,9T]VIEW ) ,T,P,T,G ,CLASS ,/RUGGLES 9 ,GREECE ,PEOPLE 3 ,AU?OR 3 ,JURAJ ,KATAL5AC ,TEXT 3 ,9T]VIEW ) ,GREEK ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN COMMUNI/ COLLECTIVE ,T,P,T,G AB\T CRISIS ( CAPITALISM & ITS REFLECTIONS ON ,GREECE & CLASS /RUGGLE ( PROLET>IAT AGA9/ AU/]ITY MEASURES4 ,9T]VIEW WAS MADE BE=E ELECTIONS 9 ,GREECE1 BUT WE DISCUSS ,LEFT & !IR ACTIONS4 ,ALSO1 FIR/ TWO ANSW]S >E TAK5 FROM !IR >TICLE ,BURD5$ ) ,DEBT ,RELOAD$4 ,9 #ba Y\'VE PUBLI%$ AN >TICLE ,BURD5$ ) ,DEBT :I* Y\ HAVE PRES5T$ 9 SUMM] CAMP4 ,9 ?IS >TICLE Y\'VE WROTE AB\T ! WAY 9 :I* ! CRISIS ( CAPITALISM IS REFLECT$ 9 ,GREECE1 I4E4 ! 0DEBT CRISIS0 & 0%OCK !RAPY0 ( ! ,P,A,S,O,K GOV]NM5T 9 COOP]ATION ) ! ,E,U & ! ,I,M,F1 & Y\ HAVE ALSO EXAM9$ POSSIBILITIES ( CLASS /RUGGLE 9 :AT Y\ HAVE CALL$ 0! H>%E/ CLASS ATTACK S9CE ! 5D ( ! #bND WORLD W> CALL$ 0AU/]ITY MEASURES04 ,REC5TLY1 ON ,APRIL #a#b?1 Y\ PUBLI%$ A SUPPLEM5T >TICLE 5TITL$ ,BURD5$ ) ,DEBT ,RELOAD$4 ,CAN Y\ BRIEFLY 9TRODUCE US ) ! ANALYSIS ( ! SITUATION 9 ,GREECE8 ,9 \R FIR/ >TICLES WE HAVE /AT$ ?AT ! AGGRAVATION ( ! PROTRACT$ CAPITALI/ REPRODUCTION CRISIS HAD BE5 PO/PON$ BY A C]TA9 POLITICS ( MONEY ?AT HAD L$ TO A RELATIVE AUTONOMISATION ( F9ANCE CAPITAL & A CLOS] 9T]ACTION BETWE5 EXPORT]S ( CAPITAL_/L5D]S ( MONEY & DEBTORS ) 9CREAS+ PRIVATE OR PUBLIC DEBTS 7ON ! LEVEL ( ! ,E,U ?IS WAS EXPRESS$ AS A HI]>*ICAL 9T]ACTION BETWE5 ! 0CORE0 NATION-/ATES & ! 0P]IPH]AL0 ONES74 ,) ! BUR/+ ( ! REAL E/ATE BUBBLE 9 ! ,U,S 9TO A GLOBAL F9ANCIAL CRISIS 9 #bh !RE W]E ADDITIONAL PUBLIC DEBTS DUE TO SOCIALIZ+ ( CAPITALI/ LOSSES & BAIL+ \T BANKS4 ,9 ,GREECE1 ! REGIME ( ACCUMULATION ( ! '#iS & #b'S BAS$ ON ! 9CREASE ( FIX$ CAPITAL 9VE/M5T & PRODUCTIVITY ( LABOR1 A DUAL LABOR M>KET & HI< PUBLIC & PRIVATE SP5D+ MADE POSSIBLE BY ! L[ REAL 9T]E/ RATES 9 ! ,EUROZONE 0P]IPH]Y0 7DUE TO ! HI<] 9FLATION RATES COMP>$ TO ! ONES 9 ! 0CORE07 & ! CORRESPOND+ 9FLUX ( CAPITALS FROM ! SURPLUSES ( ! ,E,U 0CORE0-A REGIME ?AT HAD />T$ %[+ SIGNS ( DECL9E S9CE ! MID #b'S DUE TO ! FALL 9 ! RATE ( EXPLOITATION- COLLAPS$ COMPLETELY ) ! ADV5T ( ! CRISIS4 ,! 9ITIAL AU/]ITY MEASURES DEVELOP$ 9TO A FULL BL[N %OCK POLICY ( DEVALUATION ( CAPITAL1 :I* HAS DEEP5$ ! RECESSION & 9CREAS$ PUBLIC DEBT4 ,A MA9 +R$I5T ( ! POLITICS ( DEVALUATION ( CAPITAL IS ! DEPRECIATION ( LABOR P[] :I* AIMS AT ! WEAK5+ ( ! P[] ( ! WORK+ CLASS BY E/ABLI%+ P]MAN5T AU/]ITY & DISCIPL9+ ME*ANISMS1 & BY ! CREATION ( A L>GE RES]VE >MY4 ,FUR!RMORE1 ?IS DEPRECIATION ( LABOR P[] IS FACILITAT$ BY ! 9/ITUTIONAL ABOLITION ( COLLECTIVE B>GA9+ AGREEM5TS1 A PROCESS :I*1 TO A GREAT EXT5T1 UND]M9ES ! V]Y FUNCTION ( ! LABOR P[] REPRES5TATION ME*ANISMS4 ,! G5]AL POLITICS ( DEVALUATION1 ) ITS BANK RECAPITALIZATION MEASURES1 ! ELIM9ATION OR EXPROPRIATION ( ?AT PORTION ( ! TOTAL-SOCIAL CAPITAL 7SMALL & M$IUM-SCALE 5T]PRISES7 ?AT IS UNABLE TO VALORIZE SURPLUS CAPITAL1 ! DEPRECIATION ( PROMISSORY NOTES & ! FALL 9 CONSUMPTION & 9VE/M5TS1 AIMS AT ! C5TRALIZATION ( CAPITAL1 ! REPRODUCTION ( SO-CALL$ PRIMITIVE ACCUMULATION & ! OV]COM+ ( ! SEP>ATION BETWE5 ! DIFF]5T MOM5TS 9 ! REPRODUCTION ( ! CAPITALI/ RELATION%IP ?AT EXI/$ BE=E ! CRISIS4 ,9 ! MID/ ( A CAPITAL DEVALUATION PROCESS1 !RE >E NEV]!LESS C]TA9 9VE/M5T PLANS ESPECIALLY 9 ! 5]GY SECTOR 7SOL> P[]1 OIL & HYDROC>BONS7 & A LONG LI/ ( IMM95T PRIVATIZATIONS ( /ATE S]VICES & /ATE CONTROLL$ COMPANIES1 :I*1 H[EV]1 9 AN 5VIRONM5T ( DEEP RECESSION & LACK ( /ATE 9VE/M5TS1 SEEM V]Y UNC]TA94 ,AS AN ILLU/RATION ( :AT WE SAID ABOVE1 H]E >E ! MO/ REC5T DATA WE HAVE GA!R$4 ,9 #b#a-#b#a#a1 ,G,D,P 79 #b FIX$ PRICES7 HAS DECREAS$ BY #a.0 7OV]ALL RECESSION = #b#h-#b#a#a IS #a#f1#c.074 ,TOTAL CONSUMPTION HAS FALL5 BY #a#b4#f.0 7-#a4#g.0 = PRIVATE CONSUMPTION & -#a#d4#e.0 = PUBLIC CONSUMPTION74 ,GROSS FIX$ CAPITAL 9VE/M5T HAS DECREAS$ BY #a#g4#i.04 ,! EXPORTS ( GOODS & S]VICES HAVE 9CREAS$ BY #a#d4#e.0 9 #b#a-#b#a#a4 ,?IS IS DUE TO ! RECOV]Y ( 9T]NATIONAL TRADE1 :I* IS ! 9CREASE ( EXT]NAL DEM& 9 ALL C\NTRIES4 ,SO1 IF IT IS PUT 9 ITS 9T]NATIONAL CONTEXT1 ,GREECE'S M>KET P]=MANCE ( EXPORTS ( GOODS & S]VICES 9 #b#a-#b#a#a IS -#a.0 COMP>$ TO #b#i1 :I* IS ! WOR/ EXPORT P]=MANCE 9 ! LA/ #b YE>S4 ,EXPORTS CORRESPOND ONLY TO ! #a_/#e ( ,G,D,P4 ,9 ! SECOND QU>T] ( #b#a#a1 EMPLOYM5T HAS DECREAS$ BY #f4#a.0 & UNEMPLOYM5T HAS 9CREAS$ BY #c#f4#e.0 COMP>$ ) ! SECOND QU>T] 9 #b#a4 ,! RATE ( UNEMPLOYM5T HAD REA*$ #b4#i.0 LA/ ,NOVEMB] OR1 9 O!R WORDS1 MORE ?AN ONE MILLION PEOPLE4 ,P>TICUL>LY AFFECT$ >E WOM5 FROM #ae TO #cd YE>S OLD :OSE UNEMPLOYM5T P]C5TAGE IS #c#b.0 & Y\NG PEOPLE 7#a#e-#b#d YE>S7 9 G5]AL :OSE P]C5TAGE IS #d#h.04 ,G,S,E,E E/IMATES ?AT ! UNEMPLOYM5T RATE WILL RUN 9TO #b#f.0 9 #b#a#b4 ,?IS P]C5TAGE ( UNEMPLOYM5T IS COMP>ABLE ONLY TO ! ONE 9 ! E>LY '#fS :5 HUNDR$S ( ?