS4 ,!RE W]E D>K H9TS ( 0M>XISM01 DUE TO C]TA9 COMMON GR\ND 9 ! DECL>ATIONS ( ! M9USCULE ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ CONT+5T & ( ! ,FRI5DS1 AS WELL AS ! ,FRI5DS' NONSECT>IAN ACKN[L$GM5T ( H[ ! ,P,\,M HAD ACQUITT$ ITSELF DUR+ ! /REET-FIGES ( 0M>XI/0 LEVEL$ OR :ISP]$ AGA9/ HIM4.<#a#a.> ,GUILLAMON DEALS DEF9ITIVELY ) ! ALLEGATIONS ( ,P,\,M & ,TROTSKYI/ CONNECTIONS1 LAY+ ?OSE ALLEGATIONS TO RE/4 ,LESS EASILY DISPOS$ ( IS ! MY?OLOGY SURR\ND+ :AT ! ,FRI5DS !MSELVES RECOGNIZ$ WAS A 0SLIY ,JUNTA4 ,! FIR/ ?+ ?AT NE$S TO BE SAID IS ?AT ,JUNTA 9 ,SPANI% DOES NOT HAVE ! SAME PEJORATIVE CONNOTATION AS IT DOES 9 ,5GLI%4 ,EA* ,C,N,T UNION WAS RUN BY A ,JUNTA4 ,9 ,MEXICO1 ! ,MEXICAN ,LIB]AL ,P>TY ( ! BRO!RS ,MAGON WAS RUN BY A ,JUNTA4 ,SO ! WORD ITSELF C>RIES NO SUGGE/ION ( AU?ORIT>IANISM4 ,! NEXT PO9T TO BE MADE PLA9 IS ?AT ! ,FRI5DS W]E AGITAT+ = A ,JUNTA1 NOT REPORT+ ! =MATION ( ONE4 ,HAD !Y ACTUALLY =M$ ONE & ADMITT$ ! ,P,\,M 9TO IT ALONGSIDE !MSELVES1 !N ! *>GES ( 0AN>*O-,BOL%EVISM0 SOMETIMES LEVEL$ AGA9/ !M1 MI ,ONE ( ! MO/ 9VIDI\S REPRES5TATIONS1 OR MISREPRES5TATIONS REG>D+ ! ,FRI5DS HAS BE5 ! DECISION BY ,CES> ,M4 ,LOR5ZO TO 9CORPORATE 9TO ! FOOTNOTES ( HIS BOOK ,LOS AN>QUI/AS ESPANOLES Y EL POD] 7,P>IS1 #a#i#g#b7 ( A REF]5CE TO A ,MANIFIE/O DE ,UNION ,COMMUNI/A PURPORT+ TO SPEAK = ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 ! ,P,\,M & C]TA9 ELEM5TS ( ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?4 ,ON ! FACE ( IT1 ?IS CL9*ES ! CASE = ! ,FRI5DS' HAV+ ASSOCIAT$1 9DE$ AMALGAMAT$ !MSELVES ) M>XI/ ELEM5TS 9 A SELF-APPO9T$ VANGU>D UNION4 ,BUT IT IS NO?+ ( ! SORT4 ,LOR5ZO /ATES ?AT ! MANIFE/O WAS 0DI/RIBUT$ AT ! BEG9N+ ( ! MON? ( ,JUNE10 )\T SPECIFY+ :]E4.<#a#c.> ,9 FACT1 ! TEXT HE CITES COMES FROM A LEAFLET DI/RIBUT$ 9 ,P>IS AT ! ,VELODROME D',HIV] ON ,JUNE #a#f1 #aicg BY MILITANTS ( ! T9Y ,FR5* ,UNION ,COMMUNI/E ORGANIZATION BY WAY ( A RETORT TO ,G>CIA ,OLIV] & ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y1 TO CONTRA/ !IR (FICIAL ,C,N,T-,F,A,I L9E ) ! REVOLUTIONISM DISPLAY$ BY ! ?REE NAM$ GR\PS 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,:E!R ,LOR5ZO'S FAILURE TO MAKE ?IS CLE> IS DUE TO AN OV]SI*O-,BOL%EVIK =MATION IS UNCLE>1 BUT ! MISREPRES5TATION HAS BE5 TAK5 UP UNCRITICALLY BY O!RS & CONTRIBUT$ TO ! %AD[ ( IGNORANCE HANG+ OV] ! GR\P & ITS IDEAS4.<#a#d.> ,UNION ,COMMUNI/E /OLE A M>* ON AN>*I/ SYMPA?IZ]S ) ! ,FRI5DS 7SU* AS ,&RE ,PRUDHOMMEAUX7 BY PUBLI%+ TRANSLATIONS ( >TICLES FROM ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO 9 ITS [N PAP]1 ,L',9T]NATIONALE 9 ,DECEMB] #a#i#c#g4 ,UNION ,COMMUNI/E SOME:AT OV]/ATES ! CASE1 H[EV]1 :5 IT ADD$ ! COMM5T ?AT3 0,:AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI CANNOT SAY )9 ! N>R[ CONF9ES ( AN $ITORIAL 9 A CL&E/9E PUBLICATION IS ?AT ?IS REVOLUTION>Y !ORY IS ! H&IWORK ( A VANGU>D4 ,! NECESSITY ( REVOLUTION>Y !ORY IMPLIES ! NECESSITY ( AN ORGANIZ$ VANGU>D1 ?R[N UP BY ! /RUGGLE1 :I* DEBATES & DEVISES ! ELEM5TS ( ! REVOLUTION'S PROGRAM4 ,! NECESSITY1 !RE=E1 ( A 0P>TY01 OR1 S9CE ?IS WORD P>TY HAS BE5 OV]US$ TO MEAN TREA*]\S ORGANIZATIONS1 ( A B&+ TOGE!R ( ! MO/ CLE>-SIY P>TY ?AT ! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT LACK$ 9 ! BATTLES ( REC5T YE>S01 WAS WELL WIDE ( ! M>K1 AS ,GUILLAMON MAKES PLA94.<#a#e.> ,?AT !RE W]E C]TA9 QUE/IONS RAIS$ BUT NOT QUITE CL>IFI$ 9 ! PAGES ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO & 9 ! ,GR\P'S FULL] MANIFE/O ,T[>DS ( ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION CANNOT BE D5I$4 ,! ,FRI5DS W]E MAK+ AN HONE/ EF=T TO >TICULATE 9 AN AN>*I/ IDIOM :AT !Y ?\DS O!R ANTIFASCI/S & A SECOND W9D TO ! REVOLUTION :I* HAD BE5 SO D5ATUR$ BY COLLABORATION UND] ! UMBRELLA ( ANTIFASCISM4 ,ONE RECURR5T PHRASE IS !IR CLAIM ?AT REVOLUTION>IES HAD TO QUEM> UNA ETAPA 7/EP ?+S UP A NOT*74 ,!Y S\IAN ELEM5T1 5SUR+ ?AT DUE RECOMP5SE WAS RECEIV$ = EF=T EXP5D$4 ,!Y S\ ,MORE REC5TLY1 A RA!R ABSURD READ+ ( ! FACTS SURR\ND+ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI & ! *>ACT] ( ,JAIME ,BALIUS HAS EM]G$ FROM ! P5S ( A DUO ( ,SPANI% ACADEMIC HI/ORIANS1 ,5RIC ,UCELAY DA ,CAL & ,SUSANA ,TAV]A4 ,/>T+ FROM ! LAUDABLE 9T5TION ( TRAC+ ! GR\P DYNAMICS )9 LIB]T>IAN CIRCLES 9 ,CATALONIA & ) SPECIAL REF]5CE TO ! 5SCONCEM5T ( ,JAC9TO ,TORYHO AS $ITOR ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A & AS ! SPOKESMAN = ! 0(FICIAL L9E0 ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I 9 ,CATALONIA1 ! AU?ORS CONCOCT A ,MA*IAVELLIAN TALE ( ,BALIUS'S FRU/RAT$ J\RNALI/IC AMBITION FE/]+ 9TO CYNICAL EXPLOITATION ( ! MISGIV+S & RES5TM5TS ( DISS5T+ LIB]T>IANS4 ,GUILLAMON RITICLE 9 QUE/ION AS 0NONS5SE10 0\TRAGE\S0 & 0D]OGATORY0 & IT W\LD BE A PITY IF ! AU?ORS' ACADEMIC DI/9CTION W]E TO BREA! LIFE 9TO :AT IS UNQUE/IONABLY A V]Y %ABBY & %ODDY PIECE ( HI/ORICAL RESE>*1 ALL ! MORE AGGRAVAT+ = ! PAIR'S SELF-CONGRATULATION4 ,!IR CONCOCTION (F]S ! READ] A DESCRIPTION ( ! LAUN*+ ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 9 ,M>* #aicg AS 0AN ATTEMPT TO 9JECT SIGNIFICANT POLITICAL CONT5T 9TO P]SONAL FRU/RATION1 S+L+ \T AS ! 5EMY ! C\NT]-REVOLUTION & ! ,/AL9I/S &1 TO A LESS] EXT5T1 ?OSE RESPONSIBLE = HIS .<,BALIUS'S.> DISPLACEM5T )9 ! ,C,N,T40.<#a#g.> ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON IS TO BE CONGRATULAT$ = HAV+ UND]TAK5 HIS RESE>* 9 A SPIRIT ( SCI5TIFIC 9QUIRY4 ,HE DEALS COMPREH5SIVELY ) ! USUAL FICTIONS & (F]S US A SCRUPUL\SLY ACCURATE ACC\NT ( !,IDEAS& OBJECTIVES ( :AT REMA9S ! MO/ FASC9AT+ & MO/ >TICULATE ( ! DISS5T+ GR\PS )9 ! GREAT] FAMILY ( ,SPANI% LIB]T>IANISM 9 ! CRUCIAL YE> ( #a#i#c#g4 "9"9 O ,*APT] #a 3 ,9TRODUCTION & ,*RONOLOGY #a4 ,9TRODUCTION & ,*RONOLOGY ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E AN AN>*I/ AFF9ITY GR\P F\ND$ 9 ,M>* #a#i#c#g4 ,ITS MEMB]S W]E MILITIANS ) ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN OPPOS$ TO MILIT>IZATION &_/OR AN>*I/S CRITICAL ( ! ,C,N,T'S 5TRY 9TO ! ,REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T & ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T4 ,! HI/ORICAL & POLITICAL IMPORTANCE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P LIES 9 ITS ATTEMPT1 EMANAT+ FROM )9 ! RANKS ( ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T ITSELF 79 #a#i#c#g7 TO CON/ITUTE A REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>D ?AT W\LD PUT PAID TO DEP>TURES FROM REVOLUTION>Y PR9CIPLES & TO COLLABORATION ) ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE3 LEAV+ ! ,C,N,T TO DEF5D & PRESS HOME ! 0GA9S0 ( ,JULY #a#i#c#f1 9/EAD ( SURR5D]+ !M LITTLE BY LITTLE TO ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,?IS $ITION ( ,BALANCE EXAM9ES ! PROCESS :]EBY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI EM]G$1 !IR IDEOLOGICAL *>ACT]I/ICS & ! EVOLUTION ( !IR POLITICAL ?9K+1 !IR DEAL+S ) ! ,TROTSKYI/S1 & ! REASONS BEH9D ! FAILURE ( !IR FI*O-SYNDICALISM'S DOCTR9AL PURITY & SALVAGE ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION ( #a#i#c#f4 ,!RE FOLL[S A *RONOLOGY :I*1 ?\< SELECTIVE RA!R ?AN EXHAU/IVE1 CONTA9S H]ET(ORE UNPUBLI%$ 9=MATION4 ,?IS *RONOLOGY IS 9T5D$ TO AF=D FAMILI>ITY ) ! ESS5TIAL HI/ORICAL EV5TS1 SO ?AT ! >GUM5TS SPELL$ \T 9 ?IS /UDY MAY BE MORE READILY & /RICTLY COMPREH5SIBLE4.<#a#h.> ,*,R,O,N,O,L,O,G,Y ,JULY #a#g-#b#a1 #a#i#c#f3 ,S]VICEM5 & FASCI/S REBEL AGA9/ ! GOV]NM5T ( ! ,REPUBLIC4 ,:]E ! WORK]S (F] >M$ RESI/ANCE1 ! REBELS FAIL1 SECUR+ VICTORY ONLY :]E !RE >E ATTEMPTS AT CONCILIATION OR NO >M$ CONFRONTATION4 ,CIVIL W> ]UPTS4 ,JULY #b#a1 #a#i#c#f3 ,E/ABLI%M5T 9 ,CATALONIA ( ! ,C5TRAL ,ANTI-,FASCI/ ,MILITIAS ,COMMITTEE 7,C,A,M,C74 ,NO WORK]S' ORGANIZATION TAKES P[]4 ,AUGU/ #a#i-#b#e1 #a#i#c#f3 ,TRIAL ( ! ,SIXTE5 9 ,MOSC[4 ,Z9OVIEV1 ,KAM5EV & ,SMIRNOV EXECUT$4 ,RADEK PLAC$ UND] >RE/4 ,SEPTEMB] #b#f1 #a#i#c#f3 ,?REE AN>*I/S -- ,DOM5E*1 ,FABREGAS & ,G>CIA ,BIRLAN -- JO9 ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T 9 ,CATALONIA4 ,OCTOB] #b1 #a#i#c#f3 ! ,C,A,M,C IS W\ND UP4 ,OCTOB] #a#b1 #a#i#c#f3 ,A ,G5]ALIDAD DECREE DISSOLVES ! 7REVOLUTION>Y7 ,LOCAL ,COMMITTEES4 ,!SE >E %ORTLY TO BE REPLAC$ BY NEW1 ,POPUL> ,FRONT-/YLE T[N C\NCILS4 ,OCTOB] #b#g1 #a#i#c#f3 ,A ,G5]ALIDAD DECREE ORD]S MILIT>IZATION ( ! ,PEOPLE'S ,MILITIAS4 ,NOVEMB] #d1 #a#i#c#f3 ,F\R AN>*I/ M9I/]S -- ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ,FR$]ICA ,MONTS5Y1 ,JOAN ,PEIRO & ,JUAN ,LOPEZ -- JO9 ! ,REPUBLIC'S GOV]NM5T4 ,NOVEMB] #e1 #a#i#c#f3 ,DURRUTI MAKES A RADIO BROADCA/ FROM ! ,MADRID FRONT1 9 :I* HE OPPOSES ! DECREE ISSU$ BY ! ,G5]ALIDAD MILIT>IZ+ ! MILITIAS1 & CALLS = GREAT] COMMITM5T & SACRIFICE FROM ! RE>GU>D IF ! W> IS TO BE WON4 ,NOVEMB] #f1 #a#i#c#f3 ,! ,REPUBLIC'S GOV]NM5T 7ALONG ) ! F\R NEW AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ M9I/]S7 FLEES ,MADRID = ! SAFETY ( ,VAL5CIA4 ,! POPULACE ( ,MADRID'S RESPONSE IS ! CRY ( 0,LONG LIVE ,MADRID )\T GOV]NM5T60 ,NOVEMB] #g1 #a#i#c#f3 ! ,9T]NATIONAL ,BRIGADES 9T]V5E ON ! ,MADRID FRONT4 ,NOVEMB] #i1 #a#i#c#f3 ,=MATION ( ! ,MADRID ,DEF5SE ,JUNTA4 ,NOVEMB] #b1 #a#i#c#f3 ,DURRUTI LOSES HIS LIFE ON ! ,MADRID FRONT4 ,DECEMB] #f1 #a#i#c#f3 ,9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 ,BALIUS PUBLI%ES AN >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,DURRUTI'S ,TE/AM5T0 9 :I* HE /ATES3 0,DURRUTI BLUNTLY ASS]T$ ?AT WE AN>*I/S REQUIRE ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION BE TOTALIT>IAN 9 *>ACT]40 ,DECEMB] #a#f1 #a#i#c#f3 ! ,P,\,M IS EXCLUD$ FROM ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T4 ,DECEMB] #b#a1 #a#i#c#f3 ,/AL9 (F]S ADVICE TO ,L>GO ,CABALL]O4 ,DECEMB] #b#i1 #a#i#c#f3 ,PUBLICATION ( ISSUE ,NO4 #a ( ,IDEAS4 ,JANU>Y #b#f1 #a#i#c#g3 ,BALIUS APPO9T$ DIRECTOR ( ,LA ,NO*E4 ,FEBRU>Y #e-#h1 #a#i#c#g3 ,PL5>Y ASSEMBLY ( ! CONF$]AL & AN>*I/ MILITIAS MEET+ 9 ,VAL5CIA TO CONSID] ! MILIT>IZATION ISSUE4 ,M>* #d1 #a#i#c#g3 ! NEWSPAP] ,LA ,NO*E C>RIES AN ANN\NCEM5T 9TRODUC+ ! AIMS1 *>ACT]I/ICS & MEMB]%IP CONDITIONS ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P4 ,M>* #d1 #a#i#c#g3 ! ,G5]ALIDAD ISSUES A DECREE W9D+ UP ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS4 ,9 ,LA ,BATALLA 1 ,N9 PASSES FAVORABLE & HOPEFUL COMM5T ON AN >TICLE BY ,BALIUS C>RI$ 9 ! ,M>* #bND $ITION ( ,LA ,NO*E4 ,M>* #a#a1 #a#i#c#g3 ,IDEAS CALLS = ! DISMISSAL ( ,AIGUADE4 ,M>* #a#g1 #a#i#c#g3 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P IS =MALLY E/ABLI%$4 ,BALIUS IS APPO9T$ VICE-SECRET>Y4 ,RUIZ & ,C>R5O >E ON ITS /E]+ COMMITTEE4 ,M>* #b#a1 #a#i#c#g3 ! ,IRON ,COLUMN MEETS 9 ASSEMBLY TO VOTE ON MILIT>IZATION OR DISB&M5T3 IT AGREES TO MILIT>IZATION4 ,LATE ,M>*-E>LY ,APRIL #a#i#c#g3 ,A FLI] BE>+ ! 5DORSEM5T ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P IS ISSU$4 ,APRIL #h1 #a#i#c#g3 ,9 ,IDEAS1 ,BALIUS HAS AN >TICLE PUBLI%$ 5TITL$ 0,LET'S MAKE REVOLUTION10 9 :I* HE SAYS3 0IF .<,COMPANYS.> HAD A L>G] CONT+5T ( >M$ =CES AT HIS DISPOSAL1 HE W\LD HAVE ! WORK+ CLASS BACK 9 ! CAPITALI/ H>NESS40 ,APRIL #a#d1 #a#i#c#g3 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ISSUE A MANIFE/O OPPOS+ ! COMMEMORATION ( ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ! PROCLAMATION ( ! ,REPUBLIC4 7,SUNDAY7 ,APRIL #a#h1 #a#i#c#g3 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI HOLD A RALLY 9 ! ,POLIORAMA ,!AT]4 ,*AIR$ BY ,ROM]O1 IT HE>S CONTRIBUTIONS FROM ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC]1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O & ,V4 ,P]EZ ,COMB9A4 ,APRIL #b#e1 #a#i#c#g3 ! ,U,G,T LEAD] ,ROLDAN ,CORTADA IS MURD]$ 9 ,MOL9S DEL ,LLOBREGAT4 ,APRIL #bg & #b#h1 #a#i#c#g3 ,>M$ CONFLICT BETWE5 AN>*I/S & ,G5]ALIDAD =CES 9 ,BELLV] DE ,C]DANA4 ,ANTONIO ,M>T91 ! AN>*I/ MAYOR ( ,PUIGC]DA1 IS %OT DEAD4 ,LATE ,APRIL #a#i#c#g3 ,A PO/] FROM ! ,GR\P IS P9N$ UP ON TREES & WALLS ?R\<\T ! CITY ( ,B>CELONA4 ,9 IT1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI SET \T !IR PROGRAM3 0,ALL P[] TO ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,ALL ECONOMIC P[] TO ! UNIONS4 ,9/EAD ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD1 ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA40 7,SATURDAY7 ,MAY #a1 #a#i#c#g3 ,AN ORD9>Y WORK+ DAY1 = ! ,G5]ALIDAD HAS BANN$ COMMEMORATION ( ! ,FIR/ ( ,MAY1 9 AN EF=T TO AV]T DI/URBANCES & CONFRONTATIONS4 ,! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T MEETS 9 SESSION1 CONGRATULAT+ ITS ,COMMISS> = ,PUBLIC ,ORD] ON ! SUCCESSES A*IEV$4 ,A PANEL IS MADE UP ( ,T>RADELLAS 7,PRIME ,C\NCILOR71 ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS 7,COMMISS> = ,PUBLIC ,ORD]7 & ,>TEMI ,AIGUADE 7,C\NCILOR = ,9T]NAL ,SECURITY73 IT PROMPTLY HOLDS A MEET+ BEH9D CLOS$ DOORS TO TACKLE URG5T BUS9ESS RELAT+ TO PUBLIC ORD] & SECURITY4 ,! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ISSUES A LEAFLET4 7,SUNDAY7 ,MAY #b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI RALLY 9 ! ,GOYA ,!AT]1 AT :I* ! FILM 0#a#i DE JULIO0 IS SCRE5$ TO COMM5TS FROM ,BALIUS3 !RE >E SPEE*ES BY ,LIB]TO ,CALLEJAS & ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O AS WELL4 ,C,N,T MILITANTS 9T]RUPT A TELEPHONE CONV]SATION BETWE5 ,COMPANYS & ,AZANA4 7,MONDAY7 ,MAY #c1 #a#i#c#g3 ,A LITTLE BE=E #c3 ,P4,M4 ?REE TRUCKLOADS ( ,GU>DS COMM&$ BY ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS ATTEMPT TO SEIZE ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE1 ON ! ORD]S ( ,>TEMI ,AIGUADE4 ,>M$ RESI/ANCE FROM ! ,C,N,T WORK]S ON ! UPP] FLOORS ?W>TS ?IS4 ,)9 A FEW H\RS1 A HO/ ( >M$ B&S HAS BE5 =M$ & ! FIR/ B>RICADES ]ECT$4 ,! MOBILIZATION RESOLVES 9TO TWO SIDES3 ONE MADE UP ( ! ,C,N,T & ! ,P,\,M1 ! O!R ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD1 ! ,P,S,U,C1 ! ,],C & ,E/AT ,CATALA4 ,BUS9ESSES CLOSE D[N4 ,! TRA9 S]VICE /OPS AT #g3 ,P4,M4 ,AT ?AT H\R1 9 ! ,CASA ,C,N,T-,F,A,I 9 ! ,VIA ,DURRUTI1 ! ,C,N,I ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE & ! ,P,\,M ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE MEET4 ,! MAXIMUM DEM& IS ?AT ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS & ,>TEMI ,AIGUADE RESIGN4 ,COMPANYS DOGG$LY OPPOSES ?IS4 7,TUESDAY7 ,MAY #d1 #a#i#c#g3 ,GUN-BATTLES ?R\<\T ! NIRICADES & VIOL5T CLA%ES ?R\<\T ! CITY4 ,9 ! ,SANTS B>RIO #d ,GU>DS >E /RIPP$ ( !IR WEAPONS4 ,COMPANYS ASKS ! ,VAL5CIA GOV]NM5T = AIRCRAFT TO BOMB ! ,C,N,T'S PREMISES & B>RACKS4.<#a#i.> ,! ,C,N,T-CONTROLL$ >TILL]Y ON ,MONTJUI* & ,TIBIDABO IS TRA9$ ON ! ,G5]ALIDAD ,PALACE4.<#b.> ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN1 ,ISGLEAS & ,MOL9A MANAGE TO HALT 9 ,L]IDA1 05 R\TE TO ,B>CELONA10 ! DIVISIONS DISPAT*$ BY ! ,C,N,T'S ,MAXIMO ,FRANCO 7A ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI MEMB]7 & ! ,P,\,M'S ,JOSE ,ROVIRA4 ,AT #g3 ,P4,M4 9 ! ,PR9CIPAL ,PALACE 9 ! ,RAMBLAS1 :I* HAS BE5 COMM&E]$ BY ! ,P,\,M1 ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,ELEUT]IO ,ROIG & ,M>T91 REPRES5T+ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 MEET ,GORK91 ,N9 & ,&RADE1 REPRES5T+ ! ,P,\,M'S ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE4 ,FOLL[+ AN ANALYSIS ( ! SITUATION1 & 9 VIEW ( ! /ANCE ADOPT$ BY ! ,C,N,T1 !Y COME TO AN AGREEM5T TO SUGGE/ AN ORD]LY >M$ )DRAWAL ( COMBATANTS FROM ! B>RICADES4 ,AT #i3 ,P4,M4 ! ,G5]ALIDAD RADIO /ATION ISSUES AN APPEAL FROM ! LEAD]S ( ! V>I\S ORGANIZATIONS 7,G>CIA ,OLIV] REPRES5T+ ! ,C,N,T7 = AN 5D TO FII\S ORGANIZATIONS 7,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y = ! ,C,N,T74 ,A BRO!R ( ,ASCASO IS KILL$4 ,B]N]I & ,B>BI]I >E >RE/$ BY ,GU>DS & ,U,G,T MILITANTS FROM ! ,WAT] ,UNION4 ,!IR CORPSES %[ UP LAT]4 7,?URSDAY7 ,MAY #f1 #a#i#c#g3 ,LA ,BATALLA REPR9TS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI H&BILL4 ,9 ! SAME $ITION1 ,LA ,BATALLA APPEALS = WORK]S TO BACK D[N4 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A DIS[NS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI H&BILL 4 7,FRIDAY7 ,MAY #g1 #a#i#c#g3 ,LA ,BATALLA REIT]ATES ITS APPEAL1 MAK+ IT CONDITIONAL UPON )DRAWAL ( ! SECURITY =CES & RET5TION ( WEAPONS4 ,TRANSPORT S]VICES >E RE/OR$ & A DEGREE ( NORMALITY RETURNS4 ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS S5T BY ! ,VAL5CIA GOV]NM5T REA* ,B>CELONA >\ND #i3 ,P4,M4 ,COMPANYS SURR5D]S CONTROL ( PUBLIC ORD]4 ,! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS PLACE !MSELVES AT ! DISPOSAL ( ! SPECIAL DELEGATE 9 *>GE ( PUBLIC ORD] S5T D[N BY ! ,REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T4 7,SATURDAY7 ,MAY #h1 #a#i#c#g3 ,B>RICADES >E DISMANTL$1 EXCEPT = ! ,P,S,U,C B>RICADES1 :I* P]SI/ 9TO ,JUNE4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI DI/RIBUTE A MANIFE/O REVIEW+ ! EV5TS ( ,MAY4 ,9 ?AT MANIFE/O !RE IS TALK ( 0TREA*]Y0 BY ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP4 7,SUNDAY7 ,MAY #i1 #a#i#c#g3 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A DISMISSES ! MANIFE/O AS DEMAGOG]Y & ! ,GR\P'S MEMB]S AS PROVOCATEURS4 ,MAY #a#g1 #a#i#c#g3 ,NEGR9 TAKES OV] FROM ,L>GO ,CABALL]O AS PREMI]4 ,! ,U,G,T ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE = ,CATALONIA DEM&S ?AT ALL ,P,\,M MILITANTS BE EXPELL$ FROM ITS RANKS & PRESSES ! ,C,N,T TO METE \T ! SAME TREATM5T TO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,MAY #a#i1 #a#i#c#g3 ,ISSUE ,NO4 #a ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO APPE>S4 ,MAY #b#b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,A PL5>Y SESSION ( ! ,C,N,T'S ,LOCAL & ,COM>CAL ,F$]ATIONS HE>S A PROPOSAL ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI BE EXPELL$4 ,A SESSION ( ! ,SABADELL CITY C\NCIL AGREES ?AT C\NCILOR ,BRUNO ,LLADO ,ROCA 7ALSO ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S COM>CAL DELEGATE = ,ECONOMY7 BE /OOD D[N = HAV+ DISPLAY$ A ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI PO/] 9 HIS (FICE4 ,MAY #b#f1 #a#i#c#g3 ,ISSUE ,NO4 #b ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO APPE>S1 HAV+ EVAD$ ! C5SOR4 ,BALIUS IS JAIL$ A FEW DAYS LAT] AS ! DIRECTOR ( A CL&E/9E PUBLICATION1 FOLL[+ A COMPLA9T FROM ! ,P,S,U,C4 ,MAY #b#h1 #a#i#c#g3 ,LA ,BATALLA IS %UT D[N AS IS ! ,P,\,M'S RADIO /ATION4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S SOCIAL PREMISES 9 ! ,RAMBLAS >E %UT D[N4 ,JUNE #f1 #a#i#c#g3 ,! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS >E DISB&$4 ,JUNE #a#b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #c4 ,JUNE #a#f1 #a#i#c#g3 ,! MEMB]S ( ! ,P,\,M ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE >E R\ND$ UP4 ,! ,P,\,M IS PROSCRIB$ & ITS MILITANTS P]SECUT$4 ,JUNE #b#b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #d4 ,JUNE #b#b-#b#d1 #a#i#c#g3 ,&RES ,N9 IS KIDNAPP$ & MURD]$ BY ! ,SOVIET SECRET POLICE4 ,JUNE #b#f1 #a#i#c#g3 ,%[+ SOLID>ITY ) ! ,P,\,M MILITANTS P]SECUT$ BY ! ,/AL9I/S & ! ,REPUBLIC'S POLICE1 ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION CALLS = CONC]T$ ACTION BY ! ,SECTION1 ! LEFT ( ! ,P,\,M & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,JULY #b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,A H&BILL FROM ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA9 7ON BEHALF ( ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL7 EXPRESSES SOLID>ITY ) ! ,P,\,M MILITANTS P]SECUT$ BY ! ,/AL9I/S4 ,JULY #b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #e4 ,AUGU/ #a1 #a#i#c#g3 ,! ,C\NCIL ( ,>AGON IS =CIBLY DISB&$ BY ! GOV]NM5T4 ,AUGU/ #a#b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #f4 ,AUGU/ #c#a1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #g4 ,SEPTEMB] #b#a1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #h4 ,OCTOB] #b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #i4 ,NOVEMB] #h1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #a4 ,NOVEMB] #b1 #a#i#c#g3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #a#a4 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#h3 ,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION PAMPHLET DRAFT$ BY ,BALIUS & PUBLI%$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,FEBRU>Y #a1 #a#i#c#h3 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLE ,NO4 #a#b4 ,JULY TO ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#i3 ,L',ESPAGNE ,N\VELLE ,NOS4 #g TO #i4 "9"9 O ,*APT] #b 3 ,T[>DS ,JULY #ai #b4 ,T[>DS ,JULY #ai ,9 ! ELECTIONS ( ,FEBRU>Y #a#f1 #a#i#c#f1 :I* ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT WON BY A N>R[ M>G91 ! AN>*I/S M\NT$ ONLY TOK5 PROPAG&A ON BEHALF ( !IR AB/5TIONI/ PR9CIPLES & WAT*WORDS4 ,ACCORD+ TO !IR REVOLUTION>Y ANALYSIS ( ! SITUATION1 ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]%IP TOOK ! VIEW ?AT CONFRONTATION ) ! MILIT>Y & ) ! FASCI/S WAS 9EVITABLE1 NO MATT] H[ ! ELECTIONS MI ,SO !Y SET AB\T MAK+ S]I\S PREP>ATIONS = AN IMM95T REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION4 ,! 0,NOSOTROS0 GR\P1 MADE UP ( ,FRANCISCO ,ASCASO1 ,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI1 ,JUAN ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ,AURELIO ,F]N&EZ1 ,RIC>DO ,SANZ1 ,GREGORIO ,JOV]1 ,ANTONIO ,ORTIZ & ,ANTONIO ,M>T9EZ 0,VAL5CIA10 SET ITSELF UP AS A ,C5TRAL ,REVOLUTION>Y ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE4 ,MEMB]S ( ! 0,NOSOTROS0 GR\P W]E M5 ( ACTION1 :O WIELD$ UND5IABLE WORK+ CLASS SWAY OV] ! ,C,N,T MASSES4 ,9 ! E>LY MORN+ ( ,JULY #a#i1 #a#i#c#f1 !SE M5 CLIMB$ 9TO LORRIES FULL ( >M$ MILITANTS & SL[LY T\R$ ! WORK+ CLASS ,PUEBLO ,NUEVO DI/RICT 5 R\TE TO ! CITY C5T]4 ,!Y PUT 9TO EFFECT ! LIB]T>IAN PRACTICE ( TEA*+ BY EXAMPLE4 ,! FACTORY SIR5S ISSU$ A SUMMONS TO WORK]S' 9SURRECTION4 ,:AT FEW WEAPONS W]E AVAILABLE TO !M HAD BE5 OBTA9$ 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#d1 GA!R$ UP FROM ! /REETS :]E !Y HAD BE5 DUMP$ BY ! ,CATALANI/S1 OR AMASS$ 9 ! WEEKS LEAD+ UP TO ,JULY #a#i? 9 RAIDS ON >MORIES1 POLICE1 MILIT>Y DEPOTS1 %IPS' >S5ALS1 ETC4 ,!RE W]E A LOT MORE MILITANTS ?AN WEAPONS1 & = EV]Y COMBATANT D[N$ !RE WAS ANO!R ?REE TO SQUABBLE OV] HIS RIFLE OR H&GUN4 ,BUT ! BULK ( ! WEAPONRY HAD BE5 CAPTUR$ 9 ! C\RSE ( /REET-FIY UPRIS+ :5 ! PEOPLE1 FOLL[+ ! /ORM+ ( ! ,SAN ,&RES B>RACKS1 SEIZ$ SOME #c#e1 RIFLES4 ,! WORK]S HAD SUCCESSFULLY >M$ !MSELVES4 ,IT WAS ?IS ?AT LAY BEH9D ! RESIGNATION ( ,ESC(ET1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD ,COMMISS> = ,PUBLIC ,ORD]4 ,IT WAS IMPORTANT = ! ,REPUBLICAN ,LEFT ( ,CATALONIA 7,],C7 & = ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T ?AT ! >MY REVOLT BE CRU%$3 BUT ?IS >M+ ( ! PEOPLE WAS AN AUGURY ( A HORRIBLE DISA/]1 MORE TO BE FE>$ ?AN A FASCI/ VICTORY4.<#b#b.> ,?ANKS TO ITS MILITANTS' CLASS 9/9CT1 ! ,C,N,T NOT ONLY MANAG$ TO DEFEAT ! >MY REVOLT BUT 5SUR$ ! SUCCESS ( A PROLET>IAN UPRIS+4 ,BUT :5 SOME?+ MORE ?AN CLASS 9/9CT WAS REQUIR$1 :5 IMPLEM5TATION ( REVOLUTION>Y !ORY WAS REQUIR$1 EV]Y?+ W5T TO POT4 ,NO ,REVOLUTION>Y ,!ORY1 ,NO ,REVOLUTION4 ,& ! V]Y PROTAGONI/S ( ! SUCCESS ( ! WORK]S' UPRIS+ W]E />TL$ TO F9D ! REVOLUTION SLIPP+ FROM !IR GRASP4 ,WE >E NOT AB\T TO REHE>SE ! DE$S1 NOR ! TACTICAL ACUM5 :I* MADE ! SUCCESS ( ! POPUL> UPRIS+ 9 ,B>CELONA FEASIBLE4 ,H]E ALL ?AT CONC]NS US IS TO EMPHASIZE ?AT ! 0,NOSOTROS0 GR\P 7ABETT$ BY O!R ,F,A,I AFF9ITY GR\PS7 ACT$ AS A REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>D A/UTE 5\< TO /E] ! CONF$]AL MASSES T[>DS A VICTORI\S UPRIS+4 ,WE >E ALSO CONC]N$ TO UND]L9E ! 9ABILITY ( ?AT GR\P1 & ( ALL ! LABOR LEAD]S & ORGANIZATIONS1 AN>*I/ OR O!RWISE1 TO CONSOLIDATE ! REVOLUTION1 :5 P[] WAS )9 !IR GRASP & WAS !RE = ! TAK+1 BECAUSE ONE MAY BE >M$ ) A RIFLE BUT DIS>M$ 9 POLITICAL T]MS4 ,H[ >E WE TO ACC\NT =1 H[ >E WE TO UND]/& ! UNDISPUT$ LEAD]S ( ! ,C,N,T TROTT+ ALONG TO A R5DEZV\S ) ,COMPANYS 9 ! ,G5]ALIDAD ,PALACE8 ,H[ C\LD !Y HAVE HE$$ A MAN :O 9 ! E>LY MORN+ ( ,JULY #a#i? REFUS$ ! ,C,N,T WEAPONS1 & :O HAD SO (T5 H>ASS$ & 9C>C]AT$ !M8 ,H[ COME !RE WAS /ILL A GOV]NM5T 9 ! ,G5]ALIDAD8 ,:Y DID !Y NOT M>* UP TO ! ,G5]ALIDAD & DO AWAY ) ! B\RGEOISIE'S GOV]NM5T8 ,H[ COME !Y DID NOT PROCLAIM LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM8.<#b#c.> ,! UNACCU/OM$ SPE$ ( EV5TS1 ! RAPIDLY %IFT+ SITUATIONS1 FEATURES ( ANY REVOLUTION>Y ]A1 TOOK BUT A FEW MON?S TO TURN REBELS 9TO M9I/]S1 REVOLUTION>IES 9TO ADVOCATES ( 0S(TLY1 S(TLY10 ,/AL9I/S 9TO BUT*]S1 ,CATALANI/S 9TO SUPPLICANTS BE=E ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T1 AN>*I/S 9TO LOYAL ALLIES & /AUN* BULW>KS ( ! ,/ATE1 ,P,\,MI/S 9TO VICTIMS ( A BRUTAL & HI!RTO 9CONCEIVABLE POLITICAL REPRESSION1 SOCIALI/S 9TO HO/AGES TO ,/AL9ISM & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 9TO MAV]ICKS & PROVOCATEURS4 ,AGA9 WE /RESS ?AT WE HAVE NO 9T5TION ( REHE>S+ EV5TS H]E1 BECAUSE !RE >E ALREADY BOOKS AVAILABLE FROM A NUMB] ( WRIT]S & A V>IETY ( POLITICAL \TLOOKS1 & TO !SE WE W\LD REF] ANYONE :O IS KE5 TO LE>N1 EXPLORE OR REVIEW ! CONCRETE HI/ORICAL FACTS4.<#b#d.> ,\R CONC]N H]E IS ) DISCOV]+1 EXPLA9+ & UNVEIL+ ! ME*ANISM BY :I* AN>*I/S W]E TURN$ 9TO M9I/]S1 ANTI-MILIT>I/S 9TO SOLDI]Y1 5EMIES ( ! ,/ATE 9TO COLLABORATORS ) ! ,/ATE & G5U9E REVOLUTION>IES TRI$ & TE/$ 9 A ?\S& BATTLES 9TO UNWITT+ /ALW>TS ( C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,\R REAL PREOCCUPATION IS ) EXPLA9+ ! PH5OM5ON :I* PLUNG$ SO MANY REVOLUTION>Y MILITANTS 9TO CONFUSION & ! P>ADOX ( BELIEV+ ?AT !Y W]E DEF5D+ ! REVOLUTION :5 9 REALITY !Y W]E AC+ AS ! VANGU>D ( C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,& TO ?AT 5D1 WE MU/ FIR/ SET \T ! !ORETICAL PO9TS.<#b#e.> :I* AF=D US AN 9SI WAS NOT AN ORGAN ( DUAL P[]1 BUT AN AG5CY = MILIT>Y MOBILIZATION ( ! WORK]S1 = SACR$ UNION ) ! B\RGEOISIE1 9 %ORT1 AN AG5CY ( CLASS COLLABORATION4 #b4 ,>M+ ( ! PEOPLE IS MEAN+LESS4 ,! NATURE ( MILIT>Y W>F>E IS DET]M9$ BY ! NATURE ( ! CLASS DIRECT+ IT4 ,AN >MY FIMY 9 ! S]VICE ( CAPITALISM4 #c4 ,W> BETWE5 A FASCI/ ,/ATE & AN ANTIFASCI/ ,/ATE IS NOT A REVOLUTION>Y CLASS W>4 ,! PROLET>IAT'S 9T]V5TION ON ONE SIDE IS AN 9DICATION ?AT IT HAS ALREADY BE5 DEFEAT$4 ,9SUP]ABLE TE*NICAL & PR(ESSIONAL 9F]IORITY ON ! P>T ( ! POPUL> OR MILITIA-BAS$ >MY WAS IMPLICIT 9 MILIT>Y /RUGGLE ON A MILIT>Y FRONT4 #d4 ,W> ON ! MILIT>Y FRONTS IMPLI$ AB&ONM5T ( ! CLASS T]RA94 ,AB&ONM5T ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE SIGNIFI$ DEFEAT = ! REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS4 #e4 ,9 ! ,SPA9 ( ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#f1 REVOLUTION WAS NO MORE & !RE WAS SCOPE ONLY = W>3 ,A NONREVOLUTION>Y MILIT>Y W>4 #f4 ,! COLLECTIVIZATIONS & SOCIALIZATIONS 9 ! ECONOMY C\NT = NO?+ :5 ,/ATE P[] IS 9 ! H&S ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,SECONDLY1 ATT5TION NE$S TO BE DRAWN TO ! ,GORDIAN KNOT :I* LOOM$ AS A DILEMMA 9 ! WEEK FOLL[+ ,JULY #a#i3 EI!R ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE W\LD BE SWEPT AWAY1 & ! PROLET>IAT W\LD /EP ! CLASS /RUGGLE UP A GE> ) ! 9TRODUCTION ( LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM & ! LAUN*+ ( A REVOLUTION>Y W>1 OR ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE W\LD BE ALL[$ TO REBUILD ITS APP>ATUS ( RULE4 ,?IRDLY1 !RE IS ROOM TO ASK :Y ! REVOLUTION>Y OPTION WAS NOT EX]CIS$4 ,& ! ANSW] IS V]Y SIMPLE3 !RE WAS NO REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>D CAPABLE ( /E]+ ! REVOLUTION4 ,9 A LOGICAL1 /R+5T1 PRECISE & TELL+ WAY1 !SE !SES ON ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION>Y & C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS ACC\NT = & %$ LIIZATION ( ! MILITIAS3 ! 5TRY 9TO ! ,REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T ( AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ M9I/]S3 ! IMM$IATE 5DORSEM5T BY !SE NEW 0AN>*I/ M9I/]S0 ( ! GOV]NM5T'S FLI*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]S 9 ! PUTT+ D[N ( ! WORK]S' UPRIS+ 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g3 ! ,C,N,T-,U,G,T UNITY COMPACT ( #a#i#c#h3 COLLABORATION ) ! ,NEGR9 GOV]NM5T1 ETC4 "9"9 O ,*APT] #c 3 ,FROM ,JULY TO ,MAY3 ,UNCONTROLLABLES OR ,REVOLUTION>IES8 #c4 ,FROM ,JULY TO ,MAY3 ,UNCONTROLLABLES OR ,REVOLUTION>IES8 ,! GE/ATION ( ,MAY #aicg BEGAN ONE WEEK AFT] ! REVOLUTION>Y EV5TS ( ,JULY #a#i#c#f4 ,9 ,CATALONIA1 ! REVOLUTION>Y UPRIS+ ( ! WORK+ MASSES HAD SUCCESSFULLY DEFEAT$ ! MILIT>Y1 ?R[N ! ,/ATE'S ADM9I/RATIVE & REPRESSIVE MA*9]Y 9TO DIS>RAY & REMOV$ ! B\RGEOIS CLASS FROM ITS LEAD]%IP FUNCTIONS4 ,NOT ONLY HAD ! MILIT>Y RIS+ AGA9/ ! ,REPUBLIC BE5 FRU/RAT$1 BUT ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE ITSELF HAD SUCCUMB$4 ,! ,CATALAN WORK+ CLASS SEIZ$ WEAPONS FROM ! B>RACKS IT HAD /ORM$1 5SUR$ ?AT ! REPRESSIVE AG5CIES FRAT]NIZ$ ) ! PEOPLE 9 >MS & 9TRODUC$ A NEW1 REVOLUTION>Y ORD].<#b#g.>3 IT ORGANIZ$ & DIRECT$ PRODUCTION 9SIDE FIRMS1 :I* W]E EI!R COLLECTIVIZ$ OR SOCIALIZ$3 & SET UP ,PEOPLE'S ,MILITIAS1 :I* SET (F = ,>AGON4 ,P[] WAS 9 ! /REETS4 ,! PEOPLE WAS >M$4 ,BUT NO PROLET>IAN ORGANIZATION ASSUM$ P[]4 ,! WORK+ CLASS RETA9$ ITS TRADE UNION & POLITICAL ORGANIZATIONS1 )\T CREAT+ NEW ORGANS ( 7UNIFI$7 WORK]S' P[]4 ,& ?AT IS NOT ALL4 ,9 ORD] TO KEEP AFLOAT ! SPECTRAL1 DISCR$IT$ & IMPOT5T B\RGEOIS ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T1 :I* WAS MELT+ LIKE A SUG>-CUBE1 ! SO-CALL$ ,C5TRAL ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS ,COMMITTEE 7,C,A,M,C7 WAS E/ABLI%$4 ,AT NO TIME WAS ! ,C,A,M,C EV] ! EMBRYO ( A NEW WORK]S' P[]3 IT WAS1 RA!R1 A CLASS COLLABORATION AG5CY1.<#b#h.> A PROVISIONAL GOV]NM5T ?AT HELP$ TO RE/ORE ! P[] ( ! B\RGEOIS1 REPUBLICAN ,G5]ALIDAD4 ,! ,C,A,M,C SUPPLANT$ ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T 9 ?OSE FUNCTIONS -- RELATIVE TO ! >MY1 PUBLIC ORD] & PRODUCTION -- :I* !RE WAS NO ONE ELSE CAPABLE ( P]=M+1 FOLL[+ ! DIS9TEGRATION ( B\RGEOIS 9/ITUTIONS4 ,PRESID5T ,COMPANY'S P[] WAS M]ELY NOM9AL1 BUT IT WAS ALSO ! POT5TIAL P[] ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE1 :I* AN>*I/S NOT M]ELY ALL[$ TO SUBSI/ BUT ACTUALLY HELP$ TO SURVIVE & RESURRECT ITSELF1 ALL[+ IT TO 0LEGALIZE10 PO/ FACTO1 ! REVOLUTION>Y GA9S MADE DUR+ ! EV5TS 9 ,JULY4 ,)\T LOOK+ = IT1 ! ,C,A,M,C ACQUIR$ ALL ( ! ACC\T]M5TS ( A GOV]NM5T4 ,BUT 9/EAD ( C5TRALIZ+ ! REVOLUTION>Y P[] ( ! COMMITTEES -- LOCAL COMMITTEES1 DEF5SE COMMITTEES1 WORK]S' COMMITTEES1 PEASANTS' COMMITTEES & COMMITTEES ( EV]Y SORT -- IT BECAME ! *IEF IMP$IM5T TO !IR UNIFICATION & RE9=CEM5T4 ,! ,C,A,M,C WAS A LIFE-JACKET TOSS$ TO A ,G5]ALIDAD AWA% 9 A SEA ( LOCAL REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEES1 ISOLAT$ FROM ONE ANO!R1 :I* 9 ,CATALONIA WIELD$ ! ONLY REAL P[] BETWE5 ,JULY #ai & ,SEPTEMB] #b#f4.<#b#i.> ,AT NO PO9T WAS !RE A DUAL P[] SITUATION 9 EXI/5CE4 ,?IS NOTION IS CRUCIAL TO ANY UND]/&+ ( ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION & CIVIL W>4 ,! ,C,A,M,C WAS A CLASS COLLABORATIONI/ AG5CY4 ,IT WAS NOT ! G]M ( WORK]S' P[] AT LOGG]HEADS ) ! P[] ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE4 ,& ?IS WAS OBVI\S TO ALL ! MA9 POLITICAL LEAD]S1.<#c.> :E!R OR NOT P>TICIPANTS 9 ! ,C,A,M,C4 ,= ?IS REASON1 ! DISSOLUTION ( ! ,C,A,M,C WAS NOT A TRAUMATIC EV5T1 NOR UNDULY IMPORTANT3 IT WAS JU/ ONE ( MANY /EPS 9 ! PROCESS ( RECON/RUCT+ ! ,/ATE P[]1 DISMANTL$ & BATT]$ AFT] ! ,JULY EV5TS4 ,! =MATION ( ! NEW ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T1 ) ! ,C,N,T & ! ,P,\,M BE+ 9CORPORAT$ 9TO IT1 WAS ! LOGICAL SEQUEL TO ! WORK C>RI$ \T BY ! V>I\S P>TIES & TRADE UNIONS )9 ! ,C,A,M,C4 ,?IS C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS1 ?IS PROCESS ( RECON/RUCTION ( CAPITALI/ ,/ATE P[] NECESS>ILY SPAWN$ A NUMB] ( CONTRADICTIONS1 & NATURALLY WAS CAM\FLAG$ OR COV]$ UP BY ! ,C,N,T'S LEAD+ CADRES ) ! FAMILI> 0CIRCUM/ANCIALI/0 >GUM5TS 9VOK+ ANTIFASCI/ UNITY1 ! NE$ TO W9 ! W>1 ! ,C,N,T'S BE+ A M9ORITY ELSE:]E 9 ,SPA91 ! DANG]S ( SC&ALIZ+ ! WE/]N DEMOCRACIES1 ETC4 ,OR EV5 ! MO/ NAIVE >GUM5T -- ?AT !Y W]E TURN+ AWAY FROM AN 0AN>*I/ DICTATOR%IP40 ,= ! ,C,N,T1 ! *IEF CONTRADICTION 9 ?IS UN/OPPABLE RECONQUE/ ( ALL ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE'S PROP] FUNCTIONS1 LAY 9 ! FACT ?AT ?IS WAS FEASIBLE ONLY AT ! CO/ ( AN EQUALLY CONT9U\S & IRREV]SIBLE LOSS ( ! 0GA9S0 :I* ! MASSES HAD WON 9 ,JULY4 ,BETWE5 ,DECEMB] #aicf & ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 WE WITNESS A TUG ( W> & A GR[+ T5SION BETWE5 CON/ANT CONCESSIONS BY ! ,C,N,T1 M>G9ALIZATION ( ! ,P,\,M1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S 9SATIABLE PRESSURE TO RECOV] ALL ( ITS FUNCTIONS1 & ! OV]BE>+ PRESSURES FROM ! ,SOVIETS & !IR 9FILTRATION 9TO ! ,/ATE APP>ATUSES1 9 ,CATALONIA & 9 ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T ALIKE4 ,IT WAS = ?AT REASON ?AT ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS1 & EV]Y?+ HAV+ TO DO ) PUBLIC ORD]1 BORD] CONTROL & COMMUNICATIONS1 W]E 9 ! EYE ( ! HURRICANE4 ,= REVOLUTION>Y MILITANTS1 LABEL$ 0UNCONTROLLABLES0 9 ! T]M9OLOGY ( !IR ADV]S>IES1 RET5TION ( CONTROL OV] PUBLIC ORD]1 ! BORD]S & COMMUNICATIONS &1 ( C\RSE1 ! EXI/5CE ( ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS W]E ! BASIC ?RE%OLD M>K+ ! PO9T ( NO RETURN 9 ! UNCEAS+ CONCESSIONS BY ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y 9SURRECTION ( ,JULY #aicf HAD BE5 BAS$ ON ! DI/RICT OR LOCAL ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES SET UP & TRA9$ MANY MON?S 9 ADVANCE4.<#c#a.> ,9 ! WAKE ( ! ,JULY EV5TS1 ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS W]E AF=D$ 0LEGAL0 RECOGNITION AS A REVOLUTION>Y POLICE ANSW]ABLE TO ! ,C,A,M,C4 ,BUT ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS DID NOT ACC\NT = ! :OLE ( ! 9SURRECTIONI/ MOVEM5T4 ,!RE W]E ALSO ALL !SE DI/RICT OR LOCAL ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES & O!R GR\PS & MILITANTS4 ,FUR!RMORE1 WE NE$ TO UND]L9E ! RADICALLY DIFF]5T NATURES ( ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS & ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES4 ,! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS W]E AN ORGANIZATION CREAT$ BY ! ,C,A,M,C1 TO :I* !Y [$ !IR ORGANIZATION1 ORD]S & MANP[]4 ,! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES W]E A ,C,N,T 9SURG5T AG5CY1 9 EXI/5CE FROM WELL BE=E ,JULY #a#i#c#f4 ,! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS W]E ! 9/ITUTIONALIZATION ( ! SUCCESS ( ! WORK]S' UPRIS+2 ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES1 CONV]T$ 9TO ,REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEES1 :I* L$ A VEGETATIVE EXI/5CE BETWE5 ,JULY #aicf & ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 REPRES5T$ ! 9SURRECTIONI/ MOVEM5T4.<#c#b.