\S&S ( ,GREEKS EMIGRAT$ TO C5TRAL ,EUROPE1 ,NOR? ,AM]ICA & ,AU/RALIA4 ,NOTE ?AT ! #bab E/IMATES DO NOT C\NT 9 ! =?COM+ DISMISSALS 9 ! PUBLIC SECTOR3 #a#e1 /ATE WORK]S WILL BE DISMISS$ ?IS YE> & #a#e1 9 TOTAL BY #b#a#e4 ,! ONLY SECTOR :]E EMPLOYM5T IS 9CREAS+ IS ! POLICE4 ,DUR+ #b#a-#b#a#a ! UNIT LABOR CO/ DECREAS$ ONLY BY #a4#b.04 ,?IS HAPP5$ BECAUSE :ILE AV]AGE NOM9AL WAGE 9 ! PRIVATE SECTOR DECREAS$ BY #d4#e.01 PRODUCTIVITY ( LABOR ALSO DECREAS$ BY #c4#c.04 ,ALREADY #a 9 #d COMM]CIAL 5T]PRISES HAS CLOS$ D[N & !IR CONF$]ATION E/IMATES ?AT BY ! SUMM] #bab #c#h.0 ( !M WILL HAVE CLOS$ D[N4 ,DUR+ #b#a-#a#a #f#h4 SMALL & M$IUM-SCALE 5T]PRISES HAVE CLOS$ D[N 7,JAN-,SEP #b#a#a3 #f#g4 JOB LOSSES7 :ILE E/IMATES = #bab SEEM GLOOMY TOO3 #f4 MORE 5T]PRISES >E TO CLOSE D[N RESULT+ 9 #a4 JOB LOSSES4 ,IT IS IMPORTANT TO NOTE D[N ?AT SMALL & M$IUM SIZE 5T]PRISES 9 ,GREECE >E ! TRUE BACKBONE ( BO? ! ,GREEK ECONOMY & SOCIETY1 ACC\NT+ = #i#i4#i.0 ( ALL CAPITALI/ 5T]PRISES1 !IR %>E 9 TOTAL EMPLOYM5T BE+ #h#e4#f.0 -)\T TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ! 0BLACK0 LABOR =CE- COMP>$ TO #f#f4#i.0 9 ,E,U & !Y C\NT = #g#b.0 ( VALUE-ADD$ PRODUCTION COMP>$ TO #e#h4#d .0 9 ! ,E,U ACCORD+ TO #baa /ATI/ICS4 ,)\T GO+ 9TO DETAILS1 S9CE ! CUTS V>Y ACCORD+ TO ! AGE ( ! P5SION]S1 ! AM\NT ( ! P5SION & ! P5SION FUND ONE BELONGS TO1 DUE TO ! NEW MEASURES P5SIONS WILL BE CUT BY #a TO #b.01 RETIREM5T COMP5SATION BY #c.0 :ILE HEAL? C>E HAS DET]IORAT$ & SOCIAL B5EFITS TO DISABL$ PEOPLE HAVE BE5 CUT TOO4 ,9 #b#a-#b#a#a1 WAGES 9 ! PUBLIC SECTOR HAD BE5 CUT BY #b#c.04 ,) ! 9TRODUCTION ( ! NEW WAGE SCALE 9 ?IS SECTOR 9 ,NOVEMB] #b#a#a1 ! WAGES HAVE BE5 CUT BY AN ADDITIONAL #b.0 9 AV]AGE4 ,BE=E ! NEW R\ND ( AU/]ITY MEASURES1 ! REAL WAGES 9 ! PRIVATE SECTOR HAD BE5 CUT BY #h.04 ,N[ ! BASIC PAY IS CUT BY #b#b.0 & = ?OSE UND] #be BY #c#b.04 ,?IS MEANS ?AT ! BASIC PAY IS R$UC$ TO #dh EUROS OR #d EUROS = ?OSE UND] #b#e4 ,! UNEMPLOYM5T B5EFIT IS R$UC$ TO #ce EUROS 7NOTE ?AT 9 ,GREECE Y\ CAN'T GET ?IS B5EFIT1 :I* IS ! SAME = EV]Y UNEMPLOY$1 = MORE ?AN ONE YE> & Y\ >E 5TITL$ TO GET IT ONLY IF Y\ HAVE WORK$ = TWO CONSECUTIVE YE>S FULL-TIME BE=E Y\R DISMISSAL74 ,9 #baa ! GOV]NM5T BUDGET DEFICIT HAS 9CREAS$ 9 ABSOLUTE T]MS BY #a4#c.0 9 COMP>ISON ) #b#a4 ,! /ATE REV5UES HAVE DECREAS$ BY #a4#g.0 :ILE ! /ATE EXP5SES HAVE 9CREAS$ BY #b4#h.0 9 ! SAME P]IOD4 ,! DECREASE ( /ATE REV5UES IS DUE TO3 A7 ! R$UCTION ( AV]AGE WAGES1 P5SIONS & EMPLOYM5T &1 !RE=E1 ! R$UCTION ( ! ASSOCIAT$ 9DIVIDUAL 9COME TAXES1 B7 ! DECL9E 9 ! PR(ITABILITY ( ! CAPITALI/ 5T]PRISES :I* COMB9$ ) ! R$UCTION ( ! PR(IT TAX RATE BY #a.0 9 #baa L$ TO A SIGNIFICANT R$UCTION ( ! TAX ON PR(ITS 7:I* WILL BE DECREAS$ FROM #b#d.0 TO #b.0 9 #b#a#b1 SEE BEL[71 C7 ! L[] ?AN EXPECT$ 9CREASE ( REV5UES FROM 9DIRECT TAXES 7,V,A,T1 TAXES ON OIL1 ALCOHOL & TOBACCO71 DESPITE ! BIG 9CREASE ( ! TAX RATES1 BECAUSE ( ! R$UCTION 9 CONSUMPTION1 D7 ! BIG 9CREASE ( TAX REBATES 9/EAD ( !IR 9ITIALLY PLANN$ DECREASE DUE TO ! FAILURE ( ! NEW RELEVANT TAX REGULATIONS4 ,! MA9 REASON BEH9D ! 9CREASE ( ! EXP5SES HAS BE5 ! 9CREAS$ DEBT S]VICE3 9T]E/ PAYM5TS ROSE BY #b#c4#f.0 9 COMP>ISON TO #b#a4 ,ON ! O!R H& ! SO CALL$ 0PRIM>Y EXP5DITURES0 HAVE BE5 DECREAS$ ONLY BY #a4#c.0 9 SPITE ( ! DEEP CUTS ( ! WAGES 9 ! PUBLIC SECTOR4 ,?IS IS DUE TO ! 9CREASE ( ! EXP5DITURE = SOCIAL SECURITY1 SOCIAL C>E & SOCIAL PROTECTION BY #a#b4#h.04 ,?IS 9CREASE IS ! RESULT ( A7 ! 9CREAS$ SUBSIDIES TO ! P5SION FUNDS :I* >E ON ! V]GE ( DISA/] DUE TO ! BIG R$UCTION ( ! SOCIAL SECURITY CONTRIBUTIONS CAUS$ BY ! BIG RISE ( UNEMPLOYM5T1 ! R$UCTION ( AV]AGE WAGES & ! WIDE EXT5SION ( P>T TIME LABOR CONTRACTS & B7 ! 9CREAS$ EXP5DITURE = UNEMPLOYM5T B5EFITS CAUS$ ALSO BY ! RISE ( UNEMPLOYM5T4 ,FUR!R1 MILIT>Y EXP5DITURE DECL9$ BY #f.0 :ILE EXP5DITURE RELAT$ TO ! 0,PUBLIC ,9VE/M5TS ,PROGRAM0 DECL9$ BY #b#a4#h.04 ,ACCORD+ TO ,E,U,R,O,/,A,T1 ! RATIO ( ,GREEK GOV]NM5T DEBT TO ,G,D,P HAS RIS5 DRAMATICALLY FROM #a#a#c.0 9 #bh TO #a#b#i.0 9 #b#i1 TO #a#d#e.0 9 #ba & REA*$ #a#f#e1#c.0 BY #b#a#a4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! ,EUROPEAN ,COMMITTEE1 ?IS RATIO WILL BE DECREAS$ TO #a#f#a1#d.0 BY #bab DUE TO ! ,P,S,I IMPLEM5TATION1 BE=E RIS+ AGA9 TO #a#f#e1#c.0 9 #b#a#c4 ,!N1 ACCORD+ TO ,E,C'S 0WI%FUL ?9K+01 IT WILL />T TO DECL9E SL[LY1 AS ! ,GREEK ,G,D,P WILL BE 9CREAS+ TO REA* A BIT LESS ?AN #a#b.0 9 #b#b1 NAMELY1 :]E IT WAS 9 #bi :5 ! FISCAL T]RORISM /RATEGY WAS ADOPT$ = ! 0SALVATION0 ( ! C\NTRY6 ,9 #ba ! ,GREEK PROLET>IAT WAS ! SEV5? POORE/ ONE 9 ! ,E,U 9 RELATIVE T]MS1 ) #b#g4#g.0 ( ! POPULATION LIV+ 9 A H\SEHOLD ) A DISPOSABLE 9COME BEL[ ! 0POV]TY ?RE%OLD0 7#f.0 ( ! M$IAN NATIONAL DISPOSABLE 9COME74 ,IT IS SURE ?AT ?IS FIGURE HAS RIS5 S9CE !N & ?AT A HI<] PROPORTION ( ! PROLET>IAT IS BEL[ 0! POV]TY ?RE%OLD04 ,! NUMB] ( HOMELESS PEOPLE IS APPROXIMATELY #b1 7#a#a1 9 ,A!NS ALONE7 HAV+ 9CREAS$ 9 ! LA/ TWO YE>S BY #b-#b#e.04 ,MO/ ( ! NEW CASES ( ,GREEK HOMELESS PEOPLE >E NOT RELAT$ TO DRUG ADDICTION OR M5TAL ILLNESS AS WAS MO/LY ! CASE BE=E #bh BUT TO LONG-T]M UNEMPLOYM5T &_/OR H\SE =ECLOSURES4 ,SUICIDES 7BO? ATTEMPT$ & ACCOMPLI%$7 HAVE 9CREAS$ FROM #eg 9 #bi TO #fbb 9 #ba 7"4#b#b1#e.07 BE=E GETT+ /ABILIZ$ 9 #baa 7#e#i#h UNTIL ,DECEMB] #b#a#a1 -#c4#i.074 ,BY COMP>+ ?OSE NUMB]S TO ! ,GREEK AV]AGE SUICIDE RATE 7#c4#e P] #a1 CITIZ5S -ONE ( ! L[E/ 9 ,EUROPE71 !N ! 9CREASE GETS MU* HI<]3 "4#c#a1#d.0 9 #b#i1 "4#f#a1#d.0 9 #ba & "4#e#e1#g.0 9 #b#a#a4 ,HUNDR$S ( PEOPLE WITNESS$ A #g#g-YE> OLD P5SION] %OOT+ HIMSELF AT ,SYNTAGMA ,SQ4 ,AT HIS SUICIDE NOTE HE WROTE ?AT HE DID NOT WANT TO 5D UP SE>*+ = HIS FOOD 9 ! TRA% B9S4 ,! NEWS ( ?IS TRAGIC EV5T CAUS$ WIDESPREAD ANG]4 ,! SAME AFT]NOON A FEW ?\S&S ( PEOPLE GA!R$ AT ,SYNTAGMA ,SQ4 ,AS A RESULT1 SMALL SCALE CLA%ES OCCURR$ ) ! RIOT POLICE AT ! SQU>E & NE>BY /REETS4,!RE IS NO (FICIAL SURVEY ( ! /ATE ( ! M$ICAL SY/EM 9 ,GREECE = ! YE>S #b#a-#b#a#a4 ,SOME ( ! MA9 *ANGES WE HAVE EXP]I5C$3 S9CE ! BEG9N+ ( ?IS YE>1 F\R MAJOR ,HEAL? & ,9SURANCE ,FUNDS 7?OSE = CIVIL S]VANTS_//ATE WORK]S1 PRIVATE SECTOR WORK]S1 SELF-EMPLOY$ -BO? WORK]S & SMALL BOSSES- & F>M]S_/PEASANTS7 HAVE BE5 UNIFI$ 9TO ONE1 ! ,NATIONAL ,ORGANIZATION = ,HEAL?C>E ,PROVISION 7,E,O,P,P,Y7 :I* COV]S #i4#e MILLION PEOPLE4 ,ACCORD+ TO ! REGULATIONS ( ?IS NEW FUND1 ! NUMB] ( DOCTORS :O >E 9 CONTRACT ) IT IS JU/ #e1 :I* MEANS #a DOCTOR = #b 9SUR$ PATI5TS4 ,MOREOV]1 ! MAXIMUM NUMB] ( PATI5TS :O >E ALL[$ TO VISIT A DOCTOR = FREE IS #e DUR+ A WEEK & #b DUR+ A MON?4 ,AFT] !SE NUMB]S HAVE BE5 REA*$1 ! NEXT PATI5TS %\LD PAY4 ,BESIDES1 ! /ATE COMP5SATION TO DOCTORS HAS FALL5 FROM #b TO #f4#e EUROS P] VISIT1 :I* IS C]TA9 TO BECOME AN ADDITIONAL FACTOR = ! DET]IORATION ( M$ICAL C>E -UNLESS ONE CAN AF=D TO PAY MORE4 ,!RE IS A GR[+ T5D5CY ( EMIGRATION AMONG BO? SKILL$ & UNSKILL$ WORK]S4 ,! /ATE SEEMS TO FAVOR SU* A DEVELOPM5T = REASONS ( WEAK5+ =?COM+ CLASS /RUGGLES1 ?AT'S :Y IT LOOKS =W>D A BILAT]AL AGREEM5T ) ,AU/RALIA & ,NEW ,ZEAL& SIMIL> TO ! ONE IT HAS ALREADY MADE ) ,CANADA4 ,MANY IMMIGRANTS FROM ,EA/]N ,EUROPE 7,ALBANIA1 ,POL&1 ,ROMANIA7 WORK+ DUR+ ! PA/ YE>S AT ! CON/RUCTIONS SECTOR1 AS WELL AS MANY ,KURDS >E LEAV+ ! C\NTRY S9CE !Y CAN'T F9D A JOB ANY MORE4 ,AT ! SAME TIME ! POLICE IS P]SECUT+ /REET V5DORS FROM ,AFRICA & ,ASIA UND] ! PRETEXT ( ELIM9AT+ 0ILLEGAL TRADE0 & ! C5T]S ( ! CITIES >E KEPT UND] CON/ANT SURVEILLANCE1 :ILE ! PRES5CE ( RIOT COPS & POLICE SQUADS 9 >EAS :]E M>G9ALIZ$ PROLET>IANS HANG >\ND IS MORE ?AN EVID5T4 ,ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION IS CRUDELY RELAT$ TO 9CREAS$ CRIM9ALITY RATES & ?REATS = ! PUBLIC HEAL? ACCORD+ TO ! OV]:ELM+ M$IA PROPAG&A ?AT DIV]TS ! PUBLIC DISC\RSE AG5DA1 IMPOS+ ! IMMIGRANT FIGURE AS ! CONV5I5T SCAPEGOAT = ALL ! SUFF]+ CURR5TLY EXP]I5C$ BY ! ,GREEK POPULATION4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 ! POLICE DOESN'T PREV5T FASCI/ GANGS & ?UGS FROM ATTACK+ IMMIGRANTS4 ,A NEW LAW HAS BE5 9TRODUC$ BY ! GOV]NM5T AS P>T ( ! NEW AGREEM5T ) ! TROIKA1 )9 ! NEXT ?REE MON?S ALL 0ILLEGAL0 IMMIGRANTS EMPLOY$ AT ! AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OR AS NURSES1 MAIDS & CLEAN]S MU/ PRES5T ) !IR EMPLOY]S AT ! POLICE 9 ORD] TO REGI/] !MSELVES4 ,)9 SIX MON?S AFT] HIS_/H] 0REGI/RATION0 ! IMMIGRANT MU/ RETURN TO HIS_/H] C\NTRY ( ORIG9 & ONLY 9 ONE MON? AFT] HIS_/H] DEPORTATION FROM ,GREECE1 HIS_/H] EMPLOY] CAN APPLY 9 ORD] TO GET A ONE YE> P]MIT = HIS EMPLOYEE4 ,! UND]M9+ ( ! FUNCTION ( ! UNIONS IS ALSO %[N BY ! REC5T CLOS+ ( ! ,WORK]S' ,H\S+ ,ORGANIZATION 7,O,E,K7 & ( ! ,WORK]S' ,SOCIAL ,FUND 7,O,E,E7 BO? SUP]VIS$ BY ! ,M9I/RY ( ,LABOR1 AS P>T ( D[NSIZ+ ! PUBLIC SECTOR 9 OBS]VANCE ( ! T]MS SET BY ,GREECE'S CR$ITORS4 ,!SE TWO ORGANIZATIONS W]E FUND$ BY WORK]S' & BOSSES' CONTRIBUTIONS1 :I* W]E REC5TLY ABOLI%$ 7! SO-CALL$ 'DECREASE ( ! NON-WAGE CO/'7 SO ?AT ! GOV]NM5T C\LD F9D AN EXTRA #c MILLION TO F9ALIZE ! DEAL ( ! NEW BAIL\T PACKAGE ) TROIKA4 ,AS ,O,E,K WAS 9 *>GE ( /ATE-SUBSIDIZ$ H\S+ = ! POOR & L>GE FAMILIES1 IT WAS E/IMAT$ TO HAVE >\ND #a BILLION EUROS ( AVAILABLE CAPITAL = ! DEVELOPM5T ( H\S+ UNITS ACROSS ,GREECE4 ,H[EV]1 ! CLOS+ ( ! ,WORK]S' ,SOCIAL ,FUND 7,O,E,E7 HAS ANO!R EFFECT1 