> ,H5CE ! ATTACKS BY ALL POLITICAL =CES1 9CLUD+ ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I & ,P,\,M1 UPON ! SO-CALL$ 0UNCONTROLLABLES40 ,?IS D]OGATORY LABEL FITT$ COM=TABLY ) FACILE HIGE ALSO T>GET$ ! ,C,N,T & ! MEASURE ( ITS 0CONTROL0 OV] ITS [N MEMB]%IP4 ,9DE$1 9 ! NEWSPAP]S -- NOT EXCEPT+ ! CONF$]AL PRESS1 ! VA/ MAJORITY ( :I* SUPPOS$ COLLABORATIONISM -- ! T]M 0UNCONTROLLABLE0 WAS US$ AS A SYNONYM = CRIM9AL4 ,?IS IMPLICATION WAS UNREM>KABLE 9 ! B\RGEOIS OR ,/AL9I/ PRESS1 BECAUSE !Y REG>D$ REVOLUTION>IES AS CRIM9ALS4 ,! S]I\S P>ADOX WAS :5 ! ,C,N,T OR ! ,P,\,M US$ ! IDEA ( 0UNCONTROLLABLE0 TO EXCUSE AB&ONM5T ( !IR [N IDEOLOGICAL PR9CIPLES4 ,9 EV]Y REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS1 !RE >ISE GR\PS OR 9DIVIDUALS :O UTILIZE =CE ( >MS = !IR [N ADVANTAGE4 ,BUT ?IS M9ORITY CAN QUICKLY & EASILY BE SUBDU$ BY A CONSOLIDAT$ WORK]S' P[]1 AS ! ,RUSSIAN CASE DEMON/RATES4 ,9 ! ,CATALAN CASE1 IT IS APP>5T ?AT ! ATTACK ON ! 0UNCONTROLLABLES0 IS ALMO/ ALWAYS AN ATTACK UPON PROLET>IAN JU/ICE 7ALI5 TO B\RGEOIS LEGALITY7 & ON REVOLUTION>IES1 :I* IS TO SAY1 ON ?OSE REFUS+ TO LET GO ( ! GA9S SECUR$ BY ! PROLET>IAT 9 ! ,JULY UPRIS+1 OR 9DE$1 KE5 TO TAKE !M 0FUR!R40.<#c#c.> ,LET US CAUTION ! READ] ?AT ?IS APPROA* PRESUPPOSES A V]Y P>TICUL> POLITICAL OPTION.<#c#d.> ?AT EXAM9ES & ACC\NTS = ! EV5TS1 IDEOLOGIES & CONTRADICTIONS ( ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION ( #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i 9 T]MS ( ! CONSEQU5CE ( ! NONEXI/5CE ( A REVOLUTION>Y P>TY4 ,NATURALLY1 ! T]M 0UNCONTROLLABLE0 WAS NOT1 & EV5 TODAY1 IS NOT EMPLOY$ AS AN 9NOC5T1 NEUTRAL T]M4 ,IT IS ABSOLUTELY A D]OGATORY1 CLASS T]M1 ?R\< :I* ! B\RGEOISIE WAS TRY+ TO DISCR$IT & DEFAME REVOLUTION>IES4 ,IT IS NO ACCID5T ?AT 9 ,MAY #aicg ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E OBLIG$ TO HE> !MSELVES 9SULT$ AS UNCONTROLLABLES AS WELL AS AG5TS PROVOCATEURS & MAV]ICKS1 EV5 BY ! ,F,A,I ITSELF4 ,!IR ONLY (F5SE WAS TO HAVE ATTEMPT$ TO PRES5T REVOLUTION>Y GOALS TO ! PROLET>IAT FIRICADES4 ,9 EV]Y HI/ORICAL N>RATIVE1 !RE IS ALWAYS AN OPTION 9 FAVOR ( A P>TICUL> POLITICAL ASSUMPTION4 ,V]Y R>ELY IS IT EXPLICIT1 & IT IS VIRTUALLY ALWAYS D5I$ & HIDD51 9 FAVOR ( A SUPPOS$ 0OBJECTIVITY0 :I* IS BO? SUBLIMAT$ & NONEXI/5T4.<#c#e.> ,ONE F9AL OBS]VATION3 ,MAY #aicg SIGNAL$ ! F9AL DEFEAT ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS LAUN*$ 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f4 ,BUT IT WAS NOT ! 5D ( ! PROCESS ( C\NT]REVOLUTION1 NOR ! 5D ( ,C,N,T COLLABORATIONISM1 :I* W\LD CULM9ATE 9 ! CONCLUSION ( ! ,C,N,T-,U,G,T PACT 9 ,M>*-,APRIL #ai* & 9 5TRY 9TO ! ,NEGR9 GOV]NM5T4 "9"9 O ,*APT] #d 3 ,ORIG9S ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI2 ,! ,OPPOSITION TO ,MILIT>IZATION & ,BALIUS'S ,J\RNALI/IC ,C>E] #d4 ,ORIG9S ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI2 ,! ,OPPOSITION TO ,MILIT>IZATION & ,BALIUS'S ,J\RNALI/IC ,C>E] ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P WAS =MALLY LAUN*$ ON ,M>* #a#g1 #a#i#c#g1 AL?\< ITS ORIG9S CAN BE TRAC$ BACK TO ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f4 ,! ,GR\P WAS ! CONFLU5CE ( TWO MA9 CURR5TS3 ! OPPOSITION ON ! P>T ( AN>*I/ MILITIANS FROM ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN 7& ! ,IRON ,COLUMN.<#c#f.>7 TO MILIT>IZATION ( ! PEOPLE'S MILITIAS1 & ! OPPOSITION TO GOV]NM5TALISM1 BE/ >TICULAT$ 9 ! WRIT+S ( ,JAIME ,BALIUS 7?\< NOT ,JAIME ,BALIUS ONLY7 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A BETWE5 ,JULY & ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#f1 9 ,IDEAS1 BETWE5 ,DECEMB] #aicf & ,APRIL #a#i#c#g1 & 9 ,LA ,NO*E BETWE5 ,M>* & ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,BO? CURR5TS1 ! 0MILITIA0 CURR5T REPUDIAT+ MILIT>IZATION ( ! PEOPLE'S MILITIAS1 AS REPRES5T$ BY ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 & ! 0J\RNALI/IC0 CRITIQUE ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S COLLABORATION ) ! GOV]NM5T1 AS SPE>HEAD$ BY ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 OPPOS$ ! ,C,N,T'S CIRCUM/ANTIALI/ IDEOLOGY 7:I* PROVID$ ! ALIBI = ! JETTISON+ ( AN>*ISM'S QU9TESS5TIAL & FUNDAM5TAL *>ACT]I/ICS7 AS EMBODI$1 TO V>Y+ DEGREES1 BY ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y1 ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN OR ,JUAN ,PEIRO1 AMONG O!RS4 ,REPUDIATION ( MILIT>IZATION ( ! ,PEOPLE'S ,MILITIAS CAUS$ GRAVE UNEASE 9 SEV]AL AN>*I/ MILITIA UNITS1 & WAS >TICULAT$ AT ! PL5UM ( CONF$]AL & AN>*I/ COLUMNS HELD 9 ,VAL5CIA FROM ,FEBRU>Y #e TO #h1 #a#i#c#g4.<#c#g.> ,PABLO ,RUIZ ATT5D$ AS DELEGATE FROM ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN'S MILITIANS ( ! ,GELSA SECTOR :O W]E RESI/ANT TO MILIT>IZATION1 & ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC].<#c#h.> WAS PRES5T TO REPRES5T ! MILITIANS ( ,! ,IRON ,COLUMN4 ,! ,GELSA SECTOR EV5 WITNESS$ A DEFIANT REFUSAL TO COMPLY ) ! ORD]S RECEIV$ FROM ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEES ?AT MILIT>IZATION BE ACCEPT$4 ,! ACRIMONY BETWE5 ?OSE ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN MILITIANS :O AGRE$ TO ! MILIT>IZATION & ?OSE :O REJECT$ IT CAUS$ S]I\S PROBLEMS1 LEAD+ 9 ! 5D TO ! =MATION ( A COMMISSION FROM ! ,COLUMN1 HEAD$ BY ,MANZANA1 :I* RAIS$ ! PROBLEM ) ! ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE4 ,! UP%OT ( !SE DISCUSSIONS WAS ! DECISION ?AT ALL MILITIANS BE GIV5 A =TNIIZATION IMPOS$ BY ! ,REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T1 OR QUIT ! FRONT4.<#c#i.> ,BALIUS'S J\RNALI/IC TRAJECTORY BETWE5 ,JULY #aicf & ! 5D ( ! W> IS V]Y TELL+4 ,HIS POLITICAL /ANCE ( ADVOCACY ( P]MAN5T REVOLUTION REMA9$ VIRTUALLY UN*ANG$ :]EAS HIS PR(ESSIONAL & P]SONAL /&+ UND]W5T RAPID *ANGE ) ! 9COM+ TIDE ( C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,BETWE5 ,JULY & E>LY ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#f1 ,BALIUS1 :O1 ) NO HELP O!R ?AN HIS FRI5D ,GILAB]T1 SAW TO IT ?AT ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A HIT ! /REETS ON ,JULY #b1.<#d.> PUBLI%$ NUM]\S >TICLES 9 ?AT PAP]1 ! *IEF ORGAN ( ! ,C,N,T4 ,SOME W]E PURELY 9=MATIVE.<#d#a.> 9 *>ACT]1 AS WAS APPROPRIATE = J\RNALI/IC REPORTAGE3 BUT MANY ( !M1 & )\T D\BT ! MO/ 9T]E/+ AMONG !M1 W]E EXPRESSIONS ( POLITICAL OP9ION4 ,!SE >TICLES1 :I* FILL$ A REGUL> COLUMN 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 .<#d#b.> OCCASIONALLY APPE>$ ON ! COV] BY WAY ( $ITORIAL COMM5T BY ! PAP]4.<#d#c.> ,& !RE IS EV]Y LIKELIHOOD ?AT ,BALIUS WAS ! WRIT] ( SEV]AL $ITORIALS 79 ,SEPTEMB]-,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f71 PUBLI%$ )\T BYL9E.<#d#d.> AS EXPRESSIONS ( ! ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A POLICY L9E4 ,BUT :ATEV] ! EXT5T ( HIS 9VOLVEM5T 9 ! DRAFT+ ( !SE $ITORIALS1 IT CAN BE AFFIRM$ BEYOND D\BT ( ANY SORT ?AT ,BALIUS1 ?R\< ! PAGES ( ! ,C,N,T'S ORGAN 9 ,CATALONIA1 9 ,SEPTEMB] & ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f1 DUR+ ,LIB]TO ,CALLEJAS'S TIME AS MANAG+ $ITOR1 PLAY$ A V]Y PROM95T IDEOLOGICAL ROLE AS MOLD] & %AP] ( ! POLITICAL /ANCE ( ! ,C,N,T'S MA9 DAILY NEWSPAP]4 ,EV] PRES5T 9 HIS >TICLES WAS 9SI/5CE UPON DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y GA9S ( ,JULY & ! NE$ TO PRESS !SE HOME TO :I* 5D HE URG$ T\<1 DECISIVE REPRESSIVE MEASURES OR1 AS ,BALIUS LIK$ TO CALL !M1 9VOK+ ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 0PUBLIC SAFETY0 MEASURES AGA9/ ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y ?REAT FROM ! B\RGEOISIE4.<#d#e.> ,AT ! BEG9N+ ( ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#f1 ,LIB]TO ,CALLEJAS WAS /OOD D[N AS MANAG+ $ITOR ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A4 ,JAC9TO ,TORYHO WAS APPO9T$ 9 HIS PLACE4.<#d#f.> ,BE> 9 M9D ?AT AT ! BEG9N+ ( ,NOVEMB] ,DURRUTI HAD GONE TO ! ,MADRID FRONT & F\R CONF$]AL M9I/]S HAD JO9$ ! ,REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T4 ,TORYHO'S APPO9TM5T WAS 9 RESPONSE TO ! NE$ = ! DIRECTOR ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A TO BE AN ADAMANT *AMPION ( ! ,C,N,T'S CIRCUM/ANTIALI/ & COLLABORATIONI/ POLICY4 ,BY ! 5D ( ,DECEMB]1 ,TORYHO HAD MANAG$ TO GET RID ( ,LIB]TO ,CALLEJAS'S OLD $ITORIAL TEAM ( ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,M+O1 ,ALEJ&RO ,GILAB]T1 ,P9TADO1 ,GALIPI5ZO1 ,BORRAS1 ,GAMON1.<#d#g.> ETC41 :O W]E AGA9/ ! (FICIAL ,C,N,T POLICY1 & !IR PLACE WAS TAK5 BY CONTRIBUTIONS FROM PROM95T AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]S SU* AS ,PEIRO1 ,MONTS5Y & ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN1 FAI?FUL FRI5DS ( ,TORYHO1 SU* AS ,LE&RO ,BLANCO 7]/:ILE $ITOR ( A MON>*I/ NEWSPAP]7 & ! PRE/IGI\S BYL9ES ( 0PROGRESSIVES0 LIKE ,CANOVAS ,C]VANTES & ,ZAMACOIS4.<#d#h.> ,ONE ( ! LA/ >TICLES ,BALIUS PUBLI%$ 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 7ON ,DECEMB] #f1 #a#i#c#f7 UND] ! TITLE 0,DURRUTI'S TE/AM5T10 IS DES]V+ ( A DETAIL$ M5TION4 ,! >TICLE IS A COMM5T>Y UPON ! RADIO BROADCA/ MADE BY ,DURRUTI FROM ,MADRID ON ,NOVEMB] #e1.<#d#i.> ONLY DAYS BE=E HE DI$3 WRITT5 9 :AT MI*I/S A PROVOCATIVE MANN]1 ?IS >TICLE GIVES US AN 9KL+ ( :AT WAS TO BECOME ONE ( ! BASIC IDEOLOGICAL PILL>S ( ! FUTURE ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P1 NAMELY1 ! TOTALIT>IAN *>ACT] ( ANY PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION3 ,DURRUTI BLUNTLY /AT$ ?AT WE AN>*I/S REQUIRE ?AT ! REVOLUTION BE ( A TOTALIT>IAN NATURE4 ,& ?AT ! COMRADES /&+ UP TO FASCISM SO DOGG$LY ON ! FIELDS ( BATTLE >E NOT PREP>$ TO LET ANYONE TAMP] ) ! REVOLUTION>Y & LIB]AT+ IMPORT ( ?IS PRES5T H\R4 74447 ,DURRUTI'S TE/AM5T LIVES ON4 ,IT L+]S ) EV5 GREAT] =CE ?AN ON ! NIANGU$ US4 ,WE %ALL SEE TO IT ?AT HIS LA/ WI%ES >E MADE A REALITY4 ,DECEMB] #b#i1 #aicf SAW ! APPE>ANCE ( ! FIR/ ISSUE ( ,IDEAS ! M\?PIECE ( ! ,C,N,T F$]ATION 9 ! ,BAJO ,LLOBREGAT COM>CA4 ,BALIUS HAD AN >TICLE PUBLI%$ 9 VIRTUALLY EV]Y $ITION ( ,IDEAS4 ,HIS >TICLES 9SI/5TLY D5\NC$ ! ADVANCE ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4.<#e.> ,\T/&+ AMONG !M WAS ! ATTACK UPON ! ,PRESID5T ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD1 ,LUIS ,COMPANYS1 :I* WAS C>RI$ 9 ,IDEAS ,NO4 #ae ( ,APRIL #h1 #a#i#c#g1 UND] ! TITLE 0,LET'S MAKE REVOLUTION40.<#e#a.> ,IDEAS WAS A DIRECT ANTEC$5T ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO4 ,AL?\< NOT EV]Y CONTRIBUTOR TO ,IDEAS.<#e#b.> WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 WE CAN /ATE ?AT1 ALONG ) ,ACRACIA 9 ,L]IDA1.<#e#c.> ,IDEASWAS ! MO/ \T/&+ M\?PIECE ( ! AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y CURR5T PRIOR TO ,MAY4 ,BALIUS WAS APPO9T$ DIRECTOR ( ,LA ,NO*E ON ,JANU>Y #b#f1 #aicg BY ! ,LOCAL ,F$]ATION ( ,UNIONS4 ,LA ,NO*E WAS AN EV5+ DAILY1 RUN BY A COOP]ATIVE ( WORK]S1 MO/ ( :OM BELONG$ TO ! ,C,N,T1 AL?\< IT WAS NOT P>T ( ! ORGANIZATIONAL PRESS ( ! ,C,N,T4 ,IT WAS 9 ,LA ,NO*E ( ,M>* #b1 #aicg ?AT ! FIR/ REPORT CAME ( ! AIMS & MEMB]%IP CONDITIONS ( A NEW AN>*I/ GR\P+ :I* HAD TAK5 ! NAME ( ! 0,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P40.<#e#d.> ,BETWE5 E>LY ,M>* & ! ,MAY EV5TS1 ,LA ,NO*E1 :ILE IT NEV] BECAME ! ,GR\P'S (FICIAL M\?PIECE1 BECAME1 ?ANKS TO ITS NOT BE+ AN ORGANIZATIONAL PAP]1 ! PAP] 9 :I* ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E ABLE TO GIVE FREE EXPRESSION TO !IR CRITICISMS ( ! (FICIAL POLICY ( ! ,C,N,T4 ,)\T D\BT ! MO/ \T/&+ >TICLES >E ?OSE FROM ,BALIUS1 BUT WE CANNOT FAIL TO M5TION ?OSE ABOVE ! SIGNATURE ( ,M+O1 ON ! SUBJECT ( ! ,MUNICIPALITY & TRADE UNION MANAGEM5T ( ! ECONOMY1 BECAUSE !SE REPRES5T A V]Y SIGNIFICANT FACTOR 9 ! POLITICAL !ORY ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,9 ! ,M>* #b1 #aicg $ITION1 ,BALIUS PUBLI%$ AN >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,C>EFUL1 WORK]S1 ,NOT A S+LE /EP BACKW>DS10 :I* HAD ! M]IT ( CAT*+ ! EYE ( ,N91 :O1 9 ! ,M>* #d? $ITION ( ,LA ,BATALLA 1 GAVE A GL[+ WELCOME TO ! VIEWS SET \T BY ,BALIUS1 & ALSO TO ! LAUN*+ ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P ANN\NC$ 9 ! SAME $ITION1 ON ACC\NT ( ! *ANCES ?AT IT MIY FILLIP TO ! ,C,N,T MASSES1 :OM ! AN>*I/ LEAD]S W]E LEAD+ D[N ! PA? ( ! CRASSE/ & MO/ %ORT-SITICLE1 ,BALIUS RAIL$ AGA9/ ! VIEW1 9CREAS+LY WIDESPREAD 9 SOME AN>*I/ CIRCLES1 ?AT1 IF ! W> WAS TO BE WON1 ! REVOLUTION HAD TO BE ABJUR$4 ,& HE BLUNTLY CIT$ AN >TICLE SIGN$ BY ! PROM95T TRE9TI/A MILITANT ,JUAN ,PEIRO4 ,AFT] NOT+ ! ONSLAUTICLE CALL$ = AN AM5DM5T ( ?IS POLICY1 = ONLY IF ! REVOLUTION MADE HEADWAY 9 ! RE>GU>D C\LD ! W> BE WON ON ! BATTLE-FRONTS4 ,! >TICLE'S TITLE1 0,NOT A S+LE /EP BACKW>DS60 WAS !RE=E A V]Y TELL+ ONE4 ,ON ,M>* #f1 #a#i#c#g1 ,BALIUS HAD AN >TICLE 9 ,LA ,NO*E5TITL$ 0,C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y ,PO/URES4 ,NEUTRAL POSITIONS >E DAMAG+10 9 :I* HE CATALOG$ ! FEATURES ( ! NEW SECURITY =CE SET UP BY ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T1 ID5TIFY+ IT AS A B\RGEOIS CORPS 9 ! S]VICE ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE & 9IMICAL TO ! MO/ ELEM5T>Y 9T]E/S ( ! WORK]S4 ,M>* #h1 #aicg SAW ! PUBLICATION 9 ,LA ,NO*E ( ONE ( ?OSE >TICLES SO TYPICAL ( ,BALIUS'S /YLE1 :]E1 ?R\< AN A/UTE ADMIXTURE ( NEWS & OP9ION1 HE RECORD$ ! SPECTACLE ( TRA9S CRAMM$ ) RESID5TS ( ,B>CELONA (F 9TO ! C\NTRYSIDE 9 SE>* ( FOOD/UFFS4 ,BY MEANS ( A DESCRIPTION ( ! FOLK ?RONG+ ! C>RIAGES1 ,BALIUS LA%$ \T AT ! NEW APPROA* BE+ ADOPT$ 9 ! PROVISION ( SUPPLIES1 AN APPROA* 9TRODUC$ BY ! ,/AL9I/ LEAD]1 ,COMOR]A4 ,9 ITS ,M>* #a#a1 #aicg $ITION1 ,LA ,NO*E C>RI$ AN >TICLE PAY+ TRIBUTE TO ! FIGURE ( ,DURRUTI4 ,BALIUS RECALL$ ! ADDRESS GIV5 BY ,DURRUTI OV] ! RADIO FROM ! ,MADRID FRONT JU/ DAYS BE=E HE DI$1 AN ADDRESS 9 :I* HE HAD DEPLOR$ ! FAILURES ( ! RE>GU>D TO TAKE ! W> TO ITS HE>T4 ,! SOLUTION1 AS ,DURRUTI SAW IT1 LAY 9 WAG+ W> PROP]LY1 5ROLL+ ! B\RGEOIS 9TO =TIFICATION BATTALIONS & PLAC+ ALL WORK]S ON A W> FOOT+4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS1 ,DURRUTI'S DEA? HAD BE5 FOLL[$ BY A FUN]AL FIT = A K+1 BUT NO ONE HAD TAK5 HIS REASON+ TO HE>T4 ,AS A RESULT1 ! J\RNALI/ CONCLUD$1 ! >GUM5T WAS BEG9N+ TO BE HE>D ?AT ! CIVIL W> WAS A W> ( 9DEP5D5CE & NOT ! CLASS W> ?AT ,DURRUTI HAD CALL$ =4 ,BALIUS CLOS$ ! >TICLE BY ASS]T+ ?AT ,DURRUTI WAS MORE RELEVANT ?AN EV]1 & ?AT !RE C\LD BE NO LOYALTY TO HIS MEMORY ?AT DID NOT 9CLUDE SUBSCRIPTION TO HIS IDEAS4 ,! FOLL[+ DAY1 ,M>* #a#b1 ,BALIUS HAD A PIECE 9 ,LA ,NO*E 5TITL$ 0,COMM5TS BY ,L>GO ,CABALL]O3 ,C\NT]-REVOLUTION ON ! M>*10 9 :I* HE WAS CRITICAL ( /ATEM5TS BY ! ,U,G,T LEAD]1 DESCRIB+ !M AS C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y1 9 ?AT !Y CONFIRM$ AN 9T5TION TO REV]T TO ! SITUATION :I* HAD OBTA9$ PRIOR TO ,JULY #a#i1 ) ! COLLECTIVIZATIONS & SOCIALIZATIONS ( FIRMS BE+ DISMANTL$ JU/ AS SOON AS ! W> WAS WON4 ,9 ,LA ,NO*E ( ,M>* #a#c1 #a#i#c#g1 ,BALIUS HAD AN >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,WE MU/ WAGE W>4 ,\R FUTURE REQUIRES IT10 CALL+ = A W> ECONOMY & CRITICIZ+ ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S ECONOMIC POLICY4 ,BALIUS'S >TICLE1 0,FASCI/ B>B>ISM4 ,WE MU/ USE ! MAIL$ FI/0 79 ,LA ,NO*E ( ,M>* #a#f1 #a#i#c#g7 REF]R$ TO ! AIR RAIDS ON ,B>CELONA1 ATTACK$ ! EX*ANGES ( REFUGEES ?R\< ! EMBASSIES & CALL$ = ! /AMP+ \T ( ! FIF? COLUMN4 ,HE EV5 RECOMM5D$ ?AT NEIGU>D WAS IMP]ATIVE & A NECESS>Y PR]EQUISITE = SUCCESS 9 ! W>3 ,NO PURGE HAS BE5 MADE ( ! RE>GU>D4 74447 ,FASCI/S >E /ILL AT L>GE 9 HUGE NUMB]S4 74447 ,\R 5EMIES MU/ BE R\ND$ UP & ELIM9AT$ 74447 ,ANYONE ATTEMPT+ TO DAMP5 ! FIRES ( POPUL> JU/ICE IS AN 5EMY ( ! ,REVOLUTION4 ,LET US ACT ) ! UTMO/ VIGOR4 ,HE$LESS ( \R S(T HE>TS1 LET US %[ ! MAIL$ FI/4 ,! ,M>* #a#h? $ITION ( ,LA ,NO*E C>RI$ AN 9S]TION REPORT+ ! =MAL LAUN*+ ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,FELIX ,M>T97EZ7 WAS LI/$ AS ! GR\P'S SECRET>Y & ,JAIME ,BALIUS AS VICE-SECRET>Y4 ,JOSE ,PANIAGUA1 ,ANTONIO ,PUIG1 ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,ANTONIO ,ROM]O1 ,S]AF9 ,SOBIAS & ,$U>DO ,C]V]A W]E LI/$ AS MEMB]S ( ! /E]+ COMMITTEE4 ,ON ,TUESDAY1 ,M>* #b#c1 #a#i#c#g1 ,BALIUS HAD A PIECE PUBLI%$ 9 ,LA ,NO*E UND] ! TITLE 0,TIME TO BE SPECIFIC3 ,CATALONIA'S ROLE 9 ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION10 :]E9 HE *AMPION$ ! ,CATALAN PROLET>IAT'S ROLE AS ! DRIV+ =CE ( A ?OR\<-GO+ SOCIAL REVOLUTION1 :I* WAS NOT1 AS 9 ,MADRID & O!R REGIONS 9 ,SPA91 HOBBL$ BY ! IMM$IATE NE$S ( ! W>4 ,9 ! ,M>* #b#d? $ITION1 ! PAP] C>RI$ A L5G?Y 9T]VIEW ) ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 A MEMB] ( ! ,GR\P & SPOKESMAN = ! ,GELSA MILITIAS OPPOS$ TO MILIT>IZATION ( ! COLUMNS4 ,WE >E (F]$ A %ORT BUT 9TRIGU+ BIOGRAPHICAL SKET* ( ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ?ANKS TO :I* WE KN[ ?AT HE WAS A MEMB] ( ! ,FIGOLS REVOLUTION>Y COMMITTEE BACK ON ,JANU>Y #h1 #a#i#c#c1 ?AT HE F\ALELO 9 ! ,JULY EV5TS1 ?AT HE HAD A H& 9 ! SIEGE & F9AL ASSAULT UPON ! ,AT>AZANAS B>RACKS1 ALONGSIDE ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO1 & ?AT HE HAD SET (F = ! ,>AGON FRONT 9 ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN1 & HAD BE5 ON ACTIVE S]VICE !RE 9 ! ,GELSA SECTOR EV] S9CE4 ,AFT] A PEAN TO ! VIRTUES & ADVANTAGES ( ! AN>*I/ PEASANT COLLECTIVIZATIONS 9 ,>AGON1 ! 9T]VIEW] ASKS HIS VIEWS ON MILIT>IZATION4 ,HIS ANSW] WAS CONSID]$1 PRUD5T & NUANC$3 BUT AT ! SAME TIME QUITE COH]5T & RADICAL1 AS IF TO UND]L9E ! 9COMPATIBILITY BETWE5 AN>*I/,IDEAS& ! W>'S BE+ DIRECT$ BY ! B\RGEOISIE & ! ,REPUBLICAN ,/ATE3 TO REORGANIZATION ( ! ,>MY1 WE HAVE NO OBJECTION1 = IT \E ( DELEGATES FROM ! V>I\S COLUMNS BY WAY ( 5SUR+ HOMOG5EITY 9 ! P]=MANCE ( !M ALL4 ,LET RE/RUCTUR+ PROCE$1 BUT LET ! PEOPLE'S ,>MY NOT BE 9 ?RALL TO ! ,G5]ALIDAD1 NOR TO ! ,C5TRAL ,GOV]NM5T4 ,IT MU/ BE UND] ! ,CONF$]ATION'S CONTROL40 ,9 ! 9T]VIEW1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ ALLUDES TO ! CON/ANT RETREAT FROM ! REVOLUTION>Y GA9S ( ,JULY & TO ! 9CEPTION ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI3 ,:5 WE LEFT = ! FRONT WE LEFT IT TO \R COMRADES TO 5SURE ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION W\LD M>* ON TO VICTORY1 9 ! AN>*I/ S5SE4 ,BUT1 9 ! ELABORATION ( ?AT ,REVOLUTION1 A ROLE HAS BE5 ASSIGN$ TO ! B\RGEOIS P>TIES :I* HAD NO FEEL+ = ! REVOLUTION1 9 ?AT !IR TASK WAS TO *AMPION ! 9T]E/S ( ! PETITE B\RGEOISIE & ( ! ,U,G,T :I* HAD A V]Y T9Y FOLL[+ 9 ,CATALONIA COMP>$ TO \RS4 74447 ,BY 5T]+ 9TO A COMPACT ) !M1 WE HAVE LO/ HEGEMONY OV] ! ,REVOLUTION & HAVE F\ND \RSELVES REQUIR$ TO COMPROMISE DAY AFT] DAY1 ) ! RESULT ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION HAS BE5 DISFIGUR$ AS ! 9ITIAL REVOLUTION>Y GA9S HAVE BE5 :ITTL$ AWAY4 ,\T ( ?IS HAS >IS5 ! =MATION ( ! 0,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI10 9 ?AT ?IS NEW ORGANIZATION HAS AS ITS PRIM>Y OBJECT ! PRES]VATION1 9TACT1 ( ! PO/ULATES ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I4 ,PABLO ,RUIZ CONCLUD$ ! 9T]VIEW BY SETT+ \T HIS [N VIEW ( H[ ! REVOLUTION MIRI$ \T )9 ! ,C,N,T1 )\T REC\RSE TO VIOL5CE4 #b4 ,!RE %\LD BE PRESSURE = TRADE UNION 7,C,N,T7 DIRECTION ( ! ECONOMY4 #c4 ,! POLITICAL P>TIES %\LD BE PU%$ ASIDE4 #d4 ,NO ALLIANCE & NO COMPROMISE ) ! =CES H>BOR+ ! C\NT]REVOLUTION1 ?AT IS1 ! ,P,S,U,C & ! ,U,G,T3 ,! DIRECTION ( ! ECONOMY & ( SOCIETY \1 ) NO PLACE = ! POLITICAL P>TIES1 ON ! BASIS ?AT !SE DO NOT MEET ! CRIT]IA TO BE REG>D$ AS R5OVATIVE4 ,NONE ( :I* IMPLIES IMPOSITION ?R\< =CE1 BUT RA!R ?R\< PROPAG&A )9 ,C,N,T RANKS4 .<444.> ,& ,I AM OPPOS$ TO 9VOLV+ ! POLITICAL P>TIES1 BE+ CONV9C$ ?AT ?AT W\LD 5TAIL LOSS ( ! REVOLUTION1 :I* HAS TO BE PROSECUT$ BY EV]Y MEANS %ORT ( COMPROMISE ) GR\PS ?AT NOT ONLY HAVE NO FEEL+ = ! REVOLUTION BUT >E ALSO 9 ! M9ORITY4 ,BALIUS PUBLI%$ 79 ! ,M>* #b#g1 #aicg $ITION ,LA ,NO*E7 AN >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,! REVOLUTION HAS ITS REQUIREM5TS4 ,ALL P[] TO ! UNIONS10 9 :I* HE DEALT ) ! PROTRACT$ CRISIS 9 ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T4 ,HIS VIEW ( ! TRADE UNIONS AS ORGANS ( ! REVOLUTION IS V]Y 9T]E/+4 ,HE CLASSIFI$ ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T CRISIS AS ! PRODUCT ( ! T5SIONS *>ACT]IZ+ A SITUATION ( DUAL P[]3 ! ,G5]ALIDAD MADE LAWS & PASS$ DECREES1 BUT ! UNIONS PAID NO HE$ TO ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S DECISIONS4 ,9 ,BALIUS'S VIEW1 = ! REVOLUTION TO MOVE =W>D & CONSOLIDATE1 P[] HAD TO PASS TO ! WORK+ CLASS1 & ?IS WAS 5CAPSULAT$ 9 ! SLOGAN3 ',ALL P[] TO ! UNIONS4' ,BALIUS ALSO P5N$ AN 9TRIGU+ >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,A HI/ORICAL MOM5T4 ,A CATEGORICAL DILEMMA0 7,LA ,NO*E ,APRIL #e1 #a#i#c#g71 9 :I* HE PROB$ ! SIGNIFICANCE ( ! CRISIS 9 ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T4 ,AS F> AS ,BALIUS WAS CONC]N$1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD WAS A RELIC FROM ! PA/1 ONE ?AT WAS 9CONGRU5T ) ! NEW REVOLUTION>Y NE$S3 ,! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T IS A HANG-OV] FROM ! PA/1 FROM A PETIT-B\RGEOIS SY/EM ?AT 9VOLVES ALL SORTS ( 9CONGRU5CIES1 VACILLATION & HYPOCRISY4 ,?US1 ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS1 !RE C\LD BE ONLY ONE RESOLUTION ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T CRISIS4 ,A *ANGE ( GOV]NM5T P]SONNEL W\LD A*IEVE NO?+4 ,& ,BALIUS EV5 MADE A VEIL$ APPEAL = ! ,C,N,T TO REPLACE ! ,G5]ALIDAD ) ! P[] ( ! WORK]S1 & SWEEP ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y P>TIES \T ( EXI/5CE3 ,WE >E NOT PESSIMI/S1 BUT WE HONE/LY BELIEVE ?AT WE HAVE NOT BE5 EQUAL TO ! *ALL5GE4 ,! DILEMMA CANNOT BE SIDE/EPP$4 ,! FUTURE ( ! PROLET>IAT REQUIRES H]OIC DECISIONS4 ,IF !RE >E SOME ORGANIZATIONS ATTEMPT+ TO /RANGLE ! REVOLUTION1 WE MU/ BE READY TO %\LD] ! RESPONSIBILITY ( A MOM5T 9 HI/ORY :I*1 BY REASON ( ITS V]Y GR&EUR1 PRESUPPOSES A S]IES ( MEASURES & DECISIONS ?AT >E NOT \T ( TUNE ) ! PRES5T H\R4 ,) ! ,REVOLUTION1 OR L9$ UP AGA9/ IT4 ,!RE CAN BE NO MIDDLE GR\ND4 ,9 ,LA ,NO*E ( ,APRIL #g?1 ,BALIUS HAD AN >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,9 ?IS GRAVE H\R4 ,! SOV]EIGN WILL RESIDES 9 ! PEOPLE10 9 :I* HE REIT]AT$ ! VIEWPO9T HE HAD SPELL$ \T 9 HIS ,APRIL #e? >TICLE & REPEAT$ HIS ATTACKS ON ,COMPANYS4 ,ALSO 9 ,LA ,NO*E1 !RE W]E SEV]AL >TICLES BY ,M+O1.<#e#e.> REM>KABLE = !IR VEHEM5CE1 S\ND+ ! AL>M AB\T ! ADVANCE ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION1 EULOGIZ+ AN>*ISM'S REVOLUTION>Y SPIRIT 7:I* WAS HELD TO BE 9COMPATIBLE ) GOV]NM5TAL COLLABORATIONISM1 :I* HAD TO BE 5D$ =?)71 ATTACK+ ! ,U,G,T1 ! ,P,S,U,C1 ,COMOR]A & ,COMPANYS OV] !IR CON/ANT DEFAMATION ( ! ,CONF$]ATION1 AGREE+ ?AT !RE WAS AN OV]RID+ NE$ 7AS SPELL$ \T BY ,BALIUS7 TO DO AWAY ) ! ,G5]ALIDAD1 & E*O+ ! GR[+ MALAISE AMONG ! PEOPLE4 ,BUT ! MO/ 9T]E/+ ( !SE >TICLES WAS ! ONE GIV5 OV] TO ! MUNICIPALITIES1 BECAUSE HIS ?9K+ 7M]ELY \TL9$ H]E7 WAS TO BE SPELL$ \T 9 FULL 9 ! PROGRAM SET \T BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 9 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO AFT] ,MAY4 ,9 ?AT >TICLE1.<#e#f.> ,M+O /AT$3 ,! MUNICIPALITY IS ! AU!NTIC REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,M+O1 EV] S9CE ,JULY #a#i1 #a#i#c#f1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T HAD BE5 R$UNDANT4 ,! ONLY POLICY N[ WAS ECONOMIC POLICY1 & ?AT WAS ! PROV9CE ( ! TRADE UNIONS4 ,SO1 ACCORD+ TO ,M+O1 ! MUNICIPALITY1 RUN BY ! WORK]S1 ) ECONOMIC POLICY SUP]VIS$ BY ! WORK]S1 C\LD & %\LD HAVE /EPP$ 9TO ! %OES ( ! ,/ATE4 ,9 ! ,APRIL #a#d1 #aicg $ITION ( ! DAILY ,LA ,NO*E1 ,BALIUS HAD AN >TICLE1 0,A HI/ORIC DATE3 ,APRIL #a#d10 M>K+ ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ! PROCLAMATION ( ! ,REPUBLIC1 9 :I* HE UND]L9$ ! PETIT-B\RGEOIS *>ACT] ( ! DAY :5 ! ,REPUBLIC WAS PROCLAIM$1 ATTACK$ ,CATALANISM1 :E!R RIIAT4 ,)\T ! SLITICLES ( ,BALIUS'S1 7& ( O!R MEMB]S ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI71 T\*+ UPON SU* A WIDE V>IETY ( TOPICS1 G5]ALLY POLITICAL OP9ION1 BUT ALSO ) A NEWS CONT5T1 W]E ! MORT> B9D+ TOGE!R A CRITICAL CURR5T ( OPPOSITION TO ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATIONI/ POLICY4 ,BALIUS WAS NOT ! SOLE CRITIC1 BUT HE WAS ONE ( ! MO/ \T/&+ & ( C\RSE ! ONE MO/ CONSI/5T1 COH]5T & RADICAL4 ,BALIUS'S M]IT RESIDES 9 HIS HAV+ SECUR$ ! BACK+ ( A SIZABLE GR\P ( MILITIANS OPPOS$ TO ! MILIT>IZATION ( ! ,MILITIAS4 ,! CONJUNCTION ( !SE MILITIANS1 L$ BY ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ) O!R AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S OPPOS$ TO ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATIONI/ POLICY F\ND ITS POLITICAL VIEWS >TICULAT$ 9 !ORETICAL T]MS 9 ,BALIUS'S >TICLES & CRITICISMS4 ,?OSE VIEWS W]E TO CRY/ALLIZE 9 ! PROGRAM SET \T ON ! PO/] DAT+ FROM LATE ,APRIL #aicg & W\LD BE SPELL$ \T 9 GREAT] DETAIL 9 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO NEWSPAP]1 PUBLI%$ AFT] ! ,MAY ,EV5TS4 ,SO1 TO SUM UP3 AL?\< ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P+ WAS =MALLY LAUN*$ ON ,M>* #a#g1 #a#i#c#g1 ITS ORIG9S CAN BE TRAC$ TO ! DEEP-SEAT$ MALAISE CREAT$ 9 MILITIANS' RANKS BY ! ,G5]ALIDAD DECREE ON MILIT>IZATION ( ! ,PEOPLE'S ,MILITIAS1 :I* IS TO SAY1 TO LATE ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f1 :5 ,DURRUTI WAS /ILL ALIVE4 ,!N AGA91 ,BALIUS HAD COME TO PROM95CE AS E>LY AS #aice AS A J\RNALI/ & AN>*I/ IDEOLOGUE1 KN[N = HIS 9T]E/+ !ORETICAL CONTRIBUTIONS ON NATIONALISM1 HIS SAVAGE CRITICISMS ( ! ,CATALAN B\RGEOISIE'S POLITICAL ACTIVITIES1 HIS ATTACKS ON ,MACIA & ,COMPANYS1 HIS EXPOSE ( ! ,CATALANI/ FASCISM EMBODI$ 9 ,D5CAS & ,BADIA1 AS WELL AS HIS ANALYSIS ( ! EV5TS ( ,OCTOB] #aicd 9 ,CATALONIA FROM A ,C,N,T P]SPECTIVE4 ,NOR WAS COLLABORATION BETWE5 ,JAIME ,BALIUS & ,PABLO ,RUIZ ANY?+ NEW1 S9CE !Y HAD JO9TLY WRITT5 A PAMPHLET.<#e#g.> & HAD BO? BELONG$ TO ! SAME AN>*I/ AFF9ITY GR\P1 0,R5AC]0 -- ?AT BE+ ! NAME ( ! PUBLI%+ H\SE :I* HAD ISSU$ ,BALIUS'S PAMPHLETS PRIOR TO ,JULY #a#i#c#f4.<#e#h.> ,9 ADDITION TO ,JAIME ,BALIUS & ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ! 0,R5AC]0 GR\P 9CLUD$ ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC] 7:O W\LD BE ! ,IRON ,COLUMN'S DELEGATE DUR+ ! CIVIL W>7 & ,BRUNO ,LLADO 7:O WAS A ,SABADELL CITY C\NCILOR DUR+ ! W> & ! ,G5]ALIDAD ,DEP>TM5T ( ,ECONOMY'S COM>CAL DELEGATE74.<#e#i.> "9"9 O ,*APT] #e 3 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P FROM ITS ,9CEPTION UP TO ! ,MAY ,EV5TS #e4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P FROM ITS ,9CEPTION UP TO ! ,MAY ,EV5TS ,9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f1 ! ORD] MILIT>IZ+ ! ,PEOPLE'S ,MILITIAS PROVOK$ GREAT DISCONT5T AMONG ! AN>*I/ MILITIANS ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN ON ! ,>AGON FRONT4 ,FOLL[+ PROTRACT$ & BITT] >GUM5TS1 9 ,FEBRU>Y #aicg >\ND ?IRTY \T ( ! #a1 VOLUNTE] MILITIANS BAS$ 9 ! ,GELSA SECTOR DECID$ TO QUIT ! FRONT & RETURN TO ! RE>GU>D4.<#f.> ,! AGREEM5T WAS ?AT MILITIANS OPPOS$ TO MILIT>IZATION W\LD BE RELIEV$ OV] A =TNICELONA1 ALONG ) O!R AN>*I/S 7ADVOCATES ( PROSECUT+ & PURSU+ ! ,JULY REVOLUTION1 & OPPOS$ TO ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATION ) ! GOV]NM5T71 ! MILITIANS FROM ,GELSA DECID$ TO =M AN AFF9ITY GR\P1 LIKE ! MANY O!R AFF9ITY GR\PS.<#f#a.> 9 EXI/5CE 9 AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ CIRCLES4 ,& SO1 ! ,GR\P WAS =MALLY LAUN*$ 9 ,M>* #a#i#c#g1.<#f#b.> FOLL[+ A L5G?Y P]IOD ( 9CUBATION ?AT HAD LA/$ = SEV]AL MON?S1 BEG9N+ 9 ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f4 ,! ,/E]+ ,COMMITTEE MADE ! DECISION TO ADOPT ! NAME 0,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P10 ! NAME BE+1 9 P>T1 AN 9VOCATION ( !IR COMMON ORIG9S AS =M] MILITIANS 9 ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN1 &1 AS ,BALIUS WAS CORRECT 9 SAY+1 !RE WAS NO REF]5CE 9T5D$ TO ,DURRUTI'S ?9K+1 BUT RA!R TO HIS H]OIC DEA? & MY?IC /ATUS 9 ! EYES ( ! POPULACE4 ,! ,GR\P'S C5TRAL HEADQU>T]S WAS LOCAT$ 9 ! ,RAMBLAS1 AT ! JUNCTION ) ! ,CALLE ,HOSPITAL4 ,! MEMB]%IP ( ! ,GR\P GREW REM>KABLY QUICKLY4 ,SOME:]E BETWE5 F\R ?\S& & FIVE ?\S& ,GR\P MEMB]%IP C>DS W]E ISSU$4 ,ONE ( ! ESS5TIAL REQUIREM5TS = ,GR\P MEMB]%IP WAS ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP4 ,! GR[? ( ! ,GR\P WAS A CONSEQU5CE ( AN>*I/ UNEASE ) ! ,C,N,T'S POLICY ( COMPROMISE4 ,! ,GR\P WAS FR5ETICALLY ACTIVE & DYNAMIC4 ,BETWE5 ITS =MAL LAUN* ON ,M>* #ag & ,MAY #c1 ! ,GR\P M\NT$ A NUMB] ( RALLIES 79 ! ,POLIORAMA ,!AT] ON ,APRIL #ai & ! ,GOYA ,!AT] ON ,MAY #b71 ISSU$ SEV]AL MANIFE/OES & H&BILLS & COV]$ ! WALLS ( ,B>CELONA ) PO/]S SETT+ \T ITS PROGRAM4.<#f#c.> ,TWO PO9TS /OOD \T 9 ?AT PROGRAM3 #a4 ,ALL P[] TO ! WORK+ CLASS2 &1 #b4 ,DEMOCRATIC WORK]S'1 PEASANTS' & COMBATANTS' ORGANS AS ! EXPRESSION ( ?IS WORK]S' P[]1.<#f#d.> :I* WAS 5CAPSULAT$ 9 ! T]M ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA4 ,!Y ALSO CALL$ = ! TRADE UNIONS TO TAKE OV] ! ECONOMIC & POLITICAL GOV]NANCE ( ! C\NTRY COMPLETELY4 ,& :5 !Y TALK$ AB\T TRADE UNIONS1 !Y MEANT ! ,C,N,T UNIONS1 NOT ! ,U,G,T UNIONS4 ,9 FACT1 SOME ( ! MEMB]S ( ! ,GR\P HAD QUIT ! ,U,G,T 9 ORD] TO AFFILIATE /RAI*I/S :I* TOOK A /& ON PURI/ AN>*I/ DOCTR9E & OPPOS$ ! COLLABORATIONI/ ,/ATE-C5T]$ POLICY ( ! LEAD]%IP ( ! ,C,N,T & ( ! ,F,A,I PROP]4 ,!Y HAD ! UPP] H& 9SIDE ! ,FOOD/UFFS ,UNION1 :I* HAD RAMIFICATIONS ALL OV] ,CATALONIA1 AS WELL AS 9 ! M9+ >EAS ( ,SALL5T1 ,SURIA1 ,FIGOLS1 & ,C>DONA1 9 ! ,UPP] ,LLOBREGAT COM>CA4 ,!Y W]E 9FLU5TIAL 9 O!R UNIONS TOO1 :]E !Y W]E 9 ! M9ORITY4 ,SOME MEMB]S BELONG$ TO ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS4 ,BUT AT NO TIME DID !Y CON/ITUTE A FRACTION OR GR\P1 NOR DID !Y ATTEMPT TO 9FILTRATE ! ,PATROLS4 ,WE CANNOT *>ACT]IZE ! ,GR\P AS A COMPREH5SIVELY CONSCI\S1 ORGANIZ$ GR\P ?AT W\LD UND]TAKE ME?ODICAL ACTIVITY4 ,IT WAS ONE ( MANY MORE OR LESS 9=MAL AN>*I/ GR\PS =M$ >\ND C]TA9 *>ACT]I/IC AFF9ITIES4 ,NOR W]E !Y GOOD PROPAG&I/S OR !ORI/S1 BUT 9/EAD A GR\P ( PROLET>IANS ALIVE TO AN 9/9CTIVE NE$ TO CONFRONT ! ,C,N,T'S POLICY ( APPEASEM5T & ! ACCEL]AT+ PROCESS ( C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,)\T QUE/ION1 !IR MO/ \T/&+ SPOKESM5 W]E ,JAIME ,BALIUS & ,PABLO ,RUIZ4 ,FROM ,M>* #aicg TO ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\? ( ,CATALONIA.<#f#e.> ALSO SET \T 9 !IR WALL NEWSPAP].<#f#f.> DEM&S SIMIL> TO ?OSE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,ON ,APRIL #a#d1 #a#i#c#g1 ! ,GR\P ISSU$ A ,MANIFE/O.<#f#g.> 9 :I* IT SET ITS FACE AGA9/ ! B\RGEOIS COMMEMORATION ( ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ! PROCLAMATION ( ! ,REPUBLIC1 ON ! GR\NDS ?AT IT WAS M]ELY A PRETEXT = RE9=C+ B\RGEOIS 9/ITUTIONS & ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,9/EAD ( COMMEMORATION ( ! ,REPUBLIC & 9 OPPOSITION TO ! ,G5]ALIDAD & ,LUIS ,COMPANYS1 :I* W]E ! CUTT+ $GE ( B\RGEOIS C\NT]REVOLUTION1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI PROPOS$ COMMEMORATION ( ,JULY #a#i? & EXHORT$ ! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,A,I TO COME UP ) A REVOLUTION>Y ESCAPE R\TE FROM ! DEAD-5D /REET ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T'S CRISIS4 ,?AT CRISIS />T$ ON ,M>* #d? ) A DECREE ORD]+ DISSOLUTION ( ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS3 ! ,C,N,T'S FAILURE TO COMPLY IMPLI$ ! EXCLUSION ( ,C,N,T P]SONNEL FROM ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T4 ,! ,MANIFE/O CATALOG$ A HO/ ( TRESPASSES AGA9/ REVOLUTION>IES1 FROM ! MO/ CELEBRAT$ CASE ( ,M>OTO1 :I* EV5 DREW 9DIGNANT COMM5T FROM ! DOCILE ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 ?R\< TO LESS] KN[N CASES1 SU* AS ! 9CID5TS 9 ,OLESA DE ,MONTS]RAT4 ,9 FACT1 ! ,MANIFE/O REIT]AT$ ! PROGRAM PO9TS :I* HAD BE5 9CUBAT+ S9CE E>LY ,M>* 9 >TICLES BY ,BALIUS1 ,M+O & O!RS 9 ,LA ,NO*E4 ,& !SE W]E SUMM$ UP 9 ! OP5+ P>AGRAPH ( ! ,MANIFE/O3 ,! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE1 :I* SUFF]$ A =MIDABLE SETBACK 9 ! MEMORABLE EV5TS ( ,JULY1 IS /ILL EXTANT1 ?ANKS TO ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y 5DEAVOR ( ! PETIT-B\RGEOISIE .<444.> ,! ,G5]ALIDAD CRISIS IS CATEGORICAL EVID5CE ?AT WE HAVE TO BUILD A NEW WORLD1 :OLLY DISP5S+ ) /ATI/ =MULAS4 ,IT IS HI< TIME ?AT ! LEGION ( PETIT-B\RGEOIS1 %OPKEEP]S & GU>DS WAS RU?LESSLY SWEPT ASIDE4 ,!RE CAN BE NO COMPROMISE ) C\NT]REVOLUTION4 .<444.> ,?IS IS A TIME ( LIFE OR DEA? = ! WORK+ CLASS4 .<444.> ,LET US NOT HESITATE4 ,! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,A,I1 BE+ ! ORGANIZATIONS ?AT REFLECT ! PEOPLE'S CONC]NS1 MU/ COME UP ) A REVOLUTION>Y WAY \T ( ! DEAD-5D /REET .<444.> ,WE HAVE ! ORGANS ?AT MU/ SUPPLANT A ,/ATE 9 RU9S4 ,! ,TRADE ,UNIONS & ,MUNICIPALITIES MU/ TAKE *>GE ( ECONOMIC & SOCIAL LIFE .<444.>0 ,ON ,SUNDAY ,APRIL #a#h1 #a#i#c#g1 ! ,GR\P HELD A RALLY 9 ! ,POLIORAMA ,!AT]1 BY WAY ( BR++ ITS EXI/5CE & ITS PROGRAM TO ! ATT5TION ( ! PUBLIC4.<#f#h.> ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ 7DELEGATE FROM ! ,GELSA ,GR\P71 ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC] 7A DELEGATE FROM ! ,IRON ,COLUMN7 & ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O 7A MEMB] ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN'S ,W> ,COMMITTEE7 ALL SPOKE4 ,! MEET+ WAS A GREAT SUCCESS & !,IDEASSET \T BY ! SPEAK]S W]E R\NDLY APPLAUD$4 ,ON ! FIR/ ,SUNDAY 9 ,MAY #aicg 7,MAY #b7 ! ,GR\P HELD A FUR!R 9TRODUCTORY RALLY AT ! ,GOYA ,!AT]3 ! !AT] WAS FILL$ TO OV]FL[+ & ! RALLY MOV$ ?OSE ATT5D+ TO DELIRI\S 5?USIASM4 ,A DOCUM5T>Y FILM 5TITL$ 0,N9ETE5? ( ,JULY0 WAS SCRE5$1 RELIV+ ! MO/ EMOTIVE PASSAGES FROM ! REVOLUTION>Y EV5TS ( ,JULY #a#i1 #a#i#c#f4 ,! SPEAK]S W]E ,DE ,PABLO .<,C\LD ?IS BE ,PABLO ,RUIZ8.>1 ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,LIB]TO ,CALLEJAS & ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O4 ,! MEET+ HE>D A PR$ICTION ?AT AN ATTACK UPON ! WORK]S BY ! REACTION>IES WAS N[ IMM95T4 ,! LEAD]%IP COMMITTEES ( ! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,A,I DID NOT PAY UNDUE HE$ TO ?IS NEW OPPOSITION EMANAT+ FROM )9 ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T1 DESPITE ! SCA?+ CRITICISMS DIRECT$ AT !MSELVES4 ,9 AN>*I/ CIRCLES IT WAS NOT UNUSUAL = GR\PS TO BUBBLE TO ! SURFACE1 5JOY+ A METEORIC RISE1 ONLY TO VANI% 9TO NO?+ AS QUICKLY AS !Y HAD >IS54 ,! PROGRAM SPELL$ \T BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI PRIOR TO ,MAY #aicg WAS *>ACT]IZ$ BY ITS EMPHASIS UPON TRADE UNION MANAGEM5T ( ! ECONOMY1 UPON CRITICISM ( ALL ! P>TIES & !IR /ATI/ COLLABORATIONISM1 AS WELL AS A C]TA9 REV]SION TO AN>*I/ DOCTR9AL PURITY4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI SET \T !IR PROGRAM 9 ! PO/] ) :I* !Y COV]$ ! WALLS ( ,B>CELONA T[>DS ! 5D ( ,APRIL #a#i#c#g4 ,?OSE PO/]S :I*1 EV5 !N1 AHEAD ( ! EV5TS ( ,MAY1 >GU$ ! NE$ TO REPLACE ! B\RGEOIS ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T ( ,CATALONIA ) A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA1 /AT$ AS FOLL[S3.