ONE ON UNIONS4 ,F\ND$ 9 #aica BY ! /ATE1 ,O,E,E'S ROLE WAS TO MANIPULATE & CONTROL UNIONISM1 AS IT W\LD SUPPORT F9ANCIALLY & H\SE ?OSE UNIONS :OSE 'OBJECTIVES & ACTIVITIES W]E NOT AGA9/ ! ,LAW'1 AS ITS F\ND+ LAW DICTAT$4 ,! UNIONS HAVE REA*$ A PO9T :]E ?IS 9ABILITY ( !IRS HAS F9ALLY UND]M9$ !IR V]Y EXI/5CE4 ,WILL ,GREECE 0CRA%0 ,EUROZONE8 ,H[ W\LD FALL ( ,EUROZONE AFFECT CLASS /RUGGLE 9 ,GREECE & 9 ! RE/ ( ,EUROPE8 ,H[ W\LD IT AFFECT ,GREEK ECONOMY & CRISIS DEVELOPM5T8 ,:E!R ?IS PECULI>LY IRRATIONAL CONDITION ( 0UNEMPLOY$ CAPITAL AT ONE POLE & UNEMPLOY$ WORK] POPULATION AT ! O!R0 7,M>X7 WILL BE RESOLV$ 9 ! FUTURE ?R\< A CONTROLL$ RECESSION ?AT WILL LEAD TO A RISE ( ! COMPETITIV5ESS ( ! ,GREEK ECONOMY 9SIDE A NEW ,EUROPEAN CYCLE ( ACCUMULATION OR :E!R ! 9CREAS+ CONTRADICTIONS DUE TO PROTRACT$ POLITICS ( DEVALUATION WILL LEAD TO *AOTIC DEVELOPM5T & ! RUPTURE ( ! ,EUROZONE1 WE DO NOT KN[4 ,WE CAN'T TELL :AT ! EXT5T & ! =MS ( ! C5TRALIZATION ( CAPITAL WILL BE4 ,:ILE WE >E /ILL 9 ! MID/ ( A DEVALUATION PROCESS ?R\< 0DEBT CRISIS01 IT IS TOO E>LY TO SAY :AT ! =M & CONT5T ( A FUTURE REGIME ( ACCUMULATION WILL BE -IF !RE IS GO+ TO BE ONE- FUEL$ BY A DEVALU$ LABOR P[] & H[ MU* /ABLE IT WILL BE4 ,?IS PROCESS HAS L$ TO A COMPETITION AMONG ! CAPITALI/ 0HO/ILE BRO!RS0 :]E1 BO? AT ! LEVEL ( RELATIONS BETWE5 NATION-/ATES & ON ! NATIONAL T]RA91 ! /RONGE/ & ! MO/ CUNN+ 0TRIES TO R$UCE HIS [N %>E . TO A M9IMUM & TO %OVE IT (F UPON ANO!R0 7,M>X74 ,IT HAS ALSO L$ TO ! RISE ( NATIONALISM 9SIDE ! WORK+ CLASS1 AN 9DIVIDUALI/ /RUGGLE TO PRES]VE ONE'S JOB1 AN EXPORT ( LABOR P[] 7ESPECIALLY ITS SKILL$ P>T7 & A RU/ \T ( ! UNEMPLOY$ LABOR P[]4 ,H[ DO Y\ COMM5T NEW ,GREEK 0TE*NICAL GOV]NM5T0 & !IR POLICIES8 ,H[ MU* WILL !IR RE=MS & ACTIONS UND]M9E WORK+ CLASS /RUGGLE8 ,!RE W]E NEW UNION DEMON/RATIONS 9 ,A!NS :I* CLA%$ ) POLICE1 SO IT LOOKS LIKE ,GREEK WORK+ CLASS DOESN'T ACCEPT !M4 ,ALSO1 !RE'S 9T]E/+ >TICLE BY ,M>K ,AMES %[+ ?AT NEW ,GREEK ,M9I/] ( ,9FRA/RUCTURE1 ,TRANSPORT & ,NETWORKS ,MAKIS ,VORIDIS LEAD /UD5T FASCI/ GR\P 0,/UD5T ,ALT]NATIVE0 9 #a#i#h#e4 ,:AT'S >MY'S POSITION8 ,C\LD ANO!R JUNTA TAKE P[] TO PROTECT CAPITAL8 ,! CREATION ( ! NEW ,GREEK 0TE*NICAL GOV]NM5T0 ) A TE*NOCRAT AS A PRIME M9I/] HAS BE5 ! EXPRESSION ( ! WEAKNESS ( ! PREVI\S ,P,A,S,O,K GOV]NM5T TO IMPLEM5T ! RE=MS /IPULAT$ BY ! ,/RUCTURAL ,ADJU/M5T ,PROGRAM4 ,IT WAS ACTUALLY ! REACTION ( ! /ATE TO ! LEGITIMACY CRISIS ( ! =M] GOV]NM5T & ! 9ABILITY ( ! POLITICAL SY/EM AS A :OLE TO MANAGE REC5T SOCIAL UPHEAVAL & CLASS /RUGGLES EFFECTIVELY4 ,! #d#h-H\R /RIKE ( #a#i-#b ,OCTOB] & ! WIDESPREAD VIOL5T PROTE/S DUR+ ! P>ADES = ! NATIONAL HOLIDAY ( ,OCTOB] #b#h? =C$ ! PRIME M9I/]1 FIR/ TO TRY ! TRICK ( ! REF]5DUM & !N1 AFT] ! PRESSURES FROM HIS P>TY & ! ,E,U1 TO OPT = ! CREATION ( ! 0NATIONAL UNITY GOV]NM5T0 ) ! P>TICIPATION ( ,L,A,O,S1 A POPULI/ RITY1 & ,NEW ,DEMOCRACY1 ! C5T]-RITY4 ,! RE=MS & MEASURES ANN\NC$ BY ! NEW PRIME-M9I/] >E ACTUALLY A CONT9UATION ( ! POLITICS ( ! PREVI\S GOV]NM5T1 NAMELY A CONT9UATION & DEEP5+ ( ! FISCAL T]RORISM4 ,H[EV]1 TILL N[ ! NEW GOV]NM5T HAD NOT 9TRODUC$ ANY NEW MEASURES & TRI$ TO BE MORE 0FLEXIBLE0 ON ! IMPLEM5TATION ( ! TAX ON ! PROP]TIES 9TRODUC$ BY ! PREVI\S GOV]NM5T4 ,IT IS DIFFICULT TO PR$ICT ! RESPONSE ( ! WORK+ CLASS4 ,= ! TIME BE+ AT LEA/1 AS A 'NATIONAL UNITY' GOV]NM5T L$ BY A TE*NOCRAT1 :O IS SUPPOS$LY NOT 0CORRUPT0 LIKE ! POLITICIANS1 IT S]VES AS A RES]VE & SEEMS TO BE TOL]AT$4 ,H[EV]1 WEAK AS IT IS ) ! DIFF]5T FACTIONS )9 IT TRY+ TO AVOID ASSUM+ ! POLITICAL RESPONSIBILITIES & CONSEQU5CES ( ! AU/]ITY MEASURES1 IT IS DIFFICULT TO /AY 9 P[] AS LONG AS IT NE$S TO4 ,BESIDES1 S9CE IT IS AB\T TO IMPOSE A NEW WAVE ( DEVA/AT+ RE=MS1 ITS ABILITY TO PO/PONE ! EXPLOSION ( SOCIAL ANG] IS RA!R LIMIT$4 ,DISCUSSIONS AB\T A POSSIBLE MILIT>Y C\P >E NOT NEW4 ,SEE = EXAMPLE ?IS >TICLE1 DAT$ ,SEPTEMB]1 #a#i1 :I* M5TIONS A REPORT FROM ! ,C,I,A 9 ,JUNE4 ,SU* DISCUSSIONS BECAME VIVID AGA9 :5 ! =M] GOV]NM5T DECID$ A SUDD5 *ANGE 9 TOP ROLES ( ! MILIT>Y TO EX]T ITS P>TY RULE & A TIMY 9 ! FACE ( M\NT+ RESI/ANCE FROM ! WORK]S & ITS 9ABILITY TO F9D AN EQUILIBRIUM AMONG ! V>Y+ AIMS ( DIFF]5T FRACTIONS ( ! ,GREEK CAPITAL4 ,BUT ONE ( ! BASIC REASONS WAS ! NE$ TO 5SURE ?AT ?OSE 9 HI< RANK W\LD BE 9 TOTAL AGREEM5T ) ! EXT5D$ CUTS 9 ! >MY 7! ABOLITION ( SOME ,>MY ,CORPS1 MA9LY 9 NOR!RN ,GREECE71 S9CE ! PREVI\S *IEF ( ! >MY HAD DISAGREEM5TS ON ! EXT5T ( ! CUTS4 ,! NEW (FIC]S >E EXP]I5C$ & HAVE BE5 HEAVILY 9VOLV$ 9 V>I\S ,N,A,T,O-,EURO>MY 9T]V5TIONS & MO/ IMPORTANTLY >E Y\NG] & *OS5 PRECISELY = !IR OB$I5CE TO ! GOV]NM5T4 ,SO1 JU/ BE=E ! ,P,A,S,O,K GOV]NM5T GAVE WAY TO ! NEW 0NATIONAL UNITY0 GOV]NM5T1 !Y SELECT$ !IR [N P>TY LOYALI/S4 ,ALSO1 A MAGAZ9E REVEAL$ REC5TLY ?AT ! DISMISSAL ( ! LEAD]%IP ( ! ,GREEK >M$ =CES HAD TO DO ) !IR D5IAL TO DISPOSE P]SONNEL ( ! >MY = ! REPRESSION ( ! /RIKES 79 P>TICUL> = ! #d#h-H\R /RIKE ( #ai & #b ,OCTOB]74 ,SO1 9 A SITUATION ( G5]ALIZ$ CRISIS WE CANNOT EXCLUDE ! POSSIBILITY ?AT ! >MY WILL BE CALL$ TO BE 9 *>GE ( POSSIBLE REPRESSIVE OP]ATIONS AGA9/ REVOLT+ CR[DS4 ,ACCORD+ TO SOME REPORTS1 ! >TILL]Y COMM&] ( A T[N NE> ,A!NS CALL$ ! /AFF TO BE 9 FIMY MAY BE ORD]$ TO GET TO ! /REETS4 ,H[EV]1 IT IS DIFFICULT = ! >MY TO PLAY AN AUTONOM\S ROLE 9 ! POLITICAL LIFE ( ,GREECE & !RE=E IT IS HIMY C\LD TAKE ! 9ITIATIVE TO BE 9 P[] 9 ORD] TO SAVE CAPITALISM4 ,SU* AN 9ITIATIVE C\LD ALSO BE V]Y EMB>RASS+ = ! ,E,U S9CE A C\NTRY 0RUN0 BY ! MILIT>Y %\LD BE EXCLUD$ BY ! ,E,U4 ,IT IS MORE PROBABLE ?AT ! ,GREEK GOV]NM5T C\LD USE ! >MY 9 CASE PROTE/S EXP& & ! SITUATION BECOMES UNMANAGEABLE = ! POLICE4 ,REF]5DUM :I* WAS PROPOS$ BY ,P,A,S,O,K DIDN'T HAPP5 BECAUSE ( ,E,U'S DIRECTIVES4 ,WAS !RE SOME ACTUAL ALT]NATIVE TO PRES5T SITUATION ON ?AT REF]5DUM OR WAS IT JU/ AB\T PICK+ BETWE5 LESS] EVIL 9 CAPITAL MANAGEM5T8 ,:AT DO ,GREEKS ?9K ( ,EUROPEAN ,UNION & ITS IMP]IALISM8 ,! PROPOSAL = ! SUPPOS$ REF]5DUM ON ! NEW ,E,U DEBT PLAN WAS JU/ A TRICK ( ! PREVI\S GOV]NM5T 7& ,PAP&RE\ P]SONALLY 9 FACT7 AS IT WAS FAC+ AN 9CREAS+LY RAPID DELEGITIMIZATION & WAS UNABLE TO 5=CE ! NEW DEBT TREATY4 ,SO1 !IR SOLUTION WAS TO IMPOSE A NEW 0NATIONAL UNITY0 GOV]NM5T ) SOME MEMB]S FROM ! ,NEW ,DEMOCRACY P>TY & ! ULTRA-RITY 9 ORD] TO MAKE !M ACCEPT TO TAKE P>T 9 ! COALITION GOV]NM5T4 ,!RE WAS NO POSSIBILITY = SU* A REF]5DUM TO TAKE PLACE S9CE IT C\LD JEOP>DIZE ! CONT9UATION ( ! FISCAL T]RORISM BE+ IMPOS$ = TWO YE>S N[1 SOME?+ ?AT ! ,P,A,S,O,K GOV]NM5T HAD NO 9T5TION TO DO4 ,BESIDES1 ! MELODRAMATIC WAY IT WAS PROPOS$ PROV$ V]Y 9/RUM5TAL 9TO T]RORIZ+ ! ,GREEK POPULATION 9 G5]AL SO AS TO MAKE !M REG>D ! NEW GOV]NM5T AS A 0SOLUTION04 ,IT WAS ONLY C]TA9 P>TS ( ! ,LEFT ?AT CONSID]$ ! REF]5DUM AS A VIABLE & POSSIBLE OPTION 9 !IR ILLUSIONS ?AT !Y W\LD BE ?US GRANT$ ! P[] FROM ! PEOPLE4 ,POPULI/ NATIONALISM IS DOM9ANT )9 ! P>T ( ! ,GREEK PROLET>IAT :I* P>TICIPATES 9 ! /RUGGLES4 ,?IS IDEOLOGY IS MA9LY PROMOT$ BY ! LEFT POLITICAL P>TIES & =CES ?AT GREATLY 9FLU5CE ! DISC\RSE & ACTIVITY )9 ! /RUGGLES4 ,EV5 = A LOT ( PROLET>IANS OR PETITE-B\RGEOIS H>D HIT BY ! CRISIS :O >E NOT AFFILIAT$ ) POLITICAL P>TIES1 NATIONAL ID5TITY APPE>S AS A LA/ IMAG9>Y REFUGE :5 EV]Y?+ ELSE IS RAPIDLY CRUMBL+4 ,BEH9D ! SLOGANS AGA9/ ! 0=EIGN1 SELL \T GOV]NM5T0 OR = ! 0,SALVATION ( ! C\NTRY01 0,NATIONAL SOV]EIGNTY0 & A 0,NEW ,CON/ITUTION0 LIES A DEEP FEEL+ ( FE> & ALI5ATION TO :I* ! 0NATIONAL COMMUNITY0 APPE>S AS A MAGICAL UNIFY+ SOLUTION4 ,CLASS 9T]E/S >E (T5 EXPRESS$ 9 NATIONALI/ T]MS PRODUC+ A CONFUS$ & EXPLOSIVE POLITICAL COCKTAIL4 ,! IDEOLOGY ( 0NATIONAL UNITY0 HAS BE5 ALSO PROMOT$ & UTILIZ$ BY ! ,GREEK CAPITALI/ /ATE ITSELF4 ,! P>TN]S )9 ! ,E,U >E PORTRAY$ AS COMM&]S & RIVALS2 ! UNIFI$ ,EUROPEAN VILLAGE :OSE 9HABITANTS LIVE H>MONI\SLY & CO-DECIDE DEMOCRATICALLY FALLS AP>T :ILE A MATT] ( UTMO/ IMPORTANCE1 ! DEF5SE ( ! NATION -?IS P]5NIAL DECEPTION- COMES TO ! =E4 ,! MO/ CONS]VATIVE P>T ( ! ,GREEK PROLET>IAT :I* IS NOT PREP>$ TO REV]SE ITS DEVALUATION ?R\< CLASS /RUGGLE & SUPPORTS ! NEOLIB]AL POLITICAL PROGRAM PUTS ITS HOPES = A FUTURE 9CREASE ( ! VALUE ( ITS [N LABOR P[] 9 ! 9CREASE ( ! COMPETITIV5ESS ( ! ,GREEK ECONOMY4 ,9 BO? CASES1 ! ,EUROPEAN ,UNION1 & ESPECIALLY ,G]MANY AS ITS APP>5T LEAD]1 IS P]CEIV$ AS AN ALI5 P[] :I* IMPOSES ! AU/]ITY MEASURES & POLICIES 9 ORD] TO SECURE ITS 9T]E/S & ! FULL REPAYM5T ( ! DEBT [$ BY ! ,GREEK /ATE4 ,ANO!R WIDESPREAD IDEA IS ?AT ! P[]FUL C\NTRIES 9 ! ,E,U HAVE !IR EYES ON ! *EAP ACQUISITION ( ,GREEK NATIONAL RES\RCES & CON/ANT CAPITAL4 ,! GOV]NM5T IS P]CEIV$ AS A S]VANT ( =EIGN 9T]E/S HAV+ LO/ SOV]EIGNTY DUE TO ! FISCAL OBLIGATIONS ( ! ,GREEK /ATE4 ,! MA9 DIFF]5CE BETWE5 ! LEFT & ! NEOLIB]AL POLITICAL PROPAG&A LIES 9 ! ME?ODOLOGY TO REGA9 0NATIONAL SOV]EIGNTY04 ,9 ! NEOLIB]AL CASE ?IS WILL BE A*IEV$ ?R\< ! SUCCESSFUL IMPOSITION ( ! AU/]ITY PROGRAM4 ,9 ! CASE ( ! LEFTI/S1 ?IS WILL BE A*IEV$ ?R\< A NATIONALLY 9DEP5D5T1 SOCIAL-DEMOCRATIC PA? = ! 