<#f#i.> ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P4 ,TO ! WORK+ CLASS3 #a4 ,IMM$IATE E/ABLI%M5T ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA MADE UP ( WORK]S ( CITY & C\NTRYSIDE & ( COMBATANTS4 #b4 ,FAMILY WAGE4 ,RATION C>DS4 ,TRADE UNION DIRECTION ( ! ECONOMY & SUP]VISION ( DI/RIBUTION4 #c4 ,LIQUIDATION ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4 #d4 ,CREATION ( A REVOLUTION>Y >MY4 #e4 ,ABSOLUTE WORK+ CLASS CONTROL ( PUBLIC ORD]4 #f4 ,/EADFA/ OPPOSITION TO ANY >MI/ICE4 #g4 ,PROLET>IAN JU/ICE4 #h4 ,ABOLITION ( P]SONNEL *ANGES4 ,ATT5TION1 WORK]S3 \R GR\P IS OPPOS$ TO ! CONT9U$ ADVANCE ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,! PUBLIC ORD] DECREES SPONSOR$ BY ,AIGUADE >E NOT TO BE HE$$4 ,WE 9SI/ UPON ! RELEASE ( ,M>OTO & O!R COMRADES DETA9$4 ,ALL P[] TO ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,ALL ECONOMIC P[] TO ! UNIONS4 ,RA!R ?AN ! ,G5]ALIDAD1 A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA6 ,! ,APRIL #aicg PO/] =E%AD[$ & EXPLA9S ! LEAFLET ISSU$ DUR+ ! EV5TS 9 ,MAY & 9CORPORATES MANY ( ! !MES & CONC]NS DEALT ) BY ,BALIUS 9 ! >TICLES HE PUBLI%$ 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 ,LA ,NO*E & ,IDEAS 7ESPECIALLY REVOLUTION>Y JU/ICE1 PRISON] EX*ANGES1 ! NE$ = ! RE>GU>D TO TAKE ! W> TO HE>T1 ETC474 ,= ! FIR/ TIME ! NE$ WAS POSIT$ = A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA TO SUPPLANT ! B\RGEOIS ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T4 ,?IS ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA.<#g.> WAS DEF9$ AS A REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T COMPRIS$ ( WORK]S1 PEASANTS & MILITIANS4 ,MO/ SIGNIFICANT ( ALL IS ! CONSOLIDAT$ MESSAGE ( ! LA/ ?REE SLOGANS4 ,REPLACEM5T ( ! B\RGEOIS ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T BY A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA APPE>S ALONGSIDE ! WAT*WORDS 0,ALL P[] TO ! WORK+ CLASS0 & 0,ALL ECONOMIC P[] TO ! UNIONS40.<#g#a.> ,! POLITICAL PROGRAM IMPLICIT 9 ?IS PO/] IMM$IATELY BE=E ! EV5TS ( ,MAY IS UND\BT$LY ! MO/ ADVANC$ & LUCID (F]$ BY ANY ( ! EXI/+ PROLET>IAN GR\PS1 & MAKES ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P A REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>D ( ! PROLET>IAT ( ,SPA9 AT ?IS CRITICAL & CRUCIAL JUNCTURE AS ! ,P,\,M & ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA9 W]E TO ACKN[L$GE4.<#g#b.> "9"9 O ,*APT] #f 3 ,! ,MAY ,EV5TS #f4 ,! ,MAY ,EV5TS .<#g#c.> ,ON ,SATURDAY1 ,MAY #a1 #a#i#c#g1 !RE WAS NO ,MAY ,DAY DEMON/RATION 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,! ,G5]ALIDAD HAD ANN\NC$ ?AT ?IS WAS A DAY TO BE WORK$ = ! SAKE ( W> PRODUCTION1 AL?\< ! REAL REASON WAS FE> ( A CONFRONTATION BETWE5 ! DIFF]5T LABOR ORGANIZATIONS FOLL[+ HEICAS & LOCALITIES >\ND ,CATALONIA4 ,?AT ,SATURDAY TOO ! ,G5]ALIDAD C\NCIL MET TO LOOK 9TO ! WORRY+ PUBLIC ORD] SITUATION 9 ,CATALONIA4 ,! C\NCIL 5DORS$ ! EFFECTIV5ESS DISPLAY$ OV] ! PREVI\S FEW WEEKS BY ITS C\NCILORS = 9T]NAL SECURITY & DEF5SE1 AGREE+ TO PASS A VOTE ( CONFID5CE 9 !IR ABILITY TO RESOLVE \T/&+.<#g#d.> PUBLIC ORD] BUS9ESS4 ,AS ! C\NCIL MEET+ CONCLUD$1 !RE WAS A MEET+ ( A PANEL MADE UP ( ! C\NCILORS = DEF5SE.<#g#e.> & 9T]NAL SECURITY & ! PREMI]1 = ! PURPOSE ( LOOK+ 9TO PUBLIC ORD] ISSUES4.<#g#f.> ,IT SEEMS H>D TO BELIEVE ?AT ! 9ITIATIVE TO SEIZE ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE C\LD HAVE BE5 A P]SONAL DECISION BY ! C\NCILOR = SECURITY1 ,>TEMI ,AIGUADE4 ,IT IS MORE LIKELY ?AT ! DECISION W\LD HAVE BE5 MADE BY ! PANEL :I* MET AFT] ! C\NCIL MEET+ ON ,MAY #a/1.<#g#g.> OR RESULT$ FROM ! 9CID5T ON ,SUNDAY ,MAY #bND1 :5 A TELEPHONE CONV]SATION BETWE5 ,COMPANYS & ,AZANA 7:O HAPP5$ TO BE 9 ,B>CELONA7 WAS CRASSLY 9T]RUPT$ BY ,C,N,T MILITANTS4 ,( C\RSE1 IF ! OP]ATION FAIL$1 ! SECURITY C\NCILOR W\LD C>RY ! FULL POLITICAL RESPONSIBILITY4 ,BY A /ROKE ( LUCK1 ON ,MONDAY ,MAY #cRD1 ,COMPANYS HAPP5$ TO BE ON A VISIT TO ,B5IC>LO = A MEET+ ) ,L>GO ,CABALL]O1 CONV5I5TLY 5ABL+ HIM TO DISSOCIATE HIMSELF FROM ! 9ITIAL 9CID5TS4 ,BE ?AT AS IT MAY1 ,COMPANYS' POLITICAL ACTION1 ) HIS BL9K]$1 9COMPREH5SIBLE REFUSAL TO DISMISS ,>TEMIO ,AIGUADE & ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS1.<#g#h.> AS ! ,C,N,T HAD 9SI/$ RIM$ CLA%ES 9 ! 5SU+ DAYS4 ,ON ,MONDAY ,MAY #c1 #a#i#c#g1 ?REE TRUCK LOADS ( HEAVILY >M$ ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS1 DREW UP \TSIDE ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE 9 ! ,PLAZA DE ,CATALUNA4 ,!Y W]E L$ BY ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS1 ,U,G,T MILITANT & DY$-9-!-WOOL ,/AL9I/1 ! (FIC] COMM&+ ! PUBLIC ORD] COMMISS>IAT 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,EV] S9CE ,JULY #a#i1 ! ,EX*ANGE HAD BE5 COMM&E]$ BY ! ,C,N,T4 ,! SORE PO9T WAS CONTROL ( TELEPHONE L9KS1 BORD] CONTROLS & ! CONTROL PATROLS3 S9CE ,JANU>Y1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T & ! MASSES ( ! ,C,N,T HAD CLA%$ SEV]AL TIMES OV] !SE4 ,IT WAS AN 9EVITABLE /RUGGLE BETWE5 ! REPUBLICAN /ATE APP>ATUS1 :I* WAS 9SI/+ UPON COMPLETE RECOV]Y ( ALL ( 0ITS0 PROP] PR]OGATIVES1 & ! ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP'S DEF5SE ( ! 0GA9S0 ( ,JULY #a#i1 #a#i#c#f4 ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS ATTEMPT$ TO TAKE CONTROL ( ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE4 ,! ,C,N,T MILITANTS ON ! L[] FLOORS1 CAUM$3 BUT ON ! UPP] FLOORS DOGG$ RESI/ANCE WAS ORGANIZ$1 ?ANKS TO A MA*9E-GUN /RATEGICALLY POSITION$ ON ! TOP FLOOR4 ,! NEWS SPREAD LIKE WILDFIRE4 ,B>RICADES W]E ?R[N UP IMM$IATELY ALL OV] ! CITY4 ,WE CAN SPEAK ( A SPONTANE\S BACKLA% FROM ! ,B>CELONA WORK+ CLASS1 IF WE REG>D AS SU* ! 9ITIATIVE %[N BY ! MIDDLE RANK+ CADRES ( ! ,C,N,T1.<#g#i.> AS WELL AS ! FACT ?AT !RE ALREADY EXI/$ SIGNIFICANT MILITANT ORGANIZATION AMONG ! ,C,N,T RANK & FILE1 9 ! %APE ( ! DI/RICT DEF5SE COMMITTEES & ! CONTROL PATROLS4.<#h.> ,SIMIL>LY1 WE CAN SPEAK ( A SPONTANE\S BACKLA%1 IF WE BE> IT 9 M9D ?AT AT NO TIME DID AN ORD] GO \T FROM ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP1 OR FROM ! LEAD]%IP ( ANY O!R P>TY1 BE=E MOBILIZATION OCCURR$ & B>RICADES W]E ?R[N UP ALL >\ND ! CITY4 ,NOR HAD ANYONE ISSU$ ! CALL = A G5]AL /RIKE1 :I* WAS ! PRODUCT ( CLASS 9/9CT4 ,?IS WAS GR\ND RIPE = ! ACTION ?AT (F]$ ITSELF TO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,!Y MANAG$ TO ATT5D IMM$IATELY TO :AT ! CIRCUM/ANCES REQUIR$4 ,:IL/ ! WORK]S F\Y OBJECTIVE4 ,BUT !Y SOON DISCOV]$ !IR LIMITATIONS4 ,!Y CRITICIZ$ ! ,C,N,T'S LEAD]S1 :OM !Y LABEL$ TRAITORS 9 !IR ,MAY #h ,MANIFE/O1 BUT !Y W]E UNABLE TO OV]RULE ! ORD] TO QUIT ! B>RICADES4 ,NOR DID !Y CONSID] SUPPLANT+ ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP4 ,!Y DID NO?+ TO SEE TO IT ?AT !IR SLOGAN AB\T E/ABLI%+ A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA WAS IMPLEM5T$4 ,!Y KNEW ?AT !IR CRITICISMS ( ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]%IP W\LD NOT BE 5\< TO WRE/ CONTROL ( ! ,C,N,T ORGANIZATION FROM IT4 ,ON ! O!R H&1 ! ,GR\P WAS NEWBORN1 LACK+ EXP]I5CE & LACK+ 9 PRE/IGE ) ! ,C,N,T MASSES4 ,ITS,IDEA%AD NOT MANAG$ TO P]MEATE ! RANK & FILE MEMB]%IP ?OR\ ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,ELEUT]IO ,ROIG & ,M>T9 W]E SELECT$4.<#h#b.> ,AT #g3 ,P4,M4 ON ,MAY #d !Y MET 9 ! ,PR9CIPAL ,PALACE 9 ! ,RAMBLAS ) ,GORK91 ,N9 & ,&RADE4.<#h#c.> ,JO9TLY1 !Y SCRUT9IZ$ ! SITUATION1 & REA*$ ! UNANIM\S CONCLUSION ?AT1 9 VIEW ( ! ,C,N,T.<#h#d.> & ,F,A,I LEAD]%IPS' OPPOSITION TO A REVOLUTION>Y UPRIS+1 IT WAS DOOM$ TO FAILURE4.<#h#e.> ,IT WAS AGRE$ ?AT AN ORD]LY )DRAWAL ( ! COMBATANTS WAS REQUIR$1 & ?AT ! LATT] %\LD HOLD ON TO !IR WEAPONS4.<#h#f.> ,& ?AT ?IS )DRAWAL %\LD TAKE PLACE ONCE ! OPPOS+ =CES HAD AB&ON$ !IR POSITIONS4 ,& ?AT ASSURANCES W]E NE$$ ?AT !RE W\LD BE NO CRACK-D[N ON ! FIRICADES4 ,! NEXT DAY1 ! TOP LEAD]S & (FIC]S ( ! ,C,N,T MADE A FUR!R RADIO BROADCA/1 CALL+ = ! FIDS KISS+ ,G>CIA ,OLIV]4 ,ON ,W$NESDAY ,MAY #e1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI DI/RIBUT$ >\ND ! B>RICADES ! CELEBRAT$ H&BILL ?AT MADE !M FAM\S3 IT READ AS FOLL[S3 ,C,N,T-,F,A,I4 0,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI0 ,GR\P3 ,WORK]S6 ,A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA4 ,%OOT ! CULPRITS4 ,DIS>M ! >M$ CORPS4 ,SOCIALIZE ! ECONOMY4 ,DISB& ! POLITICAL P>TIES :I* HAVE TURN$ ON ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,WE MU/ NOT SURR5D] ! /REETS4 ,! REVOLUTION BE=E ALL ELSE4 ,WE SALUTE \R COMRADES FROM ! ,P,\,M :O FRAT]NIZ$ ) US ON ! /REETS4 ,LONG LIVE ! ,SOCIAL ,REVOLUTION6 ,D[N ) ! C\NT]REVOLUTION6 ,?IS H&BILL WAS PR9T$ AT GUN-PO9T ON ! NIRIO ,*9O4.<#h#g.> ,! IMPROVIZATION & ! ,GR\P'S LACK ( 9FRA/RUCTURE W]E OBVI\S4 ,! TEXT HAD BE5 DRAFT$ AFT] ?AT MEET+ ) ! ,P,\,M ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE AT #g3 ,P4,M4 ON ,MAY #d1 BY :I* TIME ! ,GR\P & ! ,P,\,M HAD AGRE$ UPON A DEF5SIVE )DRAWAL ) NO SURR5D] ( WEAPONS1 & 9SI/+ UPON ASSURANCES ?AT !RE W\LD BE NO REPRESSION4 ,! H&BILL1 5DORS$ BY ! ,P,\,M1 & REPR9T$ 9 ISSUE ,NO4 #bce ( ,LA ,BATALLA 7ON ,MAY #f7 WAS NOT BACK$ BY ANY PLAN ( ACTION & WAS M]ELY A /ATEM5T ( 9T5T & AN APPEAL TO ! ,C,N,T MASSES' SPONTANEITY TO PRESS AHEAD ) !IR ACTIVITIES AGA9/ ! 5CROA*M5TS ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,9 PO9T ( FACT1 EV]Y?+ H+$ UPON ! DECISION ?AT ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP W\LD MAKE4 ,IT WAS ABSURD & LAUY LEAD]%IP WAS !RE ANY *ANCE1 ALBEIT V]Y SLIM *ANCE1 ( ! MASSES' ABID+ BY ! REVOLUTION>Y WAT*WORDS & PLAN ( ACTION ( A NEW LEAD]%IP4 ,BUT NEI!R ! ,GR\P NOR ! ,P,\,M MADE ANY ATTEMPT TO UNSEAT ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP3 NOR HAD !Y DRAWN UP ANY PLAN ( ACTION4 ,9 PRACTICE1 BO? PURSU$ A POLICY ( COMPLIANCE ) ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP'S DECISIONS4 ,! ,P,\,M'S ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE REJECT$ ,JOSE ,REBULL'S PLAN TO CAPTURE ! ,G5]ALIDAD & ! BUILD+S /ILL HOLD+ \T 9 ! CITY C5T]1 ON ! GR\NDS ?AT ?IS WAS A POLITICAL MATT]1 NOT A MILIT>Y ONE4.<#h#h.> ,ALSO ON ,MAY #e !RE WAS A MEET+ BETWE5 ! ,P,\,M ,LOCAL ,COMMITTEE 9 ,B>CELONA & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI -- A MEET+ :I* ! ,P,\,MI/S DESCRIB$ AS NEGATIVE1.<#h#i.> BECAUSE3 ,!Y .<,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI.> >E UNWILL+ TO WORK DIRECTLY UPON ,C,N,T RANKS TO UNSEAT ! LEAD]%IP1 WI%+ ONLY TO 9FLU5CE ! MOVEM5T1 ) NO MORE RESPONSIBILITY ?AN ?AT4 ,9 ! H&BILL !Y ISSU$ ON ,MAY #e1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI SUGGE/$ CONC]N$ ACTION ) ! ,P,\,M4 ,AS !IR IMM$IATE OBJECTIVE & TO DIRECT ! REVOLUTION1 !Y PROPOS$ ?AT A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA BE E/ABLI%$4 ,BUT ONCE ?AT WAT*WORD HAD GONE \T1 !Y DID NO?+ TO PUT IT 9TO EFFECT4 ,!Y W]E B>RICADE FIRICADES4 ,! PR9T$ WORD ( ! H&BILL NEV] PROGRESS$ AS F> AS A H>D & FA/ AGREEM5T4 ,!Y DID VIRTUALLY NO?+ TO UNSEAT ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP & WRE/ AWAY CONTROL ( ! ,C,N,T MASSES :I* REPEAT$LY TURN$ A DEAF E> TO ORD]S TO QUIT ! FICELONA4 ,BO? ,JOSEP ,ROVIRA & ,MAXIMO ,FRANCO W]E P]SUAD$ TO RETURN TO ! FRONT BY ,ISGLEAS1 ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN & ,MOL9A -- ?AT IS1 BY ! ,C,N,T P]SONNEL :O GAVE ! ORD]S 9 ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S ,DEF5SE ,DEP>TM5T4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI TRU/$ 5TIRELY TO ! CREATIVITY & 9/9CTS ( ! MASSES4 ,!RE WAS NOT EV5 ! M]E/ H9T ( COORD9ATION BETWE5 ! V>I\S MEMB]S ( ! ,GR\P3 9/EAD EV]YONE DID AS HE PLEAS$1 :]EV] HE ?\RICADES TO >GUE ) & P]SUADE ! GRASSROOTS MILITANTS TO QUIT ! B>RICADES4 ,& ! ,C,N,T MASSES1 BEWILD]$ BY ! APPEALS FROM !IR LEAD]S 7! V]Y SAME LEAD]S AS ON ,JULY #a#i67 EV5TUALLY *OSE TO GIVE UP ! FI*I/ LEAD]S PROTE/$1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S RESPONSE WAS ?AT 0IT WAS A MATT] ( A FAIT ACCOMPLI0 & ! ,C,N,T LEAD]S *OSE NOT TO BROADCA/ ?IS FUR!R 0TREA*]Y10 LE/ IT 9FLAME PASSIONS4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P WAS AT NO TIME A S]I\S IMP$IM5T TO ! ,C,N,T'S POLICY ( ANTIFASCI/ UNITY4 ,AT MO/ !Y W]E AN OPPOSITION CRITICAL ( ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I LEAD]%IPS1 & ABOVE ALL1 AN IRKSOME & UNWELCOME REM9D] ?AT ! POLICY ( COLLABORATION ) ! MA*9]Y ( ! ,/ATE WAS A BETRAYAL ( AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ PR9CIPLES & IDEOLOGY4 ,DI/RIBUTION ( ! H&BILL >\ND ! B>RICADES WAS NO EASY UND]TAK+1 RISK+ ! SUSPICIONS ( MANY MILITANTS & EV5 BRAV+ PHYSICAL.<#i.> RETALIATION4 ,WE KN[ ( ONE MEET+ BETWE5 ,BALIUS & ,JOSEP ,REBULL1 ! SECRET>Y ( ! ,P,\,M'S ,CELL #g#b1 DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS4 ,A MEET+ :I*1 GIV5 ! NUM]ICAL SLI ,! ,MANIFE/O :I* ! ,GR\P DI/RIBUT$ ON ,MAY #h?1.<#i#b.> 9 :I* !Y REVIEW$ ! ,MAY EV5TS1 WAS PR9T$ ON ! PRESSES ( ,LA ,BATALLA 4 ,! ,GR\P1 HAV+ BE5 D5\NC$ BY ! ,C,N,T AS A B& ( PROVOCATEURS1 HAD NO PRESSES ON :I* TO PR9T IT4 ,A ,P,\,M MILITIAN BY ! NAME ( ,P>ADELL1 A LEAD] ( ! ,%OP ASSI/ANTS' UNION1 UPON DISCOV]+ ! PROBLEM FAC+ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P1 RAIS$ ! MATT] ) ,JOSEP ,REBULL1 ! ADM9I/RATOR ( ! ,P,\,M NEWSPAP]1 & ! LATT]1 HONOR+ HIS BASIC DUTY ( REVOLUTION>Y SOLID>ITY1 & )\T CONSULTATION ) ANY HI<] P>TY AU?ORITY1 (F]$ ! USE ( HIS PRESSES TO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P4.<#i#c.> ,9 ! ,MANIFE/O1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI L9K$ ! SEIZURE ( ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE ) E>LI] PROVOCATIONS4 ,!Y NAM$ ! ,ESQU]RA ,REPUBLICANA1 ! ,P,S,U,C1 & ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S >M$ AG5CIES AS RESPONSIBLE = HAV+ TRIGG]$ ! ,MAY EV5TS4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ASS]T$ ! REVOLUTION>Y *>ACT] ( ,JULY #aicf 7& >GU$ ?AT IT WAS NOT JU/ OPPOSITION TO A FASCI/ UPRIS+7 & ( ,MAY #aicg 7:I* WAS NOT SIMPLY AIM$ AT A *ANGE ( GOV]NM5T73 ,\R ,GR\P :I* WAS ON ! /REET1 ON ! B>RICADES1 DEF5D+ ! PROLET>IAT'S GA9S1 CALLS = ! TOTAL TRIUMPH ( ! SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 ,WE CANNOT C\NT5ANCE ! FICTION1 & ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y FACT1 :]EBY A NEW GOV]NM5T IS =M$ ) ! SAME P>TIES1 BUT ) DIFF]5T REPRES5TATIVES4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI C\NT]$ ! P>LIAM5T>Y COMPROMISES :I* !Y LABEL$ AS DECEIT ) !IR REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM1 AS SET \T 9 ?AT H&BILL DI/RIBUT$ ON ,MAY #e?3 ,\R ,GR\P DEM&S ! IMM$IATE E/ABLI%M5T ( A REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA1 ! %OOT+ ( ! GUILTY ONES1 ! DIS>M+ ( ! >M$ CORPS1 ! SOCIALIZATION ( ! ECONOMY & ! DISB&+ ( ALL ! POLITICAL P>TIES :I* TURN$ ON ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P HAD NO HESITATION 9 >GU+ ?AT ! BATTLE HAD BE5 WON BY ! WORK]S &1 ?AT BE+ SO1 !Y HAD TO DO AWAY ONCE & = ALL ) A ,G5]ALIDAD ?AT SIGNIFI$ NO?+4 ,! ,GR\P LEVEL$ A *>GE ( TREASON AGA9/ ! ,C,N,T'S COMMITTEES & LEAD]S :O HAD BR\RI$ ! DAY4 ,IT DEFIES BELIEF ?AT ! ,C,N,T'S COMMITTEES %\LD HAVE ACT$ ) SU* TIMIDITY ?AT !Y V5TUR$ TO ORD] A 'CEASE-FIRE' & 9DE$ =C$ A RETURN TO WORK :5 WE /OOD ON ! V]Y ?RE%OLD ( TOTAL VICTORY4 ,NO ACC\NT WAS TAK5 ( ! PROV5ANCE ( ! ATTACK NO HE$ PAID TO ! TRUE MEAN+ ( ! PRES5T EV5TS4 ,SU* CONDUCT HAS TO BE DESCRIB$ AS TREASON TO ! REVOLUTION :I* NO ONE \RI$ \T BY ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A & ! ,C,N,T'S MO/ PROM95T MILITANTS40 ,! DESCRIPTION 0TREASON0 WAS REPEAT$ 9 A REF]5CE TO ! ,C,N,T ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE'S DISAV[AL ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 & TO ! TRANSF] ( RESPONSIBILITIES = SECURITY & DEF5SE 7NOT ?OSE UND] ,G5]ALIDAD CONTROL1 BUT ! ONES UND] ,C,N,T CONTROL7 TO ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T 9 ,VAL5CIA3 ,! TREASON IS ON A MONUM5TAL SCALE4 ,! TWO ESS5TIAL GU>ANTEES ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 SECURITY & DEF5SE1 >E (F]$ TO \R 5EMIES ON A PLATT]4 ,! ,MANIFE/O CLOS$ ) A %ORT SELF-CRITICISM ( SOME TACTICAL %ORTCOM+S DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS1 & AN OPTIMI/IC LOOK TO ! FUTURE -- ONE :I* ! IMM$IATE TIDE ( REPRESSION UNLEA%$ ON ,MAY #bh W\LD %[ TO BE VA9 & 9SUB/ANTIAL4 ,MAY #aicg DID NOT 5D 9 /ALEMATE1 BUT WAS A HEAVY DEFEAT = ! PROLET>IAT4 ,= ALL ( ! MY?OLOGY SURR\ND+ ! EV5TS ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 ! FACT IS ?AT IT REPRES5T$ A V]Y *AOTIC1 CONFUS$.<#i#d.> SITUATION1 *>ACT]IZ$ BY EV]Y ONE ( ! SIDES 9VOLV$ 9 ! FIY 9SURRECTION1 BUT BEGAN AS A DEF5SE ( 0TRADE UNION [N]%IP0 E/ABLI%$ 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f4 ,:AT TRIGG]$ ! FIT & P>CEL ( ! ,COMPANYS'S GOV]NM5T'S ONGO+ 9T5T TO RECOV]1 BIT BY BIT1 ! P[]S :I* ! 0IRREGUL>0 SITUATION ( A WORK]S' UPRIS+ 9 ,JULY #ai HAD MOM5T>ILY HAD WRE/$ FROM IT4 ,! REC5T SUCCESSES SCOR$ 9 ,PUIGC]DA & ?R\<\T ! ,C]DANA PAV$ ! WAY = A DEF9ITIVE MOVE 9 ,B>CELONA & RIY =CES1 ?AT IS1 ( ! ,P,\,M & ! ,C,N,T1 W]E ,SOVIET AIMS ?AT C\LD ONLY BE 5COMPASS$ IF ! B\RGEOIS ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T C\LD BE /R5G!N$4 ,! PROTRACT$ CRISIS OP5$ UP 9 ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T FOLL[+ ! ,C,N,T'S REFUSAL TO ACCEPT ! ,M>* #d1 #aicg DECREE DISB&+ ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS1 WAS RESOLV$ ) VIOL5CE 7AFT] SEV]AL 9/ANCES ( >M$ SKIRMI%+ 9 ,VILANESA1 ,LA ,FAT>ELLA1 ,CULL]A 7,VAL5CIA71 ,BELLV]1 & AT ,ROLDAN ,CORTADA'S FUN]AL1 ETC47 9 ! ATTACK UPON ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE & 9 ! BLOODY EV5TS ( ,MAY 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,/ULTIFY+ %ORTSI*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]S' 7FROM ,PEIRO TO ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y1 FROM ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN TO ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 FROM ,M>IANET TO ,VAL]IO ,MAS7 COLLABORATION ) ! REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T1 W]E NOT NEGLIGIBLE FACTORS1 NOR HAD ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T & ,SOVIET AG5TS OV]LOOK$ !M4 ,!Y C\LD ALSO C\NT UPON AN AS99E SA9TL9ESS1 AS WAS AMPLY DEMON/RAT$ DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS4 ,AS F> AS ! ACTIONS ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS >E CONC]N$1 A MISLEAD+ MY?OLOGIZATION ( ITS ROLE ON ! B>RICADES & ITS H&BILL.<#i#e.> W\LD ALSO BE \T ( PLACE4 ,AS WE HAVE /AT$ ALREADY1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI DID NOT1 AT ANY TIME1 9T5D TO UNSEAT ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP1 BUT CONT5T$ !MSELVES TO ! UTT]ANCE ( SCA?+ CRITICISMS ( ITS LEAD]S & !IR POLICY ( TREASON T[>DS ! REVOLUTION4 ,MAYBE !Y W]E UNABLE TO DO ANY?+ ELSE1 GIV5 !IR NUMB]S & ! SLI !IR ASC5DANCY ON SEV]AL B>RICADES ON ! ,RAMBLAS1 ESPECIALLY ONES OPPOSITE !IR HEADQU>T]S1.<#i#g.> & !IR 9VOLVEM5T 9 ! FI\ND ! B>RICADES1 !Y C\LD DEP5D UPON HELP FROM ,C,N,T MILITANTS4 ,AMONG ! ACTIVITIES DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS WOR? M5TION+1 WE %\LD NOT =GET ! CALL1 ISSU$ BY ,BALIUS FROM A B>RICADE LOCAT$ AT ! JUNCTION ( ! ,RAMBLAS & ! ,CALLE ,HOSPITAL1 = ALL ( ,EUROPE'S WORK]S TO %[ SOLID>ITY ) ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION4.<#i#h.> ,UPON RECEIV+ REPORTS ?AT A ,COLUMN ( ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS WAS ON ITS WAY FROM ,VAL5CIA TO PUT D[N ! REVOLT1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI RESPOND$ BY TRY+ TO M>%AL AN AN>*I/ COLUMN TO HEAD IT (F4 ,BUT ?IS NEV] GOT BEYOND ! PLANN+ /AGES1 9 ?AT IT WAS NOT TAK5 UP BY ! ,C,N,T MILITANTS :O SET AB\T AB&ON+ !IR B>RICADES4 ,F9ALLY1 WE \RICADES1 ASSURANCES ?AT !RE W\LD BE NO RETALIATION3 & ABOVE ALL PO9T+ \T ?AT RET5TION ( >MS -- :I* \ANTEE ( ALL4 ,FROM A !ORETICAL ANGLE1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S ROLE WAS MU* MORE \T/&+ AFT] ! ,MAY EV5TS :5 !Y SET AB\T PUBLI%+ !IR NEWSPAP]1 :I* BORR[$ ITS NAME FROM ! PAP] PUBLI%$ BY ,M>AT DUR+ ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION3 ,! ,PEOPLE'S ,FRI5D4 "9"9 O ,*APT] #g 3 ,AFT] ,MAY #g4 ,AFT] ,MAY ,! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP MOV$ ?AT MEMB]S ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P BE EXPELL$1 BUT IT NEV] C\LD GET ?AT MEASURE RATIFI$ BY ANY ASSEMBLY ( UNIONS4.<#i#i.> ,! ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP SYMPA?IZ$ ) ! REVOLUTION>Y OPPOSITION EMBODI$ 9 ! ,GR\P4 ,NOT ?AT ?IS MEANS ?AT !Y SUBSCRIB$ EI!R TO ! ACTIVITIES OR ! ?9K+ ( ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 BUT !Y DID UND]/& !IR /ANCE & RESPECT$1 9DE$ SUPPORT$1 !IR CRITICISMS ( ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP4.<#a.> ,! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP DELIB]ATELY US$ & ABUS$ ! ALLEGATION 0M>XI/10 :I* WAS ! WOR/ CONCEIVABLE T]M ( ABUSE AMONG AN>*I/S & ONE ?AT WAS REPEAT$LY US$ AGA9/ ! ,GR\P & MORE SPECIFICALLY AGA9/ ,BALIUS4 ,!RE IS NO?+ 9 ! ,GR\P'S !ORETICAL T5ETS1 MU* LESS 9 ! COLUMNS ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 OR 9 !IR V>I\S MANIFE/OES & H&BILLS TO M]IT ! DESCRIPTION 0M>XI/0 BE+ APPLI$ TO ! ,GR\P4 ,!Y W]E SIMPLY AN OPPOSITION TO ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP'S COLLABORATIONI/ POLICY1 MAK+ !IR /& )9 ! ORGANIZATION & UPON AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ IDEOLOGY4 ,! FIR/ ISSUE ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO WAS PUBLI%$ LAWFULLY ON ,MAY #a#i1.<#a#a.> MANY ( ITS GALLEY PRO(S ]AS$ BY ! C5SORS4 ,! R$ & BLACK BROAD %EET COV] PAGE C>RI$ A DRAW+ %[+ A SMIL+ ,DURRUTI HOLD+ ! R$ & BLACK FLAG AL(T4 ,NUMB] #a BORE NO DATE4 ,! $ITORIAL & ADM9I/RATIVE (FICES W]E LI/$ AS ,NO4 #a1 FIR/ FLOOR1 ,RAMBLA DE LAS ,FLORES4 ,! PAP] PROCLAIM$ ITSELF ! M\?PIECE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,BALIUS WAS LI/$ AS $ITOR-9-*IEF1 & ,ELEUT]IO ,ROIG1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ & ,DOM+O ,PANIAGUA AS $ITORS4 ,! MO/ 9TRIGU+ >TICLE :I* BORE ,BALIUS'S SIGNATURE WAS 5TITL$ 0,= ! RECORD4 ,WE >E NOT AG5TS PROVOCATEURS10 9 :I* ,BALIUS DEPLOR$ ! 9SULTS & ASP]SIONS EMANAT+ FROM ! ,C,N,T'S [N RANKS4 ,HE M5TION$ ! H&BILL & ! MANIFE/O ISSU$ 9 ,MAY1 CLAIM+ ?AT HE HAD NOT REPR9T$ !SE BECAUSE !Y W\LD ASSUR$LY & 9EVITABLY HAVE BE5 C5SOR$4 ,HE DIRECTLY ATTACK$ ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A.<#a#b.> = ITS V5OM\S ATTITUDE T[>DS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI & REFUT$ ! SLURS EMANAT+ FROM ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP3 0,WE >E NOT AG5TS PROVOCATEURS40 ,NO4 #b1 :I* DISPLAYS NO C5SOR$ PASSAGES1 HAD A PR9T RUN ( FIFTE5 ?\S& COPIES4.<#a#c.> ,! COLOR$ COV] PAGE %[$ A DRAW+ COMMEMORAT+ ,ASCASO'S DEA? 9 ! ATTACK UPON ! ,AT>AZANAS B>RACKS4 ,?IS ISSUE WAS DATE-L9$ ,B>CELONA1 ,W$NESDAY ,MAY #b#f1 #a#i#c#g4 ,! COV] BORE ! FOLL[+ NOTICE3 ,! SQUALID TREATM5T :I* ! C5SORS HAVE MET$ \T TO US REQUIRES US TO GIVE IT ! SLIP4 ,! IMP]T95CE ( ]AS+ \R MO/ 9SIGNIFICANT REM>KS IS A %AME & A DISGRACE4 ,WE CANNOT1 NOR WILL WE PUT UP ) IT4 ,SLAVES1 NO6 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 ?IS $ITION WAS NOT PRES5T$ = C5SOR%IP & WAS PUBLI%$ CL&E/9ELY4.<#a#d.> ,PROM95T 9 ?IS ISSUE WAS ! D5UNCIATION ( ! WAT*WORDS ISSU$ BY ! ,U,G,T1 ! ,/AL9I/-CONTROLL$ UNION :I* HAD EXPELL$ ! ,P,\,MI/S FROM ITS RANKS & ASK$ ?AT ! ,C,N,T TREAT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI LIKEWISE4 ,IT C>RI$ NO >TICLE ) ,BALIUS'S BYL9E4 ,H[EV]1 TWO >TICLES /& \T1 NOT SO MU* ON ACC\NT ( ANY 9TR9SIC WOR? BUT RA!R ON ACC\NT ( ! M5TALITY !Y MIRROR4 ,ONE ( !M1 SIGN$ BY 0,FULM50 DREW P>ALLELS BETWE5 ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION ( #agic & ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION 9 #a#i#c#g1 BETWE5 ,M>AT & ,BALIUS & BETWE5 ! ,JABOB9S & ! DURRUTI/AS4 ,ANO!R1 UNCR$IT$ >TICLE D5\NC$ A S]IES ( LEAD+ ,CATALANI/ P]SONALITIES LIV+ 9 ,P>IS ON RETA9]S FROM ! ,G5]ALIDAD4 ,A COMP>ISON WAS ALSO MADE 9 A POPULI/1 DEMAGOGIC WAY1 BETWE5 ! SAL>IES RECEIV$ BY ,COMPANYS & O!R POLITICIANS & ! PAY ( MILITIANS & ! DIFFICULTIES ( RAIS+ FUNDS TO KEEP ! W> GO+4 ,BO? !SE >TICLES >E 9T]E/+1 9 ?AT !Y 9DICATE A WORK]I/1 DEMAGOGIC \TLOOK1 :I* SEEMS TO HAVE TI$ 9 V]Y WELL ) ! DAY-TO-DAY ECONOMIC /RAITS & DISCOM=TS ( ! COMMON PEOPLE1 & :I* WAS NOT COMMONLY F\ND 9 ! RE/ ( ! NEWSPAP]S ( ! TIME4 ,?IS1 WE MAY SAY1 WAS A *>ACT]I/IC FEATURE ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO4 ,?IS $ITION'S $ITORIAL COMM5T1 :I* WAS C>RI$ ON ! BACK COV] UND] ! TITLE 0,! ,NEGR9 GOV]NM5T10 BEMOAN$ ! =MATION ( A C\NT]-REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T UND] ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY SPONSOR%IP AS A RESULT ( ! ,MAY EV5TS1 ! %ORT-T]M OBJECTIVE ( IT BE+ TO DIS>M ! WORK+ CLASS & =M A B\RGEOIS >MY4 ,! $ITORIAL CATEGORIZ$ ! RESOLUTION ( ! CRISIS 9 ! ,VAL5CIA GOV]NM5T AS A CLE> EXAMPLE ( COLONIAL 9T]V5TION .<,RUSSIAN 9T]V5TION1 IT WAS IMPLI$.>4 ,BALIUS WAS JAIL$ & REFUS$ BAIL 7>\ND MID-,JUNE7 OV] ?IS $ITORIAL1 AL?\< HE WAS NEV] BR\G$ ) HE>+ ! CASE ORD]$ HIM RELEAS$4 ,A =TNI\ND MID-,OCTOB]7 HE WAS JAIL$ AGA9 7AT ! />T ( ,NOVEMB]7 = TWO MON?S1 UND] A PREV5TIVE DET5TION ORD]1 & H&$ OV] TO ,COMMISSION] ,BURILLO4.<#a#e.> ,?US HE WAS 9C>C]AT$ = SOME N9E MON?S 9 ALL & ONLY ESCAP$ A ?IRD P]IOD BEH9D B>S BECAUSE HE FL$ ,B>CELONA TO AVOID IT4 ,ISSUE ,NO4 #c BORE ! DATE ,JUNE #a#b1 #a#i#c#g1 CLAIM$ TO HAVE BE5 PUBLI%$ 9 ,B>CELONA & WAS N[ 5TIRELY )\T COLOR4 ,?IS ISSUE SEEM$ A LOT MORE PUGNACI\S1 & ! >TICLES HAD A LOT MORE BITE TO !M4 ,!RE W]E D5UNCIATIONS ( ! MURD] ( SEV]AL AN>*I/ MILITANTS1 5CROA*M5TS AGA9/ ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS :I* IT WAS 9T5D$ TO \TLAW1 & ! TEXT ( !IR ,MAY H&BILL WAS QUOT$ & ITS CONT5T EXPLA9$4 ,IT WAS ANN\NC$ AS IMM95T EV5TS CRUCIAL TO ! FUTURE ( ! REVOLUTION1 :I* WAS 9 IMM$IATE DANG]4.<#a#f.> ,!RE WAS AN UNCR$IT$ >TICLE1 ASCRIBABLE TO ,FULM51 ON ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION3 NEWS ( ! MILIT>Y SUCCESSES ( ! AN>*I/ ,CIPRIANO ,M]A ON ! ,MADRID FRONT3 SOME POEMS BY ,ELEUT]IO ,ROIG3 AN >TICLE BY ,SANTANA ,CAL]O 9 :I* HE AV]R$ ?AT IMITAT+ ,DURRUTI MEANT NOT APPEASEM5T1 BUT RA!R1 ADVOCACY ( ! LATT]'S IDEOLOGICAL POSITIONS ON ! NECESSITY ( W9N+ ! W> IF !Y W]E TO BE FREE3 ,DURRUTI'S RADIO BROADCA/ FROM ! ,MADRID FRONT WAS REPR9T$3 !RE WAS A DEMAGOGIC >TICLE ON ! ,>AGON FRONT & ! RE>GU>D3 A SCA?+ D5UNCIATION ( ! LATE/ /ATEM5TS BY ,PEIRO REG>D+ ! 9TRODUCTION ( A REPUBLIC LIKE ! ONE 9 EXI/5CE PRIOR TO ,JULY #ai 3 & ABOVE ALL1 MO/ 9T]E/+LY ( ALL1 AN >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,APROPOS ( ! ,MAY ,EV5TS0 9 :I* ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI RETRACT$ ! DESCRIPTION 0TRAITORS0 US$ 9 !IR ,MANIFE/O ( ,MAY #h? AB\T ! ,C,N,T'S LEAD+ COMMITTEES1 & SIMULTANE\SLY ASK$ ?AT ! DESCRIPTION 0AG5TS PROVOCATEURS0 US$ AB\T ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI BY ! ,C,N,T BE RETRACT$ TOO4 ,9 ISSUE ,NO4 #d1 DAT$ ,JUNE #b#b1 #a#i#c#g1 !RE WAS A REPORT ( ,BALIUS'S HAV+ BE5 DETA9$ )\T BAIL4 ,PROM95TLY DISPLAY$ ON ! COV] WAS ! ,GR\P'S S*$ULE ( DEM&S 7ALREADY RE-VAMP$ SEV]AL TIMES S9CE IT HAD FIR/ APPE>$ 9 ! MANIFE/O ISSU$ 9 LATE ,M>* #a#i#c#g71 :I* PROPOS$ DRACONIAN MEASURES LIKE COMPULSORY UNIONIZATION1 PURGES ( ! RE>GU>D1 RATION+1 >M+ ( ! PROLET>IAT1 DISB&+ ( ! AG5CIES ( REPRESSION1 ETC4444 AIM$ AT DEF5D+ A REVOLUTION M5AC$ BY ! REACTION1 & W9N+ ! W> AGA9/ ! FASCI/S3 ,WE1 'IRRESPONSIBLE AG5TS PROVOCATEURS1' CALL =3 TRADE UNION DIRECTION ( ECONOMIC & SOCIAL LIFE4 ,! FREE MUNICIPALITY4 ,! >MY & PUBLIC ORD] TO BE OV]SE5 BY ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,DISSOLUTION ( ! ,>M$ ,CORPS4 ,RET5TION ( ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES & ,DEF5SE ,C\NCILOR%IPS4 ,>MS MU/ BE 9 ! POSSESSION ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,RIFLES >E ! ULTIMATE GU>ANTEE ( ! REVOLUTION'S GA9S4 ,NO ONE BUT ! WORK+ CLASS MAY HAVE ACCESS TO !M4 ,ABOLITION ( RANKS4 ,=TIFICATIONS BATTALIONS TO BE MADE UP ( ! ,PROLET>IAT'S 5EMIES4 ,COMPULSORY UNIONIZATION4 ,EMPLOYM5T BUREAUS4 ,AN 5D TO REF]5CES 9 SECUR+ EMPLOYM5T4 ,RATION C>DS4 ,OBLIGATORY LABOR4 ,! RE>GU>D MU/ LIVE = ! W>4 ,SOCIALIZATION ( ALL ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION & EX*ANGE4 ,A FIGU>D4 ,E/ABLI%M5T ( NEI & ! REVOLUTION MU/ T\* US ALL EQUALLY4 ,SUSP5SION ( ! B\RGEOIS ,P>LIAM5T4 ,SUSP5SION ( PASSPORTS4 ,MOBILIZATION AGA9/ ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,ABSOLUTE NONCOMPLIANCE ) ! CO]CIVE MEASURES ( ! ,/ATE1 SU* AS 5=CEM5T ( C5SOR%IP1 DIS>M+ ( ! WORK]S1 ,/ATE CONFISCATION ( RADIO /ATIONS1 ETC4 ,RESOLUTE OPPOSITION TO ,MUNICIPALIZATION ( ! MEANS ( PRODUCTION UNTIL SU* TIME AS ! WORK+ CLASS 5JOYS ABSOLUTE MA/]Y ( ! C\NTRY4 ,REV]SION TO \R ORGANIZATIONS' REVOLUTION>Y T5OR 9 FULL4 ,UTT] OPPOSITION TO GOV]NM5TAL COLLABORATION1 IT BE+ UTT]LY C\NT]-PRODUCTIVE 9 ! EMANCIPATION ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,W> TO ! DEA? AGA9/ SPECULATORS1 BUREAUCRATS & ?OSE BEH9D ! RISE 9 ! CO/ ( LIV+4 ,ON A W> FOOT+ AGA9/ ANY >MI/ICE4 ,ON PAGE #b1 ! FOLL[+ ANN\NCEM5T OR REM9D] APPE>$3 0,REVOLUTION>Y ,PROGRAM ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P3 ,A REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA4 ,ECONOMIC P[] TO ! UNIONS4 ,FREE MUNICIPALITIES4 ,WE WANT TO /EP UP A GE>4 ,WE >E AN>*I/S40 ,9 ADDITION1 !RE WAS ! CU/OM>Y POEM FROM ,ELEUT]IO ,ROIG1 ! USUAL >TICLE BY ,FULM5 ON ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 & A PIECE BY ,SANTANA ,CAL]O URG+ ! ,LIB]T>IAN Y\? & ! ,F,A,I TO GET TO WORK 9 ! TRADE UNIONS & REAFFIRM+ ! NE$ TO W9 ! W> & PROSECUTE ! REVOLUTION SIMULTANE\SLY4 ,( C\RSE1 \T/&+ WAS A MEMORABLE >TICLE BY ,JAIME ,BALIUS 5TITL$ 0,9 SELF-DEF5SE4 ,I REQUIRE AN EXPLANATION40 ,9 ?IS >TICLE1 ,BALIUS DEF5D$ HIMSELF AGA9/ ! *>GE ?AT HE WAS A M>XI/1 A *>GE LEVEL$ AT HIM BY ! ,C,N,T LEAD]S & ,C,N,T PRESS AS ! MO/ W\ND+ 9SULT ( ALL4 ,9 ISSUE ,NO4 #e ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 DAT$ ,JULY #b1 #a#i#c#g1 & PR9T$ 9 A SMALL] =MAT1 ! SAME ADDRESS IS GIV5 = ! PAP]'S ADM9I/RATION & $ITORIAL (FICES AS 9 ! V]Y FIR/ ISSUE1 EV5 ?\< ! ,GR\P'S (FICES HAD BE5 %UT D[N BY ! POLICE & ! NEWSPAP] WAS BE+ PR9T$ CL&E/9ELY4 ,?IS WAS P>T ( A PLOY TO ?R[ POLICE 9QUIRIES (F ! SC5T4 ,!Y ?\*I/S1 AL?\< 9 FACT IT WAS /ILL BE+ PUBLI%$ 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,/>T+ ) ?IS $ITION1 & 9 ALL SUCCE$+ ISSUES ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 ALL >TICLES W]E UNSIGN$1 EXCEPT = ! OCCASIONAL ONE PUBLI%$ UND] AN ALIAS4 ,AT NO TIME DID ,BALIUS ALL[ HIS IMPRISONM5T TO 9T]F]E ) HIS CONTRIBUT+ TO $ITORIALS1 SOMETIMES EV5 WRIT+ >TICLES FROM PRISON4 ,ISSUE ,NO4 #e IS ONE ( ! MO/ 9T]E/+ ( ! ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO S]IES4 ,PAGE ONE C>RIES AN $ITORIAL 5TITL$ 0,A REVOLUTION>Y !ORY40 ,?AT >TICLE ALONE W\LD BE 5\< TO HI1 BUT 9 AN>*I/ IDEOLOGY4 ,9 ! $ITORIAL1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ASCRIB$ ! PROGRESS ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION & ! FAILURE ( ! ,C,N,T1 FOLL[+ ITS 9CONTROV]TIBLE1 ABSOLUTE TRIUMPH 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f1 TO ONE S+LE FACTOR3 LACK ( A REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM4 ,& ?IS HAD ALSO BE5 BEH9D ! DEFEAT 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,! CONCLUSION TO :I* !Y HAD COME IS SPELL$ \T ) TREM5D\S CL>ITY3 ! D[NW>D SPIRAL .<( ! REVOLUTION.> MU/ BE ATTRIBUT$ EXCLUSIVELY TO ! ABS5CE ( A SPECIFIC PROGRAM & %ORT-T]M A*IEVEM5TS1 & TO ! FACT ?AT1 ON ?IS SCORE1 WE HAVE FALL5 9TO ! SN>ES ( C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y SECTORS JU/ :5 CIRCUM/ANCES W]E PLA9LY TAK+ A FAVORABLE TURN AS F> AS MEET+ ! PROLET>IAT'S ASPIRATIONS WAS CONC]N$4 ,& BY FAIL+ TO GIVE FREE RE9 TO ,JULY'S AWAK5+ ALONG PLA9LY CLASS L9ES1 WE HAVE R5D]$ POSSIBLE PETIT B\RGEOIS RULE :I* C\LD NEV] EV] HAVE COME AB\T1 HAD A UNANIM\S DET]M9ATION TO PLACE ! PROLET>IAT 9 ! DRIV+ SEAT 9 ?IS C\NTRY PREVAIL$4 .<444.> MAK+ ! BLUND] ( ?9K+ ?AT A REVOLUTION ( ! SOCIAL TYPE C\LD %>E ITS ECONOMIC & SOCIAL DYNAMICS ) 5EMY SECTORS4 .<444.> ,9 ,MAY ! PROBLEM WAS POS$ ANEW4 ,ONCE AGA9 ! TALK WAS ( SUPREMACY 9 ! DIRECTION ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,BUT ! V]Y SAME P]SONS :O1 9 ,JULY1 TOOK FRIMAM5T & RU?LESS REPRESSION ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 .<444.> ,SO ?AT1 BY D5Y+ \RSELVES A PROGRAM1 :I* IS TO SAY1 LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM1 WE SURR5D] \RSELVES 5TIRELY TO \R ADV]S>IES1 :O DID & /ILL DO HAVE A PROGRAM & GUIDEL9ES .<444.> TO ! PETIT-B\RGEOIS P>TIES :I* \E ALIVE TO ! NECESSITY = A REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA1 = ! UNIONS TO HAVE CONTROL ( ! ECONOMY & = ! ,MUNICIPALITIES TO ORGANIZE FREELY4 ,\R ,GR\P HAS S\ LE/ CIRCUM/ANCES SIMIL> TO ,JULY & ,MAY1 MI ,REVOLUTIONS )\T !ORY FAIL TO MAKE PROGRESS4 ,WE ( ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' HAVE \TL9$ \R ?9K+1 :I* MAY BE AM5D$ AS APPROPRIATE 9 GREAT SOCIAL UPHEAVALS1 BUT :I* H+ES UPON TWO ESS5TIAL PO9TS :I* CANNOT BE AVOID$4 ,A PROGRAM1 & RIFLES4 ,?IS IS A CRUCIAL TEXT1 = IT REPRES5TS A L&M>K 9 ! EVOLUTION ( AN>*I/ ?9K+4 ,! !ORETICAL NOTIONS SET \T H]E1 PREVI\SLY SKET*$ ONLY 9 A V]Y CONFUS$ WAY1 >E N[ SPELL$ \T ) DAZZL+ CL>ITY4 ,& !SE !ORETICAL ACQUISITIONS W]E LAT] TO BE REIT]AT$ & ?\ = ! FIR/ TIME4 ,& NO ONE CAN FAIL TO APPRECIATE ! NOVELTY & SIGNIFICANCE ( !M 9 ! CONTEXT ( AN>*I/ ?\RIV$ AT ! 5D ( A PA9FUL HI/ORICAL EXP]I5CE1 OV] A CIVIL W> & REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS1 :I* HAD />KLY EXPOS$ ! CONTRADICTIONS & DEM&S ( ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,>E WE TO BELIEVE1 !N1 ?AT ?IS EVOLUTION 9 ! POLITICAL ?9K+ ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI CAN S]I\SLY & V]IFIABLY BE ASCRIB$ TO ! 9FLU5CE ( SOME \TSIDE GR\P1 SAY1 ,TROTSKYI/S OR ,P,\,MI/S8 ,IT IS BEYOND DISPUTE ?AT ?IS IS AN EVOLUTION ATTRIBUTABLE TO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P EXCLUSIVELY4 ,9 !IR ANALYSIS ( ! POLITICAL & HI/ORICAL SITUATION1 !Y HAD COME TO ! CONCLUSION ?AT1 9 A REVOLUTION1 !RE WAS AN 9ELUCTABLE REQUIREM5T ?AT A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA BE E/ABLI%$4 ,NATURALLY1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI %UNN$ ! *>ACT]I/IC T]M9OLOGY ( M>XISM1.<#a#g.> & EMPLOY$ A DIFF]5T IDIOM1 *>ACT]I/IC ( AN>*I/ IDEOLOGY3 & ?AT IDIOM 9 :I* !Y FRAME ! NOTION ( 0DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT10 IS FUR!R PRO( ?AT WE >E DEAL+ H]E ) EVOLUTION 9T]NAL TO ! ,GR\P1 RA!R ?AN ITS BE+ COLONIZ$ OR CAPTIVAT$ BY SOME \TSIDE GR\P4 ,SOCIAL & HI/ORICAL REALITIES >E /UBBORN 5\< & T\< 5\< TO 5SURE ?AT ! ELEM5TS ( REVOLUTION>Y !ORY CAN G]M9ATE 9 A REVOLUTION>Y GR\P :I* SIMPLY KEEPS ITS EYES OP5 & ITS M9D AL]T4 ,9 ! SAME $ITION ( ! PAP]1 !RE WAS AN ANALYSIS ( EV5TS S9CE ,MAY1 :I* 9CLUD$ A D5UNCIATION ( ! 9C>C]ATION & TRIAL ( ,P,\,M MILITANTS BY ! ,/AL9I/S1 & ! DE/RUCTION ( ! COLLECTIVES4 ,PO9T$ CONTRA/S W]E DRAWN BETWE5 ! EASE 9 :I* ! MIDDLE CLASSES1 ! ,/AL9I/S' SPAWN+ GR\ND1 LIV$1 & ! P]SECUTION ( REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S4 ,!RE WAS ALSO ,FULM5'S USUAL PIECE ON ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 \TL9+ AN 9T]E/+ CONTRA/ BETWE5 ! ,FR5* REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS & ! ,SPANI%4 ,F9ALLY1 !RE WAS AN \T/&+ LONG >TICLE D5\NC+ ABORTIVE ATTEMPTS ON ! P>T ( ! ,C,N,T'S LEAD+ COMMITTEES TO HAVE ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI EXPELL$4 ,ISSUE ,NO4 #f ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO IS DAT$ ,B>CELONA1 ,AUGU/ #a#b1 #a#i#c#g4 ,! $ITORIAL IS HEAD$ 0,NECESSITY ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA0 REIT]AT+ ! PREVI\S $ITION'S $ITORIAL AB\T ! NE$ = A REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA & >GU+ ?AT A REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA \E N[ PAY+ ) 9T]E/4 ,?IS DEF5SIVE MISSION WILL FALL TO ! REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA :I* MU/ %[ ! 5EMY NO M]CY4 .<444.> ,! E/ABLI%M5T ( A REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA IS ( CAPITAL IMPORTANCE4 ,IT IS NOT A MATT] ( YET ANO!R AB/RACTION4 ,IT IS ! \TCOME ( A S]IES ( FAILURES & DISA/]S4 ,& IS ! CATEGORICAL AM5DM5T ( ! TRAJECTORY FOLL[$ HI!RTO4 ,9 ,JULY AN ANTIFASCI/ COMMITTEE WAS SET UP :I* WAS NOT EQUAL TO ! IMPLICATIONS ( ?AT SUBLIME H\R4 ,H[ C\LD ! EMBRYO ?R[N UP BY ! B>RICADES HAVE DEVELOP$1 9CORPORAT+ AS IT DID ! FRI5DS & FOES ( ! REVOLUTION ALIKE8 ,! ANTIFASCI/ COMMITTEE1 ) ?AT MAKE-UP1 WAS SC>CELY ! EMBODIM5T ( ! FI .<444.> WE ADVOCATE ?AT ! ONLY P>TICIPANTS 9 ! REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA %\LD BE ! WORK]S ( CITY & C\NTRYSIDE & ! COMBATANTS :O HAVE %[N !MSELVES1 AT EV]Y CRUCIAL JUNCTURE 9 ! CONFLICT1 TO BE ! *AMPIONS ( SOCIAL REVOLUTION4 .<444.> ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P' :I* KNEW 5\< TO WORK \T A PRECISE CRITIQUE ( ! ,MAY EV5TS IS EV5 N[ S5SIBLE ( ! NE$ TO E/ABLI% A REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA1 ALONG ! L9ES WE HAVE 9 M9D1 & WE REG>D IT AS 9DISP5SABLE = ! DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION .<444.> ,! EVOLUTION ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S POLITICAL ?9K+ WAS BY N[ UN/OPPABLE4 ,AFT] ! NECESSITY ( A DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT HAD BE5 ACKN[L$G$1 ! NEXT ISSUE TO >ISE WAS3 ,& :O IS TO EX]CISE ?AT DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT8 ,! ANSW] WAS3 ! REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA1 PROMPTLY DEF9$ AS ! VANGU>D ( REVOLUTION>IES4 ,& ITS ROLE8 ,WE CANNOT BELIEVE ?AT IT CAN BE ANY?+ O!R ?AN ! ONE :I* M>XI/S ASCRIBE TO ! REVOLUTION>Y P>TY4 ,H[EV]1 9 ,NO4 #b ( ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A1 ,MUNIS WAS CRITICAL ( ISSUE ,NO #f ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO BECAUSE HE REG>D$ ITS CONT5TS AS A RETREAT FROM ! SAME =MULAS DEVIS$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P DUR+1 & 9 ! IMM$IATE AFT]MA? ( ! ,MAY EV5TS4 ,ISSUE ,NO4 #f ALSO C>RI$ A REPORT ON ! TRIAL M\NT$ AGA9/ ! ,P,\,M & ON ! MURD] ( ,N91 = :I* ! GOV]NM5T 9 PLACE WAS HELD TO BE ACC\NTABLE3 9 ADDITION TO ! CU/OM>Y >TICLE ON ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 !RE W]E SOME O!RS ( LESS] 9T]E/4 ,ON ! BACK PAGE !RE WAS A PR9T]'S /AMP READ+ 0,IMP4 ,LIB]T>IA-,P]PIGNAN40 ,!RE IS EV]Y LIKELIHOOD ?AT ?IS WAS A FALSE TRAIL LAID = ! POLICE1 = ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO WAS /ILL BE+ PR9T$ 9 ,B>CELONA4.<#a#i.> ,ISSUE ,NO4 #g ( ! NEWSPAP] WAS DATEL9$ ,B>CELONA1 ,SEPTEMB] #c#a1.<#a#a.> & !RE W]E SEV]AL >TICLES :I* /OOD \T3 ON ! REPRESSION UNLEA%$ 9 ,>AGON BY ! ,/AL9I/S 9 ! WAKE ( ! DISSOLUTION ( ! ,C\NCIL ( ,>AGON & ! BREAKUP ( ! AN>*I/ COLLECTIVES3 REBUTT+ ! FALSE ALLEGATIONS AB\T ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI P$DL$ BY ,AGU/9 ,S\*Y 9 AN ANONYM\S PAMPHLET PUBLI%$ BY ,$ICIONES ,EBRO3 OPPOS+ ! RE-9TRODUCTION ( FRE$OM ( RELIGION3 PROTE/+ AT ! UNREASONABLE 9CREASE 9 BASIC LIV+ CO/S1 ETC4 ,!RE WAS ALSO AN \T/&+ NOTE ( HUMOR1 V]Y 9DICATIVE ( ! TIMES1 :I* W5T AS FOLL[S3 ,WE MOVE ! IMM$IATE EXPULSION FROM \R ,ORGANIZATION ( P]SONS BY ! NAME ( ,MIKHAIL ,BAKUN91 ,PET] ,KROPOTK91 ,SEBA/I5 ,FAURE1 ,]RICO ,MALATE/A & ,RIC>DO ,MELLA4 ,BY WAY ( COMP5SAT+ = !SE EXPULSIONS1 WE MOVE ?AT A TRIBUTE BE PAID TO ! '9T]V5TIONI/S1' ON ACC\NT ( !IR HAV+ SUCCESSFULLY DEFEAT$ ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y P]IL4 ,\R 'OR?ODOXY R5D]S US 9COMPATIBLE ) ?OSE :O FURNI% IDEOLOGICAL & MAT]IAL SU/5ANCE TO 'UNCONTROLLABLES1' :ILE IT ALSO FILLS US ) ADMIRATION = ! GLORI\S '9FALLIBILITY' ( ! GREAT 9T]PRET]S ( 'CIRCUM/ANCE4' ,! $ITORIAL ANALYZ$ ! IMPORT ( ! ,MAY EV5TS1 :I* ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI HELD TO BE AN 9SURRECTION 9T5D$ TO REM$Y ! MI/AKES MADE S9CE ,JULY4 ,IT RAIL$ AGA9/ ! F5CE SITT+ BY C]TA9 PROM95T AN>*I/ MILITANTS :OSE RESI/ANCE ( 0TOTALIT>IAN TEMPTATIONS0 AM\NT$ TO NO?+ MORE ?AN AN ABDICATION ( ! 9TRODUCTION ( LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM4 ,REPEAT$LY1 IT WAS >GU$ ?AT AN>*I/S HAD TO LE>N ! LESSONS ( EXP]I5CE3 ,TOTALIT>IAN SOLUTIONS HAVE BE5 %UNN$4 ,AN (FICIAL SEAL HAS BE5 SET UPON ! DECISION TO REFRA9 FROM E/ABLI%+ LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM6 ,! L9E :I* AN>*ISM IS TO TAKE -- ACCORD+ TO ! DECL>ATIONS FROM COMRADES 9 POSITIONS ( RESPONSIBILITY -- IS ?AT NO ANTIFASCI/ D5OM9ATION %\LD SEEK SELFI% ADVANTAGE .<444.> ,NEI!R DICTATOR%IPS NOR DEMOCRACIES6 IT IS >GU$4 ,:]E >E WE HEAD$8 ,)\T A PROGRAM ( \R [N1 WE >E 9 DANG] ( REMA9+ AN APP5DAGE ( B\RGEOIS DEMOCRACY & RISK BECOM+ ! VICTIMS ( ANY SECTOR ?AT OP]ATES ) AUDACITY4 .<444.> ,\R PRES5T H\R %\LD BE READ EXCLUSIVELY 9 ! LI ,EXP]I5CE IS A V]Y H>D TASKMA/] & FROM IT WE MU/ D$UCE ?AT WE HAVE TO ASS]T \RSELVES ) ! =CE ( FIREP[] & ?AT WE MU/ ANNIHILATE ?OSE =CES :I* >E 5EMIES ( ! WORK+ CLASS & ! REVOLUTION4 ,LET US BE> 9 M9D ! LESSONS ( EXP]I5CE4 ,!RE9 LIES \R SALVATION4 ,!RE WAS NO PLEA = A DEUS EX MA*9A3 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E AN>*I/S :O HAD LE>N$ ! LESSONS ( ! H>%E/ FIR/H& EXP]I5CE4 ,:AT NOVELTIES !Y 9TRODUC$ TO AN>*I/ !ORY MAY WELL HAVE BE5 OLD M>XI/ PO/ULATES1 !MSELVES M]ELY ELEM5T>Y LESSONS FROM ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,BUT ANYONE :O B&IES AB\T LABELS & REG>DS ?AT AS HAV+ SETTL$ ! MATT] IS ILL-ADVIS$4 ,IF ! FIR/H& EXP]I5CE ( ! PROLET>IAT 9 ! CLASS /RUGGLE IS NOT 5\< TO REM$Y ]RORS & IF HI/ORY HAS NO?+ TO TEA* US FROM PA/ /RUGGLES1 WE >E LEFT ) AN AFFIRMATION ( ! PRIMACY ( DOGMA & BELIEF & A D5IAL ?AT !RE IS ANY VALIDITY 9 EXP]I5CE & HI/ORY4 ,! $ITORIAL 9 ISSUE ,NO4 #h ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 DATEL9$ ,B>CELONA ,SEPTEMB] #b#a1 #a#i#c#g1 LABOR$ ! NE$ = A PROGRAM IF ! REVOLUTION WAS TO HAVE ANY PROSPECT ( SUCCESS4 ,AS ) !,IDEASSET \T PREVI\SLY1 IT HAD NO?+ NEW TO CONTRIBUTE4 ,! REMA9D] ( ! >TICLES1 :I* W]E FAIRLY 9T]E/+1 DEALT ) A V>IETY ( TOPICS3 FOOD SUPPLIES1 OPPOSITION TO NATIONALI/ COMMEMORATION ( ! FEA/ ( ,SEPTEMB] #a#a1 ! ,>AGON FRONT1 ,ANGEL ,PE/ANA'S RETURN TO ! ,C,N,T FOLD4 ,9 ISSUE ,NO4 #i1 DAT$ ,OCTOB] #b1 #aicg C>RI$ AN 9T]E/+ MANIFE/O1 REHE>S+ ! HI/ORY ( !IR ORIG9S & REVOLUTION>Y ACTION1 AS WELL AS A PROGRAMMATIC 9V5TORY ( ! ,GR\P'S POLITICAL /&PO9TS2 ?IS PROV$ V]Y CONTROV]SIAL & WAS MU* COMM5T$ UPON1 SO MU* SO ?AT ISSUE ,NO4 #a1 DAT$ ,NOVEMB] #h1 #a#i#c#g1 C>RI$ AN $ITORIAL DEF5D+ IT4 ,! SAME $ITION GREET$ ! APPE>ANCE ( ,AL]TA1 DESCRIB$ AS AN IDEOLOGICALLY K9DR$ NEWSPAP]4 ,!RE WAS UNMI/AKABLE V5OM T[>DS ,COMOR]A1 :O WAS SAVAGELY CRITICIZ$ = HIS POLICY AS ! MAN 9 *>GE ( SUPPLIES1 & = HAV+ DISMISS$ ! FIELY FIFTE5 OR TW5TY DAYS0.<#a#a#a.>3 HE WAS CONVICT$ AS ! $ITOR ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO :I* WAS CONDEMN$ AS A CL&E/9E NEWSPAP] 9 ?AT IT HAD REFUS$ TO PRES5T ITSELF = C5SOR%IP S9CE ISSUE ,NO4 #b4 ,! MO/ 9T]E/+ >TICLES W]E 5TITL$ 0,WE MU/ SPEAK PLA9LY0 & 0,AN HI/ORIC JUNCTURE40 ,9 HUMOR\S TONES1 IT REBUTT$ ! USUAL *>GES HURL$ BY ! ,C,N,T AT MEMB]S ( ! ,GR\P :O W]E LABEL$ AS 0UNCONTROLLABLES1 PROVOCATEURS & C\NT]REVOLUTION>IES40 ,AFT] DEF5D+ ! ,GR\P'S MEMB]S & REHE>S+ !IR REVOLUTION>Y & COMBAT CR$5TIALS1 ! >TICLE V]Y TELL+LY DECL9$ TO LEVEL ANY *>GES AGA9/ ! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,A,I1 ON ! GR\NDS ?AT 0?AT W\LD POISON ! WAT]S ( ! SPR+ FROM :I* WE ALL MU/ DR9K40 ,PLA9 9 ?IS >TICLE IS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S TREM5D\SLY LIMIT$ VISION ( !IR [N FIP+ AB\T ! 0WAYW>D0 LEAD]S ( ! ,C,N,T & C\NT$ !IR AVOIDANCE ( EXPULSION FROM ! UNIONS AS !IR ULTIMATE A*IEVEM5T4 ,!IR VIEW WAS ?AT1 SOON] OR LAT]1 ! TWO DIV]G5T /R&S ( AN>*O-SYNDICALISM W\LD HAVE TO COME TOGE!R1 =1 O!RWISE1 !Y C\LD NOT AVOID BE+ CRU%$ BY ,/AL9I/ DICTATOR%IP4 ,IT WAS PLA9 FROM ?IS >TICLE ?AT ! ,GR\P WAS DRIFT+ FUR!R & FUR!R FROM ! RADICALIZ$ /ANCES IT HAD /RUCK 9 ,MAY4 ,! SECOND >TICLE DES]V+ ( COMM5T1 0,AN HI/ORIC JUNCTURE10 ANALYZ$ ! UNFAVORABLE C\RSE ( ! W>1 AS SIGNAL$ BY ! FASCI/S' UN9T]RUPT$ VICTORI\S ADVANCE & !IR =EIGN BACK+4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI WOND]$ :Y :OLE PROV9CES LIKE ,MALAGA OR ! ,NOR? HAD BE5 SURR5D]$ )\T !IR /ORES1 9DU/RIES OR FOOD/UFFS -- :I* PROVID$ BOOTY = ! 5EMY -- HAV+ BE5 DE/ROY$4 ,! ,GR\P NOT$ ?AT ! W> ON ! ,>AGON FRONT HAD BE5 LO/ BECAUSE ( ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T'S )HOLD+ ( >MS1 BECAUSE ?OSE >MS W\LD HAVE GONE TO ! ,C,N,T4 ,! W> EF=T WAS BESET BY TREA*]Y1 BECAUSE ! (FIC] CLASS HAD NOT BE5 PURG$1 & BECAUSE !RE WAS NO FIGU>D1 & BECAUSE B\RGEOIS POLITICIANS HAD NO ?\1 & ?IS CALL BOIL$ D[N TO ! FOLL[+ T5 PO9TS3 ,E/ABLI%M5T ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA4 ,ALL ECONOMIC P[] TO ! UNIONS4 ,SOCIALIZATION ( PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION4 ,9TRODUCTION ( ! PRODUC]'S C>T4 ,MOBILIZATION ( ! 5TIRE POPULATION4 ,PURG+ ( ! RE>GU>D4 ,WORK]S' CONTROL ( ! >MY4 ,! FAMILY WAGE4 ,ABOLITION ( ALL PRIVILEGES4 ,FREE MUNICIPALITY4 ,PUBLIC ORD] TO BE PLAC$ 9 WORK]S' H&S4 ,RATION+ ( CONSUMPTION ACROSS ! BO>D4 ,?IS1 ?\<1 WAS M]ELY A LI/ ( DEM&S4 ,!RE WAS NO H9T AS TO H[ !Y MI1 A PROGRAM BEYOND ! ,GR\P'S ACTUAL P[]S TO IMPLEM5T1 ONE :I* IT 9 ANY CASE WAS NOT PROPOS+ S]I\SLY1 BUT ONLY AS A PROPAG&A OR LOBBY+ PLOY4 ,BUT DIRECTION ( ! W>1 OR CONTROL ( ! >MY1 OR SOCIALIZATION ( ! ECONOMY1 OR CONTROL ( PUBLIC ORD] C\LD SC>CELY BE M]E DEM&S3 BECAUSE P[] IS NOT SU$ =1 BUT SEIZ$4 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 WE MAY CLAIM ?AT ! ,GR\P WAS1 AT ?IS PO9T1 F> REMOV$ FROM PLAY+ ANY REAL P>T4 ,IT SEEM$ TO HAVE RUN \T ( /EAM3 & WAS BECOM+ A M]E %AD[ ( ITS =M] SELF4 ,! PROGRAM1 ! DEM&S1 :I* MAY HAVE BE5 VALID PRIOR TO ,MAY1 W]E N[ A SAD C>ICATURE & TE/IFI$ TO ! ,GR\P'S UTT] P[]LESSNESS 9 A SITUATION :I* HAD BECOME ?OR\Y4 ,ISSUE ,NO4 #aa ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO WAS DAT$ ,NOVEMB] #b1 #a#i#c#g1 ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ,DURRUTI'S DEA? & WAS ALMO/ 5TIRELY GIV5 OV] TO COMMEMORAT+ ?AT POPUL> AN>*I/ H]O4 ,AMONG ! >TICLES COMM5T+ ) MORE OR LESS SUCCESS UPON ! P]SON ( ,DURRUTI1 ! MO/ \T/&+ WAS UND\BT$LY ! ONE 5TITL$ 0,COMM5T+ ON ,DURRUTI10 9 :I* ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A WAS TAK5 TO TASK OV] ,DURRUTI'S IDEOLOGY & 9T5TIONS4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! AU?OR ( ! PIECE1 ,SOLI WAS >GU+ ?AT ,DURRUTI HAD BE5 READY TO ABJURE EV]Y REVOLUTION>Y PR9CIPLE = ! SAKE ( SUCCESS 9 ! W>4 ,! WRIT] 9 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO SAW ?IS CONT5TION AS WRONG-HEAD$ & ! WOR/ POSSIBLE 9SULT ?AT C\LD HAVE BE5 (F]$ TO ,DURRUTI'S MEMORY4 ,! V]SION ( ,DURRUTI'S IDEOLOGY.<#a#a#b.> (F]$ BY ! ,GR\P WAS ! V]Y OPPOSITE ( ! ONE PR(F]$ BY ,SOLI 3 ,DURRUTI AT NO TIME ABJUR$ ! REVOLUTION4 ,:ILE HE DID SAY ?AT WE HAD TO ABJURE EV]Y?+ SAVE VICTORY1 :AT HE MEANT WAS ?AT WE HAD TO BE READY TO FACE ! GREATE/ PRIVATION1 & TO LOSE \R V]Y LIVES1 RA!R ?AN LET FASCISM DEFEAT US4 ,BUT 9 ,DURRUTI'S M\?1 ! NOTION ( VICTORY DOES NOT IMPLY ! SLI & ! REVOLUTION4 .<444.> ,WE DO NOT BELIEVE -- & ( ?IS WE >E C]TA9 -- ?AT ,DURRUTI WAS >GU+ ?AT ! CLASS :I* HAD WON EV]Y?+ AT ! CO/ ( ! GREATE/ SACRIFICES %\LD BE ! ONE TO GIVE GR\ND CON/ANTLY & COMPROMISE TO ! ADVANTAGE ( ! ADV]S>Y CLASS4 .<444.> ,DURRUTI WAS KE5 TO W9 ! W>1 BUT HE HAD HIS SIGU>D4 .<444.> ,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI NEV] =SWORE ! REVOLUTION4 ,NOR DO WE1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 =SWE> IT4 ,NO4 #ab ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 DAT$ ,FEBRU>Y #a1 #a#i#c#h1 C>RI$ A PROM95T $ITORIAL3 0,ALL P[] TO ! UNIONS10 EXP\ND+ UPON ?AT P>TICUL> PO9T 9 ! ,GR\P'S PROGRAM4 ,!RE W]E V>I\S ITEMS ON ! BATTLE = ,T]UEL1 URBAN TRANSPORT & ,MONTJUIC PRISON1 SPECULATION 9 ! FOOD SECTOR & ! CORRUPTION OBTA9+ ON ! BORD]S4 ,NO4 #ab WAS PROBABLY ! LA/ ISSUE ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO 4 ,H[EV]1 ,JORDI ,>QU]1 9 HIS %ORT HI/ORY ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI >GUES ?AT A TOTAL ( #ae ISSUES SAW PUBLICATION2 & ,BALIUS1 9 HIS LETT] ( ,JUNE #a1 #aidf TO ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT51 SAYS ?AT IT PUBLI%$ RIDS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION ?AT ! ,GR\P'S F9AL GA!R+ TOOK PLACE AFT] PUBLICATION ( ?AT PAMPHLET4 ,GIV5 ?AT ,NO4 #ab ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO M5TIONS ! REC5T PUBLICATION ( ,T[>DS 444 WE MAY CONCLUDE ?AT FOLL[+ PUBLICATION ( ! PAMPHLET 9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#h1 & ( ,NO4 #ab ( ! ,GR\P'S PRESS M\?PIECE ON ,FEBRU>Y #a1 #a#i#c#h1 ! ,GR\P HELD ITS F9AL MEET+ & TO ALL 9T5TS C>RI$ \T NO FUR!R ACTIVITY = ! REMA9D] ( ! W>4 ,?IS SUPPOSITION IS 9 ANY CASE BORNE \T BY ! SW+E+LY EFFECTIVE REPRESSION ?AT MADE LIFE IMPOSSIBLE = ANY REVOLUTION>Y GR\P4 ,9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#h1 ,FOSCO FL$ TO ,FRANCE TO ESCAPE >RE/4 ,FEBRU>Y #a#c1 #ai* SAW ! CAPTURE ( ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION BY POLICE1 ALONG ) ! >RE/ ( ! PR9T] ,BALDOM]O ,PALAU1 FROM :OSE PR9T%OP ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A & ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO WAS PUBLI%$4 ,ON ,APRIL #ai ! UND]GR\ND COMMITTEE ( ,P,\,M 7,JOSE ,ROVIRA1 ,JORDI ,>QU]1 ,OLTRA ,PICO1 ,JOSE ,RODES1 ,M>IA ,T]ESA ,G>CIA ,BANUS1 ,JUAN ,F>RE ,GASSO1 ,WILEBALDO ,SOLANO1 ETC47 WAS >RE/$4 ,LAT]1 9 ! #a#i#fS1 A SECOND S]IES ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO WAS PUBLI%$1 APP>5TLY FUND$ BY AN 9H]ITANCE :I* HAD COME ,BALIUS'S WAY4 ,?IS SECOND S]IES1 F\R ISSUES ( :I* WE HAVE EXAM9$1 CONTA9S NO?+ ( 9T]E/4 ,BALIUS'S NAME APPE>S NO:]E & ,PABLO ,RUIZ IS LI/$ AS ! $ITOR-9-*IEF4 ,! MO/ REM>KABLE FEATURE ( IT WAS ?AT EV]Y $ITION CONTA9$ A PO/] = MEMB]S 9 ! 9T]IOR1 9SIDE ,SPA9 ITSELF1 TO PA/E UP ON WALLS BY WAY ( CL&E/9E PROPAG&A4 "9"9 O ,*APT] #h 3 ,BALIUS' ,PAMPHLET3 ,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION #h4 ,BALIUS' ,PAMPHLET3 ,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION ,! PAMPHLET ,HACIA UNA NUEVA REVOLUCION1 ( :I* FIFTY ?\S& COPIES W]E PR9T$1.<#a#a#c.> EV5 ?\< IT WAS PUBLI%$ CL&E/9ELY1 FLE%$ \T A PROGRAM :I* HAD UNTIL !N BE5 RA!R VAGUE4 ,BALIUS SET TO WORK ON ! DRAFT+ ( IT SOMETIME >\ND ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#g1.<#a#a#d.> & IT WAS PUBLI%$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P 9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#h4.<#a#a#e.> ,)\T D\BT1 IT IS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S MO/ EXT5SIVE TEXT & = ?IS REASON DES]VES A SEP>ATE COMM5T4 ,! PAMPHLET'S MO/ SIGNIFICANT !ORETICAL CONTRIBUTIONS HAD BE5 SET \T BE=E 9 $ITORIALS 9 ISSUES ,NOS4 #e1 #f1 & #g ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 :I* IS TO SAY1 BETWE5 ,JULY #b & ,AUGU/ #c#a1 #a#i#c#g4 ,SO1 ! PAMPHLET HAS NO GREAT !ORETICAL NOVELTIES TO (F]4 ,! GREAT NOVELTY ( IT RESIDES 9 ANY CASE 9 ! ADOPTION BY AN AN>*I/S GR\P ( CONCEPTS :I* M>XISM HAD SY/EMIZ$ AS ! MO/ ELEM5T>Y IDIOM ( ! REVOLUTION>Y !ORY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,ON ?AT SCORE ! VOCABUL>Y US$ BY ,BALIUS DIFF]S FROM ?AT US$ BY ! M>XI/ CLASSICS4 ,BUT AS WE %ALL SEE1 IT IS NOT TOO H>D TO RECOGNIZE A FAMILI> IDEA EV5 :5 IT IS CALL$ BY DIFF]5T NAMES4 ,! PAMPHLET COMPRIS$ #ca PAGES1.<#a#a#f.> DIVID$ 9TO EIY UPRIS+ 9 ,JULY #aicf W]E EXAM9$4 ,A NUMB] ( CLAIMS /& \T1 BE+ />TL+1 ?\< NONE ! LESS TRUE = ?AT3 ,! PEOPLE HAD TO GO & LOOK = WEAPONS4 ,!Y TOOK !M BY RI*+ ANALAYSIS ( ! REVOLUTION ( ,JULY #a#i1 #aicf IS WOR? HIIAT8 ,:AT HAPP5$ WAS :AT HAD TO HAPP54 ,! ,C,N,T WAS UTT]LY DEVOID ( REVOLUTION>Y !ORY4 ,WE DID NOT HAVE A CONCRETE PROGRAM4 ,WE HAD NO IDEA :]E WE W]E GO+4 ,WE HAD LYRICISM APL5TY3 BUT :5 ALL IS SAID & DONE1 WE DID NOT KN[ :AT TO DO ) \R MASSES ( WORK]S OR H[ TO GIVE SUB/ANCE TO ! POPUL> EFFUSION :I* ]UPT$ 9SIDE \R ORGANIZATIONS4 ,BY NOT KN[+ :AT TO DO1 WE H&$ ! REVOLUTION ON A PLATT] TO ! B\RGEOISIE & ! M>XI/S :O SUPPORT ! F>CE ( YE/]YE>4 ,:AT IS WORSE1 WE ALL[$ ! B\RGEOISIE A BREA?+ SPACE3 TO RETURN1 TO RE-=M & TO BEHAVE AS W\LD A CONQU]OR4 ,! ,C,N,T DID NOT KN[ H[ TO LIVE UP TO ITS ROLE4 ,IT DID NOT WANT TO PU% AHEAD ) ! REVOLUTION ) ALL ( ITS CONSEQU5CES4 ,SO1 ACCORD+ TO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 ! ,JULY REVOLUTION FAIL$ BECAUSE ! ,C,N,T LACK$ A REVOLUTION>Y !ORY & A REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM4 ,FROM AN>*I/ QU>T]S1 LOTS ( REASONS HAVE BE5 ADVANC$ = ?IS & SEV]AL DIFF]5T EXPLANATIONS (F]$ ( ! *>ACT] ( ! ,JULY REVOLUTION3 SOME ( !SE >GUM5TS >E PRETTY ATTRACTIVE1 BUT NEI!R ,V]NON ,RI*>DS1 ,SEMPRUN ,MAURA1 ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN1 ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 NOR ,B]N]I W]E AS PLA9 & CLE>-CUT1 NOR DID !Y PROBE ! NATURE ( ! ,JULY REVOLUTION AS DEEPLY AS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI DID 9 ! EXTRACT JU/ CIT$4 ,NEV]!LESS1 ?IS IS ONLY A SAMPL]1 BECAUSE ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 :O W]E NOT BRILLIANT !ORI/S NOR GIFT$ ORGANIZ]S1 BUT ESS5TIALLY B>RICADE FIGU$ !IR !ORETICAL CASE FROM DELIB]ATION UPON FIR/ H& EXP]I5CES1 ) NO MORE ?AN !IR CLASS 9/9CT TO GUIDE !M1 >RIV$1 9 ! TEXT :I* WE %ALL BE+ LOOK+ AT ANON1 AT ONE ( ! F9E/ CONTEMPOR>Y ANALYZES ( ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION4 ,AN ANALYSIS ?AT DES]VES TO BE CONSID]$1 & :I* WE \*I/ OR M>XI/1 BECAUSE IT IS AN ANALYSIS FROM M5 :O DID NOT DICE ) WORDS BUT ) LIVES & PRIM>ILY ) !IR V]Y [N LIVES3 ,:5 AN ORGANIZATION'S :OLE EXI/5CE HAS BE5 SP5T PREA*+ REVOLUTION1 IT HAS AN OBLIGATION TO ACT :5EV] A FAVORABLE SET ( CIRCUM/ANCES >ISES4 ,& 9 ,JULY ! OCCASION DID PRES5T ITSELF4 ,! ,C,N,T \*AIC4 ,9 ?IS WAY1 WE W\LD HAVE WON ! W> & SAV$ ! REVOLUTION4 ,BUT IT DID ! OPPOSITE4 ,IT COLLABORAT$ ) ! B\RGEOISIE 9 ! AFFAIRS ( ! /ATE1 PRECISELY :5 ! ,/ATE WAS CRUMBL+ AWAY ON ALL SIDES4 ,IT BOL/]$ UP ,COMPANYS & COMPANY4 ,IT BREA!D A LUNGFUL ( OXYG5 9TO AN ANEMIC1 T]ROR-/RICK5 B\RGEOISIE4 ,ONE ( ! MO/ DIRECT REASONS :Y ! REVOLUTION HAS BE5 ASPHYXIAT$ & ! ,C,N,T DISPLAC$1 IS ?AT IT BEHAV$ LIKE A M9ORITY GR\P1 EV5 ?\< IT HAD A MAJORITY 9 ! /REETS4 .<444.> ,ON ! O!R H&1 WE W\LD ASS]T ?AT REVOLUTIONS >E TOTALIT>IAN1 NO MATT] :O SAYS O!RWISE4 ,:AT HAPP5S IS ?AT ! V>I\S ASPECTS ( REVOLUTION >E PROGRESSIVELY DEALT )1 BUT ) ! PROVISO ?AT ! CLASS :I* REPRES5TS ! NEW ORD] ( ?+S IS ! ONE ) ! MO/ RESPONSIBILITY4 ,& :5 ?+S >E DONE BY HALVES1 WE HAVE :AT PRES5TLY CONC]NS US1 ! DISA/] ( ,JULY4 ,9 ,JULY A COMMITTEE ( ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS WAS SET UP4 ,IT WAS NOT A CLASS ORGAN4 ,B\RGEOIS & C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y FACTIONS HAD !IR REPRES5TATIVES ON IT4 ,IT LOOK$ AS IF ?IS ,COMMITTEE HAD BE5 SET UP AS A C\NT]BALANCE TO ! ,G5]ALIDAD4 ,BUT IT WAS ALL A %AM4 ,FIR/ ( ALL1 WE \TICLES HE WROTE AFT] ! ,MAY EV5TS4 ,& ( C\RSE ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E UNAW>E ( ?AT >TICLE4 ,TO ! TRUISM ?AT A REVOLUTION>Y ORGANIZATION'S SOLE OBLIGATION IS TO MAKE REVOLUTION WAS ADD$ A CRITIQUE ( ! ,C,N,T'S COOP]ATION 9 ! RESCUE & RECON/RUCTION ( ! ,/ATE4 ,?US F>1 ! >GUM5TS ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E OR?ODOXLY AN>*I/4 ,BUT AS A DIRECT RESULT ( !SE >GUM5TS1 OR P]HAPS IT W\LD BE BETT] TO SAY1 AS A RESULT ( ! CONTRADICTIONS )9 ! ,C,N,T :I* WAS EMBROIL$ 9 SU* AN UNLIKELY AN>*I/ 5DEAVOR AS RESCU+ & REBUILD+ A CRUMBL+ CAPITALI/ ,/ATE1 WE COME TO A REM>KABLE !ORETICAL ADVANCE BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI3 REVOLUTIONS >E TOTALIT>IAN4 ,IF SU* A SELF-EVID5T TRU? WAS AT ODDS ) ! LIB]T>IAN M5TALITY1 !N IT HAS TO BE SAID ?AT AN AN>*I/ REVOLUTION IS A CONTRADICTION DEFY+ RESOLUTION4 ,SOME?+ ( ! SORT WAS EXP]I5C$ BY ! AN>*I/S ( ,SPA9 9 #a#i#c#f4 ,9 ITS NEXT SECTION1 ,BALIUS'S PAMPHLET DEALT ) ! REVOLUTION>Y UPRIS+ 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S REASON+ WAS AS PLA9 & RADICAL AS C\LD BE3 ! ROOTS ( ! ,MAY EV5TS W5T BACK TO ,JULY BECAUSE ( ! FAILURE TO MAKE ! REVOLUTION 9 ,JULY4 ,SOCIAL REVOLUTION C\LD HAVE BE5 A FACT 9 ,CATALONIA4 .<444.> ,BUT ! EV5TS TOOK A DIFF]5T TURN4 ,! REVOLUTION WAS NOT MADE 9 ,CATALONIA4 ,REALIZ+ ?AT ONCE AGA9 ! PROLET>IAT WAS SADDL$ ) A LEAD]%IP ( QUIBBL]S1 ! PETIT B\RGEOISIE1 :I* HAD GONE 9TO HID+ 9 ITS BACK-ROOMS 9 ,JULY1 HA/5$ TO JO9 ! BATTLE4 ,!IR ANALYSIS ( ,/AL9ISM & ( ! CRUCIAL ROLE IT PLAY$ AS A SPR+BO>D = C\NT]REVOLUTION WAS NOT ONLY P]CEPTIVE BUT PROB$ FUR!R 9TO A PR(ILE ( ! SOCIAL /RATA :I* HAD AF=D$ IT SUPPORT4 ,IT \XI/0 ?\< !SE C>RI$ ! MEAN+ ) :I* WE TODAY 9VE/ ! T]M 0,/AL9ISM0 FROM ALL HI/ORICAL & IDEOLOGICAL ANGLES3 ,9 ,CATALONIA1 SOCIALISM HAS BE5 A PITIFUL CREATURE4 ,ITS RANKS HAVE BE5 SWOLL5 BY MEMB]S OPPOS$ TO REVOLUTION4 ,!Y HAVE CAPTA9$ ! C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,IT HAS SPAWN$ A ,U,G,T :I* HAS BE5 TURN$ 9TO AN APP5DAGE ( ! ,G,E,P,C,I4 ,M>XI/ LEAD]S HAVE SUNG ! PRAISES ( C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,!Y HAVE SCULPT$ SLOGANS AB\T ! ISSUE ( A UNIT$ FRONT :ILE FIR/ ELIM9AT+ ! ,P,\,M1.<#a#a#h.> !N TRY+ TO REPEAT ! EX]CISE ) ! ,C,N,T4 ,! MANEUV]S ( ! PETIT B\RGEOISIE1 9 ALLIANCE ) ! SOCIALI/S & COMMUNI/S1 CULM9AT$ 9 ! EV5TS ( ,MAY4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 ! ,MAY EV5TS REPRES5T$ A DELIB]ATE PROVOCATION DESIGN$ TO CREATE A CLIMATE ( 9DECISION PREP>ATORY TO DEAL+ ! WORK+ CLASS A DECISIVE BL[1 9 ORD] TO PUT PAID ONCE & = ALL TO A POT5TIALLY REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION3 ,! C\NT]REVOLUTION WANT$ ! WORK+ CLASS ON ! /REETS 9 A DISORGANIZ$ MANN] SO ?AT !Y MITIALLY ATTA9$ !IR OBJECTIVES3 ?ANKS TO ! /UPIDITY ( SOME LEAD]S :O GAVE ! CEASE-FIRE ORD] & DUBB$ ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' AG5TS PROVOCATEURS JU/ :5 ! /REETS HAD BE5 WON & ! 5EMY ELIM9AT$40 ,! ACCUSATION LEVEL$ AGA9/ ! AN>*I/ LEAD]S 7& AL?\< NO NAMES >E GIV51 WE CANNOT HELP ?9K+ ( ,G>CIA ,OLIV] & ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y7 IS NOT 9T5D$ AS AN 9SULT BUT IS A FAIR ASSESSM5T ( !IR P]=MANCE DUR+ ! ,MAY DAYS4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S BELIEF WAS ?AT ! C\NT]REVOLUTION HAD A*IEV$ ITS *IEF AIM -- ,VAL5CIA GOV]NM5T CONTROL ( PUBLIC ORD]4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S DESCRIPTION & ASSESSM5T ( ! WORK]S' BACKLA% AGA9/ ! ,/AL9I/ PROVOCATION1 ?AT IS1 ! ,MAY EV5T1 IS EXTREMELY 9T]E/+3 A7 ,IT WAS A SPONTANE\S BACKLA%4 B7 ,!RE WAS NO REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP4 C7 ,)9 A FEW H\RS1 ! WORK]S HAD SCOR$ A RES\ND+ MILIT>Y VICTORY4 ,ONLY A FEW BUILD+S 9 ! CITY C5T] W]E HOLD+ \T & !SE C\LD HAVE BE5 TAK5 ) EASE4 D7 ,! ,UPRIS+ HAD BE5 DEFEAT$1 NOT MILIT>ILY1 BUT POLITICALLY4 ,AT ! 5D ( A FEW H\RS1 ! TIDE HAD TURN$ 9 ! FAVOR ( ! PROLET>IANS 5ROLL$ 9 ! ,C,N,T :O1 AS !Y HELD 9 ,JULY1 DEF5D$ !IR RI? ?AT C\LD HAVE WRE/$ !M FROM US4 ,WORK+ CLASS >EAS FELL TO US QUICKLY4 ,!N ! 5EMY'S T]RITORY WAS EAT5 AWAY1 LITTLE BY LITTLE1 TO A R$\BT 9 A SECTION ( ! RESID5TIAL DI/RICT -- ! CITY C5T] :I* W\LD HAVE FALL5 SOON1 BUT = ! DEFECTION ( ! ,C,N,T COMMITTEES4 ,NEXT1 ,BALIUS JU/IFI$ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S ACTIONS DUR+ ! BLOODY WEEK ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g3 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 9 A CONTEXT ( 9DECISION & WIDESPREAD DISORI5TATION 9 ! WORK]S' RANKS1 ISSU$ A LEAFLET & A MANIFE/O1 9 ! 9T5TION ( AF=D+ EV5TS A REVOLUTION>Y LEAD & PURPOSE4 ,LAT] ! ,GR\P'S PRIM>Y CONC]N 9 ! FACE ( ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP'S 9CR$IBLE POLICY ( APPEASEM5T & FRAT]NIZATION WAS ?AT ! B>RICADES %\LD NOT COME D[N UNCONDITIONALLY OR )\T ASSURANCES4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS1 9 ,MAY !RE HAD /ILL BE5 TIME TO SALVAGE ! REVOLUTION1.<#a#a#i.> & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI HAD BE5 ALONE 9 %[+ !MSELVES EQUAL TO ! CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S BL9K]$ ATTITUDE TO ! REPRESSION ?AT W\LD NE$LESSLY BATT5 UPON ! REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S HAD ALREADY BE5 =ETOLD BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,! NEXT *APT] 9 ! PAMPHLET TACKLES ! SUBJECT ( ,SPA9'S 9DEP5D5CE4 ,! 5TIRE *APT] IS REPLETE ) WRONG-HEAD$ NOTIONS :I* >E %ORT-SID-LOOK+ IDEAS ) REG>D TO NATIONALISM4.<#a#b.> ,! *APT] GIV5 OV] TO COLLABORATIONISM & CLASS /RUGGLE IS1 BY CONTRA/1 GREATLY 9T]E/+4 ,COLLABORATION 9 ! GOV]NM5T BUS9ESS ( ! B\RGEOIS ,/ATE WAS ! BIG ACCUSATION :I* ! ,GR\P LEVEL$ AT ! ,C,N,T4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S CRITICISM WAS EV5 MORE RADICAL ?AN ?AT ( ,B]N]I1 BECAUSE ,B]N]I WAS CRITICAL ( ,C,N,T P>TICIPATION 9 ! ,GOV]NM5T1 :]EAS ! ,GR\P WAS CRITICAL ( ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATION ) ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE4 ,IT WAS NOT JU/ A MATT] ( TWO SLI ,& ! ,/ATE CANNOT BE RETA9$ 9 ! FACE ( ! ,UNIONS -- LET ALONE BOL/]$ UP BY \R [N =CES4 ,! FIS4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI V5TUR$ TO SUGGE/ ?AT ! COLLABORATIONI/S W]E ALLI$ ) ! B\RGEOISIE1 :I* WAS TANTAM\NT TO SAY+ ?AT ! AN>*I/ M9I/]S & ALL :O ADVOCAT$ COLLABORATIONISM W]E ALLI$ ) ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,! COLLABORATIONI/S >E ALLIES ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,9DIVIDUALS :O ADVOCATE SU* RELATIONS HAVE NO FEEL+ = ! CLASS /RUGGLE1 NOR HAVE !Y ! SLID = ! UNIONS4 ,NEV] MU/ WE ACCEPT ! CONSOLIDATION ( \R 5EMY'S POSITIONS4 ,! 5EMY MU/ BE BEAT54 .<444.> ,!RE CAN BE ABSOLUTELY NO COMMON GR\ND BETWE5 EXPLOIT]S & EXPLOIT$4 ,:I* %ALL PREVAIL1 ONLY BATTLE CAN DECIDE4 ,B\RGEOIS OR WORK]S4 ,C]TA9LY NOT BO? ( !M AT ONCE4 ,H[EV]1 ! ,GR\P AT NO TIME TOOK ! NEXT DEF9ITIVE /EP1 ! 9EVITABLE BREAK ) A COLLABORATIONI/ TYPE ORGANIZATION :I* HAD DEMON/RAT$ ITS 9ABILITY TO CALL (F & F9I% ) ?IS POLICY ( ALLIANCE ) ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,! ,GR\P NEV] PROPOS$ A BREAK ) ! ,C,N,T1 & ! D5UNCIATION ( ?AT ORGANIZATION AS ONE ( CAPITALISM'S ORGANIZATIONS4 ,! IDEOLOGICAL PREMISES SET \T W]E NOT EXPLOR$ 9 ALL ?AT !Y 5TAIL$4 ,IT WAS EASI] TO PO9T ! ACCUS+ F+] AT A FEW 9DIVIDUALS1 A FEW LEAD]S :O ADVOCAT$ A POLICY ( COLLABORATION ) ! B\RGEOISIE ?AN TO >RIVE AT ! />K & DISMAL CONCLUSION ?AT ! ,C,N,T WAS AN ORGANIZATION = COLLABORAT+ ) ! B\RGEOISIE1 BY VIRTUE ( ITS V]Y NATURE AS A TRADE UNION4 ,IT WAS NOT ! AN>*I/ M9I/]S :O W]E LEAD+ ! ,C,N,T AWAY FROM ITS PR9CIPLES1 BUT RA!R ! ,C,N,T ?AT WAS *URN+ \T M9I/]S4 ,BUT ! ,GR\P RECKON$ ?AT ! TRADE UNIONS W]E CLASS /RUGGLE ORGANIZATIONS4 ,EV5 ! ,CATALAN ,U,G,T1 ,/AL9I/ ?R\< & ?R\< & NO?+ MORE ?AN AN 9/RUM5T ( ! ,P,S,U,C1 ! P>TY ( C\NT]REVOLUTION1 WAS NOT REG>D$ AS AN ORGAN ( ! B\RGEOISIE4 ,SO IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE = ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI TO TAKE ?AT CRUCIAL /EP4 ,IF !Y C\LD NOT ACKN[L$GE ! TRUE NATURE ( ! UNIONS.<#a#b#a.> AS CAPITALI/ ,/ATE MA*9]Y1 !Y C\LD NOT CONTEMPLATE BREAK+ ) ! ,C,N,T EI!R4 ,V]Y MU* ! OPPOSITE2 ! UNIONS W]E A FUNDAM5TAL FACTOR 9 ! ,GR\P'S !ORETICAL >GUM5T4 ,ITS *>GES W]E LEVEL$ AT 9DIVIDUALS1 NOT AT ORGANIZATIONS4 ,!RE WAS NO ACKN[L$GM5T ( ! DISEASE1 NOR ( ITS CAUSES3 ONLY A FEW ( ! SYMPTOMS W]E RECOGNIZ$4.<#a#b#b.> ,! PAMPHLET CONT9UES ) AN EXPOSITION ( ! POSITIONS & PROGRAM ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,P]HAPS BECAUSE !Y W]E HA/ILY DRAFT$1 OR BECAUSE ( ! POOR RECEPTION AWAIT+ !M AT ?AT PO9T1 ! MA9 & MO/ TYPICAL TACTICAL POLITICAL POSITIONS1 W]E SET \T 9 A MORE 9COMPLETE1 CONFUS$ & VAGUE =M ?AN 9 PREVI\S EXPOSITIONS4 ,?OSE PO9TS W]E AS FOLL[S3 #a4 ,WORK]S' DIRECTION ( ! W> ?R\< A WORK]S' REVOLUTION>Y >MY4 #b4 ,REJECTION ( CLASS COLLABORATION1 MEAN+ ?AT ! UNIONS W]E TO BE /R5G!N$4 #c4 ,SOCIALIZATION ( ! ECONOMY4 #d4 ,ANTICL]ICALISM4 #e4 ,SOCIALIZATION ( DI/RIBUTION1 ?R\< ]ADICATION ( BUREAUCRACY & UNIV]SAL RATION+ ( ALL CONSUM] PRODUCTS4 #f4 ,EQUAL PAY4 #g4 ,POPUL> C\RTS4 #h4 ,EQUALITY BETWE5 C\NTRYSIDE & T[N1 & DEF5SE ( ! AGR>IAN COLLECTIVIZATIONS4 #i4 ,WORK] CONTROL ( PUBLIC ORD]4 ,! C5TRAL BASIS ( ! PROGRAM WAS ! ,JULY EXP]I5CE1 :I* ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI V]Y TELL+LY DEPICT$ AS A SUCCESSFUL UPRIS+1 :I* HAD BE5 F\ND WANT+ 9 REVOLUTION>Y !ORY & REVOLUTION>Y OBJECTIVES3 ,!Y HAD NO IDEA :I* C\RSE ( ACTION TO PURSUE4 ,!RE WAS NO !ORY4 ,YE> AFT] YE> WE HAD SP5T SPECULAT+ >\ND AB/RACTIONS4 ,:AT IS TO BE DONE8 ! LEAD]S W]E ASK+ !MSELVES !N4 ,& !Y ALL[$ ! REVOLUTION TO BE LO/4 ,SU* EXALT$ MOM5TS LEAVE NO TIME = HESITANCY4 ,RA!R1 ONE HAS TO KN[ :]E ONE IS GO+4 ,?IS IS PRECISELY ! VACUUM WE SEEK TO FILL1 S9CE WE FEEL ?AT :AT HAPP5$ 9 ,JULY & ,MAY MU/ NEV] HAPP5 AGA94 ,WE >E 9TRODUC+ A SLIIATION 9 AN>*ISM 9TO \R PROGRAM4 ,! E/ABLI%M5T ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA4 ,! REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA WAS DESCRIB$ BY ! ,GR\P AS A VANGU>D E/ABLI%$ = ! PURPOSE ( REPRESS+ ! REVOLUTION'S 5EMIES3 ,AS WE SEE IT1 ! REVOLUTION NE$S ORGANISMS TO OV]SEE IT & TO REPRESS1 9 AN ORGANIZ$ S5SE1 HO/ILE SECTORS4 ,AS CURR5T EV5TS HAVE %[N1 SU* SECTORS DO NOT ACCEPT OBLIVION UNLESS !Y >E CRU%$4 ,!RE MAY BE AN>*I/ COMRADES :O FEEL C]TA9 IDEOLOGICAL MISGIV+S1 BUT ! LESSON ( EXP]I5CE IS 5\< TO 9DUCE US TO /OP PUSSY-FOOT+4 ,UNLESS WE WANT A REPETITION ( :AT IS HAPP5+ ) ! PRES5T REVOLUTION1 WE MU/ PROCE$ ) ! UTMO/ 5]GY AGA9/ ?OSE :O >E NOT ID5TIFI$ ) ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,AFT] ?IS PREAMBLE1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI SET \T !IR REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM1 :I* BOIL$ D[N TO ?REE MAJOR PO9TS3 #a4 ,E/ABLI%M5T ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA OR ,NATIONAL ,DEF5SE ,C\NCIL1 ! TASK ( :I* W\LD BE TO OV]SEE ! W>1 CONTROL PUBLIC ORD] & H&LE 9T]NATIONAL AFFAIRS & REVOLUTION>Y PROPAG&A4 #b4 ,ALL ECONOMIC P[] TO ! UNIONS3 ?IS MEANT ! =MATION ( AN \TRI*I/ F$]AL APPROA*4 ,! PAMPHLET CLOS$ ) A F9AL SECTION BE>+ ! SAME TITLE AS ! :OLE PAMPHLET3 !RE WAS A REALI/IC1 CATEGORICAL /ATEM5T3 0! REVOLUTION NO LONG] EXI/S40 ,AFT] A LONG /R+ ( SPECULATIONS & QUE/IONS AB\T ! IMM$IATE PROSPECT1 ACKN[L$G+ ! /R5G? ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION1 A TIMID1 UTOPIAN1 WELL-MEAN+ & P]HAPS RHETORICAL SUMMONS WAS ISSU$ TO A FUTURE AN>*I/ REVOLUTION CAPABLE ( SATISFY+ HUMAN ASPIRATIONS & ! AN>*I/ IDEAL4 ,H[EV]1 ! C\NT]REVOLUTION'S SUCCESS 9 ! REPUBLICAN ZONE & ! FASCI/S' VICTORY 9 ! W> W]E BY !N 9EVITABLE1 AS ,BALIUS CONC$$ 9 HIS #ai< =EWORD 70,=TY ,YE>S ,AGO07 TO AN ,5GLI%-LANGUAGE $ITION ( ,HACIA UNA NUEVA REVOLUCION 7,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION74 "9"9 O ,*APT] #i 3 ,BALIUS'S ,?\TICLES PR9T$ 9 ! ,FR5* AN>*I/ REVIEW ,L',ESPAGNE N\VELLE4 ,! FIR/ ( !SE M>K$ ! ?IRD ANNIV]S>Y ( ,JULY #a#i1 #a#i#c#f4 ,! SECOND1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#i1 BY :I* TIME ,FRANCE & ,5GL& HAD =MALLY DECL>$ W> ON ,G]MANY1 WAS DEVOT$ TO ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,BO? >TICLES W]E ! RESULT ( LONG1 CONSID]$ REFLECTION BY ,BALIUS1 :O SIGN$ BO? >TICLES 9 HIS CAPACITY AS 0SECRET>Y ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI40 ,BO? !SE >TICLES /& \T ON ACC\NT ( ! PRECISION ( ! LANGUAGE US$ & ( !IR C5TRAL FOCUS UPON ! FUNDAM5TAL ISSUES RAIS$ BY ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION4 ,?US1 !Y (F] US ) ! UTMO/ CL>ITY ( ,BALIUS'S ?9K+ ON ! QUE/ION ( P[]1 ! 