0DEVELOPM5T ( ! C\NTRY01 I4E4 = CAPITALI/ DEVELOPM5T4 ,( C\RSE1 !RE >E M9ORIT>IAN RADICAL T5D5CIES )9 ! PROLET>IAT 9 ,GREECE :O GRASP ! TRUE NATURE ( ! AU/]ITY PROGRAM1 I4E4 ?AT IT IS A H>% CLASS ATTACK AGA9/ ! PROLET>IAT AIM+ AT WEA!R+ ! CRISIS ?R\< ! RECOV]Y ( ! PR(ITABILITY ( ,GREEK CAPITAL :I* 5TAILS ! DE/RUCTION ( ITS UNPRODUCTIVE P>TS 7SU* AS SMALL FAMILY 5T]PRISES1 :I* HAVE MASSIVELY CLOS$ D[N74 ,! CLASS CONSCI\S P>TS ( ! PROLET>IAT REALIZE ?AT ?IS ATTACK IS ! SPECIFIC =M TAK5 BY ! COLLECTIVE CAPITALI/ /RATEGY )9 ! ,EUROPEAN ,UNION 9 ,GREECE4 ,! ADOPTION ( ! COMMON CURR5CY WAS ! PREVI\S HI/ORICAL =M ( ! COLLECTIVE CAPITALI/ /RATEGY )9 ! ,E,U4 ,! AU/]ITY PROGRAMS :I* >E IMPLEM5T$ OR WILL BE IMPLEM5T$ 9 ! NE> FUTURE ALL >\ND ! ,E,U & !IR CONSOLIDATION ) ! SO-CALL$ ,EUROPEAN ,FISCAL ,UNION1 9 ORD] TO MANAGE ! ,EUROPEAN SOV]EIGN DEBT CRISIS & TO SAVE ! COMMON CURR5CY1 CON/ITUTE ! CURR5T =M ( ! COLLECTIVE CAPITALI/ /RATEGY :I* IS FOLL[$ = ! B5EFIT ( ALL ! NATIONAL CAPITALS & ( ALL ! RUL+ CLASSES )9 ! ,EUROPEAN ,UNION ) ALL ! CONTRADICTIONS1 FRICTIONS & S]I\S SOCIAL_/POLITICAL TURBUL5CES ?AT !Y NECESS>ILY 5TAIL4 ,GREECE IS = PA/ C\PLE ( YE>S 0EPIC5T]0 ( ,WORLDS CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,:AT K9D ( IMPACT DID REC5T CLA% BETWE5 ,COMMUNI/ ,P>TY ( ,GREECE 7,K,K,E7 & ! RE/ ( ! MOVEM5T LEFT ON MOVEM5T8 ,DID ?AT MANAGE TO WEAK5 MOVEM5T'S COHESION8 ,FIR/ ( ALL WE W\LD LIKE TO COMM5T ON ! *>ACT]IZATION 0EPIC5T]0 ( ,WORLD'S CLASS /RUGGLE4 ,DESPITE ! FACT ?AT PROLET>IAN ACTIVITY IS CONT9U\S & VIVID & IT CREATES REAL OB/ACLES = ! ONGO+ RE/RUCTUR+ ( CLASS RELATIONS1 ?IS ACTIVITY REMA9S 0WEAK04 ,/RUGGLES >E /ILL FRAGM5T$1 DEF5SIVE1 MO/ ( !M CONTROLL$ BY UNIONS & !RE IS AN ALMO/ TOTAL LACK ( AUTONOM\S PROLET>IAN ACTION & ( MORE RADICAL CONT5TS ( /RUGGLE GO+ BEYOND ! UNION DEM&S4 ,! RESPONSE ( ! GREAT] P>T ( ! WORK+ CLASS IS IMBU$ BY EI!R AN 9DIVIDUALI/ M5TALITY OR BY A SECTIONAL ID5TITY :I* REPRODUCES ! SEP>ATIONS )9 ! CLASS1 OR BY A NATIONALI/-POPULI/ M5TALITY BLAM+ 0CORRUPTION0 ( ! POLITICIANS4 ,H[EV]1 WE RECOGNIZE ?AT ! CLASS /RUGGLE 9 ,GREECE HAS A DIRECT & 9DIRECT IMPACT ON ! CLASS /RUGGLE ON A BROAD] LEVEL1 ESPECIALLY 9 ,EUROPE1 S9CE IT IS CLE> ?AT SIMIL> 0ADJU/M5T_/AU/]ITY0 PROGRAMS HAVE ALREADY BEGUN TO BE IMPLEM5T$ 9 O!R ,EUROPEAN C\NTRIES AS WELL4 ,! 'SOV]EIGN DEBT CRISIS' ATTACK UNSURPRIS+LY F\ND ITS IMM$IATE T>GET AT ! PUBLIC SECTOR4 ,!RE=E1 ! WORK]S AT ?IS SECTOR W]E ! FIR/ :O RESPOND$ AGA9/ ! WAGE CUTS1 ! HUGE SLA%ES 9 PUBLIC SP5D+1 ! DISMANTL+ ( S]VICES & ! DISSOLUTION ( A VA/ AM\NT ( /ATE 5TITIES4 ,AP>T FROM /RIKES & DEMOS :I* ESCALAT$ LA/ ,OCTOB]1 A WAVE ( SIT-9 PROTE/S AT T[N HALLS1 M9I/RIES & PUBLIC S]VICE (FICES BY CIVIL S]VANTS 9 ,A!NS & >\ND ! C\NTRY M>K$ AN UNUSUAL UPGRAD+ ( /RUGGLE = ?IS P>TICUL> SECTOR4 ,WORK]S SEAL$ (F ! 5TRANCE TO ! SOCIAL SECURITY 9=MATICS DIRECTORATE1 AS WELL AS ! 5TRANCE TO ! H\S+1 9T]IOR & DEVELOPM5T M9I/RIES & TO ! P5SIONS DIRECTORATE ( ! ,G5]AL ,/ATE ,ACC\NTS ,(FICE4 ,!SE MILITANT PRACTICES1 :I* BLOCK$ AT LEA/ TEMPOR>ILY ! 'LABOR RES]VE' PLANS ( ! GOV]NM5T 7:]EBY #c1 CIVIL S]VANTS W]E SUPPOS$ EFFECTIVELY TO LOSE !IR JOBS )9 MON?S7 SIGNAL$ ! AWAK5+ ( ! MAJORITY ( ! *RONICALLY LE?>GIC CIVIL S]VANTS :OSE V]Y EXI/5CE1 ACCORD+ TO ! /ATE PROPAG&A1 N[ CON/ITUTES ! MA9 '/RUCTURAL PROBLEM' ( ! C\NTRY4 ,CAPITALI/ CRISIS PROVES TO BE P>TICUL>LY UNHEAL?Y = PROLET>IANS AS ! SEV]E CUTS 9 ALL K9DS ( HEAL? S]VICES %[3 !RE W]E AB\T #d.0 CUTS 9 HOSPITAL BUDGETS1 UND]/AFF+1 REPORT$ OCCASIONAL %ORTAGE ( M$ICAL SUPPLIES1 M]GES OR EV5 CLOSURES ( HOSPITALS AS WELL AS M5TAL 9/ITUTIONS & REHABILITATION C5T]S4 ,HEAL? WORK]S HAVE RESPOND$ BY CONT9U\S /RIKES OR EV5 OCCUPATIONS ( ! ,HEAL? ,M9I/RY ) ! LA/ ONE HAV+ LA/$ = #ae DAYS4 ,AN 9T]E/+ /RUGGLE TOOK PLACE 9 ! ,G5]AL ,HOSPITAL ( ,KILKIS1 A T[N 9 NOR!RN ,GREECE1 = SOME WEEKS4 ,! G5]AL ASSEMBLY ( ALL HEAL? WORK]S 7DOCTORS 9CLUD$7 DECID$ TO OCCUPY ! PREMISES & />T$ ! RET5TION ( WORK1 S]V+ ONLY EM]G5CIES UNTIL ! COMPLETE PAYM5T = ! H\RS WORK$1 & ! RISE ( !IR 9COME TO ! LEVELS IT WAS BE=E ! >RIVAL ( ! TROIKA 7,E,U-,E,C,B-,I,M,F71 AS !Y SAY4 ,!Y ALSO PROVID$ FREE HEAL?C>E DECL>+ ?AT ! LONG-LA/+ PROBLEMS ( ! ,NATIONAL ,HEAL? ,SY/EM 7,E,S,Y7 9 ! C\NTRY CANNOT BE SOLV$ ?R\< LIMIT$ CLAIMS ( ! HEAL? S]VICES SECTOR & ?US !Y PLAC$ !IR SPECIAL 9T]E/S 9SIDE A G5]AL FRAMEWORK ( POLITICAL & ECONOMIC DEM&S AGA9/ ! BRUTAL CAPITALI/ ATTACK ASK+ = SOLID>ITY FROM EV]YBODY4 ,?\< ! OCCUPATION IS OV]1 ! UNPAID HEAL? WORK]S CONT9UE ! RET5TION ( WORK4 ,TWO MILK FACTORIES 9 ,ATTIKI & ,L>ISSA CORRESPOND+LY W]E ! T]RA9 ( SOME VICTORIES3 AFT] JU/ ONE-DAY /RIKE 9 ,AGNO MILK FACTORY AGA9/ LAY (FS & CLA%ES ) ! RIOT COPS1 ! WORK]S GOT BACK TO !IR JOBS4 ,9 ,L>ISSA ! /RIKE MADE ! BOSSES REVOKE BO? ! LAY (FS & ! WAGE CUTS4 ,9 A PH>MACEUTICAL FACTORY 9 ,NOR!RN ,ATTIKI ! #cc WORK]S' /RUGGLE WAS FOCUS$ ON DEM&+ WAGES DUE 7!Y HAD NOT BE5 PAID = MON?S7 & REJECT+ ! IMPOSITION ( 9T]MITT5T WORK 7ONCE A WEEK74 ,!RE W]E ALSO CLA%ES ) ! RIOT POLICE :5 ! BOSSES TRI$ TO REMOVE COMMODITIES ( ?