9DISP5SABLE FUNCTION ( A REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP & ! NE$ TO DE/ROY ! ,/ATE & 9TRODUCE A NEW /RUCTURE 9 ITS PLACE 79 E>LI] WRIT+S1 ?IS WAS DESCRIB$ AS A REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA7 CAPABLE ( REPRESS+ C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y =CES4 ,9 ! >TICLE 5TITL$ 0,JULY #a#i#c#f3 IMPORT & POSSIBILITIES0 HE CONTRADICT$ ?OSE :O >GU$ ?AT ! ,JULY EV5TS W]E SIMPLY ! RESULT ( ! /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! RIS+ BY ! MILIT>Y & ! FASCI/S1 :I* IS TO SAY ?AT 0)\T ! >MY REBELLION !RE W\LD HAVE BE5 NO >M$ POPUL> MOVEM5T40 ,9/EAD1 ,BALIUS CLAIM$ ?AT ?IS \TLOOK WAS 9 KEEP+ ) ,POPUL> ,FRONT-ISM1 ! RESULT ( ! SUBORD9ATION ( ! WORK+ CLASS TO ! REPUBLICAN B\RGEOISIE1 ITSELF ! *IEF REASON :Y ! PROLET>IAT HAD BE5 DEFEAT$4 ,BALIUS RECALL$ H[ ! REPUBLICAN B\RGEOISIE HAD REFUS$ ! WORK]S ! >MS ) :I* TO CONFRONT ! FASCI/ REBELLION3 ,9 ,B>CELONA ITSELF1 WE HAD TO SUFF] ! ,TRANSPORT ,UNION TO BE /ORM$ BY ,G5]ALIDAD GOONS :O1 ONLY H\RS BE=E ! CRUCIAL BATTLE1 W]E /ILL EAG] TO TAKE AWAY ! RIFLES :I* WE HAD SEIZ$ FROM ABO>D ! ,MANUEL ,>NUS1 & :I* W]E 9T5D$ = USE AGA9/ ! FASCI/S4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS1 ! VICTORY OV] ! MILIT>Y HAD ONLY BE5 A*IEV$ 9 ?OSE PLACES :]E ! WORK]S1 WEAPONS AT ! READY1 & ) NO SORT ( DEALS ) ! PETIT B\RGEOISIE1 HAD TAK5 ON ! FASCI/S4 ,:]ESOEV] ! WORK]S -- AS 9 ,Z>AGOZA -- HAD HESITAT$ OR MADE DEALS1 ! VICTORY HAD GONE TO ! FASCI/S4 ,! MO/ IMPORTANT ISSU$ RAIS$ 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f1 ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS1 WAS NOT ! >MY'S SUCCESS 9 A FEW >EAS 9 ,SPA94 ,! MO/ IMPORTANT ISSUE HAD >IS5 9SIDE ! REPUBLICAN ZONE3 :O TOOK P[] & :O DIRECT$ ! W>8 ,TO :I* QUE/ION !RE C\LD BE ONLY TWO ANSW]S3 ! REPUBLICAN B\RGEOISIE1 OR ! PROLET>IAT3 ,BUT ! MO/ IMPORTANT ISSUE >OSE 9 \R ZONE4 ,IT WAS A MATT] ( DET]M9+ :O HAD WON4 ,WAS IT ! WORK]S8 ,9 :I* CASE ! GOV]NANCE ( ! C\NTRY FELL TO US4 ,BUT 444 ! PETIT B\RGEOISIE AS WELL8 ,?AT WAS ! MI/AKE4 ,BALIUS >GU$ ?AT ! WORK+ CLASS \DLESS 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f4 ,:I* W\LD HAVE REPRES5T$ ! ONLY GU>ANTEE & ONLY *ANCE ( VICTORY 9 ! W>3 0,! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,A,I :I* W]E ! S\L ( ! MOVEM5T 9 ,CATALONIA C\LD HAVE AF=D$ ! ,JULY EV5TS !IR PROP] COLOR4 ,:O C\LD HAVE /OPP$ !M8 ,9/EAD ( :I*1 WE ALL[$ ! ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY 7,P,S,U,C7 TO RALLY ! OPPORTUNI/S1 ! B\RGEOIS RI ,HAD ! WORK]S KN[N H[ TO ACT AS MA/]S 9 ANTIFASCI/ ,SPA91 ! W> W\LD HAVE BE5 WON1 & ! REVOLUTION W\LD NOT HAVE HAD TO 5DURE SO MANY DEVIATIONS RIT4 ,WE C\LD HAVE HAD ! VICTORY4 ,BUT :AT WE MANAG$ TO GA9 ) F\R H&GUNS1 WE LO/ :5 WE HAD :OLE >S5ALS FULL ( >MS4 ,= ?OSE CULPABLE = ! DEFEAT1 WE HAVE TO LOOK PA/ ,/AL9ISM'S HIR$ ASSASS9S1 PA/ ! ?IEVES LIKE ,PRIETO1 PA/ SCUM LIKE ,NEGR9 & PA/ ! USUAL RE=MI/S3 WE BORE ! GUILT = NOT HAV+ IT 9 US TO DO AWAY ) ALL ?IS RIFFRAFF .<444.> ,BUT1 :ILE WE >E ALL JO9TLY TO BLAME1 !RE >E ?OSE :O BE> A P>TICUL>LY HEAVY BURD5 ( RESPONSIBILITY4 ,NAMELY1 ! LEAD]S ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I1 :OSE RE=MI/ APPROA* 9 ,JULY & :OSE C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y 9T]V5TION 9 ,MAY #aicg ESPECIALLY B>R$ ! WAY TO ! WORK+ CLASS & DEALT ! REVOLUTION A MORTAL BL[4 ,SU* WAS ,BALIUS'S SUMM+-UP ( ! ?\S& D\BTS & OBJECTIONS :I* ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]S HAD FAC$ 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f1 REG>D+ ! M9ORITY /ATUS ( ! AN>*I/ PRES5CE \TSIDE ( ,CATALONIA1 ! NE$ TO MA9TA9 ANTIFASCI/ UNITY & ! REPEAT$ COMPROMISES :I* ! W> =C$ UPON ! REVOLUTION4 ,BALIUS CLAIM$ ?AT ! AN>*I/S' VICTORY 9 ,CATALONIA C\LD HAVE PRESAG$ ! QUICK CRU%+ ( ! FASCI/ UPRIS+ ALL ACROSS ,SPA91 HAD ! PROLET>IAT TAK5 P[]4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS1 ?AT WAS ! MI/AKE MADE 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f3 P[] HAD NOT BE5 TAK54 ,& \T ( ?AT MI/AKE CAME ! RAPID DEG5]ATION ( ! REVOLUTION1 & ITS DIFFICULTIES4 ,?AT MI/AKE LEFT ! DOOR OP5 = ! GR[? ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION1 ( :I* ,/AL9ISM WAS ! *IEF >*ITECT4 ,BUT ,BALIUS RECKON$ ! BLAME LAY1 NOT ) ! ,/AL9I/S & ! REPUBLICAN B\RGEOISIE1 BUT RA!R ) ?OSE AN>*I/ LEAD]S :O HAD PREF]R$ ANTIFASCI/ UNITY -- :I* IS TO SAY1 COLLABORATION ) ! B\RGEOISIE1 ! ,/ATE & CAPITALI/ 9/ITUTIONS -- OV] PROLET>IAN REVOLUTION4 ,9 HIS >TICLE ON ! EV5TS ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,SEPTEMB] #a#i#c#i1 & 5TITL$ 0,MAY #a#i#c#g3 A HI/ORICAL DATE = ! PROLET>IAT10 ,BALIUS DESCRIB$ ! TWO YE>S FOLL[+ ,MAY #aicg AS ! SIMPLE AFT]MA? ( ?OSE REVOLUTION>Y EV5TS4 ,ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS1 ,MAY #aicg WAS NOT A PROTE/1 BUT RA!R A CONSCI\SLY REVOLUTION>Y UPRIS+ ( ! ,CATALAN PROLET>IAT1 :I* SUCCE$$ MILIT>ILY & FAIL$ POLITICALLY4 ,! FAILURE WAS D[N TO TREA*]Y BY ! AN>*I/ LEAD]S4 ,AGA9 WE F9D ! *>GE ( TREASON LEVEL$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI DUR+ ! EV5TS ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 ONLY TO BE RETRACT$ LAT] 9 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO3 ,BUT ! TREASON ( ! RE=MI/ W+ ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I MANIFE/$ ITSELF H]E4 ,REPEAT+ ! D]ELICTION %[N 9 ! ,JULY EV5TS1 AGA9 !Y SID$ ) ! B\RGEOIS DEMOCRATS4 ,!Y ISSU$ ! CEASE-FIRE ORD]4 ,! PROLET>IAT WAS RELUCTANT TO ABIDE BY ?AT CALL & 9 A RAG+ FURY1 IGNOR+ ! ORD]S FROM ITS FA9!>T$ LEAD]S1 IT C>RI$ ON DEF5D+ ITS POSITIONS4 ,& ?IS IS H[ ,BALIUS DEPICT$ ! ROLE PLAY$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g3 ,WE1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 :O F\D (F ! DISA/] :I* W\LD HAVE BE5 ! PEOPLE'S CON/ANT F>E1 HAD !Y LAID D[N !IR >MS4 ,WE ISSU$ ! CALL = ! FIY OBJECTIVES HAV+ BE5 A*IEV$4 ,BALIUS V]Y VIVIDLY UND]L9$ ! P>ADOX ( ! PROLET>IAT'S HAV+ SUCCE$$ MILIT>ILY BUT FAIL$ POLITICALLY3 ,?IS WAS ! FIR/ TIME 9 ! 5TIRE HI/ORY ( SOCIAL /RUGGLES ?AT ! VICTORS SURR5D]$ TO ! VANQUI%$4 ,& )\T EV5 ! SLID ( ! PROLET>IAT W\LD NOT BE T\*$1 DISMANTL+ ( ! B>RICADES BEGAN3 ! CITY ( ,B>CELONA RETURN$ TO ITS APPE>ANCE ( NORMALITY1 AS IF NO?+ HAD HAPP5$4 ,9 ,BALIUS'S ANALYSIS1 ! ,MAY EV5TS APPE>$ AS A CROSSROADS3 EI!R ! REVOLUTION WAS =SWORN ONCE & = ALL1 OR P[] WAS TAK54 ,& HE EXPLA9$ AWAY ! AN>*I/S' CON/ANT RETREAT S9CE ,JULY AS ! FRUITS ( ! DAMNABLE ,POPUL> ,FRONT-I/ POLICY ( ALLIANCE ) ! REPUBLICAN B\RGEOISIE4 ,& ALSO AS A CONSEQU5CE ( ! DIVORCE EXI/+ )9 ! ,C,N,T BETWE5 A C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP & A REVOLUTION>Y RANK & FILE4 ,MAY #aicg WAS A FAILURE BECAUSE ! WORK]S FAIL$ TO COME UP ) A REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP3 0,! PROLET>IAT WAS AT A FATAL CROSSROADS4 ,!RE W]E ONLY TWO C\RSES TO *OOSE BETWE53 EI!R B5D ! KNEE BE=E ! C\NT]REVOLUTION OR PREP>E TO IMPOSE ONE'S [N P[]1 TO WIT1 PROLET>IAN P[]4 ,! DRAMA ( ! ,SPANI% WORK+ CLASS IS *>ACT]IZ$ BY ! MO/ ABSOLUTE DIVORCE EXI/+ BETWE5 ! GRASSROOTS & ! LEAD]%IP4 ,! LEAD]%IP WAS ALWAYS C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y4 ,BY CONTRA/1 ! ,SPANI% WORK]S .<444.> HAVE ALWAYS /OOD HEAD & %\LD]S ABOVE !IR LEAD]S :5 IT COMES TO P]CEIV+ EV5TS & TO 9T]PRETATION ( !M4 ,HAD ?OSE H]OIC WORK]S F\ND A REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP1 !Y W\LD HAVE WRITT5 ONE ( ! MO/ IMPORTANT PAGES 9 !IR HI/ORY :ILE ! :OLE WORLD LOOK$ ON40 ,ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS1 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 ! ,CATALAN PROLET>IAT HAD URG$ ! ,C,N,T TO TAKE P[]3 ,= ! ESS5CE ( ! ,MAY ,EV5TS1 ONE MU/ LOOK TO ! PROLET>IAT'S UN%AKABLE DET]M9ATION TO PLACE A WORK]S' LEAD]%IP 9 *>GE ( ! >M$ /RUGGLE1 ! ECONOMY1 & ! 5TIRE EXI/5CE ( ! C\NTRY4 ,:I* IS TO SAY 7= ANY AN>*I/ NOT AFRAID ( ! WORDS7 ?AT ! PROLET>IAT WAS FITICLES1 ,BALIUS HAD BROA*$ ! FUNDAM5TAL PO9T ( ! REVOLUTION & ,SPANI% CIVIL W>1 )\T :I* :AT HAPP5$ REMA9S 9COMPREH5SIBLE3 ! ISSUE ( P[]4 ,& HE 9DICAT$ TOO ! ORGANS :I* W]E TO HAVE EMBODI$ ?AT P[]1 & ABOVE ALL RECOGNIZ$ ! NE$ TO DISMANTLE ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE APP>ATUS 9 ORD] TO ]ECT A PROLET>IAN REPLACEM5T 9 ITS PLACE4 ,MOREOV]1 ,BALIUS PO9T$ TO ! ABS5CE ( A REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP AS HAV+ BE5 ! ROOT CAUSE ( ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION'S FAILURE4 ,AFT] A READ+ ( !SE TWO >TICLES1 IT HAS TO BE ACKN[L$G$ ?AT ! EVOLUTION ( ,BALIUS'S POLITICAL ?9K+1 ROOT$ 9 ANALYSIS ( ! WEAL? ( EXP]I5CE G>N]$ DUR+ ! CIVIL W>1 HAD L$ HIM TO CONFRONT ISSUES TABOO 9 ! AN>*I/ IDEOLOGY3 #a4 ! NE$ = ! PROLET>IAT TO TAKE P[]4 #b4 ! 9ELUCTABILITY ( ! DE/RUCTION ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE APP>ATUS TO CLE> ! WAY = A PROLET>IAN REPLACEM5T4 #c4 ! 9DISP5SABLE ROLE ( A REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP4 ,:AT WE HAVE JU/ SAID DOES NOT EXCLUDE ! FACT ?AT !RE W]E O!R FACETS TO ,BALIUS'S ?9K+1 SECOND>Y FACETS1 MAYBE1 NOT AT ISSUE 9 !SE >TICLES & :I* >E 9 KEEP+ ) ! TRADITIONAL AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ IDEOLOGY3 #a4 TRADE UNION DIRECTION ( ! ECONOMY4 #b4 COMMITTEES AS ! ORGANS ( PROLET>IAN P[]4 #c4 MUNICIPALIZATION ( ! ADM9I/RATION1 ETC4 ,!RE CANNOT BE ANY D\BT ?AT ,BALIUS1 OP]AT+ ON ! BASIS ( ! IDEOLOGY ( ,SPANI% AN>*O-SYNDICALISM1 HAD MADE TREM5D\S EF=TS TO DIGE/ ! BRUTAL EXP]I5CES ( CIVIL W> & ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION4 ,! M]IT ( ! ,GR\P LIES PRECISELY 9 ?AT EF=T TO COMPREH5D REALITY & ASSIMILATE ! FIR/-H& EXP]I5CES ( ! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT4 ,LIFE WAS EASI] AS AN AN>*I/ M9I/] ?AN AS AN AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y4 ,IT WAS EASI] TO =SWE> IDEOLOGY AS SU*1 ?AT IS1 TO R5\NCE PR9CIPLES 0TEMPOR>ILY0 9 ! MOM5T ( TRU?1 9 ORD] TO REV]T TO !M ONCE DEFEAT & ! PASSAGE ( HI/ORY HAD R5D]$ CONTRADICTIONS IRRELEVANT4 ,IT WAS EASI] TO CALL = ANTIFASCI/ UNITY & A %>E 9 ! GOV]NANCE ( A CAPITALI/ ,/ATE1 & TO EMBRACE MILIT>IZATION 9 ORD] TO DEF] TO A W> DIRECT$ BY ! REPUBLICAN B\RGEOISIE3 ?AN TO CONFRONT ?OSE CONTRADICTIONS & ASS]T ?AT ! ,C,N,T %\LD HAVE TAK5 P[]1 ?AT ! W> WAS W9NABLE ONLY IF ! PROLET>IAT WAS 9 ! DRIV+ SEAT1 ?AT ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE HAD TO BE DE/ROY$1 & ABOVE ALL ?AT ! PROLET>IAT HAD TO ]ECT P[] /RUCTURES ( ITS [N1 USE =CE TO CRU% ! C\NT]REVOLUTION & ?AT ALL ( ?IS WAS IMPRACTICABLE 9 ! ABS5CE ( A REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP4 ,:E!R OR NOT !SE CONCLUSIONS W]E AN>*I/ MATT]$ A LOT TO ?OSE :O NEV] PAUS$ TO QUE/ION :E!R IT WAS AN>*I/ TO PROP UP ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE4 ,BETWE5 #aicf & #a#i#c#i1 ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ IDEOLOGY WAS REPEAT$LY PUT TO ! SEV]E/ TE/S1 ) REG>DS TO ITS CAPABILITY1 COH]5CE & VALIDITY4 ,BALIUS'S ?9K+1 & ?AT ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P WAS ! ONLY WOR?:ILE ATTEMPT BY A ,SPANI% AN>*I/ GR\P TO RESOLVE ! CONTRADICTIONS & D]ELICTION ( PR9CIPLE :I* *>ACT]IZ$ ! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,A,I4 ,IF ! !ORETICAL 5DEAVORS ( ,BALIUS & ! ,GR\P L$ !M TO EMBRACE CONCLUSIONS ?AT CAN BE DESCRIB$ AS ALI5 TO AN>*O-SYNDICALISM1 MAYBE IT W\LD BE NECESS>Y TO RECOGNIZE AN>*ISM'S 9ADEQUACY AS A REVOLUTION>Y !ORY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,BALIUS & ! ,GR\P NEV] TOOK ?AT /EP1 & AT ALL TIMES REG>D$ !MSELVES AS AN>*I/S1 AL?\< !Y /UCK BY !IR CRITICISMS ( ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATION 9 ! ,/ATE4 ,WE WILL NOT V5TURE TO DESCRIBE SU* A /ANCE AS EI!R COH]5T OR CONTRADICTORY4 ,! ,/AL9I/ REPRESSION ?AT BATT5$ UPON REVOLUTION>IES FOLL[+ ! ,MAY EV5TS DID NOT T>GET ! ,GR\P AS SU*1 9 ?AT IT WAS NEV] \TLAW$1 BUT T>GET$ ALL ,C,N,T MILITANTS 9 G5]AL4 ,D\BTLESS ?AT HELP$ PRECLUDE FUR!R !ORETICAL CL>IFICATION & AN ORGANIZATIONAL RUPTURE1 :I* WE1 9 ANY CASE1 DO NOT BELIEVE W\LD HAVE COME TO PASS4 ,H[EV]1 WE CONC$E ?AT \R ANALYSIS IS OV]LY POLITICAL1 SUBTLE1 9CONV5I5T & PROBLEMATICAL3 IT IS MU* MORE CONV5I5T1 :IMSICAL1 ACADEMIC & SUIT$ TO ! ANECDOTES & C>ICATURES ON (F] TO FALL BACK UPON ! DEUS EX MA*9A ( 5TRYISM & ,TROTSKYI/ 9FLU5CES UPON ,BALIUS & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 O ,*APT] #a 3 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S ,RELATIONS ) ! ,TROTSKYI/S #a4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S ,RELATIONS ) ! ,TROTSKYI/S .<#a#b#c.> ,IT REQUIRES ONLY A CURSORY P]USAL ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO OR ,BALIUS'S /ATEM5TS TO E/ABLI% ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E NEV] M>XI/S1 NOR 9FLU5C$ AT ALL BY ! ,TROTSKYI/S OR ! ,BOL%EVIK ,L59I/ ,SECTION4 ,BUT !RE IS A S*OOL ( HI/ORIANS DET]M9$ TO MA9TA9 ! OPPOSITE & H5CE ! NECESSITY = ?IS *APT]4 ,= A />T1 WE HAVE TO DEMOLI% ONE MASSIVE R$ H]R+3 ! SO-CALL$ 0,COMMUNI/ ,UNION ,MANIFE/O0 SUPPOS$LY JO9TLY 5DORS$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 ! ,P,\,M & ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?3 BUT :I*1 9 PO9T ( FACT1 NEV] EXI/$4 ,ITS EXI/5CE IS JU/ A FANTASY ( ! HI/ORIAN'S TRADE4 ,LIKE ,PET] ,PAN'S %AD[1 ! 0,COMMUNI/ ,UNION ,MANIFE/O0 ACQUIR$ A LIFE ( ITS [N & REFUSES TO BE TI$ TO ITS MA/]'S SLIPP]S4 ,! MISCON/RU$ DOCUM5T 9 QUE/ION WAS A 0,MANIFE/O0 FROM ,UNION ,COMMUNI/E1 A ,FR5* ,TROTSKYI/ GR\P :I* DI/RIBUT$ IT 9 ,P>IS 9 ,JUNE #aicg AT A RALLY ORGANIZ$ BY ,FR5* AN>*I/S 9 ! ,VEL D',HIV] 9 ,P>IS1 A RALLY ) ! P>TICIPATION ( ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y & ,G>CIA ,OLIV]4.<#a#b#d.> ,! 9ITIAL P$DL] ( ?IS MI/AKE1 :I* WAS SUBSEQU5TLY REPEAT$ BY MANY O!RS1 WAS ,CES> ,M4 ,LOR5ZO4 ,AS = ! MATT] ( ,M\L9'S"9 SWAY OV] ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 WE >E =C$ TO CONCLUDE ?AT ?IS IS AN UTT]LY UNW>RANT$ HI/ORIOGRAPHICAL 9V5TION4 ,FROM ! ,?ALMANNS' BOOK IT EM]GES ?AT IT WAS MORE A QUE/ION ( ,M\L9'S HAV+ BE5 SWAY$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4.<#a#b#e.> ,BUT EV5 IF ?IS W]E NOT ! CASE1 ! 9FLU5CE ( ,M\L9 )9 ! ,GR\P'S IDEOLOGY1 AS SET \T 9 ITS LEAFLETS1 MANIFE/OES & ABOVE ALL 9 ! COLUMNS ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 DOES NOT W>RANT ANY CLAIM ?AT IT AM\NT$ TO ANY?+ ( SIGNIFICANCE1 IF 9DE$ IT EXI/$4 ,AT ALL TIMES ! ,GR\P >TICULAT$ AN AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ IDEOLOGY1 AL?\< IT ALSO VOIC$ RADICAL CRITICISM ( ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I LEAD]%IP4 ,BUT IT IS A HUGE LEAP FROM ?AT TO CLAIM+ ?AT ! ,GR\P ESP\S$ M>XI/ POSITIONS4 ,9 ANY CASE1 WE HAVE NO PROBLEM AGREE+ ?AT ANALYSIS ( ! REALITY & ( ! UPRIS+S 9 ,JULY & ,MAY L$ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI TO ESP\SE TWO FUNDAM5TAL NOTIONS :I* CAN SC>CELY BE DESCRIB$ AS ESS5TIALLY M>XI/ -- ?\< !Y >E ?AT1 TOO -- SO MU* AS ! MO/ ELEM5T>Y IDIOMS ( ANY PROLET>IAT-DRIV5 REVOLUTION>Y UPRIS+4.<#a#b#f.> ,?OSE TWO NOTIONS >E1 TO BORR[ ! ,DURRUTI-I/S EXPRESSIONS1 >E AS FOLL[S3 #a4 ,?AT ONE MU/ IMPOSE A REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM1 LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM1 :I* MU/ BE DEF5D$ BY =CE ( >MS4 ,! ,C,N,T1 :I* HAD A MAJORITY ON ! /REETS1 \IAN COMMUNISM & !N %\LD HAVE DEF5D$ IT ) =CE4 ,9 O!R WORDS1 :I* IS TO SAY1 SWIT*+ N[ TO ! M>XI/ T]M9OLOGY3 ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT \Y ,JUNTA1 MADE UP ( REVOLUTION>IES :O HAVE TAK5 P>T 9 ! PROLET>IAN UPRIS+1 TO EX]CISE P[] & USE VIOL5CE TO REPRESS ! NON-PROLET>IAN FACTIONS1 9 ORD] TO PRECLUDE ! LATT]'S TAK+ P[]1 OR EMB>K+ UPON A C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS TO DEFEAT & CRU% ! PROLET>IAT4 ,?AT ?IS ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA1 AS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI CALL IT1 :ILE O!RS CALL IT ! VANGU>D OR ! REVOLUTION>Y P>TY1 CAN %OCK ONLY ?OSE :O >E %OCK$ BY WORDS RA!R ?AN BY ! DEFEAT ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,SO1 IT SEEMS OBVI\S ?AT !RE WAS AN EVOLUTION )9 AN>*I/ ?\IAN REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS & :I* HAVE1 ( C\RSE1 LONG S9CE BE5 9CORPORAT$ 9TO ! ELEM5TS ( REVOLUTION>Y M>XISM4 ,BUT IT IS A V]Y DIFF]5T ?+ TO >GUE ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E 9FLU5C$ FROM )\T BY ,TROTSKYI/S & TURN$1 OV]NIXI/S4 ,SU* A CONT5TION HAS VALIDITY ONLY AS AN 9SULT 9 ! PROPAG&A DEPLOY$ BY ! ,C,N,T AGA9/ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E NOT 9 ANY WAY BEHOLD5 TO ,SPANI% ,TROTSKYI/S IS TRANSP>5T FROM SEV]AL DOCUM5TS1 :I* WE %ALL N[ ANALYZE3 A4 ,ON A NUMB]-( OCCASIONS1 ,BALIUS'S [N /ATEM5TS R\NDLY D5I$ ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI HAD BE5 9FLU5C$ 9 ANY WAY BY ! ,P,\,M OR ! ,TROTSKYI/S1.<#a#b#g.> & MA9TA9$ ?AT HE /ILL CONSID]$ HIMSELF AN AN>*I/ MILITANT1 AL?\<1 NATURALLY1 ONE V]Y CRITICAL ( ! ,C,N,T'S GOV]NM5TAL & M9I/]IAL COLLABORATION3.<#a#b#h.> ,AN>*I/S MAY GO TO JAIL & P]I% AS ,OBREGON1 ,ASCASO1 ,SABAT]1 ,BU5AV5TURA & ,PEIRO HAVE1 :OSE LIVES >E WOR?Y ( ! PRAISES ( A ,PLUT>*4 ,WE MAY DIE 9 EXILE1 9 CONC5TRATION CAMPS1 9 ! MAQUIS OR 9 ! DEA?-W>D1 BUT ASSUME M9I/]IAL POSITIONS8 ,?AT IS UN?9KABLE4 B4 ,! APPEAL ISSU$ BY ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA9 ON ,JUNE #b#f1 #aicg 7T5 DAYS AFT] ! ,P,\,M WAS \TLAW$7 TO ! ,P,\,M'S LEFT3 ,AL?\< Y\ DO NOT SEE EYE TO EYE ) US UPON EV]Y QUE/ION & 9DE$ >E AGA9/ \R 5TRY1 Y\ NONE!LESS DID NOT HAVE ANY RIY GR\PS4 ,ON ! CONTR>Y3 Y\ HAVE A DUTY TO 9VITE ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 AS WELL AS \RSELVES1 TO SEEK SOME COMMON ACCORD ON ! REQUISITE PRACTICAL /EPS :I* MAY AF=D AN ESCAPE FROM ?IS SITUATION & PAVE ! WAY = NEW /RUGGLES ?AT WILL LEAD US ON TO VICTORY4 ,?IS 9VITATION1 ISSU$ BY ! ,TROTSKYI/ GR\P TO ! LEFT ( ! ,P,\,M1 TO SUMMON A MEET+ BETWE5 ! \TLAW$ & P]SECUT$ ,P,\,M1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI & ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA91 ?AT IS1 BETWE5 ! ?REE REVOLUTION>Y GR\PS 9 EXI/5CE AFT] ! ,MAY EV5TS1 9DICATES ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E DEEM$ TO BE AN 9DEP5D5T GR\P ORGANIZATIONALLY & IDEOLOGICALLY1 ON A P> ) ! ,P,\,M OR ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA93 C4 ,?IS WAS ! REACTION TO ,NO4 #b ( ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A.<#a#b#i.> TO REJECTION ( ! 9VITATIONS ! ,TROTSKYI/S HAS ISSU$ TO HOLD A MEET+ BETWE5 ! ,P,\,M.<#a#c.> LEFT1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI & ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION & 5DORSE A COMMON MANIFE/O3 ,! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' & ! ,P,\,M'S LEFT W+ HAVE REJECT$ A SPECIFIC PROPOSITION4 ,FOLL[+ ! DISSOLUTION ( ! ,P,\,M & ! >RE/ ( ITS MILITANTS1 ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA9 S5T A LETT] TO ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 TO ! P>TY'S ,MADRID BRAN* COMMITTEE & TO ! LEFT FRACTION 9 ,B>CELONA1 PROPOS+ ?AT WE JO9TLY SIGN A MANIFE/O DEM&+ ! IMM$IATE RELEASE ( ?OSE >RE/$1 ! RE/ORATION ( PREMISES1 UNC5SOR$ FRE$OM = ! WORK] PRESS1 ! DIS>M+ ( ! ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS1 LEGALIZATION ( ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS UND] ! DIRECTION ( WORK]S' COMMITTEES & A PROPOSAL = A ,C,N,T-,F,A,I-,P,\,M UNIT$ FRONT TO PRESS = !SE PO9TS4 ,9 ! SAME LETT]1 :OSE CONT5TS WE MAY NOT REVEAL BECAUSE ( ! POLICE1 \R ,COMMITTEE >RANG$ A R5DEZV\S = DISCUSSION ( ANY ITEMS UPON :I* !RE MI REPLI$ TO \R MESSAGE4 ,UN(FICIALLY1 WE HAVE DISCOV]$ ?AT ! ,P,\,M LEFTI/S DID NOT ?9K ! TIME WAS RI ,C4. & ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' SEE LITTLE ADVANTAGE TO !IR AIMS 9 ALLIANCE ) ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/S4 ,9 REALITY1 ! OCCASION C\LD NOT HAVE BE5 BETT] SUIT$ = ! ,P,\,M'S LEFT W+ & AN>*ISM'S LEFTI/ W+ TO DEMON/RATE !IR CAPABILITIES AS LEAD]S & !IR RESOLUTION 9 DIFFICULT TIMES4 ,REGRETTABLY1 !Y HAVE *OS5 TO SUPPORT !IR RESPECTIVE ORGANIZATIONS' 9]TIA RA!R ?AN APPE> TO BE ACTIVE ALONGSIDE ,TROTSKYI/S4 ,WE CANNOT DISGUISE ! FACT ?AT WE REG>D ?IS AS REM9ISC5T ( ! UNIV]SAL T]ROR ( ,TROTSKYISM4 ,?IS TEXT1 :I* WE REPRODUCE 9 ITS 5TIRETY1 IS A SUFFICI5TLY CLE> 9DICATION TO US ?AT :]EAS !RE W]E /R5U\S EF=TS MADE ON ! P>T ( ! ,TROTSKYI/ GR\P L$ BY ,MUNIS TO BR+ 9FLU5CE TO BE> ON ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI & ON ! ,P,\,M'S LEFT1 ?AT 9FLU5CE NEV] AM\NT$ TO ANY?+ MORE ?AN A FAIL$ EF=T4 D4 ,E4 ,WOLF'S REPORT TO ,TROTSKY1 DAT$ ,JULY #f1 #a#i#c#g1 /ATES AS FOLL[S .3.<#a#c#a.> ,A TACTICAL SWIT* IS REQUIR$ AT ?IS PO9T4 ,9 ! PA/ WE FOCUS$ ALMO/ EXCLUSIVELY ON ! ,P,\,M4 ,! AN>*I/ REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S W]E UNDULY NEGLECT$1 ) ! EXCEPTION ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,BUT ! LATT] >E RA!R FEW 9 NUMB] & IT WILL BE IMPOSSIBLE TO A*IEVE ANY COLLABORATION ) !M4 ,WE EV5 9VIT$ !M1 ALONG ) ! LEFT FRACTION ( ! ,P,\,M1 TO TAKE P>T 9 A MEET+ TO DISCUSS JO9T ACTION4 ,NEI!R ! ,P,\,MI/S NOR ! ,FRI5DS W\LD AGREE TO ! MEET+4 ,NOT JU/ BECAUSE WE APPE>$ TOO WEAK TO !M1 BUT BECAUSE !Y >E /ILL UND] ! 9FLU5CE ( ! MON/R\S CAMPAIGN AGA9/ ,TROTSKYISM4 ,ASSUR$LY !Y SAY TO !MSELVES3 ',:Y %\LD WE RUN SU* A RISK & PROVIDE \R 5EMIES ) FUR!R AMMUNITION AB\T \R BE+ 0,TROTSKYI/S08' E4 ,MUNIS'S REPORT TO ,TROTSKY1 DAT$ ,AUGU/ #a#g1 #a#i#c#i1.<#a#c#b.> :I* APPE>S TO CONTRADICT \R CLAIMS REG>D+ ! ,TROTSKYI/S' 9FLU5CE OV] ! ,GR\P1 HAS ?IS TO SAY3 ,9 ! SOCIALI/ & AN>*I/ SECTORS1 !RE IS CONSID]ABLE SCOPE = \R WORK4 ,! *IEF LEAD] ( ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 O/5SIBLY 9FLU5C$ BY US1 IS ESP\S+ AN \TLOOK ) QUITE PRON\NC$LY M>XI/ FEATURES4 ,AT \R DIRECT 9/IGATION1 & ON BEHALF ( ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 AN 9ITIAL BULLET9 WAS DRAFT$1 ! TEXT ( :I* IS /ILL 9 \R POSSESSION1 9 :I* ! NE$ TO OV]HAUL ALL AN>*I/ !ORIES IS POSIT$4 .<444.> ,BUT WE HAVE LO/ GR\ND 9 ?IS REG>D1 BECAUSE ( \R BE+ MAT]IALLY P[]LESS TO AF=D EFFECTIVE ECONOMIC ASSI/ANCE TO ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' ,IT IS NOT \R AIM TO 5C\RAGE MOVEM5T 9 \R DIRECTION ?R\< F9ANCIAL MEANS ALONE1 BUT RA!R TO UTILIZE ! LATT] TO BR+ ,BOL%EVIK IDEAS TO ! WORK]S :O FOLL[ SAID CURR5T 74447 WE 5T]TA9 NO WILD EXPECTATIONS1 BUT ECONOMIC RES\RCES WILL QUICKLY SECURE US A PREPOND]ANT 9FLU5CE ?AT W\LD BR+ ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 P>TLY AT ANY RATE1 9TO ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL4 ,MUNIS'S PA9/AK+ REPORT TALKS ?R\<\T AB\T ! PROSPECTS ( 9FLU5C+ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI IDEOLOGICALLY & EV5 ( DRAW+ !M 9TO ! ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL3 BUT ?AT V]Y SAME PROSPECT1 :I* EXI/$ 9 ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#i1 IS CONFIRMATION ?AT IT HAD COME TO NO?+ 9 #a#i#c#g4 F4 ,9 ! 9T]VIEW PUBLI%$ BY ,LA ,LUTTE \VRI]E1 9 ITS $ITIONS DAT$ ,FEBRU>Y #bd & ,M>* #c1 #a#i#c#i1 ,MUNIS TOOK ?IS L9E ) REG>D TO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI3 ,?IS CIRCLE ( REVOLUTION>Y WORK]S . REPRES5T$ A BEG9N+ ( AN>*ISM'S EVOLV+ 9 ! DIRECTION ( M>XISM4 ,!Y HAD BE5 DRIV5 TO REPLACE ! !ORY ( LIB]T>IAN COMMUNISM ) ?AT ( ! 'REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA' 7SOVIET7 AS ! EMBODIM5T ( PROLET>IAN P[]1 DEMOCRATICALLY ELECT$ BY ! WORK]S4 ,TO BEG9 )1 ESPECIALLY AFT] ! ,MAY EV5TS1 DUR+ :I* ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI L9$ UP ) ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/S 9 ! FRONT L9E ( ! B>RICADES1 ?IS GR\P'S 9FLU5CE MADE DEEP 9ROADS 9TO ! 7,C,N,T7 TRADE UNION C5T] & 9TO ! 'POLITICAL' GR\P :I* DIRECT$ IT1 ! ,F,A,I4 ,! PANICK+ BUREAUCRATS TRI$ TO TAKE /EPS AGA9/ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI LEAD]S1 ACCUS+ !M ( BE+ 'M>XI/S' & 'POLITICALS4' ,! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I LEAD]%IP PASS$ A RESOLUTION TO EXPEL4 ,BUT ! ,UNIONS /EADFA/LY REFUS$ TO IMPLEM5T ?AT RESOLUTION4 ,UN=TUNATELY1 ! LEAD]S ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI HAVE FAIL$ TO CAPITALIZE UPON ! POT5TIAL =CE AT !IR DISPOSAL4 ,9 ! FACE ( *>GES ?AT !Y >E 'M>XI/ POLITICALS'1 !Y RETREAT$ )\T A FI ,>E !RE ACTUAL 9DICATIONS ( ! WORK]S' TURN+ AWAY FROM ! AN>*I/ \TLOOK & MOV+ T[>DS ! NOTION ( CONSCI\S PROLET>IAN P[]8 ,! AN>*I/ LEAD]S' COLLABORATION ) ! B\RGEOISIE & ! OV]ALL EXP]I5CE ( ! REVOLUTION & ! W> OP5$ MO/ AN>*I/ WORK]S' EYES TO ! FACT ?AT A PROLET>IAN P[] WAS VITAL = ! PROTECTION ( ! REVOLUTION & ( PROLET>IAN GA9S4 ,AGREEM5T BETWE5 ! ,BOL%EVIK VANGU>D & 9DIVIDUAL WORK]S WAS READILY A*IEV$4 ,BUT ! ORGANIZATIONAL EXPRESSION ( ?AT AGREEM5T FAIL$ TO CRY/ALLIZE1 P>TLY ON ACC\NT ( ! ABS5CE ( A /RONG ,BOL%EVIK NUCLEUS1 P>TLY DUE TO ! ABS5CE ( POLITICAL CLE>-SI*I/ MILITANTS1 SOME ( !M QUITE 9FLU5TIAL4 ,ALL ( !M OP5LY EXPRESS ! SAME NOTION3 ',I CAN NO LONG] /& BY ! IDEAS ,I SUPPORT$ BE=E ! W>4 ,LET ME PROCLAIM MY AGREEM5T ) DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT1 :I* CANNOT BE A P>TY DICTATOR%IP AS 9 ! ,U,S,S,R1 BUT RA!R ?AT ( A CLASS4 ,9 ! ORGANS ( PROLET>IAN P[]1 ALL ( ! WORK+ CLASS'S ORGANIZATIONS MAY COME TOGE!R & COLLABORATE4 ,?IS 9TRIGU+ & IMPASSION$ 9T]VIEW ) ,MUNIS 9 ,LA ,LUTTE \VRI]E M]ELY BE>S \T :AT WE HAVE BE5 SAY+ AB\T ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,9 ! FIR/ PLACE1 ?AT !Y W]E NOT M>XI/S1 & SECONDLY1 ?AT ! EM]G5CE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI AS A !ORETICAL AN>*I/ DISSID5CE WAS DUE TO ! 9SUFF]ABLE CONTRADICTIONS :I* ! H>D REALITY ( W> & REVOLUTION CREAT$ )9 A ,SPANI% AN>*I/ MOVEM5T *>ACT]IZ$ BY ITS MAMMO? ORGANIZATIONAL /R5G? & ABSOLUTE !ORETICAL VACU\SNESS4 ,LET US1 !RE=E1 REHE>SE ! HI/ORICAL CONTEXT ( DEAL+S BETWE5 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI & ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA94 ,!RE HAD BE5 CONTACTS PRIOR TO ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 ?R\< ! P]SON ( ,M\L94 ,IT CANNOT /RICTLY BE CLAIM$ ?AT ,M\L9 EX]CIS$ ANY IDEOLOGICAL 9FLU5CE ( ANY SORT OV] ,BALIUS & ! ,GR\P4 ,DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS !RE WAS NO COLLABORATION BETWE5 !M EI!R4 ,!Y M]ELY 5C\NT]$ ONE ANO!R ON ! /REETS & BO? GR\PS ISSU$ LEAFLETS ) WAT*WORDS CALL+ = ! FI ,BUT NEI!R ( !M WAS /RONG 5\< TO UNSEAT ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP4 ,AFT] ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 NEI!R ! ,P,\,M'S LEFT.<#a#c#d.> 7,JOSEP ,REBULL7 NOR ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI.<#a#c#e.> 7,JAIME ,BALIUS7 AGRE$ TO ATT5D A MEET+ SUMMON$ BY ! ,TROTSKYI/S = ! PURPOSE ( WORK+ \T CONC]T$ ACTION1 AS NOT$ 9 ,NO4 #b ( ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A & 9 ,WOLF'S REPORT TO ,TROTSKY1 DAT$ ,JULY #f1 #a#i#c#g4 ,ONLY 9 ,FR5* EXILE & FROM #aici ON WAS !RE ANY M5TION ( POSSIBLE ,TROTSKYI/ 9FLU5CE OV] ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 9FLU5CE :I*1 9 FACT1 FAIL$ TO PROSP]1 AS CONFIRM$ 9 ,MUNIS'S EXTREMELY OPTIMI/IC LETT] TO ,TROTSKY ON ,APRIL #b#g1 #a#i#d4.<#a#c#f.> ,CONSEQU5TIALLY1 NO GR\P WIELD$ DISC]NIBLE 9FLU5CE OV] ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,?IS CONT5TION1 :I* WE HAVE ATTEMPT$ TO DEMON/RATE1 IS1 WE BELIEVE1 H[ ! HI/ORICAL RECORD /&S AT PRES5T4 ,BUT IT IS EQUALLY C]TA9 ?AT ! 9SULTS TOSS$ >\ND BY ! ,C,N,T DID NOT FALL ON DEAF E>S1 & ?AT 9 ! EYES ( ! MAJORITY ( ,C,N,T MILITANTS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI AS A GR\P WAS 0SUSPECT$0 ( M>XISM1 & ?AT ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI MILITANTS W]E ALWAYS DESCRIB$ AS BE+ AU?ORIT>IAN &_/OR 'M>XI/0 9 \TLOOK4 ,TAKE1 = 9/ANCE ! CLAIMS MADE BY ,PEIRATS :O WAS1 LET IT NOT BE =GOTT51 *IEF $ITOR ( ,ACRACIA & ONE ( ! LI/$ CONTRIBUTORS TO ,IDEAS4 ,PEIRATS WAS A ,C,N,T MILITANT HII/ CONVICTIONS1 TO GO TO ! FRONT 0TO SEEK DEA?10 BY WAY ( A SORT ( SUICIDE >RANGEM5T1 ON ACC\NT ( ! ,C,N,T'S CONTRADICTIONS4 ,H[EV] ,PEIRATS WAS NOT A SYMPA?IZ] ) ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI & 9 AN ORAL.<#a#c#g.> 9T]VIEW 9 #aigf HE HAD ?IS TO SAY3 ,QUE/ION3 ,W]E Y\ AW>E ( ! CREATION & 9T5TIONS ( ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' GR\P8 ,W]E Y\ 9 T\* ) !M8 ,PEIRATS3 ,?IS WAS A GR\P ?AT EM]G$ AT ! TIME ( ! ,MAY EV5TS4 ,9 FACT ITS ORIG9S1 ,I BELIEVE1 CAN BE TRAC$ BACK TO ! AUTUMN ( #a#i#c#f1 :5 ! CAMPAIGN = MILIT>IZATION />T$4 ,!RE W]E LOTS ( COMRADES AT ?AT TIME UNWILL+ TO MILIT>IZE & !Y QUIT ! FRONTS4 ,QUE/ION3 ,PRIOR TO ,DURRUTI'S DEA?8 ,PEIRATS3 ,YES1 BE=E ,DURRUTI'S DEA?1 BUT ESPECIALLY AFT]W>DS1 !RE W]E LOTS ( COMRADES :O REFUS$ TO BE MILIT>IZ$4 ,! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN WAS /ILL A ,MILITIAS UNIT1 NOT YET ! #b#f? ,DIVISION4 ,QUITE A FEW DEFI$ 9/RUCTIONS & RETURN$ TO ! RE>GU>D1 CREAT+ A C]TA9 CLIMATE !RE4 ,!SE W]E ! ONES ?AT F\CELONA1 & AL?\< !RE W]E O!R FI*I/S3 !Y W]E M]ELY REVOLUTION>IES & ?IS CREAT$ A C]TA9 MALAISE4 ,!Y W]E NOT WIDELY WELCOM$1 EV5 9 QU>T]S ?AT WE MIDS ! ,ORGANIZATION'S WAT*WORDS4 ,I AM M]ELY >TICULAT+ MY FEEL+S H]E4 ,AS ,I KNEW ! 9DIVIDUALS CONC]N$1 ,I NEV] HAD ANY REAL SYMPA?Y ) ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 BECAUSE ,I F\ND ITS LEAN+S V]Y AU?ORIT>IAN4 ,TALK ALONG ! L9ES ( 0,WE >E GO+ TO IMPOSE ?IS1 & :OEV] DOES NOT 444 WE WILL %OOT HIM0 /RUCK ME AS RA!R ,BOL%EVI/IC4 ,& = ?AT REASON ,I WAS NOT A FOLL[] ( !IRS4 ,I DID ATT5D SOME MEET+S1 BUT ALWAYS = DISCUSSIONS ) !M4 ,! ATTITUDES DISPLAY$ BY SOME ( !M 5SUR$ ?AT MANY ( US HELD BACK FROM HELP+ !M4 ,& !Y A*IEV$ NO?+4 ,!Y !MSELVES DEVALU$ !IR [N WORK4 ,! REAL WORK ( OPPOSITION1 !RE=E1 C>RI$ ON \TSIDE ( !M .<444.> ,9 ! 5D1 >\ND AB\T ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#g1 ,I FELT SO WE>Y1 BECAUSE ( ! CREEP+ C\NT]REVOLUTION EV]Y:]E1 & ,I /RUCK A H]OIC OR SUICIDAL POSE1 SAY+ TO MYSELF3 0,LET DEA? COME IF IT WILL1 BUT ,I AM (F TO ! FRONT40 ,(F ,I W5T AS A VOLUNTE]1 & FROM !N ON ,I TOOK NO FUR!R 9T]E/ 9 ! RE>GU>D4 ,PEIRATS'S TE/IMONY (F]S US ! KEY TO AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ RATIONALE & PSY*OLOGY4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 ACCORD+ TO ,PEIRATS1 W]E AU?ORIT>IANS & ,BOL%EVI/IC1 & ?AT WAS REASON 5\< TO HAVE NO TRUCK ) !M & EV5 TO GO TO ! EXTREME ( EMBRAC+ MILIT>ISM & ESP\S+ A SUICIDAL1 PASSIVE ATTITUDE TO ! PROGRESS ( ! B\RGEOIS C\NT]REVOLUTION4 ,PEIRATS1 :O1 :ILE 9 EXILE1 TOOK UPON HIMSELF ! ,C,N,T'S COMMISSION TO WRITE AN (FICIAL HI/ORY.<#a#c#h.> ( ! ,C,N,T DUR+ ! CIVIL W>1 C\LD NOT ACCEPT ?AT !RE IS NO?+ MORE AU?ORIT>IAN ?AN A SUCCESSFUL REVOLUTION4 ,BUT ?IS WAS A V]Y H>D LESSON = AN>*I/S TO TAKE ON BO>D4 ,DOES ALL ( ! ABOVE MEAN ?AT ! ,TROTSKYI/S HAD NO CONTACTS ) ,REBULL OR ) ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI8 ,NO4 ,9 ANY CASE ! ,P,\,M LEFT 7,REBULL7 & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 7,BALIUS7 HAD A MEET+ DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS1 BUT ! NUM]ICAL SLI ,AFT] ! ,MAY EV5TS1 ! ,GR\P WAS DIS[N$ BY ! ,C,N,T LEAD]%IP1 & AL?\< ITS MEMB]S W]E 9 ! 5D NOT EXPELL$ FROM ! ,C,N,T1 9S(> AS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ALWAYS RETA9$ A MEASURE ( SUPPORT 9 ! UNIONS' ASSEMBLIES1 !Y W]E D5I$ ! USE ( ! ,C,N,T PRESSES4 ,IT WAS ON ACC\NT ( ?IS ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P TURN$ TO ,REBULL1 ! ADM9I/RATIVE DIRECTOR ( ,LA ,BATALLA & ,$ICIONES ,M>XI/AS4 ,REBULL1 )\T EV5 BO!R+ TO CONSULT ! ,P,\,M LEAD]%IP1 & HONOR+ ! MO/ ELEM5T>Y -- ?\< NO LESS RISKY -- DUTY ( SOLID>ITY1 GRANT$ ! ,GR\P ACCESS TO ! ,P,\,M'S PRESSES SO ?AT !Y C\LD PR9T ! ,MANIFE/O :I* ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI DI/RIBUT$ 9 ,B>CELONA ON ,MAY #h4 .<#a#d.> ,MI ,H[EV] !SE CONTACTS W]E NOT CONF9$ TO A SIMPLE SWAPP+ ( ! UND]GR\ND PRESS PRODUC$ BY EA* GR\P4 ,! V>I\S ORGANIZATIONS \TLAW$ 9 ,JUNE #aicg KEPT 9 T\* & %>$ ASSETS & 9TELLIG5CE 9 ORD] TO /& UP TO ! REPRESSION & C>RY ON ! FIITY ) FELL[ REVOLUTION>IES4 ,SU* AS 9 ! ONGO+ CAMPAIGN CALL+ = SOLID>ITY ) ?OSE 9DICT$ 9 ! %[ TRIAL AGA9/ ! ,P,\,M4 ,OR ELSE ! 9TELLIG5CE ?AT ,CAPTA9 ,N>WITS* WAS A POLICE SPY -- 9TELLIG5CE PASS$ ON TO ! ,TROTSKYI/S BY MILITANTS FROM ! ,P,\,M4 ,!RE WAS ALSO ! UND]GR\ND PUBLICATION BY ! SAME PR9T] ,BALDOM]O ,PALAU ( ISSUE ,NO4 #c ( ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A & SEV]AL ISSUES ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ON PRESSES LOCAT$ 9 ! ,CALLE ,SALM]ON4.<#a#d#b.> ,AL?\< ! ,TROTSKYI/S & ! ,DURRUTI-I/S W]E NOT 9 T\* PRIOR TO ,MAY #a#i#c#g3 & AL?\< !Y M\NT$ NO JO9T ACTION DESPITE ! CONTACTS ?AT W]E E/ABLI%$ DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS & 9 ! 5SU+ WEEKS3 FROM ,JUNE ONW>DS AFT] ! PROSCRIPTION ( ! ,P,\,M1 ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S NEWSPAP] !RE WAS A P]IOD ( SOLID>ITY & COOP]ATION BETWE5 ! V>I\S UND]GR\ND ORGANIZATIONS & 9DE$ ( P]SONAL FRI5D%IPS BETWE5 !IR MILITANTS4.<#a#d#c.> ,SO WE MAY CONCLUDE ?AT AL?\< V>I\S GR\PS W]E 9 T\* ) ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI WE CANNOT /RICTLY SPEAK ( ANY SIGNIFICANT DECISIVE \TSIDE 9FLU5CE UPON ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI3 ,CONTACTS8 YES1 BUT 9FLU5CE8 ,NO4 ,WE HAVE ALREADY DEALT AT L5G? ) ! EXI/5CE ( CONTACTS BETWE5 ,TROTSKYI/S1 ,P,\,MI/S1 ,GR\P MEMB]S & AN>*I/ MILITANTS4 ,CONTACTS ?AT CONSI/$ NOT JU/ ( DISCUSSION & POLITICAL DEBATE1 EX*ANGE & DI/RIBUTION ( NEWSPAP]S BUT :I* ALSO CULM9AT$ 9 MEMORABLE HI<-RISK ACTS ( SOLID>ITY 9 ! FACE ( C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y & ,/AL9I/ REPRESSION4 ,A SOLID>ITY ?AT WAS CLOS] TO ! CAM>AD]IE.<#a#d#d.> AMONG ACTIVI/S ?AN ! IDEOLOGICAL OR ORGANIZATIONAL TYPE ( PROSELYTIZ+ 9FLU5CE IMAG9$ BY HI/ORIANS4 ,OR TO PUT IT 9 SU* A WAY ?AT IT MAY BE COMPREH5SIBLE EV5 TO ! MO/ FATU\S1 POMP\S1 LY+1 CONCEIT$ SANCTIMONI\S HYPOCRITE FROM ! CLOS$ & ILLU/RI\S GUILD ( ACADEMIC HI/ORIANS -- HELP WAS T5D]$ TO A COMRADE FROM A DIFF]5T ORGANIZATION SIMPLY BECAUSE HE HAD %[N ?AT HE 0HAD BALLS0 & NOT BECAUSE ( ANY AB/RACT 9DET]M9ATE DEGREE ( IDEOLOGICAL 9FLU5CE 9 PLAY4 ,H[EV]1 !RE MAY BE ?OSE :O CANNOT GRASP ! MEAN+ ( ! WORD SOLID>ITY BETWE5 REVOLUTION>IES4 "9"9 O ,*APT] #aa 3 ,CONCLUSIONS & ,CONCLUD+ ,NOTE #a#a4 ,CONCLUSIONS & ,CONCLUD+ ,NOTE ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P WAS AN AFF9ITY GR\P1 LIKE MANY ANO!R EXI/+ 9 AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ QU>T]S4 ,IT WAS NOT 9FLU5C$ TO ANY EXT5T BY ! ,TROTSKYI/S1 NOR BY ! ,P,\,M4 ,ITS IDEOLOGY & WAT*WORDS W]E QU9TESS5TIALLY 9 ! ,C,N,T IDIOM3 IT CANNOT BE SAID ?AT !Y DISPLAY$ A M>XI/ IDEOLOGY AT ANY TIME4 ,9 ANY EV5T1 !Y DISPLAY$ GREAT 9T]E/ 9 ! EXAMPLE ( ,M>AT DUR+ ! ,FR5* ,REVOLUTION1 & IT MAY BE FEASIBLE TO SPEAK ( !IR HAV+ BE5 P[]FULLY ATTRACT$ BY ! ASSEMBLYI/ MOVEM5T ( ! ,P>ISIAN SECTIONS1 BY ! SANS-CULOTTES1 ! ,5RAGES & ! REVOLUTION>Y GOV]NM5T ( ,ROBESPI]RE & ,SA9T-,JU/4 ,!IR OBJECTIVE WAS NO?+ LESS ?AN TO TACKLE ! ,C,N,T'S CONTRADICTIONS1 AF=D IT AN IDEOLOGICAL COH]5CE & WRE/ IT FROM ! CONTROL ( ITS P]SONALITIES & RESPONSIBLE COMMITTEES 9 ORD] TO RETURN IT TO ITS CLASS /RUGGLE ROOTS4 ,! ,GR\P HAD BE5 SET UP TO CRITICIZE & OPPOSE ! ,C,N,T'S POLICY ( CONCESSION AFT] CONCESSION1.<#a#d#e.> & ( C\RSE ! COLLABORATION ( AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S 9 ! C5TRAL & ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5TS4 ,!Y W]E AGA9/ ! AB&ONM5T ( REVOLUTION>Y OBJECTIVES & ( AN>*ISM'S FUNDAM5TAL & QU9TESS5TIAL IDEOLOGICAL PR9CIPLES1 :I* ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I LEAD]S HAD ?R[N OV] 9 FAVOR ( ANTIFASCI/ UNITY & ! NE$ TO ADAPT TO CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,)\T REVOLUTION>Y !ORY !RE IS NO REVOLUTION4 ,IF PR9CIPLES W]E GOOD = NO?+ O!R ?AN TO BE DISC>D$ AT ! FIR/ HURDLE ]ECT$ BY REALITY1 IT MI*O-SYNDICALISM IMAG9$ !MSELVES SKILLFUL NEGOTIATORS1 BUT !Y W]E MANIPULAT$ LIKE SO MANY PUPPETS4.<#a#d#f.> ,!Y =SWORE EV]Y?+ & 9 RETURN GOT 444 NO?+4 ,!SE W]E OPPORTUNI/S )\T OPPORTUNITY4 ,! UPRIS+ ( ,JULY #ai HAD NO REVOLUTION>Y P>TY CAPABLE ( TAK+ P[] & MAK+ REVOLUTION4 ,! ,C,N,T HAD NEV] CONSID]$ :AT WAS TO BE DONE ONCE ! >MY MUT9E]S HAD BE5 DEFEAT$4 ,! ,JULY VICTORY PLUNG$ ! AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ LEAD]S 9TO BEWILD]M5T & CONFUSION4 ,!Y HAD BE5 OV]TAK5 BY ! MASSES' REVOLUTION>Y DYNAMISM4 ,&1 NOT KN[+ :AT TO DO NEXT1 !Y AGRE$ TO ,COMPANYS'S SUGGE/ION ?AT !Y SET UP A ,POPUL> ,FRONT GOV]NM5T 9 CONJUNCTION ) ! O!R P>TIES4 ,& !Y POSIT$ A PHONY DILEMMA BETWE5 AN>*I/ DICTATOR%IP OR ANTIFASCI/ UNITY & COLLABORATION ) ! ,/ATE = ! PURPOSES ( W9N+ ! W>4 ,!Y HAD NO IDEA :AT TO DO ) P[]1 :5 ! FAILURE TO TAKE IT RESULT$ 9 ITS FALL+ 9TO ! B\RGEOISIE'S H&S4 ,! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION WAS ! TOMB ( AN>*ISM AS A REVOLUTION>Y !ORY ( ! PROLET>IAT4 ,SU* WAS ! ORIG9 & MOTIVATION BEH9D ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P4 ,H[EV]1 ! ,GR\P'S B\ND>IES W]E V]Y PLA9 & WELL-DEF9$4 ,AS W]E ITS LIMITATIONS1 TOO4 ,AT NO TIME DID !Y CONTEMPLATE A BREAK ) ! ,C,N,T4 ,ONLY UTT] IGNORANCE ( ! ORGANIZATIONAL ME*ANICS ( ! ,C,N,T C\LD LEAD US TO IMAG9E ?AT IT WAS POSSIBLE TO C>RY \T CRITICAL OR S*ISMATIC ACTIVITY ?AT W\LD NOT LEAD TO EXPULSION4 ,9 ! CASE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 EXPULSION WAS AV]T$ ?ANKS TO ! SYMPA?IES !Y 5JOY$ AMONG ! ,C,N,T RANK & FILE MEMB]%IP1 ALBEIT AT ! CO/ ( SEV]E O/RACISM & NE> ABSOLUTE ISOLATION4 ,! ULTIMATE AIM ( ! ,GR\P WAS TO CRITICIZE ! ,C,N,T LEAD]S & TO 5D ! POLICY ( ,C,N,T P>TICIPATION 9 GOV]NM5T4 ,!Y S\RICADE-FICELONA0 ON ,MAY #d1 #a#i#c#g1 ONLY TO RETURN TO ! FRONT 7AS DID ! ,P,\,M COLUMN L$ BY ,ROVIRA7 FOLL[+ OV]TURES MADE TO IT BY ,MOL9A4.<#a#d#g.> ,! HI< PO9T ( !IR ACTIVITIES WAS ! PO/] DI/RIBUT$ 9 LATE ,APRIL #a#i#c#g1 9 :I* ! OV]?R[ ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T & ITS REPLACEM5T BY A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA WAS URG$3 CONTROL ( SEV]AL B>RICADES 9 ! ,RAMBLAS DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS3 ! READ+ ( A CALL1 ADDRESS$ TO ALL ,EUROPE'S WORK]S1.<#a#d#h.> = SOLID>ITY ) ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION3 DI/RIBUTION >\ND ! B>RICADES ( ! FAM\S ,MAY #e? H&BILL3 & ! ASSESSM5T ( ! ,MAY DAYS 9 ! MANIFE/O ( ,MAY #h?4 ,BUT !Y W]E UNABLE TO PUT !SE SLOGANS 9TO PRACTICE4 ,!Y SUGGE/$ ! =MATION ( A COLUMN TO GO \T & HEAD (F TROOPS COM+ FROM ,VAL5CIA3 BUT !Y SOON AB&ON$ ! IDEA 9 VIEW ( ! COOL RECEPTION RECEIV$ BY ! PROPOSAL4 ,AFT] ! ,MAY EV5TS !Y BEGAN PUBLICATION ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 AL?\< !Y HAD BE5 DIS[N$ BY ! ,C,N,T & ! ,F,A,I4 ,9 ,JUNE #a#i#c#g1 AL?\< !Y HAD NOT BE5 \TLAW$ AS ! ,P,\,M HAD1 !Y SUFF]$ ! POLITICAL P]SECUTION ?AT HIT ! RE/ ( ! ,C,N,T'S MEMB]%IP4 ,!IR M\?PIECE ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO WAS PUBLI%$ CL&E/9ELY FROM ISSUE ,NO4 #b 7,MAY #b#f7 ONW>DS1 & ITS MANAG+ $ITOR ,JAIME ,BALIUS 5DUR$ A S]IES ( JAIL T]MS4 ,O!R ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI MEMB]S LO/ !IR PO/S OR !IR 9FLU5CE1 LIKE ,BRUNO ,LLADO1 A C\NCILOR ON ,SABADELL CITY C\NCIL4 ,MO/ ( ! ,DURRUTI-I/S HAD TO 5DURE ,F,A,I-SPONSOR$ ATTEMPTS.<#a#d#i.> TO HAVE !M EXPELL$ FROM ! ,C,N,T4 ,9 SPITE ( ALL ( :I* !Y C>RI$ ON ISSU+ !IR NEWSPAP] CL&E/9ELY & 9 MID-#a#i#c#h !Y ISSU$ ! PAMPHLET ,HACIA UNA NUEVA REVOLUCION1 BY :I* TIME ! C\NT]REVOLUTION'S SUCCESS HAD PROV$ F9AL & OV]:ELM+ & ! REPUBLICANS HAD ALREADY LO/ ! W>4 ,!IR *IEF TACTICAL PROPOSALS W]E SUMM$ UP 9 ! FOLL[+ SLOGANS3 TRADE UNION MANAGEM5T ( ! ECONOMY1 F$]ATION ( MUNICIPALITIES1 MILITIA-BAS$ >MY1 REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM1 REPLACEM5T ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD BY A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA1 CONC]T$ ,C,N,T-,F,A,I-,P,\,M ACTION4 ,IF WE HAD TO SUM UP ! HI/ORICAL & POLITICAL SIGNIFICANCE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 WE %\LD SAY ?AT IT WAS ! FAIL$ ATTEMPT1 ORIG9AT+ FROM )9 ! BOSOM ( ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T1 TO E/ABLI% A REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>D ?AT W\LD PUT PAID TO ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S COLLABORATIONISM & DEF5D & DEVELOP ! REVOLUTION>Y 0GA9S0 ( ,JULY4 ,! ATTEMPT WAS A FAILURE BECAUSE !Y %[$ !MSELVES 9CAPABLE1 NOT JU/ ( PUTT+ !IR SLOGANS 9TO PRACTICE1 BUT EV5 ( EFFECTIVELY DISSEM9AT+ !IR IDEAS & (F]+ PRACTICAL GUIDE-L9ES = CAMPAIGN+ ON BEHALF ( !M4 ,! ,GR\P WAS CON/ITUT$ AS AN ,F,A,I AFF9ITY GR\P4 ,P]HAPS ! T]ROR-/RICK5 B\RGEOISIE & ! DISGUIS$ PRIE/ REG>D$ !M AS SAVAGE BEA/S1 BUT !IR NUMB]S 9CLUD$ J\RNALI/S LIKE ,BALIUS & ,CALLEJAS1 MILITIA COLUMN COMM&]S LIKE ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC] & ,MAXIMO ,FRANCO & C\NCILORS LIKE ,BRUNO ,LLADO4 ,= !IR DI/ANT ORIG9S WE HAVE TO GO BACK TO ! LIB]T>IANS :O %>$ ! REVOLUTION>Y EXP]I5CE ( ! ,UPP] ,LLOBREGAT 9SURRECTION 9 ,JANU>Y #aicb & TO ! ,F,A,I'S 0,R5AC]0 AFF9ITY GR\P BETWE5 #aicd & #a#i#c#f4 ,!IR MORE IMM$IATE ROOTS LAY 9 ! OPPOSITION TO MILIT>IZATION ( ! MILITIAS 7ESPECIALLY 9 ! ,GELSA SECTOR & )9 ! ,IRON ,COLUMN7 & 9 ! DEF5SE ( REVOLUTION>Y GA9S & CRITICISM ( ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATIONISM AS SET \T 9 >TICLES PUBLI%$ 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 7BETWE5 ,JULY & E>LY ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f71 9 ,IDEAS& ,LA ,NO*E 7BETWE5 ,JANU>Y & ,MAY #a#i#c#g71 BY ,BALIUS 9 P>TICUL>4 ,!IR CAMPAIGN WEAPONS W]E ! H&BILL1 ! PO/]1 ! NEWSPAP] & ! B>RICADE3 BUT A SPLIT OR RUPTURE WAS NEV] CONTEMPLAT$ AS A WEAPON1 ANY MORE ?AN EXPOSURE ( ! ,C,N,T'S C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y ROLE1 OR1 DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS AT ANY RATE1 CONFRONT+ ! ,C,N,T LEAD]S 9 AN EF=T TO C\NT] ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S DEFEATI/ C\NSELS4 ,YET ! HI/ORICAL SIGNIFICANCE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI CANNOT BE D5I$4 ,& IT RESIDES PRECISELY 9 !IR /ATUS AS AN 9T]NAL OPPOSITION TO ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T'S COLLABORATIONI/ POLICY4 ,! POLITICAL IMPORTANCE ( !IR EM]G5CE WAS IMM$IATELY DETECT$ BY ,N91 :O DEVOT$ AN APPROV+1 HOPEFUL >TICLE TO !M1.<#a#e.> ON ! GR\NDS ?AT !Y HELD \T ! PROSPECT ( ! ,C,N,T MASSES' ESP\S+ A REVOLUTION>Y L9E & OPPOS+ ! ,C,N,T'S POLICY ( APPEASEM5T & COLLABORATION4 ,H5CE ! 9T]E/ :I* ! ,P,\,M & ,TROTSKYI/S.<#a#e#a.> DISPLAY$ 9 BR++ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI UND] !IR 9FLU5CE -- SOME?+ 9 :I* !Y NEV] SUCCE$$4 ,! MA9 !ORETICAL CONTRIBUTIONS ( ! ,GR\P TO AN>*I/ ?9K+ CAN BE SUMM$ UP AS !SE3 #a4 ,! NE$ = A REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM4 #b4 ,REPLACEM5T ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE BY A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA1 :I* MU/ /& BY TO DEF5D ! REVOLUTION FROM ! 9EVITABLE ATTACKS ( C\NT]REVOLUTION>IES4 ,AN>*I/S' TRADITIONAL APOLITICISM MEANT ?AT ! ,C,N,T LACK$ A !ORY ( REVOLUTION4 ,9 ! ABS5CE ( A !ORY1 !RE IS NO REVOLUTION1 & ! FAILURE TO ASSUME P[] MEANT ?AT IT WAS LEFT 9 ! H&S ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE4 ,9 ! E/IMATION ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P1 ! ,C,A,M,C 7,C5TRAL ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS ,COMMITTEE7 WAS A CLASS COLLABORATIONI/ AG5CY1 & S]V$ NO PURPOSE O!R ?AN TO PROP UP & RE9=CE ! B\RGEOIS ,/ATE :I* IT NEI!R C\LD NOR WI%$ TO DE/ROY4 ,H5CE ! ,FRI5DS' ADVOCACY ( ! NE$ TO SET UP A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA1 CAPABLE ( COORD9AT+1 C5TRALIZ+ & RE9=C+ ! P[] ( ! C\NTLESS WORK]S'1 LOCAL1 DEF5SE1 FACTORY1 MILITIANS' ETC4 COMMITTEES1 :I* ALONE HELD P[] BETWE5 ,JULY #ai & ,SEPTEMB] #b#f4 ,?IS P[] WAS DIFFUS$ ?R\< NUM]\S COMMITTEES1 :I* HELD ALL P[] LOCALLY1 BUT BY FAIL+ TO F$]ATE1 C5TRALIZE & RE9=CE ONE ANO!R1 W]E *ANNEL$1 :ITTL$ D[N & CONV]T$ BY ! ,C,A,M,C 9TO ,POPUL> ,FRONT C\NCILS1 9TO ! MANAGEM5T BO>DS ( UNIONIZ$ FIRMS & ! BATTALIONS ( ! ,REPUBLICAN >MY4 ,)\T UTT] DE/RUCTION ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE1 ! REVOLUTION>Y EV5TS ( ,JULY #aicf C\LD NOT HAVE OP5$ ! WAY TO A NEW /RUCTURE ( WORK]S' P[]4 ,! DECL9E & ULTIMATE DEMISE ( ! REVOLUTION>Y PROCESS WAS 9EVITABLE4 ,H[EV]1 ! T5SION BETWE5 ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S RE=MI/ AN>*ISM & ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S REVOLUTION>Y AN>*ISM WAS NOT PLA9 & />K 5\< TO PROVOKE A SPLIT :I* W\LD HAVE CL>IFI$ ! CONTRA/+ /ANCES ( !M BO?4 ,SO1 AL?\< ! POLITICAL ?9K+ SET \T BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI WAS AN ATTEMPT TO ACCOMMODATE ! REALITY ( ! W> & REVOLUTION 9 ,SPA9 )9 AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ IDEOLOGY1 ONE ( ! PRIM>Y GR\NDS ON :I* IT WAS REJECT$ BY ! ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP WAS ITS AU?ORIT>IAN1 0M>XI/0 OR 0,BOL%EVI/IC0 FLAVOR4 ,FROM :I* WE MAY CONCLUDE ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E TRAPP$ 9 A CUL DE SAC4 ,!Y C\LD NOT EMBRACE ! COLLABORATIONISM ( ! ,C,N,T'S LEAD]%IP CADRES & ! PROGRESS ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION3 BUT :5 !Y !ORIZ$ AB\T ! EXP]I5CES ( ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION1 ?AT IS1 CONCLUD$ ?AT !RE WAS A NE$ = A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA TO OV]?R[ ! B\RGEOIS REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD ( ,CATALONIA & USE =CE TO REPRESS ! AG5TS ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION1 !Y W]E DUBB$ M>XI/S & AU?ORIT>IANS1.<#a#e#b.> & !REBY LO/ ANY *ANCE !Y MI*O-SYNDICALISM'S !ORETICAL 9ABILITY TO FACE UP TO ! PROBLEMS POS$ BY ! W> & ! REVOLUTION4 ,WE CANNOT W9D UP ?IS /UDY )\T A CONCLUD+ NOTE EXPRESS+ \R POLITICAL REPUGNANCE & \R REPUDIATION1 9 \R CAPACITY AS READ]S ( HI/ORY1 ( ?OSE :O1 HID+ BEH9D !IR ALLEG$ ACADEMIC OBJECTIVITY1.<#a#e#c.> D>E TO DEFAME1 JUDGE1 CONDEMN1 9SULT & HOLD UP TO RIDICULE P]SONS & ORGANIZATIONS FROM ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T -- ALL FROM A B\RGEOIS /&PO9T1 :I* !Y ( C\RSE CONSID] TO BE SCI5TIFIC & IMP>TIAL1 AL?\< !Y MAY HAVE UTILIZ$ NO ME?ODOLOGY O!R ?AN MISREPRES5TATION ( ! FACTS & ! MO/ AS99E NONS5SE4 ,!RE MAY BE ?OSE :O TAKE ! L9E ?AT ! CRITICISMS >TICULAT$ H]E ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S & ! ,C,N,T'S POLITICAL /ANCES HAVE1 ON OCCASION1 BE5 V]Y H>%3 WE %ALL BE SATISFI$ IF !Y >E ALSO REG>D$ AS RIGOR\S & CLASS-BAS$1 & \R RESPONSE WILL BE ?AT ! REPRESSION ?AT ! DEFEAT ( ! PROLET>IAT BR\%]4 ,BALIUS WAS NOT ! CRIPPL$1 BLOOD?IR/Y OGRE AS :I* ! T]ROR ( ! B\RGEOIS & ! CL]IC DEPICT$ HIM 9 #a#i#c#g3 OR AS HE IS REPRES5T$ TODAY BY ! 0COMIC BOOKS0 FROM ! ,CATALANI/ PUBLI%+ H\SE ( ! ,B5$ICT9ES ( ,MONTS]RAT1 &_/OR ! UNW>RANT$ HOGWA% FROM QUITE A FEW ACADEMIC HI/ORIANS4 ,BALIUS WAS A MODE/1 9TELLIG5T1 HONE/ P]SON1 A COH]5T & 9TRANSIG5T & EXTREMELY COMMONS5SICAL REVOLUTION>Y4 ,BUT EV5 IF ,BALIUS HAD BE5 -- AS HE WAS NOT -- ! DEMON AS :I* ! T]RIFI$ CL]GY & B\RGEOISIE IMAG9$ HIM1 ?AT W\LD NOT HAVE ALT]$ \R ASSESSM5T ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ONE IOTA4 ,PRECISELY BECAUSE WE HAVE ACKN[L$G$1 ANALYZ$ & REPEAT$LY EMPHASIZ$ 9 ?IS WORK ! LIMITATIONS ( ! B& ( REVOLUTION>IES KN[N AS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P1 WE CANNOT CLOSE )\T PAY+ TRIBUTE TO ! MEMORY ( A WORK+ CLASS ORGANIZATION :I* EMBODI$ ! PROLET>IAT'S CLASS CONSCI\SNESS & :I* /ROVE1 AT A GIV5 PO9T1 & ) A FULL COMPLEM5T ( LIMITATIONS & %ORTCOM+S1 TO FILL ! ROLE ( A REVOLUTION>Y VANGU>D4 ,9 ,B>CELONA IT WAS & /ILL IS POSSIBLE TO OV]HE> EXPRESSIONS ( HATR$ & CONTEMPT RELAT+ TO ,DURRUTI & 0HIS FRI5DS0 COM+ FROM ! LIPS ( ! CLASS 5EMY3 H[EV]1 9 WORK+ CLASS CIRCLES1 ! MY?IC ,DURRUTI1 ! HUGE PROLET>IAN DEMON/RATION AT HIS FUN]AL1 ! 9DOMITABLE REBELLI\SNESS ( ! ,DURRUTI-I/S1 & ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ FEATS ( ,JULY #ai HAVE ALWAYS BE5 SPOK5 ( ) RESPECT4 ,DUR+ ! LONG NIK$ GRAVES ( ,DURRUTI & ,ASCASO4 ,IT IS NOT ! TASK ( ! HI/ORIAN TO RESPECT MY?3 BUT IT IS ! TASK ( ! HI/ORIAN TO CONFRONT DEFAMATION1 MISREPRES5TATION & 9SULT :5 !Y PASS !MSELVES (F AS HI/ORICAL N>RATIVE4 ,& AL?\< WE TACKLE ?AT ?ANKLESS TASK1 WE PREF] TO DRAW ! LESSONS ?AT MATT] TO ! CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,IT %\LD BE 5\< TO BE> TWO PICTURES 9 M9D4 ,9 ! FIR/1 WE SEE A HUMBLE1 P]SUASIVE1 LOQUACI\S ,COMPANYS ON ,JULY #ba 1 (F]+ TO MAKE ROOM = AN>*I/ LEAD]S 9 AN ,ANTIFASCI/ ,FRONT GOV]NM5T1 ON ! GR\NDS ?AT !Y HAD R\T$ ! MILIT>Y FASCI/S & P[] WAS 9 ! /REETS4 ,9 ! SECOND1 WE SEE A BRAZ51 CORN]$ ,COMPANYS BESEE*+ ! ,REPUBLICAN GOV]NM5T ON ,MAY #d TO ORD] ! AIR =CE TO BOMB ! ,C,N,T'S PREMISES4 ,! FILM ( ! REVOLUTION & ! W> IS RUNN+ BETWE5 !SE TWO PICTURES4 ,MAY #aicg WAS 9CUBAT$ 9 ,JULY #a#i#c#f4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P HAD REALIZ$ ?AT REVOLUTIONS >E TOTALIT>IAN OR >E DEFEAT$3 !RE9 LIES ITS GREAT M]IT4 "9"9 .<#a.> ,WRIT+ 9 ,IDEAS 7,BAJO ,LLOBREGAT7 ,NO #b#d1 ,JUNE #a#g1 #a#i#c#g1 P4 #d4 .<#b.> ,]NE/O ,BONOM9I WROTE AN EYEWITNESS ACC\NT ( ! ,MAY EV5TS 9 ,B>CELONA = ,VOLONTA ,NO #a#a1 ,MAY #a1 #a#i#d#g4 .<#c.> ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO #d1 ,JUNE #b#b1 #a#i#c#g1 P4 #c1 0,EL ASALTO A LA ,TELEFONICA04 .<#d.> ,SPANI% AN>*ISM WAS MORE COM=TABLE ) RADICAL CONTRA/S ?AN ) ! BLURR$ $GES CREAT$ BY1 SAY1 ! ANTIFASCI/ UMBRELLA1 OR1 E>LI]1 REPUBLICAN RALLIEM5T4 0,WE ,SPANI% AN>*O-SYNDICALI/S W]E FAI?FUL TO ! DIALECTICAL PR9CIPLE TO ! V]Y 5D4 ,LIB]AL OR RE=MI/ GOV]NM5T WE MADE AN ESPECIAL T>GET ( \R SPLE51 \T ( A SECRET FEEL+ ( COMPETITION4 ,WE W\LD RA!R UNEMPLOYM5T L9ES ?AN UNEMPLOYM5T B5EFIT4 ,GIV5 A *OICE BETWE5 5SLAVEM5T TO BOSSES & COOP]ATIVISM1 WE PREF]R$ ! =M]4 ,& EMPHATICALLY REJECT$ ! LATT]40 -- ,JOSE ,PEIRATS ,EXAM5 CRITICOCON/RUCTIVO DEL ,MOVIMI5TO ,LIB]T>IO ,ESPANOL 7,$ITORES ,MEXICANOS ,UNIDOS1 ,MEXICO ,D,F1 #a#i#f#g7 P4 #d#b4 .<#e.> ,IDEAS ,NO #d1 ,JANU>Y #b#a1 #a#i#c#g1 P4 #d4 .<#f.> ,RUTA 7,B>CELONA7 ,NO #a#c1 ,JANU>Y #g1 #a#i#c#g1 P4 #f1 0,C5TRALISMO40 .<#g.> ,BOLDLY DISPLAY$ ON ! FRONT PAGE ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO #b1 ,MAY #b#f1 #a#i#c#g1 WAS ?IS ITEM3 0,WE >E AGA9/ ANY >MI/ICE4 ,! BLOOD %$ BY ,SPANI% WORK]S IS AN IMPREGNABLE BULW>K UPON :I* ! 9TRIGUES SPONSOR$ BY HOMEGR[N POLITICIANS & CAPITALI/ DIPLOMATS >\ND ! WORLD WILL F\ND]4 ,VICTORY OR DEA?4 ,!RE IS NO O!R SOLUTION40 ,SIMIL> DEFIANCE ( SUSPECT$ 9TRIGUES DESIGN$ TO BR+ AB\T A DIPLOMATIC RESOLUTION ( ! W> & TAK+ ?+S \T ( ! H&S ( ,SPANI% WORK]S FEATUR$ 9 ,IDEAS1 ,RUTA & O!R PAP]S ALSO4 .<#h.> ,JOSE ,PEIRATS ,LA ,C,N,T 5 LA REVOLUCION ESPANOLA 7,$4 ,MADRE ,TI]RA1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#h#h1 ,VOL4 #a#a1 P4 #b#b7 CIT+ A ,C,N,T ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE RESUME ( ! ACCORDS REA*$ AT A NATIONAL PL5UM ( REGIONALS MEET+ ON ,MAY #b#c1 #a#i#c#g4 .<#i.> ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO #b1 #bf ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 P4 #c4 ,! ,FRI5DS PO9T$LY ADD$3 0,:5EV]1 9 CONTRAV5TION ( EV]Y CONF$]AL PRECEPT1 SOMEONE GOES OV] ! HEADS ( ASSEMBLIES & MILITANTS & SETS HIMSELF UP AS A G5]AL1 MAK+ MI/AKE AFT] MI/AKE1 HE HAS NO OPTION1 ASSUM+ HE HAS ANY %R$ ( DIGNITY LEFT1 BUT TO SET D[N4 ,G>CIA ,OLIV] FITS ?AT BILL60 .<#a.> ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO #h1 ,SEPTEMB] #b#a1 #a#i#c#g1 P4 #b4 0,! ADMISSION ( ,PE/ANA SETS ! SEAL UPON ! B\RGEOIS DEMOCRATIC M5TALITY 9 A BROAD SWA! ( CONF$]AL CIRCLES4 ,WAT* \T1 COMRADES40 .<#a#a.> ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO #d1 ,JUNE #b#b1 #a#i#c#g1 P4 #c1 0,5 DEF5SA PROPIA3 ,NECESITO UNA ACL>ACION40 0,I AM AXI/1 BECAUSE ,I AM #a P]C5T A REVOLUTION>Y40 ,?IS COMM5T SUGGE/S ?AT ,BALIUS REG>D$ M>XI/S AS BE+ SOME?+ %ORT ( #a P]C5T REVOLUTION>IES1 AL?\< ! ,FRI5DS W]E G5]\S 5\< TO RECOGNIZE ?AT ! ,P,\,M HAD ACQUITT$ ITSELF WELL 9 ! /REET-FICELONA 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,?IS REJECTION ( M>XISM W\LD HAVE APPLI$ NOT TO ! M>XIAN ANALYSIS ( CAPITALI/ ECONOMICS1 BUT TO ! M>XI/ RECIPE = *ANG+ SOCIETY1 NOT TO ! DESCRIPTIVE BUT TO ! PRESCRIPTIVE ELEM5T4 .<#a#b.> ,JOSE ,PEIRATS ,LA ,C,N,T 5 LA REVOLUCION ESPANOLA ,VOL #a#a1 P4 #a#d#g4 ,PEIRATS REPRODUCES A TEXT :I* OP5S 0,A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA HAS BE5 =M$ . 9 ,B>CELONA40 ,CES> ,M4 ,LOR5ZO REPRODUCES ?IS TEXT GIV5 BY ,PEIRATS4 ,BUT ! ,PEIRATS TEXT IS NOT A QUOTATION BUT A MI/AK5 P>APHRASE4 .<#a#c.> ,CES> ,M4 ,LOR5ZO ,LOS AN>QUI/AS ESPANOLES Y EL POD] 7,RU$O ,IB]ICO1 ,P>IS1 #a#i#g#b7 P4 #b#a#i1 N4 #c#b4 .<#a#d.> ,! FULL TEXT ( ! LEAFLET FROM :I* ,LOR5ZO QUOTES CAN BE F\ND 9 ,H5RI ,*AZE ,*RONIQUE DE LA REVOLUTION ESPAGNOLE3 ,UNION ,COMMUNI/E 7#a#i#c#c-#a#i#c#i7 7,P>IS1 ,CAHI]S ,SP>TACUS1 #a#i#g#i7 PP4 #a#a#d-#a#a#e4 ,JUAN ,GOMEZ ,CASAS ,AN>*I/ ,ORGANIZATION3 ,! ,HI/ORY ( ! ,F,A,I 7,BLACK ,ROSE ,BOOKS1 ,MONTREAL-,BUFFALO1 #a#i#h#f1 P4 #b#a7 UNCRITICALLY REPRODUCES ,LOR5ZO'S CURI\S FOOTNOTE AS IF IT W]E A ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI TEXT4 .<#a#e.> ,H5RI ,*AZE1 OP4 CIT4 P4 #hb 7FROM ,L'LNT]NATIONALE ,NO #c#c1 ,DECEMB] #a#h1 #a#i#c#g4 .<#a#f.> ,EXASP]ATION ) !IR REPUBLICAN 0ALLIES0 WAS WIDESPREAD BY ! SUMM] ( #aicg & BE=E4 ,!RE W]E EV5 EMB>RASS$ >GUM5TS AB\T ! +5U\SNESS ( AN>*I/S4 0,LET US MAKE V]Y PLA9 ! PR9CIPLE ?AT WE [E NO LOYALTY TO HIM :O IS DISLOYAL ) US3 ?AT WE [E NO RESPECT TO HIM :O SECRETLY BETRAYS US1 ?AT WE HAVE NO DUTY ( TOL]ANCE TO ANYONE DISPOS$ TO CO]CE US JU/ AS SOON AS HE IS /RONG 5\< TO DO SO & GET AWAY ) IT1 ?AT PR9CIPLE CANNOT OBLIGE US TO RESPECT ! FRE$OM ( HIM :OSE PR9CIPLE IS TO TAKE AWAY \R FRE$OM0 7,BEOBA*T]1 9 ,IDEAS ,NO #b#i1 ,AUGU/ #f1 #a#i#c#g74 .<#a#g.> ,SUSANA ,TAV]A & ,5RIC ,UCELAY ,DA ,CAL 0,GRUPOS DE AF9IDAD1 DISCIPL9A BELICA Y P]IODISMO LIB]T>IO #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#h0 9 ,HI/ORIA ,CONTEMPORANEA1 #i1 7,S]VICIO ,$4 ,UNIV]SIDAD DEL ,PAIS ,VASCO1 #a#i#i#c7 PP4 #a#h#d4 .<#a#h.> ,! MO/ IMPORTANT /UDIES ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P >E3 ,FRANCISCO ,MANUEL ,>&A3 0,LES AMIS DE ,DURRUTI0 9 ,CAHI]S ,LEON ,TROTSKY ,NO4 #a 7#a#i#h#b72 ,JORDI ,>QU]3 ,HI/ORIA DE LA FUNDACIO I ACTUACIO DE LA 0,AGRUPACION ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI0 ,UNPUBLI%$2 ,GEORGES ,FONT5IS3 ,LE MESSAGE REVOLUTIONNAIRE DES 0,AMIS DE ,DURRUTI0 7,$ITIONS ,L1 ,P>IS1 #a#i#h#c72 ,FRANK ,M9TZ & ,MANUEL ,PEC9A3 ,LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI1 LOS TROTSQUI/AS Y LOS SUCESOS DE MAYO 7,CAMPO ,ABI]TO1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#g#h72 ,PAUL ,%>KEY3 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI3 ,A ,*RONOLOGY 7,$ITORIAL ,CRISOL1 ,TOKYO1 ,MAY #a#i#h#d7 .<#a#i.> ,ACCORD+ TO AN AFFIDAVIT BY ,JAUME ,ANTON ,AIGUAD]1 NEPHEW ( ,>TEMI ,AIGUAD]1 SIGN$ 9 ! PRES5CE ( WITNESSES 9 ,MEXICO ,CITY ON ,AUGU/ #i1 #a#i#d#f3 0,AT ! TIME ( ! ,MAY EV5TS1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T ASK$ = AIRCRAFT FROM ,SPA9 9 ORD] TO BOMB ! ,C,N,T BUILD+S & ! LATT] REFUS$ ! REQUE/40 ,?IS /ATEM5T IS BORNE \T BY ! TELETYPE MESSAGES EX*ANG$ BETWE5 ,COMPANYS & ! C5TRAL GOV]NM5T4 ,9 ?OSE MESSAGES1 ON ,TUESDAY1 ,MAY #d1 #a#i#c#g1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD ,PRESID5T 9=M$ ! CAB9ET UND]-SECRET>Y ?AT ! REBELS HAD BR\TILL]Y \T ON TO ! /REETS1 & HE ASK$ ?AT ,LIEUT5ANT-,COLONEL ,FELIPE ,DIAZ ,S&9O1 COMM&] ( ! ,PRAT DE ,LLLOBREGAT MILIT>Y AIR BASE1 BE 9/RUCT$ TO PLACE HIMSELF AT ! DISPOSAL ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T3 0,G5]ALIDAD ,PRESID5T 9=MS CAB9ET UND]-SECRET>Y ?AT REBELS HAVE BR\ .<#b.> ,ACCORD+ TO ! TE/IMONY ( ,DIEGO ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN4 .<#b#a.> ,SEE ,G>CIA ,OLIV]'S ANSW]S 7:I* DATE FROM ! FIR/ HALF ( #a#i#e7 TO A QUE/IONNAIRE FROM ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT5 .3 0,) REG>D TO ! ,FEBRU>Y ELECTIONS1 ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I ADOPT$ ! FOLL[+ L9E1 :I* WAS P$DL$ ?R\<\T ,SPA9 AT RALLIES AS WELL AS 9 WRIT+4 ,! =?COM+ ELECTIONS >E GO+ TO BE DECISIVE = ! ,SPANI% PEOPLE4 ,IF ! WORK+ CLASS VOTES = ! LEFT1 ! LATT] WILL TAKE P[]1 BUT WE WILL HAVE TO CONFRONT AN UPRIS+ BY ! MILIT>Y & ! RIT ADVISE ! WORK+ CLASS TO DO AS IT PLEASES ) REG>D TO VOT+1 BUT WE SAY TO IT1 ?AT IF IT DOES NOT VOTE = ! LEFT1 BE=E SIX MON? WILL HAVE ELAPS$ FROM ! LAT]'S VICTORY1 WE %ALL HAVE TO RESI/ ! FASCI/ RIS BE5 ADVIS$ BY ! ,C,N,T NOT TO VOTE1 PLAC$ UPON \R PROPAG&A ! CON/RUCTION WE WANT$1 :I* IS TO SAY1 ?AT IT %\LD VOTE1 9 ?AT IT W\LD ALWAYS BE BETT] TO /& UP TO ! FASCI/ RIY #aicf ELECTIONS4 ,COMPANYS BECAME ! GOV]NM5T 9 ,CATALONIA & ! LEFT BECAME ! GOV]NM5T ( ,SPA94 ,WE HAD HONOR$ \R COMMITM5TS1 BUT !Y HONOR$ NONE ( !IRS1 9 ?AT !Y ISSU$ NOT ONE WEAPON1 NOR DID !Y TAKE ANY PREEMPTIVE ACTION AGA9/ ! FASCI/ MILIT>Y PLOT40 .<#b#b.> ,SEE ! EX*ANGE BETWE5 ,COMPANYS & ,ESC(ET 9 ! WAKE ( ! CRU%+ ( ! FASCI/S' REBELLION3 0,MR ,PRESID5T0 -- ,I SAID TO HIM -- 0,I BR+ Y\ (FICIAL WORD ?AT ! REBELLION HAS BE5 COMPLETELY DEFEAT$ .< 444 .>0 0,GOOD1 ,ESC(ET1 V]Y GOOD0 -- ! ,PRESID5T REPLI$ -- 0,BUT ! SITUATION IS *AOTIC4 ,UNCONTROLL$ >M$ RIFFRAFF HAVE 9VAD$ ! /REETS & >E COMMITT+ ALL SORTS ( \TRAGES4 ,& ANYWAY1 ! ,C,N,T1 HEAVILY >M$1 IS MA/] ( ! CITY4 ,:AT CAN WE DO AGA9/ !M80 0,= ! TIME BE+1 WE HAVE ALL BE5 SWEPT ALONG1 9CLUD+ ! ,C,N,T LEAD]S !MSELVES4 ,! ONLY SOLUTION1 ,MR ,PRESID5T1 IS TO CONTA9 ! SITUATION POLITICALLY1 )\T LETT+ ANY ( \R RESPECTIVE AU?ORITIES GO BY ! BO>D4 ,IF Y\1 = Y\R P>T1 CAN SUCCE$ 9 ?AT1 ,I UND]TAKE TO TAKE *>GE ( ,B>CELONA :5EV] Y\ ORD] ME SO TO DO OR :5 CIRCUM/ANCES P]MIT40 .<,F$]ICO ,ESC(ET3 ,DE UNA D]ROTA A UNA VICTORIA 3 #f DE OCTUBRE DE #a#i#c#d-#a#i DE JULIO DE #aicf 7,$4 ,>GOS-,V]G>A1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#h#d1 P4 #c#e#b7.> .<#b#c.> ,G>CIA ,OLIV] ADDRESSES MANY ( !SE QUE/IONS DIRECTLY OR 9DIRECTLY 9 HIS ACC\NT ( ! 9T]VIEW ) ,COMPANYS3 0,! MILIT>Y-FASCI/ UPRIS+ HAD COME JU/ AS WE HAD PR$ICT$4 ,COMPANYS RETREAT$ 9TO ! ,POLICE ,HEADQU>T]S 9 ,B>CELONA1 :]E ,I SAW HIM AT1 IT MU/ HAVE BE51 SEV5 9 ! MORN+ ON ,JULY #a#i1 T]RIFI$ ( ! CONSEQU5CES ( :AT HE C\LD SEE COM+1 9 ?AT HE ANTICIPAT$ ?AT1 ONCE ALL ( ! TROOP REGIM5TS 9 ,B>CELONA HAD REVOLT$1 !Y W\LD EASILY SWEEP ASIDE ALL RESI/ANCE4 ,H[EV]1 ALMO/ S+LE-H&$LY1 ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I =CES HELD \T = ?OSE TWO MEMORABLE DAYS1 & AFT] AN EPIC & BITT] /RUGGLE .<444.> WE DEFEAT$ ALL ! REGIM5TS .<444.> ,= ALL !SE REASONS1 ,COMPANYS WAS BEWILD]$ & %OCK$ TO F9D ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S REPRES5TATIVES BE=E HIM4 ,BEWILD]$ BECAUSE ALL HE C\LD ?9K AB\T WAS ! HEAVY RESPONSIBILITY HE HAD ) REG>D TO US & ! ,SPANI% PEOPLE BECAUSE ( HIS FAILURE TO HE$ ALL \R =ECA/S4 .<444.> ,%OCK$1 BECAUSE AL?\< !Y HAD NOT HONOR$ ! COMMITM5TS !Y HAD GIV5 US1 ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I 9 ,B>CELONA & 9 ,CATALONIA HAD BEAT5 ! REBELS .<444.> ,SO1 :5 HE S5T = US1 ,COMPANYS TOLD US3 0,I KN[ ?AT Y\ HAVE LOTS ( GR\NDS = COMPLA9T & ANNOYANCE :]E ,I AM CONC]N$4 ,I HAVE OPPOS$ Y\ GREATLY & FAIL$ TO APPRECIATE Y\ = :AT Y\ >E4 ,H[EV]1 IT IS NEV] TOO LATE = AN HONE/ APOLOGY & M9E1 :I* ,I AM N[ GO+ TO (F] Y\1 IS TANTAM\NT TO A CONFESSION3 HAD ,I APPRECIAT$ Y\R WOR?1 MAYBE ! CIRCUM/ANCES N[ W\LD BE DIFF]5T2 BUT IT IS TOO LATE = ?AT N[1 & Y\ ALONE HAVE DEFEAT$ ! REBEL MILIT>Y & 9 ALL LOGIC Y\ \RY ON ?IS FI :O >E ! W9N]S40 ,= \R P>T1 & ?IS WAS ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S VIEW1 WE HELD ?AT ,COMPANYS %\LD /AY ON AS HEAD ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD1 PRECISELY BECAUSE WE HAD NOT TAK5 TO ! /REETS TO FICIA ,OLIV]'S #aie ANSW]S TO ,BOLLOT5'S QUE/IONNAIRE1 ON DEPOSIT AT ! ,HOOV] ,9/ITUTION4.> ,G>CIA ,OLIV]'S TE/IMONY DES]VES TO BE SET ALONGSIDE ?AT ( ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y3 0,9 NO ONE'S WILDE/ IMAG9+S1 NOT EV5 ?OSE ( ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ! MO/ ,BOL%EVIK ( US ALL1 DID ! IDEA ( TAK+ REVOLUTION>Y P[] >ISE4 ,IT WAS LAT]1 :5 ! SCALE ( ! UPHEAVAL & ! PEOPLE'S 9ITIATIVES BECAME PLA91 ?AT !RE BEGAN TO BE DEBATE AB\T :E!R OR NOT WE %\LD GO = BROKE40 .<,ABEL ,PAZ3 ,DURRUTI3 ,EL PROLET>IADO 5 >MAS 7,BRUGU]A1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#g#h1 PP4 #c#h#a-#c#h#b7.> .<#b#d.> ,AMONG ! MO/ 9T]E/+ ( !SE >E ! AN>*I/ ,ABEL ,PAZ 7,DURRUTI3 ,EL PROLET>IADO 5 >MAS71 ! ,CIVIL ,GU>D ,FRANCISCO ,LACRUZ 7,EL ALZAMI5TO1 LA REVOLUCION Y EL T]ROR 5 ,B>CELONA71 ! BOOK1 CIT$ ABOVE1 BY ,ESC(ET1 ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S COMMISS> = PUBLIC ORD]1 & ! MEMOIRS ( ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN & ,G>CIA ,OLIV]4 ,AS = /&>D TEXTS1 WE SIMPLY CANNOT FAIL TO M5TION ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT5 ,LA ,GU]RA CIVIL ESPANOLA3 ,REVOLUCION Y CONTR>REVOLUCION 7,ALIANZA ,$ITORIAL1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#h#i7 & ,PI]RE ,BR\E ,/AL9E ET LA REVOLUTION4 ,LE CAS ESPAGNOL 7,FAY>D1 ,P>IS1 #a#i#i#c74 .<#b#e.> ,& :I* >E ( C\RSE ! EXPRESSION ( A GIV5 POLITICAL VIEWPO9T1 :I* MAY OR MAY NOT BE %>$1 BUT :I* WE SET \T PLA9LY H]E = :AT IT IS1 )\T PRET5D+ TO OR 9VOK+ ANY NONEXI/5T1 HACKNEY$ ACADEMIC OBJECTIVITY4 .<#b#f.> ,& ! ,PEOPLE'S ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE 9 ,VAL5CIA OR ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE 9 ,MADRID4 .<#b#g.> ,SEE ,BALIUS'S >GUM5TS3 0! E/ABLI%M5T ( COMMITTEES ( WORK]S1 PEASANTS1 MILITIANS & SAILORS WAS AN 9/ANTANE\S REACTION TO ! DE/RUCTION ( ! CAPITALI/ MA*9]Y ( CO]CION4 ,!RE WAS NOT A S+LE FACTORY1 WORK+ CLASS DI/RICT1 VILLAGE1 MILITIAS BATTALION OR VESSEL :]E A COMMITTEE WAS NOT SET UP4 ,! COMMITTEE WAS ! ULTIMATE AU?ORITY1 :OSE ORD9ANCES & AGREEM5TS HAD TO BE ABID$ BY4 ,ITS JU/ICE1 REVOLUTION>Y JU/ICE1 TO ! EXCLUSION ( EV]Y O!R 74447 ! ONLY LAW WAS ! IMP]I\S REQUIREM5TS ( ! REVOLUTION4 ,MO/ ( ! COMMITTEES W]E DEMOCRATICALLY ELECT$ BY ! WORK]S1 MILITIANS1 SAILORS & PEASANTS1 REG>DLESS ( D5OM9ATION1 !REBY REPRES5T+ PROLET>IAN DEMOCRACY1 SUP]S$+ A TREA*]\S B\RGEOIS P>LIAM5T>Y DEMOCRACY4 ,9 %ORT1 !RE WAS BUT ONE P[] 9 ! WORKPLACE3 LABOR & ! WORK]S4 ,G5]ALLY1 EXPROPRIATION ( ! B\RGEOISIE & L&[N]S WAS C>RI$ \T AS ! COMMITTEES W]E E/ABLI%$ 74447 !RE WAS A SIMIL> TRANSF] ( P[]S ) REG>D TO >MS4 74447 ,MILITIAS W]E SET UP 74447 ,CONTROL PATROLS W]E F\ND$ TO SEE TO ! MA9T5ANCE ( ! NASC5T1 NEW REVOLUTION>Y ORD] 74447 ,! ,SPANI% PROLET>IAT'S ANSW] 74447 WAS HIIAT SET ITSELF UP AS ! C\NTRY'S >BIT] 744470 7,JAIME ,BALIUS 0,RECORD&O JULIO DE #a#i#c#f0 9 ,LE ,COMBAT SYNDICALI/E ( ,APRIL #a1 #a#i#g#a7 .<,?IS >TICLE BY ,BALIUS LIFTS :OLE S5T5CES1 WORD = WORD1 FROM PAGES #b#i#b-#b#i#d ( ,G4 ,MUNIS'S BOOK ,JALONES DE D]ROTA1 PROMESA DE VICTORIA 7,Z]O1 ,BILBAO1 #a#i#g#g7.> .<#b#h.> ,SEE1 = 9/ANCE1 ! %>P & RADICAL ALT]NATIVE POSIT$ BY ,G>CIA ,OLIV]3 0,BETWE5 SOCIAL REVOLUTION & ! ,MILITIAS' ,COMMITTEE1 ! ,ORGANIZATION PLUMP$ = ! ,MILITIAS ,COMMITTEE40 7,JUAN ,G>CIA ,OLIV] ,EL ECO DE LOS PASOS ,RU$O ,IB]ICO1 ,P>IS-,B>CELONA1 #a#i#g#h1 P4 #a#h#h7 .<#b#i.> ,MUNIS CONT5DS ?AT AFT] ! ,JULY EV5TS ALL ?AT REMA9$ WAS ! GOV]N+ P[] ( ! COMMITTEES3 0,IF ! SITUATION 9 ! WEEKS FOLL[+ ,JULY #ai IS TO BE *>ACT]IZ$ MORE PRECISELY1 IT HAS TO BE DEF9$ AS P[] DIFFUS$ 9TO ! H&S ( ! PROLET>IAT & ! PEASANTS4 ,!SE W]E FULLY COGNIZANT ( !IR LOCAL P[]1 AL?\< !Y LACK$ APPRECIATION ( ! NE$ TO COORD9ATE !IR P[] ACROSS ! C\NTRY4 ,= ITS P>T1 DUR+ ?OSE FIR/ WEEKS1 ! B\RGEOIS ,GOV]NM5T LACK$ ! CAPACITY & WILL TO COMBAT ! NASC5T WORK]S' P[]4 ,!RE CAN BE NO TALK ( DUALITY UNTIL LAT]1 :5 ! ,POPUL> ,FRONT GOV]NM5T CAME TO1 REALIZ$ ?AT IT HAD SURVIV$1 M>%AL$ >\ND ITSELF :ATEV] >M$ =CES IT C\LD MU/] & SET AB\T CONTE/+ P[] ) ! COMMITTEES ( ! PROLET>IAT & PEASANTS40 7,G4 ,MUNIS 0,SIGNIFICADO HI/ORICO DEL #ai DE JULIO0 9 ,CONTRA LA CORRI5TE ,NO4 #f1 ,MEXICO1 ,AUGU/ #a#i#d#c47 ,WE %ALL NOT H]E 5T] 9TO ANALYSIS ( ! DUAL P[] !SIS ADVANC$ BY ,MUNIS = ! P]IOD FOLL[+ ,JULY #a#i1 #a#i#c#f1 :I* IS TO SAY1 = ! P]IOD BETWE5 E>LY ,OCTOB] #aicf & ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,! DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! POSITION ( ! ,ITALIAN ,FRACTION & ,MUNIS'S POSITION RESIDES 9 ! FACT ?AT ! ,BORDIGUI/S RECKON$ ?AT1 9 ! ABS5CE ( UTT] DE/RUCTION ( ! CAPITALI/ ,/ATE1 !RE CAN BE NO TALK ( REVOLUTION1 :]EAS ,MUNIS TOOK ! L9E ?AT ! B\RGEOIS ,/ATE HAD BE5 MOM5T>ILY ECLIPS$4 ,WE SIMPLY PO9T \T ! DISCREPANCY & %ALL DELVE NO FUR!R 9TO ! ISSUE4 ,:AT WE >E CONC]N$ TO 9DICATE H]E IS ! ROLE PLAY$ BY ! ,C,A,M,C AS A CLASS COLLABORATIONI/ AG5CY4 .<#c.> ,?IS HAS BE5 EXPLICITLY /AT$ BY1 AMONG O!RS1 FIGURES AS PROM95T & SIMULTANE\SLY SO POLITICALLY DIV]G5T AS ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 ,N91 ,T>RADELLAS1 ,AZANA & ,BALIUS HIMSELF4 ,SEE ESPECIALLY ,N9'S >TICLE 0,EL PROBLEMA DE LOS ORGANOS DE POD] 5 LA REVOLUCION ESPANOLA10 PUBLI%$ 9 ,FR5* 9 ,JUILLET4 ,RVUE 9T]NATIONALE DU ,P,\,M ,NO4 #a1 ,B>CELONA-,P>IS1 ,JUNE #a#i#c#g4 .<#c#a.> ,SEE ,JUAN ,G>CIA ,OLIV] ,EL MOVIMI5TO LIB]T>IO 5 ,ESPANA 7#b7 ,COLECCION DE ,HI/ORIA ,ORAL4 ,FUNDACION ,SALVADOR ,SEGUI1 ,MADRID1 UNDAT$4 .<#c#b.> ,SEE ! DETAIL$ DESCRIPTION (F]$ BY ,ABEL ,PAZ3 ,VIAJE AL PASADO 7#a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i7 7,$4 DEL ,AUTOR1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#i#e1 PP4 #f#c-#f#d73 ,! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES :I*1 ) ! >MY C\P ATTEMPT1 HAD TURN$ 9TO ,REVOLUTION>Y ,COMMITTEES1 ONCE ! ,C5TRAL ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS ,COMMITTEE ( ,CATALONIA HAD BE5 LAUN*$1 HAD IGNOR$ ! LATT]'S AU?ORITY & !IR ACTIVITIES HAD L$ TO A LOCAL OR*E/RATION1 BAS$ 9 ! ,CASA ,C,N,T-,F,A,I ITSELF1 MAK+ !SE COMMITTEES A P[] )9 ! P[] ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I HI<] COMMITTEES2 BUT !Y W]E A REAL P[]1 GREAT] EV5 ?AN ! P[] ( ! HI<] COMMITTEES4 ,EA* DI/RICT COMMITTEE HAD ITS [N DEF5SE GR\PS AT ITS DISPOSAL4 ,GR\PS COMPRIS$ AN 9DET]M9ATE MEMB]%IP ?AT C\LD OSCILLATE BETWE5 SIX & T54 ,EV]Y ONE ( !SE COMRADES HAD A RIFLE & EV5 A PI/OL KEPT P]MAN5TLY 9 HIS C>E4 ,! ,CLOT DI/RICT1 :]E ,I OP]AT$1 BOA/$ #ae DEF5SE GR\PS1 :I*1 AT A CONS]VATIVE E/IMATE1 MEANT >\ND A HUNDR$ RIFLES4 ,BUT TO ?IS /R5G? MU/ BE ADD$ ! FACTORY GR\PS1 ) !IR ROOTS 9 ! ,CLOT DI/RICT2 !SE TOO HAD !IR [N DEF5SE GR\PS ) !IR [N WEAPONS1 UP TO & 9CLUD+ MA*9E-GUNS4 ,F9ALLY1 ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\? GR\PS & AN>*I/ GR\PS ALSO HAD TO BE 9CLUD$4 ,?IS MOTLEY ASSORTM5T WAS ! MAT]IAL ) :I* \R DI/RICT'S ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE HAD TO WORK4 .<#c#c.> ,SEE1 = 9/ANCE1 ,G>CIA ,OLIV]'S ?REAT5+ & CONTEMPTU\S SNUBB+ ( ,COMPANYS :5 ! LATT] CALL$ AT ! ,C,A,C,M HEADQU>T]S ON ,JULY #b#e? TO REGI/] A PROTE/ AT ! CIVIL DISORD] & ! ACTIVITIES ( UNCONTROLLABLES1 9 ,JUAN ,G>CIA ,OLIV] ,EL ,ECO DE LOS ,PASOS OP4 CIT4 PP4 #a#i#c-#a#i#d4 .<#c#d.> ,AS SPELL$ \T 9 ! !SIS ON ! NATURE ( ! REVOLUTION & ! ,SPANI% CIVIL W> SET \T 9 ,*APT] #b ( ?IS $ITION 7,NO4 #c7 ( ,BALANCE4 ,SEE ALSO ,NO4 #a ( ,BALANCE1 :I* EXAM9ES ! !SES ( ! ,ITALIAN ,FRACTION 7,BORDIGUI/S7 ON ! ,SPANI% CIVIL W>4 .<#c#e.> ,SEE ! DEFAMATORY REM>KS AB\T ! ,CATALAN AN>*I/ MOVEM5T & ! ALLEGATIONS MADE AGA9/ ,JAIME ,BALIUS OR ,ANTONIO ,M>T91 :O >E DEPICT$ AS SAVAGE OGRES BY ,H4 ,RAGU]1 ,J4,M4 ,SOLE & ,J4 ,VILL>ROYA1 :O ESP\SE A 0NEUTRALITY0 :I* IS B\RGEOIS1 SANCTIMONI\S & ,CATALANI/4 ,SEE1 = 9/ANCE1 ! UTT]LY EXTRAVAGANT ACCUSATIONS1 DISSEV]$ FROM ! CONTEXT ( A REVOLUTION>Y SITUATION PROP]1 LEVEL$ AT ,BALIUS ON PAGES #b#e#f-#b#e#h ( ! BOOK BY ! ,B5$ICT9E FRI> ,H4 ,RAGU] ,DIV5DRES DE PASSIO 4 ,VIDA I MORT DE ,C>RASCO I ,=MIGU]A 7,PUB4 ,ABADIA ,MONTS]RAT1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#h#d7 & ON PAGES #fg & #fh ( ,LA REPRESSIO A LA R]AGU>DA DE ,CATALUNYA 7#a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i7 7,PUB4 ,ABADIA ,MONTS]RAT1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#h#i7 BY ,J4,M4 ,SOLE ,SABATE & ,J4 ,VILL>ROYA ,FONT4 ,ALSO WOR? M5TION+ IS A LITTLE VOLUME (F]+ A ,CATALANI/ V]SION ( ! AN>*I/ GOV]NM5T ( ,C]DANIA1 :I* 9VOLV$ COMPLETE AN>*I/ CONTROL ( ! BORD] ) ,FRANCE1 & ( ! BLOODY 9CID5TS 9 ,BELV]1 7A DIRECT PREC$5T ( ! ,MAY ,EV5TS 9 ,B>CELONA71 FOLL[+ :I* ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T MANAG$ TO CAPTURE ABSOLUTE CONTROL 9 ?AT BORD] REGION4 ,SEE ,J4 ,PONS I ,PORTA & ,J4,M4 ,SOLE I ,SABATE ,AN>QUIA I ,REPUBLICA A LA ,C]DANYA 7#a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i7 ,EL 0,COJO DE ,MALAGA0 I ELS FETS DE ,BELLV] 7,PUB4 ,ABADIA ,MONTS]RAT1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#i#a74 ,IT HAS TO BE /RESS$ ?AT ALL ( !SE BOOKS HAVE BE5 PUBLI%$ BY ! PUBLI%+ H\SE ( ! ,MONTS]RAT ,MONA/]Y1 :I* ( C\RSE SUGGE/S PLA9 IDEOLOGICAL S]VILITY1 :I* WE REFUSE TO ACCEPT AS VALID 9 ANY 0OBJECTIVE0 EVALUATION ( ,JAIME ,BALIUS & ,ANTONIO ,M>T91 MU* LESS !IR CON/ANT DELIRIUM1 DEFAMATION & PREJUDICES ) REG>D TO ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T4 ,SEE TOO ! NONS5SE & \TRAGE\S REM>KS AB\T ,BALIUS1 & ! D]OGATORY REM>KS AB\T ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T1 UTT]$ FROM A P$ANTIC1 ACADEMIC P]SPECTIVE1 9CAPABLE ( COMPREH5D+ ! MEAN+ 9 ! #a#i#cS ( AN ACTION GR\P1 A TRADE UNION1 A WORK]S' A!NEUM OR A G5]AL /RIKE1 9 ! >TICLE 0,GRUPOS DE AF9IDAD1 DISCIPL9A BELICA Y P]IODISMO LIB]T>IO1 #a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#h0 BY ,SUSANA ,TAV]A & ,5RIC ,UCELAY DA ,CAL1 9 ,HI/ORIA ,CONTEMPORANEA ,NO4 #i1 7,S]VICIO ,$4 ,UNIV]SIDAD DEL ,PAIS ,VASCO1 #a#i#i#c7 ,BY CONTRA/1 WELL WOR? READ+ >E ,JOSEP ,$U>D ,ADSU>'S 9T]E/+ & ILLUM9AT+ >TICLES ON ! LIB]T>IAN MOVEM5T4 ,SEE1 = EXAMPLE1 0,EL ,COMITE ,C5TRAL DE ,MILICIES ,ANTIFEIXI/ES0 9 ,L',AV5C ,NO4 #ad 7,M>* #a#i#g#i71 0,LA FASC9ACION DEL POD]3 ,DIEGO ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN 5 EL OJO DEL HURACAN0 9 ,AN?ROPOS ,NO4 #a* 7,NOVEMB] #a#i#i#b74 ,V]Y 9T]E/+ TOO >E >TICLES BY ,ANNA ,MONJO & ,C>ME ,VEGA 9 ! REVIEW ,HI/ORIA ,ORAL ,NO4 #c1 7#a#i#i73 0,CLASE OBR]A Y GU]RA CIVIL0 & 0,SOCIALIZACION Y ,HE*OS DE ,MAYO10 &1 ( C\RSE1 ,ELS TREBALLADORS I LA GU]RE CIVIL4 ,HI/ORIA D'UNA 9DU/RIA CATALANA COLECTIVITZADA BY ,ANNA ,MONJO & ,C>ME ,VEGA 77,EMPURIES1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#h#f7 .