\S&S EUROS VALUE \T ( ! FACTORY4 ,! #d /EEL WORK]S' /RIKE AT ,ELL9IKI ,*ALIV\RGIA 7OV] #ae /RIKE DAYS7 9 ,WE/ ,ATTIKI />T$ AS A RESPONSE TO #e LAY (FS AFT] ! BOSSES' BLACKMAIL TO *ANGE ! LABOR CONTRACT 7#e H\RS A DAY = A #e.0 WAGE CUT7 HAD BE5 REJECT$4 ',COMMUNI/' BOSSES HAVE BE5 HIT BY ! RECESSION1 TOO4 ,S9CE ,DECEMB] #ba ! ADM9I/RATION ( ! ,K,K,E-[N$ #ib ,F,M RADIO /ATION _/#i#b ,T,V HAD />T$ FIR+ NONP>TY MEMB] WORK]S )\T PREVI\S NOTICE4 ,:AT'S WORSE1 :5 SOME WORK]S />T$ ORGANIZ+ AGA9/ ! FIR+S1 !Y FAC$ ! P>TY'S DIVIDE-&-RULE TACTICS PITT+ !M AGA9/ ! P>TY MEMB]S4 ,! USE ( ! /EELWORK]S' /RIKE AS A TOOL = PROMOT+ ! /AL9I/ P>TY'S G5]AL POLITICAL L9E1 DOES LEAVE ROOM = SOME OPPORTUNI/IC MANEUV] ?\<1 AS ! REC5T 7#a#g_/#b7 W>M WELCOME TO ! NEO-NAZI ,GOLD5 ,DAWN 'SOLID>ITY DELEGATES' 9 ! FACTORY BY ! HEAD ( ! UNION %[$4 ,:E!R ! /EELWORK]S >E HEAD+ = A D\BLE DEFEAT -BO? BY ! BOSSES & ! /AL9I/S :O MANIPULATE A WORK]S' /RUGGLE SUBORD9AT+ IT TO !IR POLITICAL GAMES- OR NOT IS A BET ?AT A LOT W\LD NOT LIKE TO MAKE444 ,/RUGGLES OV] WAGES DUE >E QUITE (T5 ! CASE 9 ! T]TI>Y SECTOR1 TOO4 ,HOTEL WORK]S W]E ON /RIKE 9 ,NOR!RN ,GREECE DEM&+ WAGES DUE = MON?S & MA9LY Y\NG & UNEMPLOY$ PEOPLE :O TOOK P>T 9 ! ,NATIONAL ,C5SUS MANAG$ TO GET !IR WAGES AFT] A #f-MON? DELAY & AFT] SEL=GANIZ$ MOBILIZATIONS 7S9CE !RE WAS NO UNION = !M74 ,LET'S MOVE TO ! CLA% BETWE5 ,K,K,E-,P,A,M,E & O!R DEMON/RATORS DUR+ ! G5]AL /RIKE ON ,OCTOB] #b1 #b#a#a4 ,TO />T )1 WE WILL MAKE SOME CL>IFICATIONS ON ?AT DAY'S EV5T4 ,K,K,E MEMB]S W]E /ATION$ 9 MILIT>Y =MATION 9 ! >EA >\ND ! P>LIAM5T1 >M$ ) HELMETS & /ICKS1 FAC+ ! DEMON/RATORS ) ! RIOT SQUADS BEH9D !M1 PREV5T+ ANYONE FROM APPROA*+1 EV5 ASK+ = REPORT]S' ID5TITIES & ATTACK+ FI]CELY LAT] ?OSE 9 ! CR[D :O DEFI$ !IR CORDONS4 ,AS ! CLA%ES />T$1 ! RIOT SQUADS CAME = !IR PROTECTION ATTACK+ PEOPLE ) *EMICALS & FLA%-BANG GR5ADES EVACUAT+ ! >EA4 ,IT WAS REVEAL$ LAT] ?AT ! ,/AL9I/S HAD MADE AN AGREEM5T ) ! POLICE SO AS TO BE ALL[$ TO POLICE ! DEMO !MSELVES4 ,ACCORD+ TO \R 9=MATION1 SIMIL> AGREEM5TS W]E MADE BETWE5 ! ,K,K,E & O!R LEFT P>TIES' OR GR\PUSCULES' UNIONI/S SO ?AT EA* WAS ALLOTT$ A SPECIAL PLACE NE> ! P>LIAM5T ACCEPT+ ,K,K,E'S HEGEMONY4 ,!Y LAT] SUPPORT$ FULLY ,K,K,E 9 ITS D5UNCIATION ( ! 0AN>*O-FASCI/S01 0P>A/ATALS0 ETC4 ,!SE *>ACT]IZATIONS REF]R$ TO ALL ?OSE :O W]E NOT P>T ( ! DEAL1 NOT WILL+ TO ACCEPT IT & TRI$ TO BREAK !IR CORDONS4 ,WE MU/ M5TION ?AT ! MAJORITY ( ! PEOPLE 9VOLV$ 9 ! CLA% ) ! ,/AL9I/S W]E ANTI-AU?ORIT>IANS & AN>*I/S4 ,AS F> AS ! IMPACT ( ?AT CLA% IS CONSID]$ WE CAN GIVE SOME PRELIM9>Y ?\ATE FROM ! RE/ ( ! MOBILIZATIONS4 ,! MESSAGE ( ?IS DEMON/RATION HAD A TW(OLD MEAN+4 ,IT %[$ 9 A PRACTICAL WAY ?AT AP>T FROM ! POLICE1 PROLET>IANS ALSO HAVE TO DEAL ) ! ,/AL9I/ POLICE4 ,TAK+ 9TO ACC\NT ?AT MANY PEOPLE REG>D$ ! EV5T AS A CONFLICT 0AMONG DEMON/RATORS01 ! ACTION ( ,K,K,E 09JECT$0 PEOPLE ) FE>4 ,AT ! SAME TIME1 ,K,K,E PROV$ ITS CAPACITY TO IMPOSE 0,LAW & ,ORD]0 AS A P>LIAM5T>Y POLITICAL =CE4 ,K,K,E MANAG$ TO CREATE BORD]L9ES BETWE5 ?OSE :O CONDEMN ! 0MURD]\S ATTACKS MADE BY P>A/ATAL HOOD$ PEOPLE0 AGA9/ ITS =CES & ?OSE :O DIDN'T ACCEPT ,K,K,E'S DI/ORT$ V]SION ( ! EV5TS4 ,!SE BORD]L9ES APPE>$ 9 LOCAL ASSEMBLIES & 9 BASE UNIONS4 ,WE BELIEVE ?AT ,K,K,E & ! ,LEFT 9 G5]AL WILL PLAY A KEY-ROLE = ! CAPITALI/ DOM9ATION ESPECIALLY IF ! MAJOR POLITICAL =CES 7,P,A,S,O,K & ,NEW ,DEMOCRACY7 WILL NOT MANAGE TO PREVAIL ON ! C5TRAL POLITICAL SC5E 9 ! FUTURE4 ,LA/ BUT NOT LEA/1 ,K,K,E'S MOVE C\LD BE 9T]PRET$ AS ! FIR/ ACT ( A NEW POLIC+ DOCTR9E :I* AIMS TO PACIFY DEMON/RATIONS & M>G9ALIZE PROLET>IAN VIOL5CE ?R\< ! CREATION & RE9=CEM5T ( DIVISIONS BETWE5 0VIOL5T0 & 0NONVIOL5T0 DEMON/RATORS4,DIVISIONS ?AT W]E FAD+ \T DUR+ PREVI\S MOBILIZATIONS4 ,?IS NEW POLIC+ DOCTR9E IS REALIZ$ ?R\< ! COOP]ATION ( ! ,POLICE & ,P>TY_/,UNIONI/ ME*ANISMS4 ,:AT CAN Y\ TELL US AB\T POPUL> ASSEMBLIES8 ,H[ DID !Y APPE>8 ,DO WORK]S SUPPORT !M8 ,>E !Y HEAVILY 9FLU5C$ BY POLITICAL P>TIES' ACTIVI/S8 ,>E !RE SOME K9DS ( WORKPLACE ASSEMBLIES OR >E !Y JU/ LIMIT$ TO MA9 SQU>ES8 ,! FIR/ 0POPUL> ASSEMBLIES0 APPE>$ DUR+ ! UPRIS+ 9 ,DECEMB] #b#h4 ,9 MANY CASES !Y W]E CONNECT$ TO ! OCCUPATION ( PUBLIC BUILD+S LIKE ,T[N ,HALLS4 ,! OCCUPANTS ORGANIZ$ MEET+S ) LOCAL PEOPLE TRY+ TO BROAD5 ! REVOLT ORGANIZ+ LOCAL ACTIONS1 ALWAYS CONNECT$ TO ! REVOLT4 ,9 ALL !SE ACTIONS1 ! COMMON *>ACT]I/IC WAS AN ATTEMPT TO 0OP5 UP0 ! REBELLION T[>DS ! NEI$ DI/9CT T5D5CIES 9SIDE ?IS SOCIAL 0OP5+01 P>TICUL>LY AS ! REBELLION WAS SIMM]+ D[N4 ,ONE T5D5CY WANT$ TO ORGANIZE A COMMUNITY ( /RUGGLE BROAD5+ ! ISSUES ( ! REBELLION1 ANO!R ONE PREF]R$ A K9D ( ACTIVITY MORE ORI5TAT$ T[>DS DEAL+ ) LOCAL MATT]S ON A /EADY BASIS4 ,H[EV]1 GRADUALLY !SE ASSEMBLIES BEGAN TO WEAK5 & MO/ ( !M /OPP$ OR CONT9U$ TO EXI/ BUT ) V]Y FEW PEOPLE4 ,! PEOPLE :O P>TICIPAT$ 9 !SE ASSEMBLIES W]E MO/LY AN>*I/S_/ANTI-AU?ORIT>IANS1 LEFTI/S BUT ALSO MANY PEOPLE FROM ! NEITICIPAT$ AS 9SURG5TS1 BUT AS ! UPRIS+ WEAK5$ ! OLD ID5TITIES RETURN$3 ! ID5TITY ( ! AN>*I/_/ANTI-AU?ORIT>IAN1 ! LEFTI/ OR EV5 ! 