<#c#f.> ,ON ! ,IRON ,COLUMN1 SEE ,ABEL ,PAZ'S SPL5DID /UDY ,CRONICA DE LA ,COLUMNA DE ,F]RO 7,HAC]1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#h#d74 ,AS E>LY AS ,SEPTEMB] & ,OCTOB] #a#i#c#f1 ! ,IRON ,COLUMN HAD FIGUR$ 9 S5SATIONAL 9CID5TS CONC]N$ ) CLEANS+ ! RE>GU>D 7,VAL5CIA CITY71 TRAVEL+ !RE FROM ! FRONT L9ES 9 ORD] TO DEM& ! DIS>MAM5T & DISB&+ ( >M$ CORPS 9 ! S]VICE ( ! ,/ATE & ! DISPAT*+ ( !IR MEMB]S TO FRONT-L9E S]VICE4 ,REPUDIATION ( MILIT>IZATION ( ! MILITIAS WAS DEBAT$ 9SIDE ! ,IRON ,COLUMN AS IT WAS 9 EV]Y O!R CONF$]AL COLUMN4 ,9 ! 5D1 ! ,COLUMN'S ASSEMBLY GAVE ITS APPROVAL TO MILIT>IZATION1 S9CE IT W\LD O!RWISE BE D5I$ WEAPONS1 PAY & PROVISIONS4 ,!N AGA91 9 ! EV5T ( ITS BE+ DISB&$1 !RE WAS A DANG] ?AT ! MILITIANS MIIZ$ UNITS4 .<#c#g.> ,FRANK ,M9TZ ,LA AUTOGE/ION 5 LA ,ESPANA REVOLUCION>IA 7,LA ,PIQUETA1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#g#g7 PP4 #b#i#e-#c#h4 ,ALSO ,ABEL ,PAZ1 OP4 CIT4 PP4 #b#g#e-#b#i#d4 ,& ,PAUL ,%>KEY ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI3 ,A ,*RONOLOGY 7,$ITORIAL ,CRISOL1 ,TOKYO1 ,MAY #a#i#h#d74 .<#c#h.> ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ & ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC] W]E ! LEAD+ ORGANIZ]S BEH9D ! MEET+ HELD BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 9 ! ,POLIORAMA ,!AT] ON ,SUNDAY1 ,APRIL #a#i1 #a#i#c#g4 .<#c#i.> ,SEE ,JAIME ,BALIUS'S 9T]VIEW ) ,PABLO ,RUIZ 9 ! NEWSPAP] ,LA ,NO*E ,NO4 #c$e 7,M>* #b#d1 #a#i#c#g73 & ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO ,NO4 #e 7,JULY #b#a1 #a#i#c#g73 & ,PAUL ,%>KEY1 OP4 CIT4 .<#d.> 0,PON5CIA QUE A LA ,ASAMBLEA DEL ,S9DICATO PRES5TA LA SECCION DE P]IODI/AS P>A QUE SEA TOMADA 5 CONSID]ACION Y ELEVADA AL ,PL5O Y PU$A S]VIR DE CONTROV]SIA AL 9=ME QUE PRES5TE EL DIRECTOR 9T]9O DE ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A10 DAT$ ,B>CELONA1 ,FEBRU>Y #ba & #b#b1 #a#i#c#g1 ON BEHALF ( ! ,ASAMBLEA DE LA ,SECCION DE ,P]IODI/AS4 .<,DOCUM5T ON DEPOSIT ) ! ,>*IVO ,HI/ORICO ,MUNICIPAL DE ,B>CELONA 7,A,H,M,B74.> .<#d#a.> ,SEE SOME ( ! NEW >TICLES C>RI$ BY ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 LIKE 0,LA CIUDAD DE ,B>CELONA0 7,AUGU/ #a#h1 #a#i#c#f71 0,5 EL NUEVO LOCAL DEL ,COMITE DE ,MILICIAS ,ANTIFASCI/AS0 7,AUGU/ #b#c1 #a#i#c#f71 0,HA CAIDO 5 EL CUMPLIMI5TO DE SU DEB]0 7,OCTOB] #c1 #a#i#c#f71 0,LOS GALEOTOS DE LA RETAGU>DIA0 7,OCTOB] #d1 #a#i#c#f71 0,SOLID>IDAD CON LOS CAIDOS4440 7,OCTOB] #i1 #a#i#c#f7 OR 0,LOS PAJ>OS DE LA REVOLUCION0 7,OCTOB] #a#f1 #a#i#c#f74 ,SEE ALSO1 9 ! ,SEPTEMB] & ,OCTOB] #aicf $ITIONS ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 >TICLES SIMIL> TO ?OSE ( ,BALIUS1 UND] ! BYL9ES ( ,M+O1 ,FLOREAL ,OCANA1 ,GILAB]T1 ETC4 .<#d#b.> ,BALIUS'S REGUL> COLUMN WAS HEADL9$ 0,COMO 5 LA GU]RA10 &1 ON OCCASION1 ! >TICLES W]E NOT CR$IT$4 ,5D]IZ1 AMONG O!RS1 ALSO HAD A REGUL> COLUMN4 .<#d#c.> ,SEE SOME ( ! >TICLES ABOVE ,BALIUS'S BYL9E C>RI$ ON ! COV]1 LIKE 0,NO PODEMOS OLVID>4 #f DE OCTUBRE0 7,OCTOB] #f1 #a#i#c#f71 0LA REVOLUCION NO HA DE FR5>SE4 ,EL LEXICO DE LA PR5SA BURGUESA ES DE UN SABOR CONTR>EVOLUCION>IO0 7,OCTOB] #a#e1 #a#i#c#f71 0,COMO 5 LA GU]RA4 ,5 LOS FR5TES DE COMBATE NO HAN DE FALT> PR5DAS QUE SON 9DISP5SABLES P>A SOBRELLEV> LA CAMPANA DE 9VI]NO0 7,OCTOB] #a#f1 #a#i#c#f74 .<#d#d.> ,WE MU/ NOT OMIT TO HIRI$ ANONYM\SLY BY ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 7,OCTOB] #a#a1 #a#i#c#f7 UND] ! HEADL9E 0,HA DE CON/ITUIRSE EL ,CONSEJO ,NACIONAL DE ,DEF5SA10 BECAUSE ( ! WAY 9 :I* IT WAS TAK5 UP LAT] 9 ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 AS ONE ( ! MO/ ORIG9AL PO9TS 9 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S REVOLUTION>Y PROGRAM1 TO WIT1 ! =MATION ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA OR ,NATIONAL ,DEF5SE ,C\NCIL4 .<#d#e.> ,SEE SOME ( !SE >TICLES ( A POLITICAL NATURE1 9 ADDITION TO ?OSE NAM$ ABOVE3 0,HA DE IMPON]SE UN TRIBUTO DE GU]RA0 7,SEPTEMB] #h1 #a#i#c#f71 0,ONCE DE SEPTIEMBRE0 7,SEPTEMB] #a#a1 #a#i#c#f71 0,COMO 5 LA GU]RA4 ,ES DE 9M$IATA NECESIDAD EL RACIONAMI5TO DEL CONSUMO0 7,SEPTEMB] #a#f1 #a#i#c#f71 0,HAN TRIUNFADO LAS TACTICAS REVOLUCION>IAS0 7,SEPTEMB] #b#c1 #a#i#c#f71 0,COMO 5 LA GU]RA4 ,LA JU/ICIA HA DE S] 9FLEXIBLE0 7,OCTOB] #a#a1 #a#i#c#f71 0,SEAMOS CONSCI5TES4 ,POR UNA MORAL REVOLUCION>IA0 7,OCTOB] #a#h1 #a#i#c#f71 0,PROBLEMAS FUNDAM5TALES DE LA REVOLUCION4 ,LA DESC5TRALIZACION ES LA G>ANTIA QUE HA DE RECAB> LA CLASE TRABAJADORA 5 DEF5SA DE LA PR]ROGATIVAS QUE SE DEBAT5 5 LAS L9EAS DE FUEGO0 7,OCTOB] #b#d1 #a#i#c#f71 0,COMO 5 LA GU]RA4 ,LOS AGIOTI/AS TI55 P5A DE LA VIDA0 .TICLE :I* CAN BE PUT D[N TO ,BALIUS.> 7,OCTOB] #c#a1 #a#i#c#f71 0,COMO 5 LA GU]RA4 ,LA JU/ICIA HA DE S] FULM9ANTE E 9TA*ABLE0 . 7,NOVEMB] #a1 #a#i#c#f71 0,COMO 5 LA GU]RA4 ,SE HA DE E/ABLEC] UN CONTROL RIGUROSO DE LA POBLACION0 7,NOVEMB] #c1 #a#i#c#f71 0,LA CUE/ION CATALANA0 7,DECEMB] #b1 #a#i#c#f71 0,EL TE/AM5TO DE ,DURRUTI0 7,DECEMB] #f1 #a#i#c#f7 & 0,LA REVOLUCION DE JULIO HA DE CELLAL EL PASO A LOS >RIBISLAS0 7,DECEMB] #a#g1 #a#i#c#f74 .<#d#f.> ,SEE ! 0,PON5CIA4440 ON DEPOSIT ) ! ,A,H,M,B4 .<#d#g.> ,SEE ! 0,PON5CIA4440 ON DEPOSIT ) ! ,A,H,M,B4 .<#d#h.> ,SEE ,BALIUS'S REM>KS ON ! REPLACEM5T ( ,LIB]TO ,CALLEJAS BY ,JAC9TO ,TORYHO AS MANAG+ $ITOR ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 ! ,C,N,T'S LEAD+ DAILY NEWSPAP]3 0,& ,I :O S]V$ AS $ITOR .<( ,SOLI.> ALONGSIDE ,ALEJ&RO ,GILAB]T1 ,FONTAURA & O!RS1 \ ?AT A DI/9CTION HAS TO BE MADE BETWE5 ,SOLI UND] ,LIB]TO ,CALLEJAS'S MANAGEM5T & ! ,SOLI RUN BY ,JAC9TO ,TORYHO4 ,AS LONG AS ,CALLEJAS WAS DIRECTOR ! ,C,N,T'S ,JULY GA9S W]E AT ALL TIMES DEF5D$1 & AN>*I/ PR9CIPLES PRAIS$ & PROPAGAT$4 ,BUT ONCE ,JAC9TO ,TORYHO WAS IMPOS$ AS DIRECTOR ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A1 BY ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>IES 5SCONC$ 9 ! COMMITTEES1 ?AT IS1 BY ! CABAL :I* HAS NO GOAL O!R ?AN TO DISPOSE ( ! AU!NTIC ,C,N,T1 !N NOT ONLY WAS MILIT>IZATION *AMPION$1 AS ,F4 ,MONTS5Y IMPLIES1 . SOME?+ ELSE4 ,DAY AFT] DAY ONE C\LD READ 9 ,SOLI AB\T COMRADE ,PRIETO & COMRADE ,NEGR94 ,LET US COME \T ) IT ALL3 M5 ( DUBI\S REPUTE1 LIKE ,CANOVAS ,C]VANTES & ,LE&RO ,BLANCO1 =M] $ITOR ( ,EL ,DEBATE1 JO9$ ! $ITORIAL TEAM AT ,SOLI4 ,LIFE AT ,SOLI BECAME IMPOSSIBLE4 ,I QUIT40 7,JAIME ,BALIUS 0,POR LOS FU]OS DE LA V]DAD10 9 ,LE ,COMBAT ,SYNDICALI/E ( ,SEPTEMB] #b1 #a#i#g#a47 ,SEE ALSO 0,PON5CIA 4440 .<#d#i.> ,RADIO BROADCA/ REPR9T$ 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A 7,NOVEMB] #f1#a#i#c#f74 ,?AT $ITION ( ,SOLI ATTRIBUT$ ! FOLL[+ WORDS TO ,DURRUTI3 0,IF ?IS MILIT>IZATION DECRE$ BY ! ,G5]ALIDAD IS 9T5D$ TO FRIISONS ) ! MORALE & DISCIPL9E ( ! RE>GU>D4 ,RE/ EASY4 ,ON ! FRONT1 !RE IS NO *AOS1 NO 9DISCIPL9E40 .<#e.> ,BALIUS'S MO/ \T/&+ >TICLES C>RI$ 9,IDEAS>E AS FOLL[S3 0,LA PEQU]A BURGUESIA ES IMPOT5TE P>A RECON/RUIR ,ESPANA DE/RUIDA POR EL FASCISMO0 7,NO4 #a1 ,DECEMB] #b#i1 #a#i#c#f71 0,LA ,REVOLUCION HA DE SEGUIR AVANZ&O0 7,NO4 #c1 ,JANU>Y #a#d1 #a#i#c#g71 0,EL FRACASO DE LA DEMOCRACIA BURGUESA0 7,NO4 #d1 ,JANU>Y #b#a1 #a#i#c#g71 0,LA ,REVOLUCION EXIGE UN SUPREMO ESFU]ZO0 7,NO4 #g1 ,FEBRU>Y #a#a1 #a#i#c#g71 0,DESPUES DEL #ai DE JULIO0 7,NO4 #a#d1 ,APRIL #a1 #a#i#c#g7 & 0,HAGAMOS LA REVOLUCION0 7,NO4 #a#e1 ,APRIL #h1 #a#i#c#g74 ,NO4 #aa ( ,IDEAS7,M>* #a#a1 #a#i#c#g7 C>RIES AN UNSIGN$ >TICLE 5TITL$ 06,DE/ITUCION 9M$IATA DE ,AIGUADE610 D5\NC+ ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y ACTIVITIES ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S C\NCILOR = ,SECURITY1 TWO MON?S AHEAD ( ! ,MAY EV5TS1 OV] HIS !FT ( TWELVE TANKS FROM ! ,C,N,T ?R\< ! USE ( =G$ DOCUM5TS1 & OV] HIS SY/EMATIC RECRUITM5T ( MON>*I/ & FASCI/ P]SONNEL 9TO ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S ,SECURITY ,CORPS4 .<#e#a.> ,BALIUS /ATES3 0,IT IS 9TOL]ABLE ?AT AN 9DIVIDUAL )\T ! SLINESS4 .<444.> ,= ?OSE GUILTY ( ! ,REVOLUTION'S FAILURE TO SWEEP ASIDE ! 5EMIES ( ! WORK+ CLASS1 WE HAVE TO LOOK TO ! WORK]S' RANKS1 TO ?OSE :O1 = WANT ( DECISIV5ESS 9 ! E>LY /AGES HAVE ALL[$ ! C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y =CES TO GR[ TO SU* DIM5SIONS ?AT IT WILL BE AN EXP5SIVE BUS9ESS TO PUT !M 9 !IR PLACE40 .<#e#b.> ,ISSUE ,NO4 L (,IDEASC>RIES ! FOLL[+ LI/ ( ! $ITORS ( & CONTRIBUTORS TO ! 0M\?PIECE ( ! ,BAJO ,LLOBREGAT ,LIB]T>IAN ,MOVEM5T03 ,LIB]TO ,CALLEJAS 7=M] DIRECTOR ( ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A71 ,EVELIO ,G4 ,FONTAURA1 ,FLOREAL ,OCANA1 ,JOSE ,ABELLA & ,G9ES ,ALONSO1 AS $ITORS4 ,& ,S55 ,FELIX AS ADM9I/RATOR4 ,AS CONTRIBUTORS3 ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,NIEVES ,NUNEZ1 ,ELIAS ,G>CIA1 ,SEV]9O ,CAMPOS1 ,JOSE ,PEIRATS 7DIRECTOR ( ,ACRACIA 9 ,L]IDA & FUTURE HI/ORIAN ( ! ,SPANI% AN>*I/ MOVEM5T71 ,FRAT]NO ,ALBA1 ,DR4 ,AMP>O ,PO*1 ,RIC>DO ,RICCETTI1 ,RAMON ,CALOPA1 ,LUZBEL ,RUIZ1 ,VIC5TE ,M>CET1 ,MANUEL ,V9UALES1 ,ANTONIO ,OCANA1 ,TOMAS & ,B5JAM9 ,CANO ,RUIZ1 ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O 7A MEMB] ( ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN1 ITS DELEGATE TO ,MOSC[ & A FUTURE LEAD+ MILITANT ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI71 ,ANTOLLIO ,VIDAL1 ,FELIPE ,ALAIZ 7A PROM95T AN>*I/ !ORI/71 ,ACRACIO ,PROGRESO1 ,MANUEL ,P]EZ1 ,JOSE ,ALB]OLA & ,MIGUEL ,GIM5EZ4 ,! C>TOONI/S 9CLUD$ ,JOAQU9 ,CAD5A & ,E4 ,BADIA & ,BONET4 .<#e#c.> ,= ,ACRACIA ( ,L]IDA & ITS DIRECTOR1 ,PEIRATS1 IT IS 9T]E/+ TO CONSULT ! LATT]'S MEMOIRS1 ESPECIALLY = ! />K DESCRIPTION ( ! TREM5D\S DISAPPO9TM5T :I* ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I'S COLLABORATION ) ! GOV]NM5T CREAT$ 9 LOTS ( AN>*I/ MILITANTS4 ,SEE ,JOSE ,PEIRATS ,VALLS 0,MEMORIAS10 9 ,SUPLEM5TOS ,AN?ROPOS,NO4 #a#h1 ,B>CELONA1 ,JANU>Y #a#i#i4 ,9 ADDITION TO,IDEAS9 ,HOSPILALET & ,ACRACIA 9 ,L]IDA1 ! FOLL[+ W]E PROM95T AN>*O-SYNDICALI/ OPPOSITION NEWSPAP]S CRITICAL ( ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATIONISM3 ,CIUDAD Y ,CAMPO 9 ,TORTOSA & ,NOSOTROS 9 ,VAL5CIA4 ,M5TION %\LD ALSO BE MADE ( ,RUTA & ,ESFU]ZO1 ORGANS ( ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\? ( ,CATALONIA4 .<#e#d.> ,! NOTICE 9 ,LA ,NO*E 7,M>* #b1 #a#i#c#g7 /ATES3 0,AT ! 9/IGATION ( A NUMB] ( COMRADES ( ! AN>*I/ ,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI :O KNEW H[ TO 5D HIS LIFE ) ?OSE SAME YE>N+S = LIB]ATION ?AT M>K$ HIS :OLE P]SONAL TRAJECTORY1 IT HAS BE5 ADJUDG$ APPROPRIATE ?AT A GR\P %\LD BE LAUN*$ TO KEEP ALIVE ! MEMORY ( ! MAN :O1 BY D9T ( HIS 9TEGRITY & C\RAGE1 WAS ! V]Y SYMBOL ( ! REVOLUTION>Y ]A BEGUN 9 MID-,JULY4 ,WE 9VITE ALL COMRADES :O *]I%$ ,DURRUTI :ILE HE WAS ALIVE & :O1 AFT] ?AT GIANT'S DEA?1 HAVE *]I%$ ! MEMORY ( ?AT GREAT W>RIOR1 TO JO9 ! 0,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI40 ,! 0,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI0 IS NOT JU/ ANO!R CLUB4 ,\R 9T5TION IS ?AT ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION %\LD BE FILL$ ) \R ,DURRUTI'S REVOLUTION>Y SPIRIT4 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI REMA9 FAI?FUL TO ! LA/ WORDS UTT]$ BY \R COMRADE 9 ! V]Y HE>T ( ,B>CELONA 9 D5UNCIATION ( ! WORK ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION1 TRAC+1 ) A MANLY H&1 ! R\TE ?AT WE MU/ TAKE4 ,TO 5ROLL 9 \R ASSOCIATION1 Y\ MU/ BE A ,C,N,T MEMB] & FURNI% EVID5CE ( A RECORD ( /RUGGLE & ( LOVE =,IDEAS& = ! REVOLUTION4 ,= ! TIME BE+1 APPLICATIONS >E BE+ RECEIV$ AT ,RAMBLA DE ,CATALUNA1 #a#e1 PR9CIPAL1 7,C,N,T ,J\RNALI/S' BRAN*7 BETWE5 FIVE & SEV5 9 ! EV5+4 -- ,! /E]+ COMMISSION -- .<#e#e.> ,>TICLES 9 ,LA ,NO*E BE>+ ,M+O'S SIGNATURE >E 0,NUE/RA LABOR4 ,LA ,REVOLUCION HA DE SEGUIR AVALLZ&O0 7,APRIL #b1 #a#i#c#g71 0,AL PUEBLO SE LE HA DE HABL> CL>O07,APRIL #h1 #a#i#c#g71 0,LA ,REVOLUCION EXIGE UNA LABOR DEPURADORA0 7,APRIL #i1 #a#i#c#g7 & 0,UNA LABOR REVOLUCION>IA4 ,LA REVALORIZACION DE LOS ,MUNICIPIOS0 7,APRIL #a#c1 #a#i#c#g74 .<#e#f.> ,M+O3 0,UNA LABOR REVOLUCION>IA4 ,LA REVALORIZACION DE LOS ,MUNICIPIOS10 9 ,LA ,NO*E 7,APRIL #a#c1 #a#i#c#g74 .<#e#g.> ,! PAMPHLET .<:I* WE HAVE NOT BE5 ABLE TO CONSULT.> JO9TLY CR$IT$ TO ,JAIME ,BALIUS & ,PABLO ,RUIZ IS 5TITL$ ,FIGOLS1 #h DE 5]O1 #h DE DICIEMBRE1 Y ,OCTUBRE & WAS PUBLI%$ BY ,$ITORIAL ,R5AC]4 .<#e#h.> ,AL?\< UNDAT$1 !SE PAMPHLETS BY ,BALIUS CAME AFT] ,OCTOB] #aicd & BE=E ,JULY #a#i#c#f1 & 9 ORD] ( PUBLICATION !Y W]E3 ,JAIME ,BALIUS ,DE ,JACA A ,OCTUBRE ,$ITORIAL ,R5AC]1 .<,B>CELONA.> UNDAT$2 ,JAIME ,BALIUS ,OCTUBRE CATALAN ,$ITORIAL ,R5AC]1.<,B>CELONA.> UNDAT$2 &1 ,JAIME ,BALIUS ,EL NACIONALISRNO Y EL PROLET>IADO ,$ITORIAL ,R5AC]1 .<,B>CELONA.> UNDAT$4 .<#e#i.> ,AS ,BALIUS /AT$ 9 HIS LETT] ( ,JUNE #a1 #ai< TO ,PAUL ,%>KEY3 0,I BELONG$ TO ! ,F,A,I'S ,R5AC] GR\P ALONG ) COMRADES ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC]1 S9CE DECEAS$ & ,BRUNO ,LLADO1 LIKEWISE DECEAS$40 .<,LETT] MADE AVAILABLE BY ,PAUL ,%>KEY1 :OM WE ?ANK = ?IS 9=MATION4.> .<#f.> ,WE CAN F9D A DETAIL$ DESCRIPTION ( ! ,GELSA MILITIANS & !IR OPPOSITION TO MILIT>IZATION1 :I* WAS CLOSELY CONNECT$ ) ! LAUN* ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 9 ! 9T]VIEW ) ,PABLO ,RUIZ 9 ,LA ,NO*E ,ANO ,X,I,V1 ,NO4 #c#e#d#e1 ( ,M>* #b#d1 #a#i#c#g4 ,SEE ALSO ! CLAIMS MADE BY ,BALIUS HIMSELF3 0,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P HAS ITS ORIG9S 9 ! OPPOSITION TO MILIT>IZATION4 ,IT WAS ! ,GELSA ,MILITIANS ,GR\P ?AT RELOCAT$ 5 MASSE TO ,B>CELONA4 ,AT ! HEAD ( ! ,GELSA ,GR\P WAS COMRADE ,$U>DO ,C]V]O4 ,SO1 9 ! ,CATALAN RE>GU>D1 !RE WAS A CONSID]ABLE NUMB] ( COMRADES FROM ! ,>AGON FRONT >\ND1 %>+ ! OP9ION ?AT !RE WAS NO WAY ?AT ! LIB]T>IAN SPIRIT ( ! MILITIAS C\LD BE ABJUR$4 ,LE/ WE EMB>K UPON AN 9T]M9ABLE LI/ ( COMRADES :O MOV$ TO ! ,CATALAN CAPITAL ) >MS & BAGGAGE1 ALL[ ME TO RECALL1 ) GREAT AFFECTION1 ,PROGRESO ,ROD5AS1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,M>CEL9O ,B5$ICTO & O!RS4 ,IT WAS AGRE$ ?AT A GR\P %\LD BE SET UP 9 ,B>CELONA1 & IT WAS DET]M9$ ?AT IT W\LD BE UND] ! EGIS ( ! SYMBOL ( ,BU5AV5TURA ,DURRUTI4 ,O!R MEMB]S ( ! ,DURRUTI ,GR\P 9CLUD$ COMRADES ,ALEJ&RO ,GILAB]T1 ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O1 ,MAXIMO ,FRANCO1 ! DELEGATE FROM ! ,ROJ9EGRA ,DIVISION1 ,PONZAN1 ,SANTANA ,CAL]O1 & LOTS ( O!RS40 7,JAIME ,BALIUS 0,POR LOS FU]OS DE LA V]DAD0 9 ,LE ,COMBAT SYNDICALI/E ( ,SEPTEMB] #b1 #a#i#g#a74 ,) REG>D TO ! NUMB] ( MILITIANS FROM ! ,GELSA ,GR\P :O1 HAV+ REPUDIAT$ MILIT>IZATION1 DECID$ TO QUIT ! FRONT1 TAK+ !IR WEAPONS ) !M1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ IS A LOT MORE /ATI/ICALLY PRECISE1 & PROBABLY A LOT NE>] ! M>K4 0.<,AFT] TAK+ P>T 9 ! /ORM+ ( ! ,AT>AZANAS B>RACKS.>1 ,I JO9$ ! ,DURRUTI ,COLUMN1 & ,I L$ ! #d? ,GELSA ,GR\P1 COMPRIS+ OV] A ?\S& MILITIANS 74447 :5EV] ! ,POPUL> ,>MY WAS FOI/$ UPON US FROM )9 74447 ,I RESIGN$ & REJO9$ ! RE>GU>D ALONG ) ?REE DECADES ( COMRADES4 ,ON ?AT BASIS & AT ! 9/IGATION ( COMRADE ,BALIUS1 WE F\ND$ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P 744470 .<,PABLO ,RUIZ 0,ELOGIO PO/UMO DE ,JAIME ,BALIUS0 9 ,LE ,COMBAT ,SYNDICALI/E_/,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A ( ,JANU>Y #b#b1 #a#i#h#a.> .<#f#a.> ,! ,F,A,I WAS ORGANIZ$ AS A F$]ATION ( AFF9ITY GR\PS4 ,DUR+ ! CIVIL W>1 PROM95CE WAS A*IEV$ BY AFF9ITY GR\PS LIKE 0,NOSOTROS0 7:I* HAD PREVI\SLY GONE UND] ! NAME 0,LOS ,SOLID>IOS071 0,N]VIO10 0,A10 0,Z1 0 0,LOS DE ,AY] Y ,LOS DE ,HOY10 0,F>O10 ETC4 .<#f#b.> ,! NEWSPAP] ,LA ,NO*E ON ,M>* #b1 #aicg 7PAGE #f7 C>RI$ ! FIR/ REPORT ON ! F\NDATION ( ! ,GR\P1 :I* WAS =MALLY LAUN*$ ON ,M>* #a#g1 #a#i#c#g1 ACCORD+ TO ?IS NOTICE 9 ! ,M>* #a#h1#a#i#c#g $ITION ( ,LA ,NO*E3 ,! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' ,GR\P HAS BE5 LAUN*$4 ,A /E]+ COMMITTEE APPO9T$4 ,! MEET+ TO LAUN* ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' WAS HELD LA/ NIGU>D TOOK P>T 9 ! DISCUSSION4 ,EV]Y ONE ( ! COMRADES :O SPOKE REAFFIRM$ HIS ABSOLUTE SUPPORT = ! PO/ULATES ( ! ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I4 ,!RE WAS BROAD DISCUSSION ( ! REVOLUTION>Y C\RSE FOLL[$ S9CE ,JULY #ai & IT WAS PALPABLE ?AT ALL ( ! ASSEMBL$ COMRADES WI% ! ,REVOLUTION TO PRESS AHEAD4 ,C]TA9 C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y MANEUV]S W]E LA%$ SEV]ELY4 .<444.> ,9 A DISEMBODI$ WAY1 \R ,DURRUTI PRESID$ OV] ! LAUN* ( ! GR\P4 ,IT WAS NOTABLE ?AT !RE WAS NO H9T ( IDOLATRY1 BUT RA!R A DESIRE TO C>RY \T ! WI%ES ( \R ILL-FAT$ COMRADE4 ,NEXT1 ! /E]+ COMMITTEE WAS APPO9T$1 ALONG ) A WORK+ P>TY TO DRAFT ! 9T5TIONS BY :I* ! NEW GR\P IS TO BE 9=M$4 .<444.> ,! /E]+ COMMITTEE IS MADE UP AS FOLL[S3 SECRET>Y1 ,FELIX ,M>T9EZ3 VICE-SECRET>Y1 ,JAIME ,BALIUS3 TREASUR]1 ,JOSE ,PANIAGUA3 BOOK-KEEP]1 ,ANTONIO ,PUIG ,G>RETA3 COMMITTEE MEMB]S1 ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,ANTONIO ,ROM]O1 ,S]AF9 ,SOBIAS1 ,$U>DO ,C]V]O4 ,! WORK+ P>T COMPRISES3 ,PABLO ,RUIZ1 ,J4 ,M>91 ,JAIME ,BALIUS1 ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O & ,JOSE ,ESPLUGAS4 ,BE=E ! PROCE$+S W]E W\ND UP1 ! GA!R+ AGRE$ BY ACCLAMATION ?AT A TELEGRAM %\LD BE S5T TO ! ,C,N,T ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE1 DEM&+ ! RELEASE ( COMRADE ,M>OTO & ( ! COMRADES 9C>C]AT$ 9 ,VAL5CIA4 .<#f#c.> ,LET US ATTEMPT TO CATALOG ALL ( ! MANIFE/OES1 H&BILLS1 NOTICES & PO/]S SIGN$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P1 9S(> AS WE KN[ !M4 ,WE %ALL NOT 9DICATE PLACE ( PUBLICATION BECAUSE ?AT IS ! CITY ( ,B>CELONA ?R\<\T4 ,VIRTUALLY ALL ( !SE DOCUM5TS CAN BE F\ND 9 ! ,>*IVO ,HI/ORICO ,MUNICIPAL DE ,B>CELONA 7,A,H,M,B73 #a4 0,AL PUEBLO TRABAJADOR0 .<,MANIFE/O ISSU$ LATE ,M>* #a#i#c#g4 ,D\BLE-SID$ H&BILL4.> #b4 0,AL PUEBLO TRABAJADOR0 .<,MANIFE/O OPPOS+ ! COMMEMORATION ( ! ANNIV]S>Y ( ,APRIL #a#d4.> #c4 06,TRABAHADI]S6 ,ACUDID EL PROXIMO DIM+O1 DIA #a#h1 AL ,M,I,T,9 QUE LA ,AGRUPACION ,LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI CELEBRALA 5 EL ,TEATRO ,POLIORAMA0 .<,NOTICE ADV]TIS+ ! RALLY ON ,APRIL #a#h1 #a#i#c#g4.> #d4 0,AGRUPACION DE ,LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI4 ,A LA CLASE TRABAJADORA40 .<,PO/] PA/$ ON WALLS & TREES4 ,LATE ,APRIL #a#i#c#g4.>4 0,A,C,T,O ORGANIZADO POR LA ,AGRUPACION ,LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI4 #e4 ,DOM+O1 #b DE MAYO A LAS #a DE LA MANANA1 5 EL ,T,E,A,T,R,O ,G,O,Y,A40 .<,NOTICE ( ! ,MAY #b1 #aicg RALLY4.>4 #f4 0,C,N,T-,F,A,I4 ,AGRUPACION ',LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI'4 6,T,R,A,B,A,J,A,D,O,R,E,S60 .<,H&BILL DI/RIBUT$ ON ! B>RICADES ON ,MAY #e1 #a#i#c#g4.> #g4 0,C,N,T-,F,A,I4 ,AGRUPACION ',LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI'4 ,TRABAJADORES40 .<,MANIFE/O DI/RIBUT$ ON ,MAY #h1 #a#i#c#g4.> #h4 0,TRABAJADORES4 ,MI]COLES DIA #a#i4 ,AP>EC]A EL ',LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI'4 0 .<,NOTICE ( ! APPE>ANCE ( ! FIR/ ISSUE ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 S*$UL$ = ,MAY #a#i1 #a#i#c#g4.> ,!RE >E ALSO SOME NOTICES ( LECTURES BY ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC]1 SPONSOR$ BY ! ,C,N,T ,FOOD/UFFS ,UNION1 :I* WE HAVE NOT 9CLUD$4 .<#f#d.> ,SEE ,JUAN ,&RADE 0,C,N,T-,P,\,M0 9 ,LA ,BATALLA ( ,MAY #a1 #a#i#c#g4 ,REPR9T$ 9 ,JUAN ,&RADE ,LA REVOLUCION ESPANOLA DIA A DIA 7,$4 ,NUEVA ,]A1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#g#i1 P4 #b#d#h47 ,! EXTRACT 9 :I* ,&RADE REF]S TO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI IS ?IS ONE3 ,= 9/ANCE1 ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' HAVE FRAM$ !IR PROGRAM PO9TS 9 PO/]S 9 EV]Y /REET 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,WE >E ABSOLUTELY 9 AGREEM5T ) ! WAT*WORDS ?AT ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' HAVE ISSU$ ) REG>D TO ! CURR5T SITUATION4 ,?IS IS A PROGRAM WE ACCEPT1 & ON ! BASIS ( :I* WE >E READY TO COME TO :ATEV] AGREEM5TS !Y MAY PUT TO US4 ,!RE >E TWO ITEMS 9 ?OSE WAT*WORDS :I* >E ALSO FUNDAM5TAL = US4 ,ALL ,P[] TO ! WORK+ CLASS & DEMOCRATIC ORGANS ( ! WORK]S1 PEASANTS & COMBATANTS1 AS ! EXPRESSION ( PROLET>IAN ,P[]4 .<#f#e.> ,RUTA1 ! M\?PIECE ( ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\? ( ,CATALONIA1 HAD BE5 RADICALLY OPPOS$ TO ! ,C,N,T'S COLLABORATIONISM S9CE ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#f4 ,BETWE5 ,M>* #aicg & LATE ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 IT C>RI$ >TICLES BY ,SANTANA ,CAL]O 7A MEMB] ( ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\? ( ,MALAGA71 :O WAS ALSO A PROM95T CONTRIBUTOR TO ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO & A MEMB] ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,ISSUE ,NO4 #be ( ,RUTA1 DAT$ ,APRIL #a1 #a#i#c#g1 C>RI$ AN >TICLE FROM ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P1 5TITL$ 0,POR EL CONCEPTO AN>QUI/A DE LA REVOLUCION10 9 :I* ! SAME >GUM5TS >E SET \T AS 9 ! LATE ,M>* H&BILL_/MANIFE/O3 ?AT ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I HAD FAIL$ TO IMPOSE ITSELF ON ,JULY #ai & AGRE$ TO COLLABORATE AS A M9ORITY PLAY] & AF=D$ FULL SCOPE TO ! PETIT-B\RGEOISIE3 ?AT ! W> & ! REVOLUTION HAD TO BE ONE3 0! W> & ! REVOLUTION >E TWO ASPECTS ?AT CANNOT BE DISSEV]$4 ,! ,W> IS ! DEF5SE ( ! REVOLUTION03 ?AT ! UNIONS %\LD HAVE ! DIRECTION ( ! ECONOMY3 ?AT ! >MY & PUBLIC ORD] %\LD BE UND] WORK]S' CONTROL3 ?AT >MS HAD TO BE 9 ! H&S ( WORK]S ONLY1 BY WAY ( A GU>ANTEE ( ! REVOLUTION3 ?AT ! PETITE B\RGEOISIE %\LD MAN ! =TIFICATIONS BATTALIONS3 ?AT ! RE>GU>D %\LD TAKE ! W> TO HE>T3 ?AT WORK %\LD BE COMPULSORY & UNIONIZATION OBLIGATORY1 ETC4 .<#f#f.> ,?IS WAS ,ESFU]ZO3 ,P]IODICO MURAL DE LAS ,JUV5TUDES ,LIB]T>IAS DE ,CATALUNA4 ,A WEEKLY PUBLICATION1 COMPRIS+ ( ONE PO/]-SIZ$ PAGE = PO/+ ON WALLS1 IT CAME \T BETWE5 ! SECOND WEEK ( ,M>* & ! SECOND WEEK ( ,MAY4 ,COMPLETELY ANONYM\S1 IT WAS MADE UP1 NOT ( >TICLES1 BUT ( WAT*WORDS1 %ORT MANIFE/OES & APPEALS4 ,IT WAS A HITICLES0 /& \T3 0,EL DILEMA3 ,FASCISMO O ,REVOLUCION SOCIAL0 79 ,NO4 #a1 SECOND WEEK ( ,M>* #a#i#c#g71 0,CONSIGNAS DE LA ,JUV5TUD ,REVOLUCION>IA0 7,NO4 #b1 ?IRD WEEK ( ,M>*71 0,EL ,ORD5 ,PUBLICO TI5E SU G>ANTIA 5 LAS ,PATRULLAS DE ,CONTROL4440 7,NO4 #c1 F\R? WEEK ( ,M>*71 0,LOS 'AFFAIRES' POR LA SUB/RACCION DE #aa TANQUES4 ,LA PROVOCACION DE ,ORD5 ,PUBLICO 5 ,REUS1 POR ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS 4440 & 0,A LOS O*OS MESES DE REVOLUCION0 7,NO4 #d1 FIR/ WEEK ( ,APRIL #a#i#c#g74 ,! LA/ ISSUE ( ?IS WALL NEWSPAP]1 ,NO4 #i1 IS DAT$ ! SECOND WEEK ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,AL?\< ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P IS NEV] M5TION$ BY NAME1 ITS WAT*WORDS1 VISION & IDEOLOGICAL CONT5T W]E V]Y SIMIL> TO ?OSE >TICULAT$ & *AMPION$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 .<#f#g.> ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' ,GR\P 0,AL PUEBLO TRABAJADOR0 ,B>CELONA .<,APRIL #a#d1 #a#i#c#g.> .<#f#h.> ,?IS MEET+ TO 9TRODUCE ! ,GR\P WAS REPORT$ 9 DETAIL BY ,ROSALIO ,NEGRETE & ,HUGO ,OEHL] 9 A REPORT WRITT5 & DATE-L9$ 9 ,B>CELONA ! SAME DAY4 ,?AT REPORT WAS FIR/ PUBLI%$ 9 ,F\R? ,9T]NATIONAL ,VOLUME #b1 ,NO4 #a#b1 7#a#i#c#g74 ,SEE ,REVOLUTION>Y ,HI/ORY ,VOLUME #a1 ,NO4 #b1 7#a#i#h#h71 ,LONDON1 PP4 #c#d-#c#e4 ,! MEET+ HAD BE5 CALL$ BY MEANS ( H&BILLS ANN\NC+ ?AT ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC] W\LD SPEAK ON ! PROBLELM ( SUBSI/5CE1 ,PABLO ,RUIZ ON ! REVOLUTION>Y >MY1 ,JAIME ,BALIUS ON ! W> & ! REVOLUTION1 ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O ON TRADE UNION UNITY & POLITICAL COLLABORATION1 & ,V4 ,P]EZ ,COMB9A ON PUBLIC ORD] & ! PRES5T TIME4 ,! FOLL[+ NOTICE WAS C>RI$ 9 ! DAILY NEWSPAP] ,LA ,NO*E 7#a#i ,APRIL #a#i#c#g7 AB\T ! PROGRESS ( ! MEET+3 ,YE/]DAY MORN+1 9 ! ,POLIORAMA ,!AT]1 A MEET+ WAS HELD BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P4 ,!RE WAS A CONSID]ABLE ATT5DANCE & ! MEET+ WAS *AIR$ BY COMRADE ,ROM]O1 :O1 AFT] A FEW %ORT REM>KS \TL9+ ! MEAN+ ( ! MEET+1 CALL$ UPON ,FRANCISCO ,PELLIC]1 :O OP5$ ) A RECOLLECTION ( ,DURRUTI4 ,NEXT1 ATT5TION TURN$ TO ! PROBLEM ( SUBSI/5CE1 & HE /AT$ ?AT IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO EAT ON CURR5T RATES ( PAY .<444.> ,PABLO ,RUIZ SPOKE ON ! REVOLUTION>Y >MY .<444.> ,!N ,JAIME ,BALIUS READ SOME JOTT+S .<444.> 9 :I* HE REVIEW$ ! 9ITIAL FI ,HE /AT$ ?AT ! ,REVOLUTION %\LD GO H& 9 H& ) ! W> & ?AT BO? HAVE TO BE WON4 .<444.> ,FRANCISCO ,C>R5O SPOKE LA/ ON ! TOPIC 'TRADE UNION UNITY & POLITICAL COLLABORATION' .<444.> ,HE1 LIKE ! RE/ ( ! SPEAK]S1 WAS V]Y W>MLY APPLAUD$4 .<#f#i.> ,ACTA DE LA SESSIO CONSI/ORIAL DEL #b#b-#e-#a#i#c#g DEL ,AJUNTAM5TE DE ,SABADELL1 ,>*IVO ,HI/ORICO DE ,SABADELL4 ,ON PAGE #cii ( ! BOOK ( M9UTES ,NO4 #a#f1 ! PO/] FROM ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 ISSU$ 9 ,APRIL #a#i#c#g1 IS REPRODUC$ 9 FULL4 ,?IS PO/]1 :I* C\NCIL MEMB] ,BRUNO ,LLADO 7:O WAS ALSO ! COM>CAL DELEGATE ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD'S DEP>TM5T ( ECONOMY .7 HAD PUT UP 9 HIS (FICE ON ,SUNDAY1 ,MAY #bND1 JO9$ ! BOOK ( EVID5CE AGA9/ HIM :5 ! C\NCILOR WAS ACCUS$ ( 9CIT+ REBELLION AGA9/ ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T 9 ! C\RSE ( ! EV5TS ( ,MAY 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,! TEXT ( ?IS PO/]1 ACCORD+ TO ! M9UTES ( ! ,MAY #b#b1 #aicg SITT+ ( ,SABADELL ,C\NCIL WAS REPR9T$ 9 ,&REU ,CA/ELLS3 ,SABADELL1 9=ME DE L'OPOSICIO4 ,ANNEX P] A LA HI/ORIA DE ,SABADELL 7,VOL4 ,V7 ,GU]RA I REVOLUCIO 7#a#i#c#f-#a#i#c#i7 7,$4 ,RIUTORT1 ,SABADELL1 #a#i#h#b1 P4 #b#b4#h7 .<#g.> ,! DEF9ITION ( ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA (F]$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI WAS NOT ALWAYS ! SAME1 AS WE %ALL SEE ANON4 ,BUT ! SIGNIFICANCE ( ! WAT*WORDS 9 ! ,APRIL PO/] ELUD$ NO ONE4 ,E/ABLI%M5T ( A ,REVOLUTION>Y ,JUNTA IMPLI$ NOT ONLY ! W9D+ UP ( ! B\RGEOIS ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T1 BUT ! 9TRODUCTION ( DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT3 0ALL P[] TO ! WORK+ CLASS0 & 0ALL ECONOMIC P[] TO ! UNIONS40 ,9 AN 9T]VIEW GRANT$ TO ,LUTTE ,\VRI]E 9 #a#i#c#i1 ,MUNIS TOOK ! L9E ?AT ! T]MS 0REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA0 & 0SOVIETS10 AS US$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 W]E SYNONYM\S4 .<#g#a.> ,BALIUS WAS V]Y CONSCI\S ( ! IMPORTANCE ( ! WAT*WORDS SET \T 9 ! ,APRIL #aicg PO/]4 0,MAY #a #aicg IS ! ,SPANI% ,KRON/ADT4 ,9 ,CATALONIA1 UPRIS+ WAS FEASIBLE ONLY BY VIRTUE ( ! ,C,N,T'S MIOSE TO A CRY ( 0,ALL P[] TO ! SOVIETS10 SO ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P CALL$ = 0,ALL P[] TO ! UNIONS10 & WE DID SO PUBLICLY 9 ! MANY PO/]S /UCK UP ALL OV] ! CITY ( ,B>CELONA & 9 ! MANIFE/O WE ISSU$ & MANAG$ TO PR9T UP :ILE ! BATTLE RAG$40 7,JAIME ,BALIUS 0,POR LOS FU]OS DE LA V]DAD0 9 ,LE COMBAT ,SYNDICALI/E ( ,SEPTEMB] #b1 #a#i#g#a7 ,SEE ALSO ,MUNIS'S COMM5TS 9 ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A ,NO4 #b ( ,AUGU/ #b#c1 #a#i#c#g4 .<#g#b.> ,JUAN ,&RADE 0,C,N,T-,P,\,M0 9 ,LA ,BATALLA ( ,MAY #a1 #a#i#c#g4 ,SEE ALSO ,G4 ,MUNIS 0,LA ,JUNTA ,REVOLUCION>IA Y LOS ',AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI0' 9 ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A ,NO4 #b1 ( ,AUGU/ #b#c1 #a#i#c#g4 .<#g#c.> ,9=MATION AB\T ! ,MAY EV5TS HAS BE5 TAK5 FROM ! FOLL[+ S\RCES3 ,J4 ,>QU] ,LES ,JORNADES DE MAIG ,UNPUBLI%$ MANUSCRIPT DEPOSIT$ ) ! ,A,H,N 9 ,MADRID ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT5 ,LA ,GU]RA CIVIL ESPANOLA3 ,REVOLUCION Y CONTR>REVOLUCION 7,ALIANZA ,$ITORIAL1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#h#i1 PP4 #f#e#i-#g#d7 .<,5GLI% LANGUAGE READ]S %\LD SEE ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT51 ,! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION1 ,*APEL ,HILL1 #a#i#g#i.> ,LUIS ,COMPANYS 0,?IS IS A C>BON COPY ( NOTES MADE BY ,PRESID5T 444 & ( TELETYP$ CONV]SATIONS BETWE5 V>I\S POLITICAL FIGURES DUR+ ! FICELONA1 ,MAY #c-#g1 #a#i#c#g0 .<,DEPOSIT$ ) ! ,HOOV] ,9/ITUTION.> ,MANUEL ,CRUELLS ,MAYO SANGRI5TO4 ,B>CELONA #aicg 7,$4 ,JUV5TUD1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#g7 ,FRANCISCO ,LACRUZ ,EL ALZAMI5TO1 LA REVOLUCION Y EL T]ROR 5 ,B>CELONA 7,LIBR]IA ,>YSEL1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#d#c7 ,FRANK ,M9TZ & ,MANUEL ,PEC9A ,LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI1 LOS TROTSQUI/AS Y LOS SUCESOS DE MAYO 7,CAMPO ,ABI]TO1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#g#h7 ,&RES ,N9 0,EL PROBLEMA DE LOS ORGANOS DE POD] 5 LA REVOLUCION ESPANOLA40 ,PUBLI%$ 9 ,FR5* 9 ,NO4 #a ( ,JUILLET4 ,REVUE 9T]NATIONALE DU ,P,\,M 9 ,JUNE #a#i#c#g4 ,AVAILABLE 9 A ,SPANI% TRANSLATION 9 ,BALANCE ,NO4 #b 7,M>* #a#i#i#d7 ,HUGO ,OEHL] ,B>RICADES 9 ,B>CELONA 7#a#i#c#g74 ,REPR9T$ 9 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,HI/ORY ,NO4 #b1 7#a#i#h#h7 PP4 #b#b-#b#i ,GEORGE ,ORWELL 0,YO FUI TESLIGO 5 ,B>CELONA0 9 ,BOLET9 DE 9=MACION SOBRE EL PROCESO POLITICO CONTRA EL ,P,\,M ,NO4 #e1 ,B>CELONA1 ,DECEMB] #a#e1 #aicg .<,AGU/9 ,S\*Y.> ,LOS SUCESOS 5 ,B>CELONA1 ,RELACION DOCUM5TAL DE LAS TRAGICAS JORNADAS DE LA #aA DE SEMANA ,MAYO DE #aicg 7,$ICIONES ,ESPANOLAS ,EBRO1 NO PLACE 9DICAT$1 #cRD $ITION ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#g7 ,PAVEL & ,CL>A ,?ALMANN ,COMBATS PUR LA LIB]TE4 ,MOSC\1 ,MADRID1 ,P>IS 7,SP>TACUS1 ,P>IS1 #a#i#h#c7 ,V>I\S ,LOS SUCESOS DE MAYO DE #a#i#c#g4 ONA REVOLUCION 5 LA ,REPUBLICA 7,FUNDACIO ,&REU ,N91 ,B>CELONA #a#i#h#h7 ,V>I\S ,SUCESOS DE MAYO 7#a#i#c#g7 ,CUAD]NOS DE LA GU]RA CIVIL ,NO4 #a1 7,FUNDACION ,SALVADOR ,SEGUI1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#h#g7 .<#g#d.> ,JORDI ,>QU] ,LES JORNADES DE MAIG ,UNPUBLI%$ MANUSCRIPT TEXT DEPOSIT$ ) ! ,A,H,N 9 ,MADRID4 .<#g#e.> ,! ,C\NCILOR = DEF5SE WAS ,C,N,T MEMB] ,FRANCISCO ,ISGLEAS1 A FAI?FUL FRI5D & SUPPORT] ( ,G>CIA ,OLIV]1 :O1 DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS1 PLAY$ A V]Y PROM95TLY 0NEUTRAL0 ROLE1 PREV5T+ ,C,N,T & ,P,\,M TROOPS FROM TAK+ A H& 9 ! FITEMI ,AIGUADE TO TAKE ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE1 & ?IS 9 ! PRES5CE ( SEV]AL C\NCILORS & ! ,C,N,T'S ,DOM5E*1 :O M]ELY PO9T$ \T ! POSSIBLE CONSEQU5CES ( SU* A MOVE4 .<,9 ,MIGUEL ,CAM9AL ,JOAN ,COMOR]A ,VOL4 ,I,I1 P4 #a#b.> .<#g#f.> ,SEE ,>QU]1 OP4 CIT4 & A REPORT 9 ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A ( ,MAY #b1 #aicg ( ! ,G5]ALIDAD C\NCIL'S HAV+ MET ON ,SATURDAY ,MAY #a4 .<#g#g.> ,YET ,>QU] 7OP4 CIT47 APPE>S TO BELIEVE ?AT ,AIGUADE WAS ACT+ (F HIS [N BAT1 )\T ! KN[L$GE ( ! PANEL4 ,BE ?AT AS IT MAY1 IT SEEMS OBVI\S ?AT ! ,G5]ALIDAD GOV]NM5T HAD WA%$ ITS H&S ( ,T>RADELLAS'S POLICY ( COMPROMISE & COLLABORATION & OPT$ 9/EAD = ! DIRECT CONFRONTATION 7AS ADVOCAT$ BY ,COMPANYS7 :I* HAD WORK$ SO WELL 9 ,BELLV] DE ,C]DANA4 .<#g#h.> ,SEE ! OBS]VATIONS ( ,MANUEL ,CRUELLS 7,MAYO SANGRI5TO4 ,B>CELONA #aicg ,$4 ,JUV5TUD1 ,B>CELONA #a#i#g1 PP4 #e#e-#e#f7 ON ?IS PO9T4 ,CRUELLS WAS A J\RNALI/ ) ! ,DI>I DE ,B>CELONA AT ! TIME4 ,AS = ! 9FLU5CE ( ,/AL9I/S OV] ,AIGUADE OR ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS1 :E!R !RE WAS ANY OR NOT /RIKES US AS IRRELEVANT GIV5 ?AT COLLABORATION ?AT WAS OBTA9$ BETWE5 ,COMPANYS1 ,COMOR]A & ! ,SOVIET CONSUL 9 ,B>CELONA4 ,?IS VIEW IS ALSO EXPRESS$ BY ,AGU/9 ,S\*Y 9 ,LOS SUCESOS DE ,B>CELONA4 ,RELACION 444 OP4 CIT4 P4 #a#c4 .<#g#i.> ,%ORTLY AFT] NEWS BROKE ( ! >M$ CLA% 9SIDE ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE BUILD+3 0,9 ORD] TO 5SURE ?AT ?IS 9CID5T W\LD NOT LEAD TO WID] CLA%ES1 ! ,*IEF ( ,S]VICE AT ! ,PUBLIC ,ORD] ,COMMISS>IAT1 ,]OLES1 ! G5]AL SECRET>Y ( ! ',CONTROL ,PATROLS1' ,AS5S & ,DIAZ1 REPRES5T+ ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE1 TRAVEL$ TO ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE TO GET ! ATTACK]S TO )DRAW4 ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS CONSULT$ BY TELEPHONE ) ,AIGUADE1 ! ,C\NCILOR = ,9T]NAL ,SECURITY1 ON :OSE ORD]S HE HAD ACT$1 & ! LATT] 9/RUCT$ HIM ?AT UND] NO CIRCUM/ANCES WAS HE TO )DRAW1 BUT %\LD HOLD ! POSITIONS HE HAD CAPTUR$4444 ,ALONG ) SOME O!R AN>*I/S1 ,VAL]IO ,MAS %[$ UP AT ! (FICE ( .<444.> ,T>RADELLAS1 ASK+ HIM TO ORD] ! ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS TRY+ TO OCCUPY ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE TO )DRAW .<444.> ,T>RADELLAS1 & LAT] .<444.> ,>LEMIO ,AIGUADE1 ON :OM !Y ALSO CALL$1 FEIGN$ SURPRISE & CLAIM$ ?AT !Y HAD NOT ISSU$ ANY 9/RUCTIONS TO ! EFFECT ?AT ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE %\LD BE OCCUPI$4 -,?IS IS ,RODRIGUEZ ,SALAS ACT+ ON HIS [N ACC\NT -- ,AIGUADE TOLD !M4 -- ,& ,I PROMISE Y\ ?AT .<444.> ,I WILL ISSUE ! REQUISITE 0ORD]S = PEACE TO BE RE/OR$40 .<,FROM ,FRANCISCO ,LACRUZ ,EL ,ALZAMI5TO1 LA REVOLUCION Y EL T]ROR 5 ,B>CELONA 7,LIBR]IA ,>YSEL1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#d#c7.> ,FRANCISCO ,LACRUZ'S 9=MATION WAS PROBABLY LIFT$ FROM ! PAMPHLET PUBLI%$ ANONYM\SLY BY ,AGU/9 ,S\*Y 9 #aicg :I* /AT$3 0,TO 5SURE ?AT ?IS 9CID5T W\LD NOT LEAD TO WID] CLA%ES1 ! POLICE *IEF ,]OLES1 ! ,CONTROL ,PATROLS' G5]AL SECRET>Y ,AS5S1 & COMRADE ,DIAZ1 REPRES5T+ ! ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEE1 J\RNEY$ TO ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE .<444.> ,VAL]IO ,MAS1 ALONG ) SOME O!R COMRADES1 SPOKE TO ! PREMI]1 ,T>RADELLAS & ! C\NCILOR ( ! ,9T]IOR1 ,AIGUADE1 TO URGE !M TO PULL \T ! TROOPS4 .<444.> ,T>RADELLAS .<444.> & ,AIGUADE ASSUR$ !M ?AT !Y KNEW NO?+ ( :AT HAD HAPP5$ AT ! ,TELEPHONE ,EX*ANGE4 ,IT WAS DISCOV]$ LAT] ?AT ,AIGUADE HIMSELF HAD SIGN$ ! ORD] = IT TO BE OCCUPI$40 .<,LOS SUCESOS DE ,B>CELONA4 ,RELACION444 OP4 CIT4 P4 #a#b.> .<#h.> ,SEE ! CLAIMS ( ,JULIAN ,GORK9 9 0,REUNION DU S\S-SECRET>IAT 9T]NATIONAL DU ,P,\,M -- #ad MAI #a#i#c#g03 0,9 PO9T ( FACT ! MOVEM5T WAS 5TIRELY SPONTANE\S4 ,( C\RSE1 ?AT V]Y RELATIVE SPONTANEITY \ILY BY RANK & FILE ,C,N,T & ,F,A,I P]SONNEL1 HAD BE5 =M$ PRETTY WELL EV]Y:]E 9 ,B>CELONA & ACROSS ,CATALONIA4 ,= A TIME1 !SE ,COMMITTEES W]E SC>CELY ACTIVE1 YET IT CAN BE SAID ?AT IT WAS !Y :I* MOBILIZ$ ! WORK+ CLASS ON ,MAY #c4 ,!Y W]E ! ACTION GR\PS BEH9D ! MOVEM5T4 ,WE KN[ ?AT NO G5]AL /RIKE 9/RUCTIONS W5T \T FROM EI!R ( ! TWO TRADE UNION ASSOCIATIONS40 .<#h#a.> ,JORDI ,>QU] ,HI/ORIA DE LA FUNDACIO I ACTUACIO DE LA ',AGRUPACIO ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI' ,UNPUBLI%$ MANUSCRIPT .