0RESID5T0 :O WANTS TO DEAL ONLY ) ! LOCAL ISSUES ( ! NEI ASSEMBLIES0 TOOK PLACE 9 ,MAY #baa 9FLU5C$ BY ! 09DIGNADOS0 MOVEM5T 9 ,SPA9 & ! UPRIS+S 9 ,EGYPT & ,TUNISIA4 ,! MOVEM5T ( ! ASSEMBLIES 9 ! SQU>ES />T$ COMPLETELY UNEXPECT$LY ON ! #b#e? ( ,MAY #baa 9 ,A!NS4 ,FROM ! V]Y FIR/ DAY ! PROTE/]S OCCUPI$ ,SYNTAGMA SQU>E1 :I* IS 9 ! C5T] ( ,A!NS & ! PLACE :]E ! DAILY G5]AL ASSEMBLY TOOK PLACE ) ! P>TICIPATION ( HUNDR$S OR EV5 ?\S&S ( PEOPLE4 ,! 9ITIAL CALL WAS A DECL>ATION ( 9DEP5D5CE & SEP>ATION FROM POLITICAL P>TIES1 REPRES5TATION & IDEOLOGIES4 ,IT ALSO DECL>$ ! WILL TO PROTE/ PEACEFULLY AGA9/ ! AU/]ITY MEASURES1 ! /ATE MANAGEM5T ( ! DEBT CRISIS & 0ALL ?OSE :O L$ US H]E04 ,FUR!RMORE1 A MA9 SLOGAN WAS ! CALL = A 0REAL DEMOCRACY04 ,! SLOGAN ( 0REAL DEMOCRACY0 WAS QUICKLY REPLAC$ AFT] A C\PLE ( DAYS BY ! SLOGAN ( 0DIRECT DEMOCRACY04 ,! 9ITIAL EF=T ( ! ORGANIZ]S TO SET A BODY ( SPECIFIC DEMOCRATIC RULES = ! ASSEMBLY WAS REJECT$ BY ! P>TICIPANTS4 ,H[EV]1 C]TA9 REGULATIONS W]E E/ABLI%$ AFT] SOME DAYS CONC]N+ ! TIME-LIMIT ( ! SPEE*ES 7#i SEC71 ! WAY ?AT SOMEONE CAN PROPOSE A SUBJECT = ! DISCUSSION 79 WRITT5 =M1 TWO H\RS BE=E ! BEG9N+ ( ! ASSEMBLY7 & ! WAY ?AT SPEAK]S >E BE+ *OS5 7?R\< A LOTT]Y74 ,WE %\LD ALSO M5TION ?AT >\ND ! CORE ( ! G5]AL ASSEMBLY !RE W]E ALWAYS PL5TY ( DISCUSSIONS1 EV5TS OR EV5 CONFRONTATIONS AMONG ! P>TICIPANTS4 ,! LEFTI/S & ESPECIALLY ?OSE COM+ FROM ,S,Y,R,I,Z,A 7,COALITION ( ,RADICAL ,LEFT7 GOT QUICKLY 9VOLV$ 9 ! ,SYNTAGMA ASSEMBLY & TOOK OV] IMPORTANT POSITIONS 9 ! GR\PS ?AT W]E =M$ 9 ORD] TO RUN ! OCCUPATION ( ,SYNTAGMA SQU>E1 &1 MORE SPECIFICALLY1 9 ! GR\P = 0SECRET>IAL SUPPORT0 & ! ONE RESPONSIBLE = 0COMMUNICATION04 ,!SE TWO GR\PS W]E ! MO/ IMPORTANT ONES BECAUSE !Y ORGANIZ$ ! AG5DA ( ! ASSEMBLIES AS WELL AS ! FL[ ( ! DISCUSSION4 ,IT MU/ BE NOT$ ?AT !SE PEOPLE DID NOT OP5LY DECL>E !IR POLITICAL ALLEGIANCE & APPE>$ AS 09DIVIDUALS04 ,H[EV]1 !SE POLITICOS W]E UNABLE TO COMPLETELY MANIPULATE SU* A VOLATILE & HET]OG5E\S ASSEMBLY S9CE ! DELEGITIMIZATION ( ! POLITICAL P>TIES WAS PREVAL5T4 ,AS F> AS ! CLASS COMPOSITION ( ! ASSEMBLY IS CONC]N$1 MO/ ( ! PEOPLE ?AT P>TICIPAT$ W]E PROLET>IANS 7UNEMPLOY$ WORK]S1 PUBLIC SECTOR WORK]S1 UNIV]SITY /UD5TS1 WORK]S FROM ! PRIVATE SECTOR1 ETC47 & MORE ORI5T$ TO ! DEMOCRATIC LEFT 7PATRIOTIC1 ANTIFASCI/1 ANTI-IMP]IALI/74 ,! ASSEMBLY ( ! ,SYNTAGMA SQU>E LA/$ = MORE ?AN TWO MON?S ON A DAILY BASIS4 ,DUR+ ?AT TIME1 MANY DECISIONS 9VOLV+ ! ORGANIZATION ( DIRECT ACTIONS HAVE BE5 TAK54 ,NEV]!LESS1 9 ! 5D V]Y FEW PEOPLE REALLY P>TICIPAT$ 9 !M4 ,IT SEEMS ?AT ! DIRECT DEMOCRATIC PROCESS ( JU/ VOT+ = OR AGA9/ A SPECIFIC PROPOSAL 9 SU* A MASSIVE ASSEMBLY T5DS TO REPRODUCE PASSIVITY & ! ROLE ( ! 9DIVIDUALIZ$ SPECTATOR_/VOT]4 ,?IS PASSIVITY & 9DIVIDUALIZATION ( A SIGNIFICANT P>T ( ! PEOPLE WAS TRANSC5D$ ON ! DAYS ( ! G5]AL /RIKES 7#a#e_/#f1 #b#h_/#f1 #b#i_/#f #b#a#a7 :5 ! NE$ TO /RUGGLE AGA9/ ! ATTEMPTS ( ! /ATE TO DISB& ! DEMON/RATION & TO REOCCUPY ,SYNTAGMA SQU>E NOT ONLY L$ PRACTICALLY TO ! P>TICIPATION ( ?\S&S ( PEOPLE 9 ! CLA%ES ) ! POLICE BUT ALSO L$ TO ! EXPRESSION ( REAL SOLID>ITY AMONG ! DEMON/RATORS4 ,AT ! 5D ( ,JULY #baa ! COPS CLE>$ ! SQU>E4 ,AFT] ?AT1 ALL ! ATTEMPTS ?AT W]E MADE 9 ORD] TO REVIVE ! G5]AL ASSEMBLY1 BUT )\T RE-OCCUPY+ ! SQU>E1 FAIL$4 ,ONE ( ! REASONS IS ?AT ! REAPPROPRIATION ( ! SPACE1 PROVID$ BY ! OCCUPATION1 WAS REALLY IMPORTANT = ! EXI/5CE ( ! ASSEMBLY1 NOT ONLY 9 T]MS ( PROTECTION AGA9/ ! COPS BUT ALSO AS A PRECONDITION = ! CREATION ( A PROLET>IAN PUBLIC SPH]E1 P>T ( :I* WAS ! DAILY G5]AL ASSEMBLY4 ,DUR+ ! OCCUPATION ( ,SYNTAGMA SQU>E A LOT ( LOCAL ASSEMBLIES W]E =M$ AT V>I\S NEIACT]I/ICS W]E MORE OR LESS ! SAME ) ?OSE ( ! ASSEMBLY AT ,SYNTAGMA SQU>E BUT 9 A SMALL] SCALE4 ,A LOT ( !SE ASSEMBLIES /ILL EXI/ BUT ! P>TICIPATION IS SMALL AP>T FROM A FEW EXCEPTIONS4 ,!Y FOCUS MA9LY ON LOCAL ISSUES BUT !Y ALSO ORGANIZE ACTIVITIES RELAT$ TO ! REFUSAL ( PAYM5T ( A NEW PROP]TY TAX :I* IS 9CORPORAT$ 9 ! ELECTRICITY BILL4 ,BECAUSE ( ! LATT]1 ! P>TICIPANTS >E NOT ONLY POLITICIZ$ 7AN>*I/S_/ANTI-AU?ORIT>IANS & LEFTI/S7 BUT ALSO PEOPLE FROM ! NEI AS ! WORKPLACES >E CONC]N$1 !RE >E NO ASSEMBLIES \TSIDE ! 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