<,DEPOSIT$ ) ! ,HOOV] ,9/ITUTION.> .<#h#b.> ,IBID4 .<#h#c.> ,JORDI ,>QU]1 OP4 CIT4 ,!RE CAN BE NO QUE/ION BUT ?AT ,N9 TOOK AN 9T]E/ 9 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI RILY AS ,M>* #d1 #a#i#c#g1 9 ,LA ,BATALLA 1 ,N9 PUBLI%$ AN >TICLE FULSOME 9 ITS PRAISES = !,IDEASMOOT$ BY ,JAIME ,BALIUS 9 AN >TICLE PR9T$ 9 ,LA ,NO*E ( ,M>* #b1 #a#i#c#g1 9 :I* HE W>N$ ( ! DANG]S ( ! C\NT]REVOLUTION'S /EADY PROGRESS 9 ,CATALONIA4 .<#h#d.> ,ON ,MAY #cRD1 ! ,C,N,T ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE & ! ,P,\,M'S ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE MET 9 ! ,CASA ,C,N,T-,F,A,I = TALKS AB\T ! SITUATION4 ,AFT] L5G?Y & DETAIL$ ANALYSIS ( ! PROSPECTS = ACTION ON ! P>T ( ! ,P,\,MI/S1 ,VAL]IO ,MAS1 ON BEHALF ( ! ,C,N,T ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE1 ?ANK$ ,N91 ,&RADE & ,SOLANO = A PLEASANT EV5+1 REIT]AT+ SEV]AL TIMES ?AT ! DEBATE & DISCUSSION HAD BE5 HI$ !IR TEE?1 ?AT ! B>RICADES HAD TO COME D[N N[1 BECAUSE ! ,/AL9I/S & ,REPUBLICANS1 HAV+ TE/$ ! /R5G? ( ! ,C,N,T1 W\LD NOT D>E GO BEYOND ?AT4 ,ON MAK+ HIS WAY BACK TO ! ,RAMBLAS1 & DODG+ ! B>RICADES1 ,&RADE C\LD NOT HELP REPEAT+ OV] & OV] TO HIMSELF3 0,A PLEASANT EV5+6 ,A PLEASANT EV5+60 .<,ORAL EVID5CE TAK5 FROM ,WILEBALDO ,SOLANO1 ,B>CELONA ,JUNE #a#f1 #a#i#i#d.> ,ON ! MEET+ BETWE5 A ,P,\,M DELEGATION MADE UP ( ,N91 ,&RADE1 ,GORK91 ,BONET & ,SOLANO & ! ,C,N,T ,REGIONAL ,COMMITTEE1 &1 MORE ESPECIALLY1 ) ITS SECRET>Y1 ,VAL]IO ,MAS1 SEE ,WILEBALDO ,SOLANO 0,LA ,JUV5TUD ,COMUNI/A ,IB]ICA 7,P,\,M7 5 LAS JORNADAS DE MAYO DE #aicg 5 ,B>CELONA0 9 ,LS SUCESOS DE MAYO DE #a#i#c#g1 ,UNA REVOLUCION 5 LA ,REPUBLICA 7,FUNDACION ,N9 Y ,FUNDACION ,SEGUI1 ,P&OLA ,LIBROS1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#h#h1 PP4 #a#e#h-#a#f7 .<#h#e.> ,JORDI ,>QU]1 OP4 CIT4 ,SEE ALSO ,WILEBALDO ,SOLANO1 OP4 CIT4 .<#h#f.> ,JORDI ,>QU]1 OP4 CIT4 ,SEE ALSO ,LA ,BATALLA $ITORIALS 9 ,NOS4 #bce 7,MAY #f1 #a#i#c#g7 #bcf 7,MAY #g1 #a#i#c#g7 & #bcg 7,MAY #h1 #a#i#c#g7 .<#h#g.> ,ACCORD+ TO ! ,?ALMANNS' ACC\NT4 ,SEE ,NOTE #a ABOVE4 .<#h#h.> ,WILEBALDO ,SOLANO1 OP4 CIT4 P4 #afd .<#h#i.> ,! ,B>CELONA ,LOCAL ,COMMITTEE 7( ! ,P,\,M7 0,9=ME DE LA ACTUACION DEL ,COMITE LOCAL DURANTE LOS DIAS DE MAYO QUE E/A PRES5TA A DISCUSION DE LAS CELULAS DE ,B>CELONA10 ,>*IVO ,HI/ORICO ,NACIONAL DE ,MADRID4 .<#i.> ,ACCORD+ TO ,BALIUS'S [N CLAIMS 9 HIS CORRESPOND5CE ) ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT51 DI/RIBUT+ ! H&BILL ON ! B>RICADES CO/ SEV]AL ,GR\P MEMB]S !IR LIVES4 ,= ! PR9T+ & DI/RIBUTION ( ! H&BILL1 SEE ,PAVEL & ,CL>A ,?ALMANN ,COMBATS P\R LA LIB]TE4 ,MOSC\1 ,MADRID1 ,P>IS 7,SP>TACUS1 ,P>IS1 #a#i#h#c1 PP4 #a#h#i-#a#i#a7 .<#i#a.> ,JOSEP ,REBULL'S ANSW] ,NO4 #g TO A QUE/IONNAIRE PUT TO HIM BY ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON 7,BANYULS-SUR-M]1 ,DECEMB] #a#f1 #a#i#h#e73 ,QUE/ION3 ,DID ,CELL #gb ATTEMPT TO E/ABLI% CONTACTS ) O!R GR\PS ) AN EYE TO CREAT+ A REVOLUTION>Y FRONT1 ?AT IS TO SAY1 ) ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\?1 ,BALIUS1 ,MUNIS1 OR O!R SEGM5TS ( ! ,P,\,M8 ,JOSEP ,REBULL3 ,! ONLY CONTACT ) ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' CAME DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS1 BUT ! NUM]ICAL SLI ,BALIUS SLAT$ 9 #a#i#g#a3 0ON ACC\NT ( ! 'CEASE-FIRE' ORD] ISSU$ BY ! ,C,N,T'S M9I/]S1 WE ISSU$ A MANIFE/O DESCRIB+ ! COMMITTEES RESPONSIBLE = ?AT ORD] AS 'TRAITORS & C[>DS4' ,?AT MANIFE/O WAS DI/RIBUT$ ?R\<\T ! ,CATALAN CAPITAL BY ! MEMB]S ( ! ,GR\P & BY ! ,LIB]T>IAN ,Y\? .<,JAIME ,BALIUS 0,POR LOS FU]OS DE LA V]DAD0 9 ,LE ,COMBAT SYNDICALI/E ( ,SEPTEMB] #b1 #a#i#g#a.> .<#i#c.> ,JORDI ,>QU]1 OP4 CIT4 .<#i#d.> ,SEE ,JUAN ,&RADE ,NOTAS SOBRE LA GU]RA CIVIL 7,ACTUACION DEL ,P,\,M7 7,$ICIONES ,LIB]T>IAS1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#h#f1 PP4 #a#a#g-#a#b#e7 .<#i#e.> ,BECAUSE !Y PUNCTURE ALL ! MY?OLOGY1 ,&RADE'S COMM5TS UPON ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI >E EXTREMELY 9T]E/+3 0.<444.> WE MADE CONTACT ) ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 A GR\P ( :I* IT HAS TO BE SAID ?AT !Y DID NOT AM\NT TO MU*1 BE+ A LIIAN M>XI/S' LIKE US4 ,I AM MAK+ ?IS PO9T BECAUSE AN ATTEMPT HAS S9CE BE5 MADE TO DEPICT ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI' AS A MITICULAT+ ! REVOLUTION>Y CONSCI\SNESS ( ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I4 ,9 REALITY1 !Y C\NT$ = NO?+ ORGANIZATIONALLY & W]E A MONUM5T ( CONFUSION 9 IDEOLOGICAL T]MS3 !Y HAD NO V]Y PRECISE IDEA ( :AT !Y WANT$ & :AT !Y LOV$ WAS ULTRA-REVOLUTION>Y TALK ) NO POLITICAL IMPACT1 PROVID$ ALWAYS ?AT !Y 9VOLV$ NO COMMITM5T TO ACTION & DID NOT BREA* ,F,A,I DISCIPL9E4 ,WE DID ALL ?AT WE C\LD1 9 SPITE ( EV]Y?+1 TO COME TO SOME AGREEM5T ON ! SITUATION1 BUT ,I BELIEVE WE ONLY MANAG$ TO JO9TLY SIGN ONE ( TWO MANIFE/OES URG+ RESI/ANCE1 BECAUSE !Y W\LD NOT C\NT5ANCE ANY?+ MORE4 ,LAT] ! GR\P VANI%$ COMPLETELY & F\ND NO PUBLIC EXPRESSION40 .<9 ,JUAN ,&RADE1 OP4 CIT4 #a#b.> ,9 ANY EV5T1 ,&RADE'S CLAIMS >E1 TO SAY ! LEA/1 CONTRADICTORY1 S9CE ONE IS =C$ TO WOND] :Y ! ,P,\,M BO!R$ TO HAVE TALKS ) ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI IF !Y AM\NT$ TO NO?+ & W]E NOBODIES4 ,!N AGA91 WE HAVE ALREADY PO9T$ TO ! 9T]E/ :I* ,N9 DISPLAY$ 9 ,BALIUS'S /ANCE & 9 ! BIR? ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 FROM AS E>LY AS ,M>* #a#i#c#g4 ,SIMIL>LY1 !RE IS NO QUE/ION BUT ?AT ,&RADE ( L#i#h#f CONTRADICTS ! ,&RADE ( #aicg :O WROTE ! >TICLE 0,C,N,T-,P,\,M0 C>RI$ BY ,LA ,BATALLA ON ,MAY #a1 #a#i#c#f3 SEE ,*APT] #e1 NOTE #e4 .<#i#f.> ,AS ,BALIUS HIMSELF WAS AT PA9S TO MAKE CLE>1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E ALONE .Y WAT*WORDS.> 9 WELCOM+ ! /REET-FIY PURPOSE3 0,9 ,ESPOIR1 ,FLOREAL ,CA/ILLO /ATES ?AT ,CAMILLO ,B]N]I WAS ! LEAD] ( ! OPPOSITION 9 ,MAY4 ,?IS IS WRONG4 ,CAMILLO ,B]N]I PUBLI%$ ,LA ,LUTTE DE ,CLASSES . BUT PLAY$ NO ACTIVE ROLE4 ,IT WAS ! M5 FROM ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI :O TURN$ UP ! HEAT4 ,IT WAS ! M9]S ( ,SALL5T :O ]ECT$ ! B>RICADE ON ! ,RAMBLAS AT ! JUNCTION ) ! ,CALLE ,HOSPITAL1 BESIDE \R BELOV$ ,GR\P'S HEADQU>T]S40 .<,JAIME ,BALIUS 0,POR LOS FU]OS DE LA V]DAD0 9 ,LE ,COMBAT SYNDICALI/E ( ,SEPTEMB] #b1 #a#i#g#a.> ,BALIUS'S TE/IMONY IS CORROBORAT$ BY ,JAUME ,MIRAVI!S3 0,! CITY -- SO F> AS ,I KN[ -- IS OCCUPI$ ?R\<\T BY ,F,A,I P]SONNEL1 ESPECIALLY BY GR\PS FROM ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 & BY RELATIVELY L>GE NUMB]S FROM ! ,P,\,M40 .<,JAUME ,MIRAVI!S ,EPISODIS DE LA GU]RA CIVIL ESPANYOLA4 ,NOTES DEL MEUS >XIUS 7#b7 7,PORTIC1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#g#b1 P4 #a#d#d7.> .<#i#g.> ,AS ,BALIUS SAYS 9 HIS >TICLE 0,POR LOS FU]OS DE LA V]DAD10 CIT$ E>LI]1 ! B>RICADE WAS BUILT BY M9]S FROM ,SALL5T4 .<#i#h.> ,SEE ,PABLO ,RUIZ 0,ELOGIO PO/UMO DE ,BALIUS0 9 ,LE ,COMBAT SYNDICALI/E_/,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A ( ,JANU>Y #i1 #a#i#h#a4 .<#i#i.> ,9 HIS >TICLE 0,POR LOS FU]OS DE LA V]DAD10 ,BALIUS HAS ?IS TO SAY3 0,LAT] CAME ! UKASE FROM ! HI<] COMMITTEES ORD]+ \R EXPULSION1 BUT ?IS WAS REJECT$ BY ! RANK & FILE 9 ! TRADE UNION ASSEMBLIES & AT A PL5UM ( ,F,A,I GR\PS HELD 9 ! ,CASA ,C,N,T-,F,A,I40 .<#a.> ,! WELCOME & WIDESPREAD SYMPA?Y WON BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI FROM ! ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP >E EVID5T1 NOT JU/ 9 ! P[]LESSNESS ( ! ,C,N,T COMMITTEES & LEAD]%IP TO SECURE !IR EXPULSION1 BUT ALSO 9 ! DISCONT5T & DELIB]ATION :I* L$1 FOLL[+ ! ,MAY EV5TS1 TO ! EM]G5CE ( A CONSPIRATORIAL /RUCTURE )9 ! LIB]T>IAN ORGANIZATIONS1 :I* ?REW UP DOCUM5TS 5TITL$ 0,APORTACION A UN PROYECTO DE ORGANIZACION CONSPIRATIVA0 & 0,9=ME RESPECTO A LA PREP>ACION DE UN GOLPE DE ,E/ADO10 AS PUBLI%$ 9 ! AN?OLOGY ,SUCESOS DE MAYO 7#a#i#c#g7 ,CUAD]NOS DE LA GU]RA CIVIL ,NO4 #a1 7,FUNDACION ,SALVADOR ,SEGUI1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#h#g7 .<#a#a.> ,ISSUE ,NO4 #a ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO BE>S NO DATE4 ,! ,GR\P HAD DI/RIBUT$ A NOTICE ANN\NC+ ?AT ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 ! M\?PIECE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 W\LD BE APPE>+1 ON ,W$NESDAY ,MAY #a#i4 ,TAV]A & ,UCELAY MI/AK5LY GIVE ! DATE ( ,MAY #a#a1 #a#i#c#g1 PROBABLY TAK5 FROM ! ,MANIFE/O REPRODUC$ ON ! SECOND PAGE ( ! FIR/ ISSUE ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO4 ,PAUL ,%>KEY GIVES ! MU* MORE LIKELY DATE ( ,MAY #b4 ,!N AGA91 GIV5 ! WEEKLY P]IODICITY :I* IT WAS 9T5D$ ! PAP] %\LD HAVE1 & ?AT ISSUE ,NO4 #b ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO WAS PUBLI%$ ON ,MAY #b#f1 #a#i#c#g1 !RE CAN BE NO D\BT ( ! DATE ON :I* ,NO4 #a APPE>$4 .<#a#b.> ,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A WAS UND] ! MANAGEM5T ( ,JAC9TO ,TORYHO1 :O WAS APPO9T$ $ITOR-9-*IEF ( ! ,C,N,T'S MA9 NEWSPAP] ON ACC\NT ( HIS RESOLUTE DEF5SE ( ,C,N,T COLLABORATIONISM & DISCIPL9E4 ,HE WAS PR(\NDLY AT LOGG]HEADS ) ,BALIUS1 :O HAD ALWAYS BE5 HI*O-SYNDICALI/ COLLABORATIONISM4 ,REG>D+ ,TORYHO & HIS 5MITY & FRICTION ) ,BALIUS1 SEE ! 9T]E/+ /UDY MADE 9 AN O!RWISE DEPLORABLE >TICLE BY ,SUSANA ,TAV]A & ,5RIC ,UCELAY DA ,CAL1 CIT$ E>LI]3 AS WELL AS ,JORDI ,SABAT]'S BOOK ,AN>QUISME I CATALANISME4 ,LA ,C,N,T I EL FET NACIONAL CATALA DURANT LA ,GU]RA ,CIVIL 7,$ICIONS #f#b1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#h#f1 PP4 #a#i-#a#a7 .<#a#c.> ,AS /AT$ BY ,BALIUS 9 HIS LETT] TO ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT5 FROM ,CU]NAVACA1 ,JUNE #b#d1 #a#i#d#f4 .<#a#d.> ,IBID4 .<#a#e.> ,JORDI ,>QU] ,HI/ORIA 444 OP4 CIT4 ,COLONEL ,BURILLO HAD BE5 9VOLV$ 9 ! >RE/ ( ,N9 & ! RE/ ( ! ,P,\,M LEAD]%IP4 .<#a#f.> ,9 FACT1 ON ,JUNE #a#f1 F\R DAYS AFT] ! DATE ON :I* ,NO4 #c ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO CAME \T1 ! ,P,\,M WAS \TLAW$ & ITS MILITANTS & LEAD]S >RE/$ &_/OR MURD]$1 9 AN OP]ATION1 UNPREC$5T$ 9 ,SPA91 OV]SE5 BY ! ,C,P,U & ,SPANI% ,/AL9I/S4 .<#a#g.> ,WE NE$ NOT1 WE FEEL1 GO 9TO ! DIFF]5CES BETWE5 REVOLUTION>Y M>XISM & ,/AL9ISM4 ,ANYONE 9T]E/$ 9 ?IS MATT] CAN REF] TO ISSUE ,NO4 L ( ,BALANCE4 .<#a#h.> ,SO1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI DID NOT REG>D ! ,ANTIFASCI/ ,MILITIAS' ,COMMITTEE 7,C,A,M,C7 AS DUAL P[] 9 EMBRYO1 BUT RA!R AS A CLASS COLLABORATION AG5CY4 ,?IS WAS ! SAME CONCLUSION TO :I* ,N91 ,AZANA1 ,T>RADELLAS1 ! ,BORDIGUI/S1 ETC4 HAD COME & FLIES 9 ! FACE ( ! ACADEMIC1 HI/ORIOGRAPHICAL !SIS PRES5T+ ! ,C,A,M,C AS EMBRYONIC WORK]S' P[] 9 CONTRADI/9CTION TO ! ,G5]ALIDAD4 .<#a#i.> ,9 ! 9DICTM5T DRAWN UP 9 ,FEBRU>Y-,M>* #ai* AGA9/ ! MILITANTS ( ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION1 !RE IS REF]5CE TO A SE>* C>RI$ \T AT ! PR9T WORKS ( ONE ( ?OSE 9DICT$1 ! PR9T] ,BALDOM]O ,PALAU4 ,! SE>* C>RI$ \T AT ! PR9T WORKS 9 ,B>CELONA'S ,CALLE ,SALM]ON UNCOV]$ A MAS!AD = ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A1 US$ 9 ! PR9T+ ( ,NO4 #c1 DAT$ ,FEBRU>Y #a#e1 #a#i#c#h4 ,! DOCUM5T ALSO M5TIONS ! DISCOV]Y ( TWO MAS!ADS FROM ! NEWSPAP] ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO4 ,?IS WAS ,NO4 #ab ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 PUBLI%$ 9 ,B>CELONA ON ,FEBRU>Y #a1 #a#i#c#h4 ,MOREOV]1 9 ,CIRCUL> ,NO4 #d FROM ! ,REGIONAL ,LABOR ,CONF$]ATION 7,C,N,T7 ( ,CATALONIA .1 !RE IS A REPRODUCTION ( A CIRCUL> ISSU$ BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 7DATE UNKN[N1 BUT WE IMAG9E FROM ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#g7 TO ALL ,C,N,T UNIONS 9 ,CATALONIA1 REQUE/+ F9ANCIAL ASSI/ANCE 9 ! PUR*ASE ( A COPY+ MA*9E BECAUSE 0IT IS BECOM+ 9CREAS+LY H>D] TO GET \T ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO4 ,PR9T]S FI ( ! AU?ORITIES4 ,! DAY WILL COME :5 WE WILL NO LONG] BE ABLE TO GET IT \T1 BECAUSE ( ?IS PROBLEM40 .<#a#a.> ,?IS WAS D\BTLESS A PR9T+ ]ROR4 ,! DATE %\LD BE ,AUGU/ #c#a1 #a#i#c#g1 S9CE ,NO4 #h IS DAT$ ,SEPTEMB] #ba & !RE >E ONLY #c DAYS 9 ,SEPTEMB]4 .<#a#a#a.> ,AS HE HIMSELF TELLS US1 ,BALIUS HAD BE5 JAIL$ 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g3 0,I WAS HELD ON ! FIR/ GALL]Y ( ! ,MODEL ,PRISON4 ,?IS WAS 9 ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 AFT] ! ,MAY EV5TS40 .< ,JAIME ,BALIUS 0,NO ES HORA DE CONFUSIONISMOS0 9 ,LE ,COMBAT ,SYNDICALI/E ( ,APRIL #a#d1 #a#i#g#a.>4 ,H[EV]1 ! FIR/ REPORT ( ,BALIUS HAV+ BE5 JAIL$ APPE>$ 9 ISSUE ,NO4 #d ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO DAT$ ,JUNE #b#b1 #a#i#c#g4 ,GIV5 ?AT ISSUE ,NO4 #c ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S M\?PIECE WAS DAT$ ,JUNE #a#b1 #a#i#c#g1 ! LIKELIHOOD IS ?AT ,BALIUS'S 9C>C]ATION CO9CID$ ) ! MASS >RE/S ( ,P,\,M MILITANTS1 LAUN*$ ON ,JUNE #af :5 ! ,P,\,M WAS DECL>$ \TSIDE ! LAW4 .<#a#a#b.> ,AT NO TIME DO WE 5T] 9TO AN EXAM9ATION ( ,DURRUTI AS A P]SON1 NOR ( HIS POLITICAL IDEOLOGY4 ,WE M]ELY M5TION ! CLAIMS ( HIS CONTEMPOR>IES4 ,IT IS NOT \T ( PLACE TO RECALL ?AT ,BALIUS HELD ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P1 DESPITE ! NAME1 HAD NO IDEOLOGICAL L9KS ) ,DURRUTI4 ,!N AGA91 ,DURRUTI WAS PRIM>ILY AN ACTIVI/ & WAS NEV] A !ORI/1 NOR DID HE EV] CLAIM TO BE4 ,WE %\LD PO9T \T ALSO ?AT ,SOLI DID NOT REPR9T ,DURRUTI'S BROADCA/ SPEE*ES V]BATIM & UNABRIDG$4 .<#a#a#c.> ,ACCORD+ TO ,>QU]1 OP4 CIT41 AL?\< ! FIGURE SEEMS TO US A BIT 9FLAT$1 IF NOT 9CR$IBLE4 .<#a#a#d.> ,ON PAGE #af ( ! PAMPHLET ,HACIA UNA NUEVA REVOLUCION IT IS /AT$3 0,SIXTE5 MON?S HAVE PA/4 ,:AT REMA9S8 ,( ! SPIRIT OR ,JULY1 ONLY A MEMORY4 ,( ! ORGANISMS ( ,JULY1 A YE/]DAY40 ,FROM :I* \R D$UCTION IS ?AT ! PAMPHLET WAS DRAFT$ >\ND ,NOVEMB] #a#i#c#g1 :I* IS TO SAY1 SIXTE5 MON?S AFT] ,JULY #a#i#c#f4 .<#a#a#e.> ,9 HIS #ai< 9TRODUCTION TO ! ,5GLI%-LANGUAGE $ITION ( ! PAMPHLET1 ,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION1 HE SAYS ?AT IT WAS PUBLI%$ . 9 MID-#a#i#c#h3 & HE ALSO EXPLA9S ! BACKGR\ND TO ITS PUBLICATION3 0,I %ALL N[ PROCE$ ) A %ORT 9TRODUCTION TO \R PAMPHLET3 ,HACIA UNA NUEVA REVOLUCION4 ,FIR/ ( ALL1 :5 WAS IT WRITT58 ,>\ND MID-#a#i#c#h4 .<444.> ,SU* WAS ! TRAGIC H\R :5 WE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 AT ! ,GR\P'S LA/ SESSION1 AFT] PROLONG$ EXAM9ATION ( ! DISA/] 9TO :I* ! C\NT]REVOLUTION HAD PLUNG$ US1 & REG>DLESS ( ! SCALE ( ! DISA/]1 REFUS$ TO ACCEPT ! F9ALITY ( SU* DEFEAT4 ,! 9FAM\S POLICY PURSU$ BY ,L>GO ,CABALL]O1 :OSE GOV]NM5T CONTA9$ SEV]AL AN>*I/ MILITANTS1 HAD ]OD$ ! REVOLUTION>Y MORALE ( ! RE>GU>D3 & ! ,NEGR9 GOV]NM5T1 ! GOV]NM5T ( DEFEAT & CAPITULATION1 GAVE ! DEFEAT HECATOMB PROPORTIONS4 ,= ?IS REASON WE DECID$ TO PUBLI% ,HACIA UNA NUEVA REVOLUCION :I* WAS1 AS WE SAID1 A MESSAGE ( HOPE & A DET]M9ATION TO R5EW ! FIMES ( ! #a#i#cS 79 O!R WORDS1 ITS BLACK%IRTS & ITS BR[N%IRTS7 TO PUT D[N ! ,SPANI% WORK+ CLASS AT :OSE HEAD M>*$ ! AN>*I/S & ! REVOLUTION>Y RANK & FILE ( ! ,C,N,T4 ,SEE ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P ,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION 7,NEW ,AN>*I/ ,LIBR>Y 7#b7 ,TRANSLAT$ BY ,PAUL ,%>KEY4 ,S&AY1 ,ORKNEY #a#i#g#h74 ,H[EV]1 9 SPITE ( :AT ,BALIUS CLAIMS 9 NO4 #ab ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO !RE WAS A REF]5CE TO ! PAMPHLET1 REC5TLY PUBLI%$ BY ! ,GR\P & 5TITL$ ,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION4 ,S9CE ISSUE ,NO4 #ab ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S M\?PIECE IS DAT$ ,FEBRU>Y #a1 #a#i#c#h1 IT CAN BE /AT$ ?AT ! PAMPHLET APPE>$ 9 ,JANU>Y #a#i#c#h4 .<#a#a#f.> ,WE HAVE CONSULT$ ! PAMPHLET 9 ! ORIG9AL1 :I* DIFF]S SLI ,NOTE ! DI/9CTION DRAWN BY ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI BETWE5 ! 0M>XI/0 LEAD]S 7M>XI/ MEAN+ ,/AL9I/ C\NT]REVOLUTION>IES7 & ! EXCLUSION ( ! ,P,\,M 7,P,\,MI/S AS REVOLUTION>IES DIFF]5T FROM ! ,/AL9I/S7 FROM ! UNIT$ FRONT4 .<#a#a#i.> ,9 #aiga ,BALIUS REIT]AT$ ?IS VIEW3 0,& ,I WANT TO F9I% ) ! UPRIS+ ( ,MAY #a#i#c#g4 ,! MI/AKES MADE C\LD /ILL HAVE BE5 SET RICELONA1 BUT ! 'CEASE-FIRE' & ! PRESSURES & >GUM5TS BR\ UPON ! COMM&]S ( ! TWO DIVISIONS .IAN EPIC4 ,HAD WE BE5 ABLE TO CALL UPON A CAPABLE REVOLUTION>Y LEAD]%IP1 WE W\LD HAVE MADE & CONSOLIDAT$ A REVOLUTION ?AT MI ,& YET ,BALIUS HAD 79 #a#i#c#e87 PUBLI%$ ?R\< ! ,$ITORIAL ,R5AC] A PAMPHLET 5TITL$ ,EL NACIONALISMO Y EL PROLET>IADO 9 :I* HE SET \T1 FROM AN AN>*I/ & WORK]I/ ANGLE1 V]Y 9TRIGU+,IDEASON ! MATT] ( NATIONALISM4 .<#a#b#a.> ,SEE ,B5JAM9 ,P]ET & ,G4 ,MUNIS ,LOS S9DICATOS CONTRA LA REVOLUCION 7,=1 ,AP>TADO #e#c#e#e1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#i#b74 ,SEE ALSO ! APPEAL ISSU$ BY ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA9 ON ,JUNE #b#f1 #aicg 7T5 DAYS AFT] ! \TLAW+ ( ! ,P,\,M7 TO ! ,P,\,M LEFT3 ,9/EAD ( US+ A ,UNIT$ ,FRONT TO M>%AL ! REVOLUTION>Y AN>*I/ MASSES AGA9/ !IR AN>*O-RE=MI/ LEAD]S1 Y\R LEAD]%IP BL9DLY FOLL[$ ! ,C,N,T4 ,?IS FACT WAS MO/ PLA9LY DEMON/RAT$ DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS1 :5 ! ,P,\,M ORD]$ A RETREAT BE=E ANY CONCRETE OBJECTIVE1 SU* AS ! DIS>M+ ( ! SECURITY =CES1 HAD BE5 A*IEV$4 ,DUR+ ! EV5TS1 ! ,P,\,M WAS M]ELY AN APP5DAGE ( ! AN>*O-RE=MI/ LEAD]%IP4 ,! REV]SE SIDE ( ?IS POLICY ( SUPPORT = ! ,C,N,T BUREAUCRACY HAS BE5 ! AB&ONM5T ( ! COMMITTEES ( WORK]S1 PEASANTS & COMBATANTS :I* HAD SPRUNG UP SPONTANE\SLY4 ,SO Y\ >E CUT (F FROM ! MASSES4 ,Y\R LEAD]S CONCOCT$ NEW !ORIES UND] :I* ! UNIONS1 ?OSE AG$ BUREAUCRATIC MA*9ES1 C\LD TAKE P[]4 ,Y\ HAD DONE NO?+ TO HALT ! DISSOLUTION ( ! LOCAL COMMITTEES1 :ILE Y\ W]E EXPELL+ \R COMRADES = C>RY+ \T PROPAG&A ON ! COMMITTEES' BEHALF4 ,BUT DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS Y\ SWIFTLY TURN$ TO ! DEF5SE COMMITTEES4 ,?IS ELEV5? H\R /ANCE WAS ( C\RSE UTT]LY 9ADEQUATE1 = IT IS NOT 5\< TO ISSUE A HA/Y CALL = 0COMMITTEES03 !Y HAVE TO BE ORGANIZ$ 9 PRACTICAL T]MS4 ,BUT 9 FACT1 RICELONA ,JUNE #b#f1 #a#i#c#g7 O ,NOTES .<#a#b#b.> ,9 #aici ,$U>DO ,MAURICO CAME UP ) A V]Y SIMIL> CRITIQUE ( ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S PROGRAM3 ,= SU* GR\PS . ! ROOT ( ALL EVIL HAD BE5 ! AB&ONM5T ( 'PR9CIPLES' BY ! LEAD]%IP4 ,A REV]SION TO ':OLESOME PR9CIPLES'1 A RETURN TO 'PURITY'1 'A FRE% />T' -- ?AT 9 ITS 5TIRETY WAS ! PROGRAM & ! RALLY+ CRY ( !SE FACTIONS4 ,N[1 />T+ AFRE% IS AN UTT] IMPOSSIBILITY4 ,!RE IS MORE LIKELY TO BE A RE5ACTM5T ( HI/ORY4 ,!RE CAN BE NO RETURN TO ! SITUATION PRIOR TO ,JULY #a#i3 BUT ! SAME MI/AKES CAN BE MADE 9 SIMIL> CIRCUM/ANCES4 ,! BIGGE/ MI/AKE ?AT !SE FACTIONS TODAY CAN MAKE IS TO FAIL TO DRAW ALL ( ! LESSONS EVID5T 9 ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION1 ALL 9 ! NAME ( 'PURITY ( PR9CIPLES4' ,?AT 9ITIAL MI/AKE W\LD 9DUCE !M SOON] OR LAT] TO MAKE ! SAME MI/AKES & COMPROMISES :I* TODAY !Y >E AGA9/4 ,& ! PRIM>Y CONSEQU5CE ( ! ,SPANI% ,REVOLUTION IS ?AT ! COMPROMISES BY ! ,G>CIA ,OLIV]S & ! ,CIPRIANO ,M]AS W]E NOT DUE TO ! AB&ONM5T ( ! ,C,N,T'S TRADITIONAL 'APOLITICISM1' BUT W]E D[N TO ?AT 'APOLITICISM' ITSELF1 ?AT IS1 TO ! LACK ( A REVOLUTION>Y !ORY1 9 ! ABS5CE ( :I* REVOLUTION IS IMPOSSIBLE4 7,L597 .<,O4 ,EMEM 0,SITUACION REVOLUCION>IA4 ,EL POD]4 ,EL P>TIDO40 9 6,EXP]I5CE ESPANOLE4 ,FAITS ET DOCUM5TS ,NO4 #b1 ,P>IS1 ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#i.> .<#a#b#c.> ,!RE W]E TWO RIVAL ,TROTSKYI/ GR\PS 9 EXI/5CE 9 ,SPA9 DUR+ ! CIVIL W>3 ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION L$ BY ,MUNIS & ! 0,LE ,SOVIET0 GR\P L$ BY 0,FOSCO40 ,WE MAKE NO REF]5CES H]E TO 0,LE ,SOVIET0 BECAUSE IT HAD NO DEAL+S ) ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,= ?IS REASON WE USE ! T]M ,TROTSKYI/ AS A SYNONYM = MILITANTS ( ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION4 .<#a#b#d.> ,= ! 0,COMMUNI/ ,UNION ,MANIFE/O0 AS AN HI/ORIOGRAPHICAL ]ROR SEE3 ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON 0,EL ,MANIFIE/O DE ,UNION ,COMMUI/DA3 UN REPETIDO ]ROR 5 LA HI/ORIOGRAFIA SOBRE LA GU]RA CIVIL0 9 ,LA ,HI/ORIA I EL ,JOVES HI/ORIADORS CATALANS1 ,PON5CIES I ,COMUNICACIONS DE LES ,PRIM]ES ,JORNADES DE ,JOVES ,HI/ORIADORS ,CALALANS1 CELEBLADES ELS DIES #d1 #e I #f D'OCTUBRE DE #aihd 7,$ICIONS ,LA ,MAGRANA ,B>CELONA #a#i#h#f7 & ,PAUL ,%>KEY ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 ,A ,*RONOLOGY 7,$ITORIAL ,CRISOL1 ,TOKYO ,MAY #a#i#h#d7 .<#a#b#e.> ,ON ?IS PO9T WE >E 9 AGREEM5T ) ,PAUL ,%>KEY4 .<#a#b#f.> ,SEE ,MUNIS'S >TICLE 9 ,NO4 #b ( ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A 7,AUGU/ #b#c1 #a#i#c#g7 5TITL$ 0,LA ,JUNTA REVOLUCION>IA Y LOS ',AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI'10 :]E9 ,MUNIS ANALYZES ! CONCEPT ( REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA *AMPION$ BY ! ,GR\P 9 ,NO4 #f ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO 7,AUGU/ #a#b1 #a#i#c#g74 .<#a#b#g.> ,9 HIS LETT] TO ,BOLLOT5 WRITT5 FROM ,CU]NAVACA & DAT$ ,JUNE #b1 #aidf ,BALIUS /AT$3 ,! ALLEG$ 9FLU5CE ( ! ,P,\,M OR ! ,TROTSKYI/S UPON US IS UNTRUE4 ,Y\ WILL APPRECIATE ?AT ! ,GR\P ( US ,C,N,T COMRADES :O HEAD$ ! ,GR\P KNEW P]FECTLY WELL :AT WE WANT$4 ,WE W]E NOT NEWCOM]S TO ! REVOLUTION>Y LI/S4 ,CONSEQU5TLY1 ALL ( ! CLAIMS ?AT HAVE BE5 TOSS$ >\ND >E UTT]LY UNF\ND$4 ,BY MY RECKON+ :AT ,I HAVE SAID %\LD BE 5\<4 ,Y\ MAY DESCRIBE ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P AS AN ATTEMPT BY A GR\P ( ,C,N,T MILITANTS TO RESCUE IT FROM ! MORASS 9 :I* IT F\ND ITSELF & AT ! SAME TIME TO SALVAGE ! ,SPANI% REVOLUTION :I* HAD BE5 M5AC$ FROM ! \TSET BY C\NT]REVOLUTION>Y =CES :I* ! ,C,N,T 9 ITS NAIVETE HAD FAIL$ TO ELIM9ATE4 ,ESPECIALLY 9 ,CATALONIA1 :]E NO ONE C\LD HAVE *ALL5G$ \R SUPREMACY4 ,9 A LETT] FROM ,HY]ES 7,FRANCE7 TO ,PAUL ,%>KEY1 ON ,SEPTEMB] #g1 #a#i#g#d1 ,BALIUS HIMSELF /RESS$ ! 9DEP5D5CE ( ! ,GR\P1 CONFIRM+ ! COMPLETE ABS5CE ( CONTACTS BETWE5 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI & ! ,TROTSKYI/S & ! ,P,\,M1 PRIOR TO ,MAY #a#i#c#g3 0,WE HAD NO CONTACT ) ! ,P,\,M1 NOR ) ! ,TROTSKYI/S1 BUT !RE WAS SOME MIX+ ON ! /REETS1 ) RIFLES 9 H&40 .<#a#b#h.> ,JAIME ,BALIUS 0,POR LOS FU]OS DE LA V]DAD0 9 ,LE ,COMBAT SYNDICALI/E ( ,SEPTEMB] #b1 #a#i#g#a4 .<#a#b#i.> ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A ,NO4 #b1 ,B>CELONA1 ,AUGU/ #b#c1 #a#i#c#g4 .<#a#c.> ,9 ,B>CELONA ! ,P,\,M'S LEFT WAS REPRES5T$ BY ,CELL #g#b1 & MORE SPECIFICALLY BY ITS SECRET>Y ,JOSEP ,REBULL1 ! ADM9I/RATOR ( ,LA ,BATALLA & ! ,$ITORIAL ,M>XI/A4 ,JOSEP ,REBULL HAD DRAFT$ A C\NT]-PROPOSITION 9 ANTICIPATION ( ! CONV5+ ( ! ,P,\,M'S SECOND CONGRESS1 AT :I* HE DELIV]$ A RADICAL CRITIQUE ( ! POLITICAL POLICY PURSU$ BY ! ,P,\,M ,EXECUTIVE ,COMMITTEE4 .<#a#c#a.> ,REPR9T$ ) ! P]MISSION ( ,! ,H\Y 7,H>V>D ,UNIV]SITY74 .<#a#c#b.> ,REPR9T$ ) ! P]MISSION ( ,! ,H\Y 7,H>V>D ,UNIV]SITY74 .<#a#c#c.> ,! LEAFLET FROM ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION DI/RIBUT$ ON ,MAY #d1 #aicg 7RECON/ITUT$ FROM ! FACSIMILE PUBLI%$ 9 ,LUTTE \VRI]E ,NO4 #d#h1 ( ,JUNE #a1 #a#i#c#g7 READS3 ,LONG LIVE ! REVOLUTION>Y (F5SIVE6 ,NO COMPROMISES4 ,DIS>M ! ,G,N,R .<,REPUBLICAN ,NATIONAL ,GU>D.> & ! REACTION>Y ,ASSAULT ,GU>DS4 ,?IS IS A CRUCIAL JUNCTURE4 ,IT WILL BE TOO LATE NEXT TIME4 ,G5]AL ,/RIKE 9 EV]Y 9DU/RY NOT WORK+ = ! W> EF=T UNTIL SU* TIME AS ! REACTION>Y GOV]NM5T /EPS D[N4 ,PROLET>IAN P[] ALONE CAN GU>ANTEE MILIT>Y VICTORY4 ,COMPLETE >M+ ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,LONG LIVE ! ,C,N,T-,F,A,I-,P,\,M UNITY ( ACTION6 ,LONG LIVE ! ,REVOLUTION>Y ,FRONT ( ! ,PROLET>IAT4 ,REVOLUTION>Y ,DEF5SE ,COMMITTEES 9 ! WORK%OPS1 FACTORIES1 B>RICADES1 ETC44440 .<#a#c#d.> ,MUNIS (F]$ A V]Y LIVELY CRITICISM ( ! AMBIGUITY & 9DECISION ( ! SO-CALL$ ,P,\,M LEFT 9 ,B>CELONA1 9 ! =M ( ,CELL #g#b1 :I*1 AT ! BEG9N+ ( #a#i#c#h1 W\LD DW9DLE TO ITS SECRET>Y ,JOSEP ,REBULL & NO ONE ELSE3 SEE ,GR&IZO ,MUNIS 0,C>TA A UN OBR]O P\MI/A4 ,IA ,B&]A DE LA ,I,V ,9T]NACIONAL ES LA UNICA B&]A DE LA REVOLUCION PROLET>IA0 9 ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A ,NO4 #c1 ( ,FEBRU>Y #e1 #a#i#c#h4 .<#a#c#e.> ,9 ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A ,NO4 #b 7#b#c ,AUGU/ #a#i#c#g71 ,MUNIS MADE A CRITIQUE ( ! NOTION ( ! 0REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA0 SET \T 9 ,NO4 #f ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO 7,AUGU/ #a#b1 #a#i#c#g74 ,9 ,MUNIS'S VIEW1 ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI SUFF]$ FROM A PROGRESSIVE !ORETICAL DECL9E & A PRACTICAL 9ABILITY TO 9FLU5CE ! ,C,N,T1 :I* L$ !M TO AB&ON SOME POSITIONS :I* ! ,MAY EXP]I5CE HAD 5ABL$ !M TO OCCUPY4 ,MUNIS NOT$ ?AT 9 ,MAY #aicg ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI HAD ISSU$ ! CALL = A 0REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA0 ALONGSIDE 0ALL P[] TO ! PROLET>IAT03 :]EAS 9 ,NO4 #f ( ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO 7,AUGU/ #a#b1 #a#i#c#g7 ! SLOGAN 0REVOLUTION>Y JUNTA0 WAS 9VOK$ AS AN ALT]NATIVE TO ! 0FAILURE ( ALL ,/ATI/ =MS40 ,ACCORD+ TO ,MUNIS1 ?IS REPRES5T$ A !ORETICAL RETREAT FROM ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'S ASSIMILATION ( ! ,MAY EXP]I5CES1 TAK+ !M FUR!R AWAY FROM ! M>XI/ NOTION ( ! DICTATOR%IP ( ! PROLET>IAT1 & DRAW+ !M BACK 9TO ! AMBIGUITIES ( ! AN>*I/ !ORY ( ! ,/ATE4 .<#a#c#f.> ,REPRODUC$ 9 ,PI]RE ,BR\E ,LEON ,TROTSKY4 ,LA REVOLUCION ESPANOLA 7#a#i#c-#a#i#d7 ,VOL4 ,I,I1 PP4 #d#e#d#i4 .<#a#c#g.> ,JOSE ,PEIRATS ,EL MOVIMI5TO LIB]T>ION 5 ,ESPANA 7#a7 ,JOSE ,PEIRATS ,COLECCION DE ,HI/ORID ,ORAL1 ,FUNDACION ,SALVADOR ,SEGUI1 ,MADRID1 UNDAT$4 .<#a#c#h.> ,JOSE ,PEIRATS ,LA ,C,N,T 5 LA REVOLUCION ESPANOLA ?REE VOLUMES4 7,RU$O ,IB]ICO1 ,P>IS1 #a#i#g#a74 ,9 ?IS1 ! (FICIAL HI/ORY ( ! ,C,N,T1 ,PEIRATS H>DLY M5TIONS ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI4 .<#a#c#i.> ,UNPUBLI%$ 9T]VIEW GIV5 TO ,AGU/9 ,GUILLAMON BY ,JOSEP ,REBULL1 AS CIT$ PREVI\SLY4 .<#a#d.> ,JORDI ,>QU] ,HI/ORIA DE LA FUNDACIO 444 OP4 CIT4 .<#a#d#a.> ,9 ! AFFIDAVIT TAK5 FROM ,MANUEL ,F]N&EZ 70,MUNIS07 BY A MAGI/RATE & US$ AS P>T ( ! BOOK ( EVID5CE 9 ! ,ESPIONAGE & ,HI< ,TREASON ,TRIBUNAL ( ,CATALONIA V]SUS ! MILITANTS ( ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION ( ,SPA91 WE READ3 0,QUE/ION$ AS TO :I* AN>*I/ GR\PS ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION1 ( :I* ! DEPON5T .<0,MUNIS0.> WAS ! G5]AL SECRET>Y1 WAS 9 CAHOOTS )1 HE /ATES3 ,?AT !Y W]E 9 CAHOOTS ) NO ONE1 S9CE1 HAD HE BE51 IT W\LD HAVE BE5 ) P]SONS :O HAD /OPP$ BE+ AN>*I/S 9 ORD] TO JO9 ! ,BOL%EVIK-,L59I/ ,SECTION1 ADD+ ?AT !Y US$ TO S5D ! CL&E/9E PRESS !Y PUBLI%$ TO SOME P]SONS :O BELONG$ TO ! ',FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI'1 AS WELL AS TO ,U,G,T & ,C,N,T P]SONNEL TOO40 .<#a#d#b.> ,AS IS RECORD$ 9 ! REPORT ( ! SE>* ( ,BALDOM]O ,PALAU'S PR9TWORKS1 A REPORT TAK5 BY ! MAGI/RATE DRAFT+ ! 9DICTM5T AGA9/ ! ,TROTSKYI/ MILITANTS3 0,9 ,B>CELONA1 AT #h4#c ,A4,M4 ON ! F\RTE5? ( ,FEBRU>Y N9ETE5 HUNDR$ & ?IRTY EI ACT+ ON 9/RUCTIONS FROM ABOVE1 & C>RY+ A SE>* W>RANT .<444.> >RIV$ AT ,NO4 #b#d#a1 ,CALLE ,SALM]ON1 A PR9TWORKS1 9 ORD] TO EFFECT A SCRUPUL\S SE>*1 9 ?AT IT APPE>$ ?AT IT WAS BE+ US$ = ! PR9T+ ( CL&E/9E PUBLICATIONS1 9 SOME ( :I* ! LAWFULLY CON/ITUT$ GOV]NM5T WAS BE+ ATTACK$4 ,ONCE !RE & 9 ! PRES5CE ( ! ,MANAG] ( ! PRESSES1 NAMELY ,BALDOM]O ,PALAU ,MILLAN1 :O LIVES ON ! PREMISES 9 ! ,CALLE DE ,C]A .<444.> !Y PROCE$$ TO C>RY \T ! ORD]1 ! UP%OT BE+ ?AT ?REE PR9T]'S 0MAS!ADS0 W]E F\ND3 !SE1 :5 COPIES W]E TAK5 FROM !M TURN$ \T AS FOLL[S3 ONE WAS ! MA/-HEAD FROM ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO1 HAV+ 9 ! RIG91 BOX$1 WRIT+ :I* /AT$ ',! ,PUBLIC ,5T]TA9M5TS CLA%1 :I* HAS BE5 RESOLV$ HAPPILY1 WAS A PROVOCATION BY ,COMOR]A4 ,:ILE \R COMRADES FIGU>D4 ,! UNITY ( !SE WORK]S HAS FRU/RAT$ HIS DESIGNS0 .Y #a1 #a#i#c#h.>3 ANO!R1 FROM ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A & A ?IRD FROM ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO3 ALL ( :I* W]E SEIZ$ BY ! DUTY (FIC]S = TRANSMISSION TO !IR ,SUP]IORS40 .<#a#d#c.> ,SEE ,G1 ,MUNIS'S LETT] ( ,OCTOB] #b1 #aidh FROM ,P>IS3 ,DUR+ ! ,MAY EV5TS1 ! ,B-,L ,SECTION CONTACT$ ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI1 BUT NO?+ WAS COORD9AT$1 = PRACTICAL REASONS & ALSO -- ,I IMAG9E AL?\< ,I CANNOT BE C]TA9 -- BECAUSE ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ?\ITY 9 ! ,C,N,T IF ! LEAD]%IP ( ! LATT] W]E TO ACCUSE !M ( ALLY+ !MSELVES ) M>XI/S4 ,AFT] ! ,MAY EV5TS !RE WAS MORE FRI5DL9ESS & 9T]ACTION BETWE5 ! TWO GR\PS4 ,! 9FLU5CE ( BO? 9SIDE ! ,C,N,T GREW CONSID]ABLY4 ,G5]ALLY SPEAK+1 IT WAS MEMB]S ( ! LATT] :O W]E MO/ 9VOLV$ 9 DI/RIBUT+ ,EL ,AMIGO DEL ,PUEBLO & ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A40 .<#a#d#d.> ,MUNIS & ,BALIUS1 :O HAD NEV] MET BE=E ,MAY #a#i#c#g1 SUBSEQU5TLY /RUCK UP A COMRADELY RELATION%IP1 BAS$ ON MUTUAL APPRECIATION & RESPECT1 IDEOLOGICALLY & P]SONALLY4 ,?IS FRI5D%IP FL\RI%$ 9 EXILE 9 ,MEXICO1 S9CE ,BALIUS LIV$ 9 ,MUNIS'S HOME = A TIME1 ACCORD+ TO ,>QU]4 .<#a#d#e.> ,ACCORD+ TO ,>QU] . ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI W]E A PASS+ ]UPTION :I* AT ONE PO9T >TICULAT$ ! DEEPE/ FEEL+S ( ! ,C,N,T MEMB]%IP 9 ,CATALONIA1 &1 HAD ! AN>*I/S SUCCE$$ ?AT T5D5CY MI ,! DEGREE ( FAMILI>ITY & DAY TO DAY FRI5DLY RELATIONS BETWE5 ,F$]ICA ,MONTS5Y & ! ,RUSSIAN AMBASSADOR1 ,ROS5B]G1 DEFIES BELIEF1 & ! ASSI/ANCE & FILLIP :I* ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN ATTEMPT$ TO AF=D A DISCR$IT$ ,COMPANYS LIKEWISE DEFIES IMAG9ATION4 ,! SUBLIME SA9TL9ESS ( ! AN>*I/ LEAD]S ACC\NTS = ! EASE ) :I* !Y W]E MANIPULAT$4 ,BY WAY ( AN EXAMPLE ( :AT WE >E SAY+1 SEE ,FR$]ICA ,MONTS5Y'S [N DECL>ATIONS 79 ,AGU/I ,PONS ,CONV]SES AMB ,FR$]ICA ,MONTS5Y3 ,FR$]ICA ,MONTS5Y1 S9DICALISME I ACRACIA .<,LAIA1 ,B>CELONA1 #a#i#g#g1 PP4 #a#f#i-#a#g.>73 ,BE=E SETT+ (F = ,RUSSIA1 HAV+ BE5 RECALL$1 ,AMBASSADOR ,ROS5B]G :O HAD BECOME MY FRI5D -- CALL$ TO SEE ME .<444.> .<,I.> WAS /AY+ AT ! ,METROPOL1 :I* WAS ! SEAT ( ! ,RUSSIAN EMBASSY4 ,I WAS TO BE ONE ( ! LA/ GOV]NM5T FIGURES TO >RIVE 9 ,VAL5CIA1 :5 ! GOV]NM5T1 9 VIEW ( ! MILIT>Y SITUATION1 RESOLV$ TO MOVE !RE FROM ,MADRID4 ,NEI!R ! ,M9I/RY ( ,HEAL? NOR MYSELF1 :O HELD ?AT PORTFOLIO1 C\LD F9D ANY:]E TO SETTLE 94 ,EV]Y:]E WAS OCCUPI$4 ,UNTIL1 EV5TUALLY1 ! ,RUSSIANS V]Y K9DLY TURN$ OV] TO ME ONE ( ! FLOORS ( ! HOTEL :I* HAD BE5 TURN$ 9TO !IR EMBASSY4 ,MANY A TIME ,I F\ND A B\QUET ( R$ C>NATIONS 9 MY ROOM4 ,BUT ! FL[]S W]E ONLY AN EXCUSE = RUMMAG+ >\ND ! :OLE ROOM4 ,BUT ! FOLL[+ EXC]PT FROM ,FR$]ICA ,MONTS5Y'S LETT]1 DAT$ ,T\L\SE ,MAY #c#a1 #a#i#e1 TO ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT51 /RIKES US AS EV5 MORE REVEAL+3 ,ROS5B]G V]Y K9DLY (F]$ ME TWO ROOMS 9 ! ,HOTEL ,METROPOL .<9 ,DECEMB] #a#i#c#f1 9 ,VAL5CIA.> :I* WAS OCCUPI$ BY ! ,SOVIET ,EMBASSY & ITS P]SONNEL4 ,I RECKON ?AT HIS 9T5TION MU/ HAVE BE5 TO KEEP ME CONT9UALLY UND] HIS 9FLU5CE4 ,I ACCEPT$1 AFT] CONSULTATION ) ,VAZQUEZ1 :O HAD JU/ BE5 APPO9T$ SECRET>Y ( \R ,NATIONAL ,COMMITTEE1 & ,I MOV$ 9TO ! ,METROPOL4 ,I ATE 9 ! ,HOTEL D9+ ROOM1 M+L+ ) ! ,RUSSIAN (FICIALS1 &1 V]Y (T51 9 ! ,AMBASSADOR'S P]SONAL QU>T]S4 ,VIRTUALLY EV]Y NITY1 ,GALLO1 ,KLEB]1 ,BLU*]1 ,TITO .<8.> & ,GOREV1 :OM ,I HAD MET BE=E 9 ,MADRID4 ,& V]Y (T5 ,I SAW1 OR MY SECRET>Y :O WAS NOSI] OR LESS DISCREET ?AN ME1 SAW ,ALV>EZ DEL ,VAYO1 ,G>CIA ,OLIV] & ,LOPEZ COM+ & GO+ FROM ,ROS5B]G'S QU>T]S4 ,OCCASIONALLY1 ,M>IANO ,R4 ,VAZQUEZ WAS 9VIT$ ALONG ) ME1 PASS+ MANY A LONG H\R 9 LAZY CONV]SATION1 DR9K+ CUP AFT] CUP ( C(FEE OR TEA4 ,SEE ALSO ! TE/IMONY ( ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN1 FROM ! ,F,A,I'S ,P59SUL> ,COMMITTEE3 0,WE W]E NONE TOO PLEAS$ ) ! P[] = :I* ! ,MILITIAS ,COMMITTEE /OOD & C\LD IMPOSE4 ,!RE WAS A GOV]NM5T1 !RE WAS ! ,G5]ALIDAD & WE W\LD HAVE LIK$ ! ?\S&S ( PROBLEMS & GRIPES & DEM&S BR\D & RESOLV$ BY ! LAWFUL GOV]NM5T1 :I* WAS NOT RECOGNIZ$ BY ! BROAD MASSES4 ,DUR+ SOME CASUAL GET TOGE!R1 WE 9VIT$ ,PRESID5T ,COMPANYS TO ATT5D SO ?AT PEOPLE MID+ HIM AS A FRI5D ( \RS1 :OM !Y C\LD TRU/40 .<,DIEGO ,ABAD DE ,SANTILLAN ,ALFONSO ,X,I,I,I1 LA ,I,I ,REPUBLICA1 ,FRANCISCO ,FRANCO 7,JUUC>1 ,MADRID1 #a#i#g#i1 P4 #c#d#i7.> .<#a#d#g.> ,LETT] FROM ,BALIUS TO ,BURNETT ,BOLLOT51 DAT$ ,CU]NAVACA ,JULY #a#c1 #a#i#d#f4 .<#a#d#h.> ,ACCORD+ TO ,PABLO ,RUIZ'S CLAIMS 9 0,ELOGIO PO/UMO DE ,JAIME ,BALIUS10 9 ,LE ,COMBAT SYNDICALI/E_/,SOLID>IDAD ,OBR]A ( ,JANU>Y #i1 #a#i#h#a4 .<#a#d#i.> ,SEE ! >TICLES 9 :I* ! ,F,A,I MOV$ ?AT ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI BE EXPELL$1 9 ,BOLET9 DE 9=MACION Y ORI5TACION ORGANICA DEL ,COMITE P59SUL> DE LA ,F$]ACION ,AN>QUI/A ,IB]ICA1 LIKE 0,LA DESAUTORIZACION DE LA 5TIDAD ',AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI0' 9 ,NO4 #a1 ,B>CELONA1 ,MAY #b1 #a#i#c#g1 & 0,LA SANCION PUBLICA A LOS 9TEURANTES DE LA AGRUPACION ,LOS ,AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI0 9 ,NO4 #c1 ,JUNE #f1 #a#i#c#g4 .<#a#e.> ,&RES ,N9 0,ANTE EL PELIGRO CONTR>REVOLUCION>IO HA LLEGADO LA HORA DE ACTU>0 9 ,LA ,BATALLA ( ,M>* #d1 #a#i#c#g4 .<#a#e#a.> ,SEE ,MUNIS'S >TICLE ON ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI 9 ,LA ,VOZ ,L59I/A ,NO4 #b1 ,AUGU/ #b#c1 #a#i#c#g1 5TITL$ 0,LA JUNTA REVOLUCION>IA Y LOS ',AMIGOS DE ,DURRUTI4'0 .<#a#e#b.> ,! DESCRIPTION 'AU?ORIT>IAN1' A T]M ( ABUSE AMONG LIB]T>IANS1 WAS NOT1 H[EV]1 A PRODUCT ( ,C,N,T PROPAG&A1 S9CE ONE ( ! MO/ SIGNIFICANT ( ! ,GR\P'S !ORETICAL ADVANCES WAS ITS ASS]TION ( ! AU?ORIT>IAN1 OR TOTALIT>IAN *>ACT] ( ANY REVOLUTION4 ,?IS IS AN ASS]TION :I* ! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI REIT]AT$ ON SEV]AL OCCASIONS4 ,IT WAS FIR/ MADE 9 AN >TICLE :I* ,BALIUS PUBLI%$ ON ,DECEMB] #f1 #a#i#c#f1 UND] ! TITLE 0,EL TE/AM5TO DE ,DURRUTI10 & WAS PLAC$ 9 ,DURRUTI'S M\? 9 ! C\RSE ( HIS H>ANGUE FROM ! ,MADRID FRONT ON ,NOVEMB] #e1 #a#i#c#f3 & ! LA/ M5TION WAS 9 ! #ai< 9TRODUCTION TO ! ,5GLI% LANGUAGE $ITION ( ! PAMPHLET ,T[>DS A ,FRE% ,REVOLUTION1 :I* READS ?US3 ,9 ?AT BOOKLET BACK 9 #a#i#c#h1 WE SAID ?AT ALL REVOLUTIONS >E TOTALIT>IAN4 .<#a#e#c.> ,SPANI% HI/ORIOGRAPHY ON ! CIVIL W> HAS TURN$ FROM BE+ MILITANT HI/ORY WRITT5 BY PROTAGONI/S & EYEWITNESSES ( ! CIVIL W>1 ) ALL ( ! DANG]S IMPLICIT 9 ?AT1 BUT ALSO ! IRREPLACEABLE PASSION ( SOMEONE :O DOES NOT GAMBLE ) WORDS BECAUSE PREVI\SLY HE GAMBL$ ) HIS V]Y LIFE1 9TO 9ANE ACADEMIC HI/ORY WRITT5 BY N9NIES & *>ACT]IZ$ BY NONS5SE1 9COMPREH5SION & 9DE$ CONTEMPT = ! MILITANTS & ORGANIZATIONS ( ! WORK]S' MOVEM5T4 ,/ILL1 !RE >E A FEW HONORABLE EXCEPTIONS -- AMONG !M ! L9ES ( 9QUIRY OP5$ UP BY ,VILANOVA1 ,MONJO & ,VEGA1 :I* WE MIY #b#c1 #bba 3 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P3 #a#i#c#g-#a#i#c#i -- ,ADD$4 ,FEBRU>Y #a#g1 #bbb 3 ,! ,FRI5DS ( ,DURRUTI ,GR\P3 #a#i#c#g-#a#i#c#i -- ,UPDAT$4 FILE G5]AT$ FROM 3 HTTP3_/_/WWW4,REVOLT,LIB4COM_/